CN107043224A - Foam glass-SiO2Method for producing aerogels - Google Patents

Foam glass-SiO2Method for producing aerogels Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107043224A
CN107043224A CN201710197888.6A CN201710197888A CN107043224A CN 107043224 A CN107043224 A CN 107043224A CN 201710197888 A CN201710197888 A CN 201710197888A CN 107043224 A CN107043224 A CN 107043224A
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foam glass
preparation
sio
ethanol
aerogel
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CN201710197888.6A
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Inventor
沈晓冬
刘思佳
崔升
陈星洋
王立群
毛圣楠
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03CCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C23/00Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments
    • C03C23/0095Solution impregnating; Solution doping; Molecular stuffing, e.g. of porous glass

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Silicon Compounds (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to foam glass-SiO2A preparation method of aerogel. The invention uses the vacuum impregnation process to fully compound the aerogel and the hard porous foam glass, thereby not only overcoming the defects of no strength and no bearing of aerogel materials, but also further improving the heat insulation performance of the foam glass materials, and being used as high-performance external wall heat insulation materials and kiln heat insulation structures. The foam glass-SiO prepared2The density of the aerogel thermal insulation material is 0.23-0.52 g/cm2The compression strength is 0.6-1.2 MPa, and the normal-temperature thermal conductivity is 0.042-0.068 W.m‑1·K‑1In the meantime. The preparation method comprises the steps of taking alkaline silica sol as a precursor, compounding the precursor with a foam ceramic matrix by using a vacuum impregnation method after acidic hydrolysis, soaking the precursor in ethanol for several days after gelation, and finally drying. The preparation method has the advantages of simple and cheap materials, simple process and easy large-scale production.

Description

A kind of foam glass-SiO2The preparation method of aeroge
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation technology field of nano-porous materials, and in particular to a kind of high temperature resistant, the bubble of lower thermal conductivity Foam glass-SiO2The preparation method of aeroge.
Background technology
SiO2Aeroge is a kind of solid material with three-D nano-porous network structure, and the material has high-ratio surface The characteristics of product, high porosity, low-density and lower thermal conductivity, it is widely used in heat-insulation and heat-preservation field.Because its fragility is larger, by force Spend it is low, it is general to carry out compound fiber reinforced flexible SiO being made with it using Nomex2Aeroge, but the flexible SiO2Aeroge Felt does not possess resistance to compression and flexural capacity, it is impossible in certain special cases as the direct load-bearing of structural material.Foam glass is logical Solid waste material is made by high temperature foaming, has porosity height, density low and the low feature of thermal conductivity, and with certain anti- Compressive Strength, can be used as the insulation material and materials for wall of building and industrial equipment.
The content of the invention
A kind of foam glass-SiO is provided the invention aims to improve the deficiencies in the prior art2The system of aeroge Preparation Method.
The technical scheme is that:Using foam glass as matrix, with reference to vacuum impregnation technique, foam glass is prepared Glass composite S iO2Aerogel heat-insulating material.SiO2Aeroge is sufficient filling with its hole, effectively improves the heat-insulated effect of matrix material Really, while making aeroge possess resistance to compression folding ability, it can be used in some specific structures and make load-bearing material.The material can carry out machinery Processing, various shaped pieces are processed to adapt to different use environment requirements.
The present invention concrete technical scheme be:A kind of foam glass-SiO2The preparation method of aeroge, its specific steps is such as Under:
(1) preparation of colloidal sol
Alkaline silica sol, absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed and added into container in proportion, stirred after adding acid reagent regulation pH value Certain time, stir to form SiO2Colloidal sol;
(2) vacuum impregnation technology composite foam glass
Rigid foam glass material is placed in mould or container, by obtained SiO in step (1)2Colloidal sol is poured into In container, not have matrix material to be defined, container is put into vacuum drying chamber, regulation is waited to coagulate to steady temperature after vacuumizing Glue;
(3) aging of gel
After after sample gel in step (2), its immersion in ethanol, is entered after the external wet gel of foam glass-based is peeled off Row aging and solvent replacement process;
(4) drying process
Foam glass after step (3) aging is combined wet gel processing is dried, so as to obtain light foam glass Glass-SiO2Aerogel material.
The pH value of alkaline silica sol used in preferred steps (1) is 8~10, and quality solid content is 28%~33%.
Acid reagent described in preferred steps (1) is HCl, HNO3Or H2SO4Ethanol solution in one kind;Acidity examination The concentration of agent is between 1mol/L~5mol/L.
Ludox and absolute ethyl alcohol volume ratio are 1 in preferred steps (1):(0.5~2);PH is adjusted after adding acid reagent To 6~7,0.5~1h of mixing time.
The rigid foam glass material porosity used in preferred steps (2) is between 50%~85%, and density exists 0.20~0.46g/cm3Between.
Vacuum drying chamber temperature setting described in preferred steps (2) is 20 DEG C~50 DEG C;Vacuum is set to as 10~ 30KPa。
Soak time is 48~72 hours in preferred steps (3);Solvent is replaced into changes an ethanol every 10~12h.
Drying means described in preferred steps (4) is conventional constant pressure and dry, freeze-drying, CO2Supercritical drying or One kind in ethanol supercritical drying.
Above-mentioned constant pressure and dry, need to carry out immersion treatment, so by the wet gel after aging in the ethanol solution of n-hexane Spontaneously dry 24h or so at normal temperatures afterwards, dried in 50 DEG C~60 DEG C baking ovens.
Above-mentioned freeze-drying need to use liquid nitrogen that wet gel is carried out into quenching, then be less than 100Pa's in vacuum Dried in freeze drier.
Above-mentioned supercritical drying mode is CO2Or one kind in ethanol supercritical drying;Wherein ethanol supercritical drying Drying temperature be 260~280 DEG C, pressure be 8~12MPa, 2~3h of extraction time;CO2The drying temperature of supercritical drying is 40~50 DEG C, pressure is 10~12MPa, 8~16h of extraction time.
Foam glass-SiO obtained by the present invention2The density of aerogel material is 0.23~0.52g/cm3, compression strength 0.60~1.20MPa, normal temperature thermal conductivity factor is in 0.042~0.086Wm-1·K-1Between.
Beneficial effect:
(1) it is compared to traditional fiber needled felt composite S iO2Aeroge sample, the foam glass that the present invention is prepared Glass composite aerogel sample excellent in mechanical performance, there is certain compression strength, available for the direct load-bearing of structural material.
(2) it is compared to foam cement, the hard insulating material such as calcium silicate board with microporous, foam glass/SiO prepared by the present invention2 Aerogel material has more preferable heat-proof quality, and thermal conductivity is lower.
(3) vacuum impregnation technique is used, aeroge is sufficient filling with the pore structure of foamed ceramics, further improves material Expect effect of heat insulation, called for building with kiln field of thermal insulation, response energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is prepared foam glass-SiO in example 12The photo in kind and section cutaway view of aerogel heat-insulating material Piece;Wherein a is photo in kind, and b is that section splits picture;
Fig. 2 is prepared foam glass-SiO in example 22The high resolution scanning Electronic Speculum of aerogel heat-insulating material is shone Piece;
Fig. 3 is prepared sample SiO in example 32The BET pore-size distribution figure lines of aerogel component.
Embodiment
With reference to example, the invention will be further described, but protection domain is not limited to this.
Example 1
It is 8 that pH value is added in beaker, and solid content is 31.5% alkaline silica sol 158ml, absolute ethyl alcohol 80ml, stirring 2mol/LH is added under state2SO4Ethanol solution adjust to pH be 6, continue stir 1h after form SiO2Colloidal sol is stand-by.By gas Porosity 85%, density are 0.21g/cm3Foam glass matrix be put into mould container, and pour into what is just prepared thereto SiO2Colloidal sol, not have matrix material to be defined.Container is put into vacuum drying chamber, 40 DEG C is adjusted the temperature to, is evacuated down to 20KPa.After treating sample gel, by SiO unnecessary outside matrix2Gel soaks in ethanol after peeling off, and carries out aging and solvent Replacement process, soak time 48h, wherein changing an ethanol Ageing solution per 10h.Plural gel is put into reactor and carries out ethanol Supercritical drying, drying temperature is set to 260 DEG C, after temperature is gone up, and pressure maintains state under 12MPa, constant temperature and pressure Lower maintenance 3h, then remains a constant speed in 30min and to release gas, waits temperature of reaction kettle to take out container after falling, is steeped Foam glass/SiO2Aerogel heat-insulating material.Prepared density of material is 0.23g/cm3, compression strength is 0.62MPa, normal temperature heat Conductance is 0.042Wm-1·K-1
Fig. 1 is foam glass-SiO2Aerogel material pictorial diagram and section amplification figure, are clearly visible SiO2Aeroge with Foam glass matrix is fully combined, and is uniformly filled in the foaming pore structure of matrix, for material convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection play compared with Good iris action.
Example 2
It is 10 that pH value is added in beaker, and solid content is 28% alkaline silica sol 63ml, absolute ethyl alcohol 125ml, stirring 1mol/LHNO is added under state3Ethanol solution adjust to pH be 7, continue stir 0.5h after form SiO2Colloidal sol is stand-by.Will The porosity 50%, density are 0.46g/cm3Foam glass matrix be put into mould container, and pour into what is just prepared thereto SiO2Colloidal sol, not have matrix material to be defined.Container is put into vacuum drying chamber, 20 DEG C is adjusted the temperature to, is evacuated down to 10KPa.After treating sample gel, by SiO unnecessary outside matrix2Gel soaks in ethanol after peeling off, and carries out aging and solvent Replacement process, soak time 60h, wherein changing an ethanol Ageing solution per 12h.Plural gel is put into reactor and carries out CO2 Supercritical drying, drying temperature is set to constant pressure 10MPa under 40 DEG C, certain outgassing rate and maintains 8h, closes air inlet and will react In kettle after pressure release, foam glass/SiO is obtained2Aeroge.Prepared density of material is 0.52g/cm3, compression strength is 1.20MPa, normal temperature thermal conductivity is 0.086Wm-1·K-1
Fig. 2 is prepared foam glass-SiO2The high resolution scanning electromicroscopic photograph of aerogel composite, it can be seen that SiO2Aeroge is uniform porous material, sticks agglomeration in the absence of bulky grain.
Example 3
It is 9 that pH value is added in beaker, and solid content is 33% alkaline silica sol 76ml, absolute ethyl alcohol 100ml, stirs shape It is 7 that addition 4mol/LHCl ethanol solution, which is adjusted to pH, under state, continues to form SiO after stirring 1h2Colloidal sol is stand-by.By stomata Rate 76%, density are 0.30g/cm3Foam glass matrix be put into mould container, and pour into the SiO just prepared thereto2 Colloidal sol, not have matrix material to be defined.Container is put into vacuum drying chamber, 50 DEG C is adjusted the temperature to, is evacuated down to 30KPa. After treating sample gel, by SiO unnecessary outside matrix2Gel soaks in ethanol after peeling off, and carries out aging and solvent is transposed Journey, soak time 72h, wherein changing an ethanol Ageing solution per 11h.Plural gel is put into reactor and carries out Ethanol supercritical Dry, drying temperature is set to 280 DEG C, after temperature is gone up, and pressure is maintained and maintained under 10MPa, constant temperature and pressure under state 2h, then remains a constant speed in 30min and to release gas, waits temperature of reaction kettle to take out container after falling, obtain foam glass/ SiO2Aeroge.Prepared density of material is 0.38g/cm3, compression strength is 0.89MPa, and normal temperature thermal conductivity is 0.053W m-1·K-1
Fig. 3 is SiO in prepared material2The BET pore-size distribution figure lines of aerogel component, sample aperture is distributed in 1-80nm In the range of, it is concentrated mainly within 10nm, belongs to typical mesoporous material.Aerogel component is sufficient filling with the hair in matrix material In abscess, limit heat motion of gas molecules to improve the effect of heat insulation of composite by its nano-pore.
Example 4
It is 8 that pH value is added in beaker, and solid content is 29% alkaline silica sol 110ml, absolute ethyl alcohol 76ml, stirs shape 5mol/LHNO is added under state3Ethanol solution adjust to pH be 7, continue stir 1h after form SiO2Colloidal sol is stand-by.By stomata Rate 62%, density are 0.38g/cm3Foam glass matrix be put into mould container, and pour into the SiO just prepared thereto2 Colloidal sol, not have matrix material to be defined.Container is put into vacuum drying chamber, 30 DEG C is adjusted the temperature to, is evacuated down to 15KPa. After treating sample gel, by SiO unnecessary outside matrix2Gel soaks in ethanol after peeling off, and carries out aging and solvent is transposed Journey, soak time 48h, wherein changing an ethanol Ageing solution per 12h.Compound wet gel is subjected to quenching using liquid nitrogen, so 24h is dried in 50Pa freeze drier afterwards, foam glass/SiO is obtained2Aeroge.Prepared density of material is 0.43g/cm3, compression strength is 1.04MPa, and normal temperature thermal conductivity is 0.069Wm-1·K-1
Example 5
It is 8 that pH value is added in beaker, and solid content is 30% alkaline silica sol 80ml, absolute ethyl alcohol 80ml, stirs shape 3mol/LH is added under state2SO4Ethanol solution adjust to pH be 6, continue stir 0.5h after form SiO2Colloidal sol is stand-by.By gas Porosity 80%, density are 0.24g/cm3Foam glass matrix be put into mould container, and pour into what is just prepared thereto SiO2Colloidal sol, not have matrix material to be defined.Container is put into vacuum drying chamber, 20 DEG C is adjusted the temperature to, is evacuated down to 10KPa.After treating sample gel, by SiO unnecessary outside matrix2Gel soaks in ethanol after peeling off, and carries out aging and solvent Replacement process, soak time 72h, wherein changing an ethanol Ageing solution per 12h.By compound wet gel in the mixed of n-hexane and ethanol Close in solution and soak 48 hours, spontaneously dry 24h after being washed using ethanol at normal temperatures, 12h is finally dried in 60 DEG C of baking ovens, Obtain foam glass/SiO2Aeroge.Prepared density of material is 0.32g/cm3, compression strength is 0.70MPa, normal temperature thermal conductivity Rate is 0.052Wm-1·K-1

Claims (9)

1. a kind of foam glass-SiO2The preparation method of aeroge, it is comprised the following steps that:
(1) preparation of colloidal sol
Alkaline silica sol, absolute ethyl alcohol are mixed and added into container in proportion, stir certain after adding acid reagent regulation pH value Time, stir to form SiO2Colloidal sol;
(2) vacuum impregnation technology composite foam glass
Rigid foam glass material is placed in mould or container, by obtained SiO in step (1)2Colloidal sol pours into container In, container is put into vacuum drying chamber, regulation treats gel to steady temperature after vacuumizing;
(3) aging of gel
After after sample gel in step (2), being soaked in ethanol, aging and solvent replacement process are carried out;
(4) drying process
By after step (3) aging foam glass be combined wet gel processing is dried so that obtain light foam glass- SiO2Aerogel material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pH value of the alkaline silica sol used in step (1) For 8~10, quality solid content is 28%~33%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the acid reagent described in step (1) is HCl, HNO3 Or H2SO4Ethanol solution in one kind;The concentration of acid reagent is between 1mol/L~5mol/L.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Ludox is with absolute ethyl alcohol volume ratio in step (1) 1:(0.5~2);Add and pH to 6~7,0.5~1h of mixing time are adjusted after acid reagent.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the rigid foam glass material used in step (2) The porosity is between 50%~85%, and density is in 0.20~0.46g/cm3Between.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vacuum drying chamber temperature setting described in step (2) For 20 DEG C~50 DEG C;Vacuum is set to as 10~30KPa.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that soak time is 48~72 hours in step (3);It is molten Agent is replaced into changes an ethanol every 10~12h.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the drying means described in step (4) is dry for normal pressure Dry, freeze-drying, CO2One kind in supercritical drying and ethanol supercritical drying.
9. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that obtained foam glass-SiO2Aerogel material Density is 0.23~0.52g/cm3, 0.60~1.20MPa of compression strength, normal temperature thermal conductivity factor is in 0.042~0.086Wm-1· K-1Between.
CN201710197888.6A 2017-03-29 2017-03-29 Foam glass-SiO2Method for producing aerogels Pending CN107043224A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107746290A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-02 南京工业大学 Foamed cement reinforced SiO2‑TiO2Preparation method of composite aerogel material
CN108892423A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-11-27 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of inorganic aerogels fill the preparation method of the composite heat-insulated material of orderly porous aluminum oxide template
CN111517747A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-08-11 浙江岩谷科技有限公司 Preparation method of pre-oxidized fiber felt-silica aerogel heat-insulation composite material
CN112551506A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-03-26 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 Antioxidant carbon aerogel composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113003947A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-22 南京工业大学 Preparation method of silicon-based aerogel-foam material heat insulation composite material

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CN102351494A (en) * 2011-07-20 2012-02-15 厦门大学 Method for preparing foam material reinforced silica aerogel composite material
CN104261797A (en) * 2014-09-02 2015-01-07 南京工业大学 Glass fiber reinforced TiO2-SiO2Preparation method of composite aerogel heat insulation material
CN104761235A (en) * 2015-03-30 2015-07-08 南京工业大学 Low temperature resistant glass fiber reinforced SiO2Preparation method of aerogel composite material
CN106316135A (en) * 2016-08-01 2017-01-11 吉林建筑大学 Silica aerogel-filled open-cell foam glass particle and manufacturing method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101913835A (en) * 2010-08-06 2010-12-15 华南理工大学 Foamed ceramic reinforcing fiber aerogel insulating material and preparation method thereof
CN102351494A (en) * 2011-07-20 2012-02-15 厦门大学 Method for preparing foam material reinforced silica aerogel composite material
CN104261797A (en) * 2014-09-02 2015-01-07 南京工业大学 Glass fiber reinforced TiO2-SiO2Preparation method of composite aerogel heat insulation material
CN104761235A (en) * 2015-03-30 2015-07-08 南京工业大学 Low temperature resistant glass fiber reinforced SiO2Preparation method of aerogel composite material
CN106316135A (en) * 2016-08-01 2017-01-11 吉林建筑大学 Silica aerogel-filled open-cell foam glass particle and manufacturing method thereof

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107746290A (en) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-02 南京工业大学 Foamed cement reinforced SiO2‑TiO2Preparation method of composite aerogel material
CN108892423A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-11-27 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of inorganic aerogels fill the preparation method of the composite heat-insulated material of orderly porous aluminum oxide template
CN111517747A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-08-11 浙江岩谷科技有限公司 Preparation method of pre-oxidized fiber felt-silica aerogel heat-insulation composite material
CN112551506A (en) * 2020-12-24 2021-03-26 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 Antioxidant carbon aerogel composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN112551506B (en) * 2020-12-24 2022-05-17 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 Antioxidant carbon aerogel composite material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113003947A (en) * 2021-03-24 2021-06-22 南京工业大学 Preparation method of silicon-based aerogel-foam material heat insulation composite material

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Application publication date: 20170815