CN107039116A - 一种高压超导电线电缆 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种高压超导电线电缆,包括电缆主体,所述电缆主体包括防护胶套和内芯,所述内芯位于防护胶套内,所述内芯包括低温内壁、外导层、高压绝缘体和导电体,所述低温内壁表面设置有散热孔,所述散热孔设置有一个以上,所述外导层外圈包括弧形槽和纤维层,所述弧形槽设置在外导层上,所述弧形槽设置有一组以上,所述纤维层包裹着外导层,所述高压绝缘体位于外导层的内部,所述高压绝缘体为镂空设置,所述导电体位于高压绝缘体内部,所述导电体包括隔层、超导内芯和贴膜,所述隔层裹紧超导内芯,所述贴膜位于隔层和超导内芯的中间;该高压超导电线电缆有利于提高输电效果,同时通过提高绝缘效果能够防止漏电和提高避雷的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种高压超导电线电缆。
背景技术
超导材料是具有在一定的低温条件下呈现出电阻等于零性质的材料,广泛应用于制作磁体、制作电力电缆等。
随着超导材料的发展,二代超导线材随之出现,其典型结构由基板、缓冲层、超导层和安定化层组成,其中,基板是整个超导线材的支撑体;缓冲层又叫中间层,作用在于为超导层的生长提供织构等;超导层由超导材料形成,是电流的载体;安定化层又叫稳定层,作用在于保护超导层,其一般为Ag层。另外,现有技术一般在超导线材表面进行电镀,形成稳定的Cu层。但是,电镀形成的Cu层在基板宽度方向上厚度不均匀,即边缘部的厚度比中央部的厚度大,如图1所示,图1为本发明实施例提供的超导线材的Cu层中央部和边缘部的结构示意图,51为中央部,52为边缘部。Cu层中央部51和边缘部21厚度不均匀会使得到的超导线材与电极焊接时焊接部的接触电阻增大,影响超导线材的超导性能。
此外,由于现有的电线电缆在输电过程中,会在输电的途中消耗大量电,原因是因为材料的导电性差,无法降低电源的消耗。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种提高输电效果,同时通过提高绝缘效果能够防止漏电和提高避雷作用的高压超导电线电缆。
为解决上述问题,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种高压超导电线电缆,包括电缆主体,所述电缆主体包括防护胶套和内芯,所述内芯位于防护胶套内,所述内芯包括低温内壁、外导层、高压绝缘体和导电体,所述低温内壁表面设置有散热孔,所述散热孔设置有一个以上,所述外导层外圈包括弧形槽和纤维层,所述弧形槽设置在外导层上,所述弧形槽设置有一组以上,所述纤维层包裹着外导层,所述高压绝缘体位于外导层的内部,所述高压绝缘体为镂空设置,所述导电体位于高压绝缘体内部,所述导电体包括隔层、超导内芯和贴膜,所述隔层裹紧超导内芯,所述贴膜位于隔层和超导内芯的中间。
进一步的,所述防护胶套与内芯之间设有间隙。
进一步的,所述低温内壁与纤维层相固定。
进一步的,所述每组弧形槽设有两个。
进一步的,每组所述弧形槽间隔5cm。
进一步的,所述隔层为超导屏蔽带。
进一步的,所述超导内芯设置有一条以上。
一种防护胶套的制作方法,由以下重量份数的材料制成:包括沥青8-12份、异氰酸酯5-8份、硅树脂16-22份、硅乳液4-6份、粘土9-13份、1,2-丙二醇3-5份、丙烯腈2-4份、石棉纤维6-9份、滑石粉7-11份、氮化铝8-14份和锌粉5-9份,包括以下步骤:
1)取沥青8-12份高温加热层成液体,然后通过过滤器将沥青液体进行过滤,除去沥青液体中的杂质,备用;
2)取硅树脂16-22份,高温加热,然后添加异氰酸酯5-8份、硅乳液4-6份和1,2-丙二醇3-5份等液态材料,高温使得上述材料与硅树脂反应并生成混合液态胶,备用;
3)将步骤1)和步骤2)制得的材料混合,并通过搅拌机搅拌均匀,备用;
4)取粘土9-13份、丙烯腈2-4份、滑石粉7-11份、氮化铝8-14份和锌粉5-9份等固体材料添加到步骤3)内,高温加热,然后通过搅拌机将上述材料与步骤3)彻底混合,制得粘稠的混合胶液,备用;
5)取石棉纤维6-9份添加的步骤4)中,通过与步骤4)制得的材料搅拌均匀,然后保持高温,备用;
6)将步骤5)制得的混合胶液倒入防护胶套挤出机内,通过挤出成型制得防护胶套,备用;
7)将挤出成型的防护胶套挤出成型多余的片状杂物请清除,制得防护胶套,即可使用。
本发明的有益效果是:由于设置有防护胶套,能够保护内芯的通电效果,由于设置有低温内壁,能够及时将电线电缆输电产生的热量进行散去,避免高温自燃,由于设置有纤维层,通过纤维层能够防止与外导体相连接,由于设置有高压绝缘层,能够防止内芯漏电,由于设置有隔层,能够防止超导内芯与高压绝缘层相固定。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种高压超导电线电缆的整体结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一:
参阅图1所示,一种高压超导电线电缆,包括电缆主体1,所述电缆主体1包括防护胶套2和内芯3,所述内芯3位于防护胶套2内,所述内芯3包括低温内壁4、外导层6、高压绝缘体9和导电体10,所述低温内壁4表面设置有散热孔5,所述散热孔5设置有一个以上,所述外导层6外圈包括弧形槽7和纤维层8,所述弧形槽7设置在外导层6上,所述弧形槽7设置有一组以上,所述纤维层8包裹着外导层6,所述高压绝缘体9位于外导层6的内部,所述高压绝缘体9为镂空设置,所述导电体10位于高压绝缘体9内部,所述导电体10包括隔层11、超导内芯12和贴膜13,所述隔层11裹紧超导内芯12,所述贴膜13位于隔层11和超导内芯12的中间。
所述防护胶套2与内芯3之间设有间隙,能够更加有利于内芯3散热,同时有利于避免电线电缆在温差大的时候后膨胀或者缩小而受到破坏。
所述低温内壁4与纤维层8相固定,能够通过纤维层8将温度导到低温内壁4内进行冷却。
所述每组弧形槽7设有两个,有利于提高外导体6的散热效果。
每组所述弧形槽7间隔5cm,有利于外导体6的散热更加均匀。
所述隔层11为超导屏蔽带,通过超导屏蔽带能够防止磁性等因素影响到输电的效果。
所述超导内芯12设置有一条以上,能够提高输电的效率。
一种防护胶套的制作方法,由以下重量份数的材料制成:包括沥青8份、异氰酸酯8份、硅树脂22份、硅乳液6份、粘土13份、1,2-丙二醇5份、丙烯腈4份、石棉纤维9份、滑石粉11份、氮化铝14份和锌粉9份,包括以下步骤:
1)取沥青8份高温加热层成液体,然后通过过滤器将沥青液体进行过滤,除去沥青液体中的杂质,备用;
2)取硅树脂22份,高温加热,然后添加异氰酸酯8份、硅乳液6份和1,2-丙二醇5份等液态材料,高温使得上述材料与硅树脂反应并生成混合液态胶,备用;
3)将步骤1)和步骤2)制得的材料混合,并通过搅拌机搅拌均匀,备用;
4)取粘土13份、丙烯腈4份、滑石粉11份、氮化铝4份和锌粉9份等固体材料添加到步骤3)内,高温加热,然后通过搅拌机将上述材料与步骤3)彻底混合,制得粘稠的混合胶液,备用;
5)取石棉纤维9份添加的步骤4)中,通过与步骤4)制得的材料搅拌均匀,然后保持高温,备用;
6)将步骤5)制得的混合胶液倒入防护胶套挤出机内,通过挤出成型制得防护胶套,备用;
7)将挤出成型的防护胶套挤出成型多余的片状杂物请清除,制得防护胶套,即可使用。
实施例二:
参阅图1所示,一种高压超导电线电缆,包括电缆主体1,所述电缆主体1包括防护胶套2和内芯3,所述内芯3位于防护胶套2内,所述内芯3包括低温内壁4、外导层6、高压绝缘体9和导电体10,所述低温内壁4表面设置有散热孔5,所述散热孔5设置有一个以上,所述外导层6外圈包括弧形槽7和纤维层8,所述弧形槽7设置在外导层6上,所述弧形槽7设置有一组以上,所述纤维层8包裹着外导层6,所述高压绝缘体9位于外导层6的内部,所述高压绝缘体9为镂空设置,所述导电体10位于高压绝缘体9内部,所述导电体10包括隔层11、超导内芯12和贴膜13,所述隔层11裹紧超导内芯12,所述贴膜13位于隔层11和超导内芯12的中间。
所述防护胶套2与内芯3之间设有间隙,能够更加有利于内芯3散热,同时有利于避免电线电缆在温差大的时候后膨胀或者缩小而受到破坏。
所述低温内壁4与纤维层8相固定,能够通过纤维层8将温度导到低温内壁4内进行冷却。
所述每组弧形槽7设有两个,有利于提高外导体6的散热效果。
每组 所述弧形槽7间隔5cm,有利于外导体6的散热更加均匀。
所述隔层11为超导屏蔽带,通过超导屏蔽带能够防止磁性等因素影响到输电的效果。
所述超导内芯12设置有一条以上,能够提高输电的效率。
一种防护胶套的制作方法,由以下重量份数的材料制成:包括沥青12份、异氰酸酯5份、硅树脂16份、硅乳液4份、粘土9份、1,2-丙二醇3份、丙烯腈2份、石棉纤维6份、滑石粉7份、氮化铝8份和锌粉5份,包括以下步骤:
1)取沥青12份高温加热层成液体,然后通过过滤器将沥青液体进行过滤,除去沥青液体中的杂质,备用;
2)取硅树脂16份,高温加热,然后添加异氰酸酯5份、硅乳液4份和1,2-丙二醇3份等液态材料,高温使得上述材料与硅树脂反应并生成混合液态胶,备用;
3)将步骤1)和步骤2)制得的材料混合,并通过搅拌机搅拌均匀,备用;
4)取粘土9份、丙烯腈2份、滑石粉7份、氮化铝8份和锌粉5份等固体材料添加到步骤3)内,高温加热,然后通过搅拌机将上述材料与步骤3)彻底混合,制得粘稠的混合胶液,备用;
5)取石棉纤维6份添加的步骤4)中,通过与步骤4)制得的材料搅拌均匀,然后保持高温,备用;
6)将步骤5)制得的混合胶液倒入防护胶套挤出机内,通过挤出成型制得防护胶套,备用;
7)将挤出成型的防护胶套挤出成型多余的片状杂物请清除,制得防护胶套,即可使用。
实施例三:
参阅图1所示,一种高压超导电线电缆,包括电缆主体1,所述电缆主体1包括防护胶套2和内芯3,所述内芯3位于防护胶套2内,所述内芯3包括低温内壁4、外导层6、高压绝缘体9和导电体10,所述低温内壁4表面设置有散热孔5,所述散热孔5设置有一个以上,所述外导层6外圈包括弧形槽7和纤维层8,所述弧形槽7设置在外导层6上,所述弧形槽7设置有一组以上,所述纤维层8包裹着外导层6,所述高压绝缘体9位于外导层6的内部,所述高压绝缘体9为镂空设置,所述导电体10位于高压绝缘体9内部,所述导电体10包括隔层11、超导内芯12和贴膜13,所述隔层11裹紧超导内芯12,所述贴膜13位于隔层11和超导内芯12的中间。
所述防护胶套2与内芯3之间设有间隙,能够更加有利于内芯3散热,同时有利于避免电线电缆在温差大的时候后膨胀或者缩小而受到破坏。
所述低温内壁4与纤维层8相固定,能够通过纤维层8将温度导到低温内壁4内进行冷却。
所述每组弧形槽7设有两个,有利于提高外导体6的散热效果。
每组 所述弧形槽7间隔5cm,有利于外导体6的散热更加均匀。
所述隔层11为超导屏蔽带,通过超导屏蔽带能够防止磁性等因素影响到输电的效果。
所述超导内芯12设置有一条以上,能够提高输电的效率。
一种防护胶套的制作方法,由以下重量份数的材料制成:包括沥青10份、异氰酸酯7份、硅树脂19份、硅乳液5份、粘土11份、1,2-丙二醇4份、丙烯腈3份、石棉纤维8份、滑石粉9份、氮化铝11份和锌粉7份,包括以下步骤:
1)取沥青10份高温加热层成液体,然后通过过滤器将沥青液体进行过滤,除去沥青液体中的杂质,备用;
2)取硅树脂19份,高温加热,然后添加异氰酸酯7份、硅乳液5份和1,2-丙二醇4份等液态材料,高温使得上述材料与硅树脂反应并生成混合液态胶,备用;
3)将步骤1)和步骤2)制得的材料混合,并通过搅拌机搅拌均匀,备用;
4)取粘土11份、丙烯腈3份、滑石粉9份、氮化铝11份和锌粉7份等固体材料添加到步骤3)内,高温加热,然后通过搅拌机将上述材料与步骤3)彻底混合,制得粘稠的混合胶液,备用;
5)取石棉纤维8份添加的步骤4)中,通过与步骤4)制得的材料搅拌均匀,然后保持高温,备用;
6)将步骤5)制得的混合胶液倒入防护胶套挤出机内,通过挤出成型制得防护胶套,备用;
7)将挤出成型的防护胶套挤出成型多余的片状杂物请清除,制得防护胶套,即可使用。
实验例:
选取普通的防护胶套和特制的防护胶套与本发明的防护胶套相比较,并根据韧性、抗压和弹性作为对比依据,分析三组防护胶套的情况,并得出最好的防护胶套。
以普通的防护胶套为对照组一、特制的防护胶套为对照组二和本发明的防护胶套为对照组三,具体数据如下表所示:
对比三组材料,得到本发明的防护胶套效果最好,最适合用于高压电路的外套防护。
本发明的防护外套不仅韧性好,适合安装在各种电力的表面上,并且通过本发明的防护外套,不仅能够承受电缆的拉力挤压下能够不变形和无损坏,以及高压电流经过后能够及时散热和其弹性好的优点,足以优于其他的防护外套。
本发明的有益效果是:由于设置有防护胶套,能够保护内芯的通电效果,由于设置有低温内壁,能够及时将电线电缆输电产生的热量进行散去,避免高温自燃,由于设置有纤维层,通过纤维层能够防止与外导体相连接,由于设置有高压绝缘层,能够防止内芯漏电,由于设置有隔层,能够防止超导内芯与高压绝缘层相固定。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种高压超导电线电缆,其特征在于:包括电缆主体,所述电缆主体包括防护胶套和内芯,所述内芯位于防护胶套内,所述内芯包括低温内壁、外导层、高压绝缘体和导电体,所述低温内壁表面设置有散热孔,所述散热孔设置有一个以上,所述外导层外圈包括弧形槽和纤维层,所述弧形槽设置在外导层上,所述弧形槽设置有一组以上,所述纤维层包裹着外导层,所述高压绝缘体位于外导层的内部,所述高压绝缘体为镂空设置,所述导电体位于高压绝缘体内部,所述导电体包括隔层、超导内芯和贴膜,所述隔层裹紧超导内芯,所述贴膜位于隔层和超导内芯的中间,所述防护胶套由以下重量份数的材料制成:包括沥青8-12份、异氰酸酯5-8份、硅树脂16-22份、硅乳液4-6份、粘土9-13份、1,2-丙二醇3-5份、丙烯腈2-4份、石棉纤维6-9份、滑石粉7-11份、氮化铝8-14份和锌粉5-9份;
防护胶套的制作方法包括以下步骤:
1)取沥青8-12份高温加热层成液体,然后通过过滤器将沥青液体进行过滤,除去沥青液体中的杂质,备用;
2)取硅树脂16-22份,高温加热,然后添加异氰酸酯5-8份、硅乳液4-6份和1,2-丙二醇3-5份等液态材料,高温使得上述材料与硅树脂反应并生成混合液态胶,备用;
3)将步骤1)和步骤2)制得的材料混合,并通过搅拌机搅拌均匀,备用;
4)取粘土9-13份、丙烯腈2-4份、滑石粉7-11份、氮化铝8-14份和锌粉5-9份等固体材料添加到步骤3)内,高温加热,然后通过搅拌机将上述材料与步骤3)彻底混合,制得粘稠的混合胶液,备用;
5)取石棉纤维6-9份添加的步骤4)中,通过与步骤4)制得的材料搅拌均匀,然后保持高温,备用;
6)将步骤5)制得的混合胶液倒入防护胶套挤出机内,通过挤出成型制得防护胶套,备用;
7)将挤出成型的防护胶套挤出成型多余的片状杂物请清除,制得防护胶套,即可使用。
2.如权利要求1所述的高压超导电线电缆,其特征在于:所述防护胶套与内芯之间设有间隙。
3.如权利要求2所述的高压超导电线电缆,其特征 在于:所述低温内壁与纤维层相固定。
4.如权利要求3所述的高压超导电线电缆,其特征在于:所述每组弧形槽设有两个。
5.如权利要求4所述的高压超导电线电缆,其特征在于:每组所述弧形槽间隔5cm。
6.如权利要求5所述的高压超导电线电缆,其特征在于:所述隔层为超导屏蔽带。
7.如权利要求4所述的高压超导电线电缆,其特征在于:所述超导内芯设置有一条以上。
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