CN107035681A - Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means - Google Patents
Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107035681A CN107035681A CN201710482001.8A CN201710482001A CN107035681A CN 107035681 A CN107035681 A CN 107035681A CN 201710482001 A CN201710482001 A CN 201710482001A CN 107035681 A CN107035681 A CN 107035681A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plunger
- cylinder body
- present
- pump
- annular groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/14—Pistons, piston-rods or piston-rod connections
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means, it is related to hydraulic means technical field, serious wear, service life shorter the problem of larger for frictional force between solution plunger and cylinder body.The plunger includes：It is circumferentially arranged in plunger body, the plunger body to have an annular groove.The plunger is applied to plunger pump, and lateral stress suffered by plunger is smaller in use, and the frictional force between plunger and cylinder body is smaller, and the degree of wear mitigates, and service life is longer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic means technical field, more particularly, to a kind of plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means.
Background technology
At present, in hydraulic means, the pump of plunger 100 generally includes cylinder body and plunger 100, and cylinder is stretched into one end of plunger 100
In vivo, the other end is connected with driving structure, as shown in figure 1, plunger 100 is caused in the presence of driving structure by side force F
Plunger 100 is sideling moved back and forth in the cylinder holes introversion of cylinder body.Due to the opposing cylinder of plunger 100 tilt, therefore, the aperture of cylinder holes and
Bottom hole is stress maximum point, the side force produced at two at this is excessive destroy between cylinder body and plunger 100 have oil film so that
With plunger 100 dry friction occurs for cylinder body, and frictional force is larger.
Fig. 2 is plunger 100 when not wearing and tearing, the pressure-plotting of plunger 100 and cylinder gap, and the two lines in figure are respectively
The pressure distribution line of relative two side of plunger 100.Plunger 100 is moved back and forth after work for a long time, and plunger 100 and cylinder body are equal
There is a certain degree of abrasion.To sum up, plunger 100 of the prior art increases with use time, and the degree of wear increases therewith, makes
It is shorter with the life-span.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of plunger, to solve to rub between plunger and cylinder body present in prior art
Power is larger, serious wear, the shorter technical problem of service life.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
The plunger that the present invention is provided, including：It is circumferentially arranged in plunger body, the plunger body to have an annular recessed
Groove.
Further, the depth of the annular groove is 0.3mm.Between both sides of the edge at the opening of the annular groove
Distance be 0.5mm.
Optionally, two ends relative in the plunger body are respectively connection end and free end, the annular groove and institute
The distance of free end of plunger body is stated equal to the 1/3 of the length of the plunger body.
Preferably, the plunger body includes connected bar portion and connection head, and the annular groove is arranged at the bar
Portion, the annular groove is with the bar portion away from the distance between the one end on the connection head equal to the length of the bar portion
1/3。
Further, the bar portion is structure as a whole with the connection head.
It is preferred that the plunger body is formed from steel.
Relative to prior art, plunger of the present invention has the advantage that：
In the plunger that the present invention is provided, annular groove is provided with the lateral surface of plunger body, therefore, in plunger work
During work, annular groove changes the continuity contacted between plunger body lateral surface and cylinder body, thus change plunger with
The pressure distribution situation of cylinder gap so that the lateral stress that the side of plunger is subject to reduces, so that between plunger and cylinder body
Frictional force reduce, the reduction of the degree of wear of plunger, service life increase.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of plunger pump, with solve plunger present in prior art and cylinder body it
Between frictional force it is larger, serious wear, the shorter technical problem of service life.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of plunger pump, including cylinder body and the plunger as described in above-mentioned technical scheme, one end of the plunger are stretched into described
In cylinder body.
Further, the cylinder body is made up of magnesium iron.
Alternatively, copper sleeve is inlaid with the cylinder body, one end of the plunger is stretched into the copper sleeve.
The plunger pump has the advantage that identical with above-mentioned plunger relative to prior art, will not be repeated here.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of hydraulic means, to solve plunger present in prior art and cylinder body
Between frictional force it is larger, serious wear, the shorter technical problem of service life.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：
A kind of hydraulic means, it is characterised in that including the plunger pump as described in above-mentioned technical scheme.
The hydraulic means has the advantage that identical with above-mentioned plunger pump relative to prior art, will not be repeated here.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for constituting the part of the present invention is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
Apply example and its illustrate to be used to explain the present invention, do not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the force analysis schematic diagram of the plunger of background technology；
Fig. 2 be background technology in plunger pressure-plotting one；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation one for the plunger that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram figure that the plunger that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided coordinates with cylinder body；
Fig. 5 is the pressure-plotting for the plunger that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation two for the plunger that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation one for the plunger annular recess that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation two for the plunger annular recess that the embodiment of the present invention one is provided；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation for the plunger pump that the embodiment of the present invention two is provided；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of cylinder body in the plunger pump that the embodiment of the present invention three is provided.
In figure：
1- plunger bodies；11- bar portions；12- connections head；13- connection ends；14- free ends；2- annular grooves；
3- cylinder bodies；4- copper sleeves；100- plungers；A- stress maximum points.
Embodiment
It should be noted that in the case where not conflicting, the embodiment in the present invention and the feature in embodiment can phases
Mutually combination.Describe the present invention in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " " center ",
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " on ", " under ", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " interior ", " outer " is based on accompanying drawing institutes
The orientation or position relationship shown, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than indicate or imply signified dress
Put or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore it is not intended that to the limit of the present invention
System.In addition, term " first ", " second ", " the 3rd " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relatively important
Property.
In the description of the invention, it is necessary to illustrate, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be being fixedly connected or being detachably connected, or be integrally connected；Can
To be mechanical connection or electrical connection；Can be joined directly together, can also be indirectly connected to by intermediary, Ke Yishi
The connection of two element internals.For the ordinary skill in the art, with concrete condition above-mentioned term can be understood at this
Concrete meaning in invention.
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 3, the embodiments of the invention provide a kind of plunger, including plunger body 1, in plunger body 1 circumferentially
It is provided with an annular groove 2.
The depth of the annular groove 2 is 0.3mm, that is to say, that the bottom of the annular groove 2 and the opening of annular groove 2
Between ultimate range be 0.3mm；The distance between both sides of the edge at the opening of the annular groove 2 are 0.5mm, in figure
Shown in 7 and Fig. 8 on direction, the top open part of annular groove 2, the distance between the left and right sides is 0.5mm.
The bottom surface of annular groove 2 can be plane or curved surface, as shown in fig. 7, the bottom surface of annular groove 2 is plane, such as
Shown in Fig. 8, the bottom surface of arc groove 2 is curved surface.
Plunger body 1 is prolonged into its length direction and is divided into three parts, and middle part is referred to as center section, will in addition
In two parts, the part referred to as Part I in cylinder body is fully inserted into, a remaining part is referred to as Part II.Annular is recessed
Groove 2 is arranged at the outside of the Part I of plunger body 1.That is, annular groove 2 is stretched into cylinder body with plunger body 1
The distance between end face of one end is less than or equal to the 1/3 of the length of plunger body 1.
As shown in figure 3, when plunger body 1 is a cylinder, the driving machine in one end and plunger pump of plunger body 1
Structure is connected, and this end is referred to as connection end 13, and the other end of plunger body 1 is stretched into cylinder body, and this end is referred to as free end 14, annular
The distance between free end 14 of groove 2 and plunger body 1 is the 1/3 of the total length of plunger body 1.
As shown in figure 4, working as plunger body 1 includes two parts, when respectively bar portion 11 is with head 12 is connected, bar portion 11 is with connecting
Connector portions 12 are structure as a whole, and are once manufactured, and bar portion 11 is identical with the material for connecting head 12, and shape is different, bar portion 11
For cylinder, one end of bar portion 11 is stretched into cylinder body；The one end on connection head 12 is connected with bar portion 11, and the other end is spherical one
Side is connected with the drive mechanism in plunger pump, under the drive of drive mechanism, and connection head 12 drives bar portion 11 past in cylinder body
Multiple motion.Annular groove 2 is arranged at bar portion 11, and annular groove 2 deviates from bar portion 11 to be connected the one end on head 12 (i.e. bar portion 11 is stretched
Enter one end in cylinder body) the distance between be equal to bar portion 11 length 1/3.
In a kind of embodiment of the present embodiment, plunger body 1 is formed from steel.
When the plunger for providing the present embodiment is applied to plunger pump, one end of plunger is stretched into cylinder body, and the other end is with driving
Motivation structure is connected, and opposing cylinder moves reciprocatingly under the drive of drive mechanism.
As shown in figure 4, when plunger body 1 is moved in cylinder body 3, because the opposing cylinder 3 of plunger body 1 is tilted, therefore,
The aperture of cylinder holes and bottom hole are stress maximum point A.
Plunger body 1 and the pressure distribution equation of the cylinder holes gap location of cylinder body 3 are set up, pressure difference stream is solved and is produced with shear flow
Pressure distribution plunger body 1 and cylinder holes deploy by surface area, set up the pressure distribution equation of pressure difference stream and shear flow generation such as
Under：
In above-mentioned pressure distribution equation, the corresponding implication of each symbol is as follows：
R- plunger body diameters；The cylinder holes diameter of D- cylinder bodies；ω-plunger angular speed；μ-fluid dynamic viscosity；vk-
Plunger linear velocity；H- gaps；P- pressure；- angle；lz- plunger contact length
Pressure distribution schematic diagram as shown in Figure 5 is drawn according to above-mentioned pressure distribution equation, in Figure 5, wherein a line
Top and the pressure distribution line of cylinder holes gap location for plunger body 1, another bottom for plunger body 1 and cylinder holes gap location
Pressure distribution line, the region that two pressure distribution lines are provided with annular groove 2 in plunger body 1 is overlapping.
Comparison diagram 5 and Fig. 2 understand that after annular groove 2 are provided with, plunger and the pressure distribution in cylinder holes gap become
Change, reduce side force, increase loading capacity of oil film, optimize the frictional behaviour of plunger, can be reliable under high speed, high pressure
Use.
Further, since the side force of plunger reduces, therefore it can just be reduced for the requirement of the machining accuracy of cylinder body, so that
Processing cost is reduced, the qualification rate of the plunger pump using the plunger for having the present embodiment to provide is improved.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 9, the embodiment of the present invention two provides a kind of plunger pump, the plunger pump that the present embodiment is provided includes cylinder body
3 and the plunger that provides of embodiment one, copper sleeve 4 is inlaid with cylinder body 3, copper sleeve 4 is located in the cylinder holes of cylinder body 3, plunger
One end of plunger body 1 extend into the copper sleeve 4 in cylinder body 3.Copper sleeve 4 can further mitigate the abrasion of cylinder body 3
Degree, increases the service life of cylinder body 3, so as to improve the service life of plunger pump.
Compared with plunger pump of the prior art, ring is provided with the plunger in the plunger pump provided due to the present embodiment two
Connected in star 2, therefore, in the plunger course of work, the lateral stress distribution situation that the side that annular groove 2 changes plunger is subject to,
So that the lateral stress that the side of plunger is subject to reduces, so that the frictional force between plunger and cylinder body 3 reduces, the abrasion of plunger
Degree is reduced, service life increase.
Simultaneously as the frictional force between plunger and cylinder body 3 reduces, therefore the degree of wear of cylinder body 3 is also reduced, therefore,
The service life increase of plunger pump.
It is noted that a plunger and a cylinder body 3 are one group, multigroup plunger can be included in a plunger pump
With cylinder body 3, the plunger in each group is connected with same drive mechanism, and drive mechanism drives each plunger in its corresponding cylinder body 3
It is interior to move back and forth.
For example, plunger and cylinder body 3 are two groups, and drive mechanism is connecting rod, and the two ends of connecting rod connect with two plungers respectively
Connect, when connecting rod swing, wherein one end of connecting rod is close to a cylinder body 3, and the other end is away from another cylinder body 3, then with connecting
Two plungers of the two ends correspondence connection of bar, one of them is to the internal motion of cylinder body 3, and another is to the external movement of cylinder body 3.
Embodiment three
As shown in Figure 10, the embodiment of the present invention three provides a kind of plunger pump, and the plunger pump that the present embodiment is provided includes cylinder
The plunger that body 3 and embodiment one are provided, in the present embodiment, cylinder body 3 is made up of magnesium iron, and plunger is formed from steel.With embodiment two
Being distinguished as the plunger pump of middle offer, copper sleeve 4, plunger are not provided with the cylinder body 3 for the plunger pump that the present embodiment three is provided
Plunger body 1 be directly inserted in the cylinder holes of cylinder body 3.
Compared with plunger pump of the prior art, the plunger in the plunger pump provided due to the present embodiment three is provided with annular
Frictional force between groove 2, therefore plunger and cylinder body 3 reduces, therefore need not set copper sleeve 4 can also normal work.
Compared with plunger pump of the prior art, copper sleeve 4 need not be set in the plunger pump that the present embodiment three is provided, because
This present embodiment three provide plunger pump cost it is relatively low, lighter in weight, service life it is longer or with post of the prior art
The service life for filling in pump is close.
The plunger pump that embodiment two is provided with the present embodiment three respectively has advantage, the use longevity for the plunger pump that embodiment two is provided
Life is longer, and the cost for the plunger pump that the present embodiment three is provided is relatively low, and lighter in weight can be selected according to use environment and demand
Select.
Example IV
The embodiment of the present invention four provides a kind of hydraulic means, including the plunger pump that embodiment three is provided.
It is noted that in hydraulic means can be set have multiple plunger pumps, according to use demand using one of them or
Multiple plunger pumps.
Finally it should be noted that：Various embodiments above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention, rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
The present invention is described in detail with reference to foregoing embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those within the art that：Its according to
The technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments can so be modified, or which part or all technical characteristic are entered
Row equivalent substitution；And these modifications or replacement, the essence of appropriate technical solution is departed from various embodiments of the present invention technology
The scope of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of plunger, it is characterised in that including：It is circumferentially arranged in plunger body, the plunger body to have an annular recessed
Groove.
2. plunger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the depth of the annular groove is 0.3mm.The annular is recessed
The distance between both sides of the edge at the opening of groove are 0.5mm.
3. plunger according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that relative two ends are respectively to connect in the plunger body
Connect and hold and free end, the distance of the annular groove and the free end of the plunger body is equal to the length of the plunger body
1/3。
4. plunger according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the plunger body includes bar portion and the connection being connected
Head, the annular groove is arranged at the bar portion, and the annular groove deviates from the one end on the connection head with the bar portion
The distance between be equal to the bar portion length 1/3.
5. plunger according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the bar portion is structure as a whole with the connection head.
6. plunger according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plunger body is formed from steel.
7. a kind of plunger pump, it is characterised in that the plunger including cylinder body and as described in claim any one of 1-6, the plunger
One end stretch into the cylinder body.
8. plunger pump according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the cylinder body is made up of magnesium iron.
9. plunger pump according to claim 7, it is characterised in that copper sleeve, the plunger are inlaid with the cylinder body
One end stretch into the copper sleeve.
10. a kind of hydraulic means, it is characterised in that including the plunger pump as described in claim any one of 7-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710482001.8A CN107035681B (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2017-06-22 | Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710482001.8A CN107035681B (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2017-06-22 | Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107035681A true CN107035681A (en) | 2017-08-11 |
| CN107035681B CN107035681B (en) | 2021-03-02 |
Family
ID=59542181
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710482001.8A Active CN107035681B (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2017-06-22 | Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107035681B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1457665A1 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-09-15 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High pressure pump and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN202468117U (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-10-03 | 山东鑫亚工业股份有限公司 | High-pressure oil spraying pump plunger with ring grooves |
| CN202597075U (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-12-12 | 宁波明和力盛液压科技有限公司 | Variable piston engraved with pressure balancing groove |
| CN203796552U (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-08-27 | 苏州大学 | Swash-plate-type plunger pump with antifriction property |
| CN204082523U (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆永宏石油化工设备有限公司 | A kind of fracturing pump plunger |
| CN204212962U (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-18 | 宁波广天赛克思液压有限公司 | A kind of there is self-alignment function join oily auxiliary structure |
| CN205297901U (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-08 | 浙江水魔力机电设备有限公司 | Inclined disc type plunger for high pressure water pump |
| CN206874471U (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-01-12 | 杭州力龙液压有限公司 | Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means |
-
2017
- 2017-06-22 CN CN201710482001.8A patent/CN107035681B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1457665A1 (en) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-09-15 | Hitachi, Ltd. | High pressure pump and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN202468117U (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-10-03 | 山东鑫亚工业股份有限公司 | High-pressure oil spraying pump plunger with ring grooves |
| CN202597075U (en) * | 2012-03-28 | 2012-12-12 | 宁波明和力盛液压科技有限公司 | Variable piston engraved with pressure balancing groove |
| CN203796552U (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2014-08-27 | 苏州大学 | Swash-plate-type plunger pump with antifriction property |
| CN204082523U (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2015-01-07 | 重庆永宏石油化工设备有限公司 | A kind of fracturing pump plunger |
| CN204212962U (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-03-18 | 宁波广天赛克思液压有限公司 | A kind of there is self-alignment function join oily auxiliary structure |
| CN205297901U (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-08 | 浙江水魔力机电设备有限公司 | Inclined disc type plunger for high pressure water pump |
| CN206874471U (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-01-12 | 杭州力龙液压有限公司 | Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107035681B (en) | 2021-03-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100918603B1 (en) | Inclined shaft-type variable displacement pump/motor | |
| CN105339657B (en) | With the axial poiston pump of inclined disc type structure type | |
| CN105473855A (en) | Sealing device for piston | |
| KR102030174B1 (en) | Mixed dynamic pressure gas journal bearing | |
| CN104806464B (en) | Aviation axial plunger hydraulic pump | |
| CN102630279A (en) | Cooling structure for cylinder block and swash plate-type hydraulic device equipped with same | |
| CN104863812A (en) | Spherical raceway swash plate axial plunger pump and motor | |
| US20210148343A1 (en) | Hydraulic piston machine | |
| US20150068782A1 (en) | Percussion device | |
| JPH0299782A (en) | Variable capacity type inclined shaft type hydraulic machinery | |
| US20140150641A1 (en) | Axial piston machine having a conical piston | |
| CN206874471U (en) | Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means | |
| CN112173995A (en) | Core-tube-free single-drive-type telescopic hydraulic cylinder | |
| US10247177B2 (en) | Positive displacement machines and methods of increasing load-carrying capacities thereof | |
| CN107035681A (en) | Plunger, plunger pump and hydraulic means | |
| CN201669508U (en) | Large-tonnage friction welder and axial force balanced structure thereof | |
| CN104265623B (en) | A kind of crescent gear pump realizing subregion nose balance | |
| CN104358735B (en) | A kind of lifting hydraulic jack | |
| CN204961190U (en) | Curved surface raceway sloping cam plate axial plunger pump and motor | |
| CN202302042U (en) | Gate valve | |
| JP3653377B2 (en) | Axial piston pump or motor | |
| CN108980198A (en) | A kind of cantilever style thrust foil bearing | |
| GB2325278A (en) | Rotary machine having radially displaceable rotor shaft coupling. | |
| RU2351784C2 (en) | Vorogushin's tie rod and rocker mechanism | |
| CN113586382B (en) | Eccentric wear eliminating method for oil distribution disc of high-pressure plunger variable pump |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |