CN107043981B - A kind of the composite environmental-friendly material and its manufacturing method of anti-toxic gas - Google Patents
A kind of the composite environmental-friendly material and its manufacturing method of anti-toxic gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN107043981B CN107043981B CN201710039614.4A CN201710039614A CN107043981B CN 107043981 B CN107043981 B CN 107043981B CN 201710039614 A CN201710039614 A CN 201710039614A CN 107043981 B CN107043981 B CN 107043981B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/06—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by a fibrous or filamentary layer mechanically connected, e.g. by needling to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/16—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
- D01F9/225—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles from stabilised polyacrylonitriles
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of composite environmental-friendly material of anti-toxic gas and its manufacturing method, the material include it is outer, in, it is three layers interior, wherein outer layer is to be polymerized using polyurethanes, carboxyl；Middle level is woven using carbon fiber；Internal layer is made of the polyethylene oxide modified spinning of electrostatic；Wherein, the carbon fiber of middle layer material is prepared using exclusive technique, thicker, gas porosity higher, the relatively poor characteristic of water imbibition with fiber；Inner layer material is equally prepared using exclusive technique, additionally has the characteristics such as cracking resistance, moisture-inhibiting, wear-resisting, heat preservation, soft texture.The breathable moisture permeability of the present invention is good, gas defence ability is strong, can be used for a long time, bacteriological protection grows, is environmental-friendly.
Description
Technical field
The composite environmental-friendly material and its manufacturer of the present invention and gas defence Material Field more particularly to a kind of anti-toxic gas
Method.
Background technology
Gas defence material, for preventing the noxious materials such as poison gas, dust, bacterium, toxic and harmful gas or steam from injuring
People's protective equipment.Gas defence material is widely used in oil, chemical industry, mine, metallurgy, military affairs, fire-fighting, rescue and relief work, health and epidemic prevention
With the fields such as science and technology environmental protection, machine-building, and can also play in the more serious city of haze, photochemical fog important
Personal breathing system protection acts on.
Gas defence material in the prior art（Such as gas mask, haze mask）Generally prevented using two kinds of forms
Poison：One is complete isolation outside airs, are supplied oxygen by interior oxygen supply mechanism（Can be that portable oxygen container or chemistry give birth to oxygen object,
Such as sodium peroxide）；One is by strictly controlling aperture, increasing filter layer.Two ways respectively has quality, the first is of high cost,
Consumption is big, inconvenient, one cannot most importantly be used for a long time（When oxygen container or the raw oxygen object of chemistry always run out of,
And typical time is not grown）；It can lead to that expiratory dyspnea, water mist collection be rich, grows in bacterium and enters lung and is air-dried for second.
Invention content
To solve drawbacks described above existing in the prior art, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of breathable moisture permeability is good, gas defence energy
Power is strong, can be used for a long time, bacteriological protection is grown, the composite environmental-friendly material of environmental-friendly anti-toxic gas and its manufacturing method.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention uses following technical scheme：A kind of composite environmental-friendly of anti-toxic gas
Material, including it is outer, in, it is three layers interior, wherein outer layer is to be polymerized using polyurethanes, carboxyl；Middle level uses carbon fiber
Braiding；Internal layer is made of the polyethylene oxide modified spinning of electrostatic.
A kind of manufacturing method of the composite environmental-friendly material of anti-toxic gas, includes the following steps：
1）Raw material prepare
1. preparing aqueous polyurethane lotion, carboxyl solution（All organic acids contain carboxyl, which is
For carboxylic acid solution, the present invention is merely with carboxyl therein）;
2. preparing polyacrylonitrile resin, which uses ammonia, propane and acrylonitrile to be formed for polymerizable raw material；
3. preparing ethylene oxide solution, PVA solution；
2）The preparation of polyurethanes and carboxyl
1. being modified processing to aqueous polyurethane lotion using carboxyl solution；
2. carrying out film process to modified solution, that is, obtain required cladding material；
3）The preparation of carbon fiber
1. polyacrylonitrile resin is dissolved in the intermixture of polyethylene glycol oxide and pure water, polyethylene glycol oxide in the intermixture
Volume ratio with pure water is 2.5-3：7, obtain spinning solution；
2. 1. spinning solution that step is obtained is sprayed by the spray orifice pressurization of aperture 0.05mm-0.08mm in coagulating bath,
Pressure limit is 1.5bar-2bar, and nozzle is 10mm-15mm with surface of coagulation bath distance, obtains polyacrylonitrile fibril；
3. 2. polyacrylonitrile fibril that step obtains is pre-oxidized by standard method, pre-oxidized fibers are obtained；
4. 3. pre-oxidized fibers that step is obtained carry out charing process, the charing process is divided into preceding charing process with after
Charing process, 750 DEG C -800 DEG C of preceding charing process temperature, processing time 5min -10min, 1500 DEG C of rear charing process temperature -
1600 DEG C, processing time 5min -8min obtains carbon fiber；
5. 4. carbon fiber that step obtains is set carry out graphitization processing, i.e., it is positioned over 2400 DEG C of -2500 DEG C of rings
Under border, 8s-12s is kept the temperature；
6. receiving silk, required carbon fiber is obtained；
7. 6. carbon fiber that step obtains is woven into layer cloth, that is, obtain required middle layer material；
4）The preparation of electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning
1. ethylene oxide solution and PVA solution are pressed Solute mass 7:3 ratio mixing, obtains mixed solution；
2. using receiving away from 42cm-45cm, spinning voltage 62KV-65KV, 50 DEG C -60 DEG C of solution temperature technological parameter,
The mixed solution for 1. obtaining step in 15 DEG C -30 DEG C of temperature, the environment of relative humidity 40%-70% passes through capillary and Taylor
Cone spout is sprayed to Rotation of receiver screen, until 2 μm -10 μm of jet thickness obtains made of required electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning
Inner layer material；
5）Final molding
1. the cladding material obtained, middle layer material and inner layer material are woven into compound fabric successively by inside and outside sequence；
2. standing 15min-20min under 60 DEG C -70 DEG C of dry environment, that is, obtain the complex loop of required anti-toxic gas
Protect material.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages：Special cladding material, as a result of poly- amino first
Acid esters and hydrophilic groups make also moisture-inhibiting while breathing freely that finally forms a film, possess appropriate moisture content in the air to ensure respiration,
The adhesion structure that the material is formed between fiber enhances the mechanical property of tunica fibrosa, while enhancing strainability, but not
Gas permeability is influenced, which reaches 15MPa, elongation reaches 30%, is conducive to the practical application of material, modified
Tunica fibrosa maximum diameter of hole is 1.5 μm, and resistant to water penetration pressure reaches 55kPa, and there is the repellency to inoganic solids, rate of perviousness to reach
10kg/m·m·24h；Thicker, gas porosity is more compared to conventional carbon fiber higher, fiber for the carbon fiber of special preparation, degree of saturation
It is high, it is important that water imbibition is relatively poor, will not actively adsorb excessive dissociating water molecule, ensure that the transmitance of water, simultaneously also
Due to crude fibre and loose presence, the small solid particle that minority has passed through cladding material is adsorbed by active（It is most of to be kept off
Outside）With most of microorganism（Such as bacterium or some fungi）；The electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning of inner layer material, compared to city
Other electrospun materials that the common cotton material in face or the prior art are of little use have several special characteristics：Cracking resistance, moisture-inhibiting,
Wear-resisting, heat preservation, soft texture, further improve service life, comfort level and the serious forgiveness of the present invention.The compound work of trilaminate material
With having that inoganic solids are not affine, breathable moisture permeability is good, it is strong actively to adsorb deleterious particle, filter capacity, comfort level is good, durable
Multiple excellent specific properties such as wear-resisting.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1
A kind of composite environmental-friendly material of anti-toxic gas, including it is outer, in, it is three layers interior, wherein outer layer is to use poly- amino first
Acid esters, carboxyl are polymerized；Middle level is woven using carbon fiber；Internal layer is made of the polyethylene oxide modified spinning of electrostatic.
The manufacturing method of the composite environmental-friendly material of above-mentioned anti-toxic gas, includes the following steps：
1）Raw material prepare
1. preparing aqueous polyurethane lotion, acetum（Acetic acid contains carboxyl）;
2. preparing polyacrylonitrile resin, which uses ammonia, propane and acrylonitrile to be formed for polymerizable raw material；
3. preparing ethylene oxide solution, PVA solution；
2）The preparation of polyurethanes and carboxyl
1. being modified processing to aqueous polyurethane lotion using carboxyl solution；
2. carrying out film process to modified solution, that is, obtain required cladding material；
3）The preparation of carbon fiber
1. polyacrylonitrile resin is dissolved in the intermixture of polyethylene glycol oxide and pure water, polyethylene glycol oxide in the intermixture
Volume ratio with pure water is 2.5：7, obtain spinning solution；
2. 1. spinning solution that step is obtained is sprayed by the spray orifice pressurization of aperture 0.08mm in coagulating bath, pressure limit
For 1.5bar, nozzle is 15mm with surface of coagulation bath distance, obtains polyacrylonitrile fibril；
3. 2. polyacrylonitrile fibril that step obtains is pre-oxidized by standard method, pre-oxidized fibers are obtained；
4. 3. pre-oxidized fibers that step is obtained carry out charing process, the charing process is divided into preceding charing process with after
Charing process, 750 DEG C, processing time 10min of preceding charing process temperature, 1500 DEG C of rear charing process temperature, processing time 8min
Obtain carbon fiber；
5. 4. carbon fiber that step obtains is set carry out graphitization processing, i.e., it is positioned under 2400 DEG C of environment, is protected
Warm 8s；
6. receiving silk, required carbon fiber is obtained；
7. 6. carbon fiber that step obtains is woven into layer cloth, that is, obtain required middle layer material；
4）The preparation of electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning
1. ethylene oxide solution and PVA solution are pressed Solute mass 7:3 ratio mixing, obtains mixed solution；
2. using receiving away from 45cm, spinning voltage 62KV, 60 DEG C of solution temperature technological parameter, in 15 DEG C of temperature, relatively
1. mixed solution that step obtains is sprayed by capillary and taylor cone spout to Rotation of receiver screen in the environment of humidity 70%
On, until 2 μm of jet thickness obtains inner layer material made of required electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning；
5）Final molding
1. the cladding material obtained, middle layer material and inner layer material are woven into compound fabric successively by inside and outside sequence；
2. standing 15min under 70 DEG C of dry environment, that is, obtain the composite environmental-friendly material of required anti-toxic gas.
Embodiment 2
With embodiment 1, difference place is in manufacturing method for structure and most of method：
1）Raw material prepare
1. preparing aqueous polyurethane lotion, amino acid solution（Amino acid contains carboxyl）;
3）The preparation of carbon fiber
1. the volume ratio of polyethylene glycol oxide and pure water is 3：7；
2. 1. spinning solution that step is obtained is sprayed by the spray orifice pressurization of aperture 0.05mm in coagulating bath, pressure limit
For 2bar, nozzle is 10mm with surface of coagulation bath distance, obtains polyacrylonitrile fibril；
3. 2. polyacrylonitrile fibril that step obtains is pre-oxidized by standard method, pre-oxidized fibers are obtained；
4. 3. pre-oxidized fibers that step is obtained carry out charing process, the charing process is divided into preceding charing process with after
Charing process, 800 DEG C, processing time 5min of preceding charing process temperature, 1600 DEG C of rear charing process temperature, processing time, 5min was obtained
Obtain carbon fiber；
5. 4. carbon fiber that step obtains is set carry out graphitization processing, i.e., it is positioned under 2500 DEG C of environment, is protected
Warm 2s；
4）The preparation of electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning
2. using receiving away from 42cm, spinning voltage 65KV, 50 DEG C of solution temperature technological parameter, in 30 DEG C of temperature, relatively
1. mixed solution that step obtains is sprayed by capillary and taylor cone spout to Rotation of receiver screen in the environment of humidity 40%
On, until 10 μm of jet thickness obtains inner layer material made of required electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning；
5）Final molding
1. the cladding material obtained, middle layer material and inner layer material are woven into compound fabric successively by inside and outside sequence；
2. standing 20min under 60 DEG C of dry environment, that is, obtain the composite environmental-friendly material of required anti-toxic gas.
The present invention air penetrability about 500mm/s, total rate of perviousness is about 8kg/mm24h, have anti-inorganic solid particles,
Adsorb multiple excellent specific properties such as deleterious particle, strong, the good, durable wear-resistant of comfort level of filter capacity.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, only for enabling professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using this
Invention.Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, institute herein
The General Principle of definition can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore,
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to special with principles disclosed herein and novelty
The consistent widest range of point.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of composite environmental-friendly material of anti-toxic gas, it is characterised in that：Including it is outer, in, it is three layers interior, wherein outer layer is to adopt
It is polymerized with polyurethanes, carboxyl；Middle level is woven using carbon fiber；Internal layer uses the polyethylene oxide modified spinning of electrostatic
It is made；
The manufacturing method of the composite environmental-friendly material of the anti-toxic gas, includes the following steps：
1）Raw material prepare
1. preparing aqueous polyurethane lotion, carboxyl solution;
2. preparing polyacrylonitrile resin, which uses ammonia, propane and acrylonitrile to be formed for polymerizable raw material；
3. preparing ethylene oxide solution, PVA solution；
2）The preparation of polyurethanes and carboxyl
1. being modified processing to aqueous polyurethane lotion using carboxyl solution；
2. carrying out film process to modified solution, that is, obtain required cladding material；
3）The preparation of carbon fiber
1. polyacrylonitrile resin is dissolved in the intermixture of polyethylene glycol oxide and pure water, in the intermixture polyethylene glycol oxide with it is pure
The volume ratio of water purification is 2.5-3：7, obtain spinning solution；
2. 1. spinning solution that step is obtained is sprayed by the spray orifice pressurization of aperture 0.05mm-0.08mm in coagulating bath, pressure
Ranging from 1.5bar-2bar, nozzle are 10mm-15mm with surface of coagulation bath distance, obtain polyacrylonitrile fibril；
3. 2. polyacrylonitrile fibril that step obtains is pre-oxidized by standard method, pre-oxidized fibers are obtained；
4. 3. pre-oxidized fibers that step is obtained carry out charing process, the charing process is divided into preceding charing process and rear charing
Processing, 750 DEG C -800 DEG C of preceding charing process temperature, processing time 5min -10min, 1500 DEG C -1600 of rear charing process temperature
DEG C, processing time 5min -8min obtains carbon fiber；
5. 4. carbon fiber that step obtains is set carry out graphitization processing, i.e., it is positioned under 2400 DEG C of -2500 DEG C of environment,
Keep the temperature 8s-12s；
6. receiving silk, required carbon fiber is obtained；
7. 6. carbon fiber that step obtains is woven into layer cloth, that is, obtain required middle layer material；
4）The preparation of electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning
1. ethylene oxide solution and PVA solution are pressed Solute mass 7:3 ratio mixing, obtains mixed solution；
2. using receiving away from 42cm-45cm, spinning voltage 62KV-65KV, 50 DEG C -60 DEG C of solution temperature technological parameter, in temperature
15 DEG C -30 DEG C are spent, the mixed solution for 1. obtaining step in the environment of relative humidity 40%-70% passes through capillary and taylor cone sprays
In mouth injection to Rotation of receiver screen, until 2 μm -10 μm of jet thickness obtains internal layer made of required electrostatic polyethylene glycol oxide spinning
Material；
5）Final molding
1. the cladding material obtained, middle layer material and inner layer material are woven into compound fabric successively by inside and outside sequence；
2. standing 15min-20min under 60 DEG C -70 DEG C of dry environment, that is, obtain the composite environmental-friendly material of required anti-toxic gas
Material.
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| CN201710039614.4A CN107043981B (en) | 2017-01-17 | 2017-01-17 | A kind of the composite environmental-friendly material and its manufacturing method of anti-toxic gas |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710039614.4A CN107043981B (en) | 2017-01-17 | 2017-01-17 | A kind of the composite environmental-friendly material and its manufacturing method of anti-toxic gas |
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| CN107043981A CN107043981A (en) | 2017-08-15 |
| CN107043981B true CN107043981B (en) | 2018-07-31 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2617412Y (en) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-05-26 | 魏占海 | Medical high-efficient mask |
| CN101564914B (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2011-06-22 | 东华大学 | Preparation method of nanometer cobweb/ nanometer fiber composite protective material |
| US20140221553A1 (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-07 | Holland Composites Innovation B.V. | Composite materials and shaped articles |
| CN203089554U (en) * | 2013-02-25 | 2013-07-31 | 苏州艾美医疗用品有限公司 | Composite-type medical non-woven fabric water-absorbing pad |
| CN203694449U (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-07-09 | 湖北华强科技有限责任公司 | Protection head cover used for anti-gas mask |
| CN105457081B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-10-09 | 华南理工大学 | It is a kind of can water-soluble abandonment the nontoxic dressing of wide spectrum and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20200102 Address after: 225800, Jiangsu, Yangzhou province Baoying county Wang Hong Kong Industrial Park Patentee after: Yangzhou Baoda Rubber and Plastic Products Co., Ltd. Address before: 350299 Building 1, No.3, Rihui community, Wuhang street, Changle City, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province Patentee before: Fuzhou Wei Da Da Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. |