CN204961190U - Curved surface raceway sloping cam plate axial plunger pump and motor - Google Patents

Curved surface raceway sloping cam plate axial plunger pump and motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204961190U
CN204961190U CN201520371203.1U CN201520371203U CN204961190U CN 204961190 U CN204961190 U CN 204961190U CN 201520371203 U CN201520371203 U CN 201520371203U CN 204961190 U CN204961190 U CN 204961190U
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plunger
curved surface
hydraulic cylinder
roller bearing
surface raceway
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CN201520371203.1U
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Chinese (zh)
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郭仁发
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a curved surface raceway sloping cam plate axial plunger pump and motor, belongs to fluid pressure machinery technical field. The problem of two major problems of sloping cam plate plunger pump and motor long -term existence among the prior art, between plunger, piston shoes and the sloping cam plate, the friction of these two pairs of keys is vice between plunger and the cylinder body promptly is solved, the bad situation of working obtains complete improvement, and the key character is: with the rolling friction that radial roller bearing was realized, two effect axial plunger pneumatic cylinders, the diclinic dish increases power density, raises the efficiency, a neotype hydraulic component who has the advantage.

Description

A kind of curved surface raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump and motor
Art:
The present invention relates to a kind of curved surface raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump and motor, belong to fluid pressure machine technical field.As the energy conversion device that pump is for rotating mechanical energy being transformed into fluid pressure energy.This energy conversion device is also reversible simultaneously, also can be used as motor and exports for fluid pressure energy being converted to rotating mechanical energy.
Background technique:
In prior art, cam-type axial piston pump and motor use one of the widest most important Hydraulic power units in hydraulic transmission, and its performance quality is the key affecting hydraulic work system performance.But the design and fabrication technology of plunger pump and motor rarely has change in decades, structure is aging, and performance is bad, poor reliability.Problem mainly concentrates on two aspects: namely plunger, between piston shoes and swash plate, this two friction pair to key between plunger and cylinder body, because these two pairs of friction pairs are main generation moment of torsion and the stressed point, line, surface of transmitting torque, serious bad Frotteurism thus part impaired, initiating failure and lowering efficiency also is that produce power dissipates, leaks and the place of flow pulsation simultaneously.The performance of pump/motor and life-span and these friction pairs closely bound up, therefore friction pair transformation and optimize also one of most important key technology just having become axial plunger pump/motor.
The development trend of Modern hydraulic transmission is light-duty, high pressure, large discharge, high power density, high integration and excellent dynamic performance.Cam-type axial piston pump of the prior art and motor mostly are monolateral assembled hydraulic cylinder and swash plate, one way work done, backhaul then relies on the parts being easy to fatigue damage--and spring compresses and holding position, be difficult to accomplish " large discharge ", " high pressure " and " high power density ", obviously can not meet the high standard requirement of development of modern industry, it is necessary urgent for therefore improving.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the plunger of cam-type axial piston pump and motor in prior art, the problems that between piston shoes and swash plate, sliding friction pair brings, the present invention adopts rolling friction pair, namely radial roller bearing is set on plunger to realize rolling friction, common swash plate cannot form rolling friction pair with so radial roller bearing, therefore swash plate need be deformed into the novel swash plate that has the curved surface raceway of torsion, this curved surface raceway should be plunger when circling rotation one week and plunger opposing hydraulic cylinder with hydraulic cylinder body and making the compound motion that axially reciprocating just in time makes a round trip, all the time with can keep radial line to contact and continuous by the radial roller bearing on plunger, smoothly, around one week seamless curved surface connected of head and the tail.Radial roller bearing on such curved surface raceway and plunger just can form rolling friction pair, and replaces plunger of the prior art, sliding friction pair between piston shoes and swash plate.Should be understood that such curved surface raceway can be unlimited many, in order to clear, exactly this kind of curved surface raceway is described, below still with the fundamental characteristics of plane swash plate for standard, set forth a desirable abstract curved surface raceway swash plate.
Fig. 1 be curved surface raceway swash plate formed schematic diagram, wherein a little can find respective markers in fig. 2, the feature of curved surface raceway can more clearly be described by abstract point, line.In Fig. 1, s is imaginary swash plate plane, and the tilt angle of s and cylndrical surface meet is and the summit of the oval circumference that meet obtains is a and c respectively, o point is oval central point, radial roller bearing axis body (5) in Fig. 2 can abstract representation be line segment ab, fundamental characteristics according to plane swash plate: line segment ab makes uniform circular motion and rotates one week, and the compound motion that at the uniform velocity to-and-fro motion just in time makes a round trip is made in translation vertically simultaneously.Can determine that from figure the track of a point in compound motion is exactly oval circumference, line segment ab is perpendicular to main-shaft axis, and the angle of itself and imaginary swash plate plane s is β, as can be seen from the figure, in compound motion, the value that the spatial position of b point determines β is constantly change.The half of line segment ab translating stroke circumferentially turn 90 degrees simultaneously, figure can inferring, a point and b point all will coincide with o point, this display line segment ab falls on plane s completely, namely show that the value of angle β constantly reduces until reduce to zero, and from 90 degree to 180 degree, line segment ab forwards the another side of plane s to, angle β should be negative value and continues to reduce, until overlap with cd, so can confirm that the track of b point is exactly the dotted line bd in figure.From 180 degree to 360 degree, the reciprocating return of line segment ab translation just, so will to repeat in figure track only at the another side of oval circumference, and reverts to initial position, both curved surfaces full symmetric formed.Can describe now this curved surface is briefly exactly be the closed curved surface of the torsion of ab along the circumferential outer width of ellipse, the actual size of radial roller bearing and tapering is taken into account, just can obtain the curved surface raceway of reality by this imaginary curved surface.In fact the curved surface raceway of this reality can be revised, and also can say it is necessary, but change ten thousand times without leaving the original aim or stand to improve speed, the output of moment of torsion and the optimization reduced for the purpose of noise, and " ancestor " is exactly the curved surface of this theory and the rolling friction pair set up thus.
The relative position relation of radial roller bearing and plunger also can have multiple choices, here three kinds are listed: a kind of is end at plunger, one is the inner side being radially located at plunger, and the 3rd is the outside being radially located at plunger, certain curved surface raceway is then corresponding to be arranged in contrast, so just can set up rolling friction pair in the end of plunger, inner side or outside.
The technological scheme that the present invention adopts for solution problems of the prior art is: a kind of curved surface raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump and motor, by curved surface raceway swash plate, hydraulic cylinder, plunger, radial roller bearing, main shaft, the supportings such as flow system and end cap, packaged unit forms, it is characterized in that: described curved surface raceway swash plate is a swash plate with the curved surface raceway of torsion, this curved surface raceway is plunger when circling rotation one week and plunger opposing hydraulic cylinder with hydraulic cylinder body and making the compound motion that axially reciprocating just in time makes a round trip, all the time can radial line be kept to contact with the radial roller bearing on plunger and continuously, smoothly, around one week seamless curved surface connected of head and the tail, described radial roller bearing refers to the rolling element that the radial line of its axis and described hydraulic cylinder body and described main shaft overlaps, be arranged on the end of described plunger or inner side or outside and described curved surface raceway swash plate and form rolling friction pair, described radial roller bearing is provided with at least one group of bearing and roller.
Between plunger and cylinder body, this is to friction pair, also be the weakness of cam-type axial piston pump and motor in prior art, sliding friction between plunger and cylinder body requires to coordinate extremely accurate, but can produce moment of torsion when plunger and swash plate effect make the rubbing surface between plunger and cylinder body offset, cause local heavy wear, simultaneously plunger and swash plate effect also can produce a side direction and prize power, and especially damage even more serious when plunger stretches out the longer cantilever position of cylinder body, its problem brought is self-evident.This ability being also in prior art, cam-type axial piston pump and motor adapt to high pressure is limited to, and the tilt angle of swash plate is wanted to increase the basic reason of also being limited to.The present invention adopts the method arranging guide rail to solve this difficult problem: allow the additional member of plunger or plunger make axially reciprocating under the leading role of the guiding groove of guide rail and by guiding groove transmitting torque, and so plunger moves to where this moment of torsion and all can not have influence on sliding friction surface between plunger and cylinder body.Guide rail also plays stable radial roller bearing simultaneously and keeps radial positioning action, and guide rail must gather the guiding requirement that the certain structural type of composition adapts to each plunger, and principle is guide rail curved surface raceway not capable of blocking and the operation of the radial roller bearing of impact on raceway,
According to aforementioned curved surface raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump and motor, it is characterized in that: increase and be provided with slide rail composite unit, described slide rail composite unit is that the profile that formed by multiple track combination is as columned structural member, the additional member of described plunger or plunger is made axially reciprocating and can not offset and rotate in the guiding groove of described slide rail composite unit, thus reach the positioning action stablized described radial roller bearing and keep radial direction, and by described slide rail composite unit transmitting torque.
Cam-type axial piston pump of the prior art and motor mostly are monolateral assembled hydraulic cylinder and swash plate, one way work done, the present invention adopts the design of Double-hydraulic cylinder body, two have the hydraulic cylinder of point cylinder of identical number opposed as assembled hydraulic cylinder in same circumference, install the radial roller bearing perpendicular to plunger axis in the interposition of plunger, plunger two ends coordinate with two points of oil hydraulic cylinders in opposed hydraulic cylinder respectively and form dual action axial to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder.So, plunger motion every in a flash, its length sum in opposed two points of cylinder cylinders is constant, eliminate plunger and stretch out the long defect of cantilever, so just greatly reduce moment of torsion, prize the negative effect of power, have dual action axial also just to possess the basic condition of Bidirectional to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder simultaneously.
Dual action axial has been had certainly just to need two inclined plate to make it to form rolling friction pair respectively with radial roller bearing to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder, Bidirectional is changed in one way work done, by two curved surface raceway swash plates, one of them adjusts turnback then opposed, make its curved surface raceway in opposite directions, namely the track groove of a circulation closed is formed, radial roller bearing in the middle of plunger is placed in track groove, respectively with the effect of two curved surface raceway swash plates.The more significant effect that this design brings is: in assembled hydraulic cylinder cylinder body all paired dual action axials to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder except the position switched at its flow all in work done, substantially increase specific power, change cam-type axial piston pump and motor in prior art simultaneously and produce monolateral moment of torsion and output torque, the irregular weighing apparatus of pressure, there is the state of larger fluctuation, and eliminate the backhaul holddown spring being easy to fatigue damage.
Review the general arrangement of this invention till now again, although be still referred to as " curved surface raceway swash plate ", in fact shape system and the concept of swash plate has been departed from, it is a kind of brand-new product specification, analyzing this from the aspect of theory of mechanism is a kind of being seldom applied to " inner cylindrical surface cam mechanism ", but for this product, the selection of curved surface raceway, design and optimization are most important, the concept retaining swash plate is useful
The technological scheme that the present invention adopts for solution problems of the prior art is: described hydraulic cylinder increases to assembled hydraulic cylinder body, described assembled hydraulic cylinder body refers to the combination of the cylinder body of point oil hydraulic cylinder of two identical numbers that distribute in same circumference, described plunger is the double end plunger being different from common plunger, described double end plunger refers to that its two ends are the plunger of same axis, and be equipped with the described radial roller bearing with its axis perpendicular in interposition, described assembled hydraulic cylinder body its point of hydraulic cylinder mouth between two relatively and form dual action axial to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder with described double end plunger, described slide rail composite unit is placed between two cylinder bodies of described assembled hydraulic cylinder, the number of its guide-track groove is equal to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder number with dual action axial in described assembled hydraulic cylinder, the i.e. corresponding described double end plunger of each guide-track groove and described radial roller bearing, described curved surface raceway swash plate increases to two, one of them is opposed after adjusting turnback, make its curved surface raceway in opposite directions, thus formed one can hold that described radial roller bearing rolls betwixt close, the track groove of circulation, the axis body of described radial roller bearing is provided with rolling bearing and roller, described curved surface raceway swash plate forms rolling friction pair with two respectively.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 is the formation schematic diagram of curved surface raceway swash plate
Fig. 2 is opposed hyperboloid raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump and motor configuration figure
Fig. 3 is the plan view of Fig. 2
Fig. 4 is slide rail composite unit (10) in Fig. 2 and radial roller bearing (5) structural representation
Fig. 5 is flow system schematic
In Fig. 1 to Fig. 5:
1. spring, 2. thrust plate A, 3. left swash plate, 4. tapered roller,
5. radial roller bearing axis body, 6. needle bearing, 7. double end plunger, 8. right swash plate,
9. reinforcing ring, 10. slide rail composite unit, 11. oil sealings, 12. left end caps,
13. bearings, 14. positioning rings, 15. main shafts, 16. hydraulic cylinder body A,
17. splines, 18. flat keys, 19. hydraulic cylinder body B, 20. thrust plate B,
21. spline positioning keys, 22. hydraulic pressure import and export adapter, 23. right end caps,
24. link bolt hole positions,
S is imaginary swash plate plane,
A is imaginary swash plate plane (8) and assembled hydraulic cylinder external cylindrical surface meet and the summit of oval circumference that obtains,
B be radial roller bearing (5) center line on the end points of roller bearing,
C is that (a) rotates 180 degree to corresponding points during figure below at radial roller bearing (5) with cylinder body,
Same d is the corresponding points of (b),
O is imaginary swash plate plane (s) and assembled hydraulic cylinder external cylindrical surface meet and the central point of ellipse that obtains,
Embodiment:
In Fig. 2: the effect of spring (1) thrust plate is pressed to hydraulic cylinder body and carry out position compensation, make thrust plate and hydraulic cylinder body space little and reduce and leak, the kinds of schemes such as butterfly spring or hydraulic pressure also can be selected to reach identical object.Thrust plate (2) and (20) are as good as with thrust plate of the prior art, all new technologies are also all applicable, on it kidney-shaped flow groove respectively connecting fluid compress into discharge connection (22), thrust plate, with locating piece (as spline positioning key (21)) location, makes it to rotate and can only carry out position compensation as axial translation.Left swash plate (3) and right swash plate (8) are fixedly connected with bolt and as shell, all radial roller bearings are all contained in its track groove, the upper device of radial roller bearing axis body (5) has needle bearing (6) and tapered roller (4), device tapered roller is because radial roller bearing will carry out circular movement, radial near-end and the distance of distal movement have different, but radial roller bearing carries out axial translation again simultaneously, therefore involve slippage still can exist, can revise the tapering of raceway and tapered roller or be divided into by tapered roller multistage to reach the object of improvement, the state of convergence pure rolling as far as possible.Double end plunger (7) respectively with hydraulic cylinder body A (16), relative point cylinder composition dual action axial in hydraulic cylinder body B (19) is to plunger case, slide rail composite unit (10) is placed between hydraulic cylinder body A (16) and hydraulic cylinder body B (19), double end plunger (7) inserts in each guiding groove of slide rail composite unit (10) respectively, flat key (18) is had to locate between slide rail composite unit and hydraulic cylinder body, reinforcing ring (9) embeds the opening of slide rail composite unit, it is the opening stress deformation preventing slide rail composite unit, in Fig. 4 mark link bolt hole position (24) signal by hydraulic cylinder body A (16), slide rail composite unit (10), hydraulic cylinder body B (19) three is connected and fixed with bolt.Main shaft (15) is connected with slide rail composite unit (10) by spline (17).
Working state when being below used as motor is to state the function of its each critical piece: in Fig. 5, the kidney-shaped flow groove on thrust plate A (2) the right is connected with the kidney-shaped flow groove on thrust plate B (20) left side, be set to hydraulic pressure inlet opening, certain another side then connects oil sump tank, so point cylinder on the right of hydraulic cylinder body A (16) is all communicated with the kidney-shaped flow groove on thrust plate A (2) the right, input high pressure oil, point cylinder on relative hydraulic cylinder body B (19) the right is then communicated with oil sump tank with the kidney-shaped flow groove on thrust plate B (20) the right, under the effect of hydraulic pressure, in hydraulic cylinder body A (16), the plunger on the right moves to hydraulic cylinder body B (19), fluid on the right of it point of cylinder is discharged gradually, the result of plunger motion is its middle radial roller bearing motion and interacts with right swash plate (8) in track groove to produce moment of torsion, this moment of torsion drives hydraulic cylinder body A through slide rail composite unit (10), B and through spline (17) drive main shaft rotate.The switching position on the lower top of curved surface raceway swash plate is just arrived when a certain plunger rotary forwards to bottom in figure, now plunger enters hydraulic cylinder body B (19) and is discharged by the fluid in this point of cylinder, but this plunger can not produce moment of torsion continue to rotate under the torsional interaction produced at other plungers, cross the switching position on lower top and enter the kidney-shaped flow groove position on thrust plate B (20) left side, now high-voltage oil liquid is communicated with this point of cylinder in hydraulic cylinder body B (19) by the kidney-shaped flow groove on thrust plate B (20) left side, point cylinder of relative hydraulic cylinder body A (16) is then communicated with oil return fuel tank by the kidney-shaped flow groove on thrust plate (2) left side, its effect is that this plunger starts to be moved to hydraulic cylinder body A (16) by hydraulic cylinder body B (19), the result of plunger motion is its middle radial roller bearing motion and acts on left swash plate (3) in track groove to produce moment of torsion, this moment of torsion and foregoing moment of torsion are same sense of rotation, the moment of torsion that main shaft obtains the same sense of rotation continued just can constantly rotate and export rotating mechanical energy.So far can reach a conclusion: under the driving of all double end plunger hydraulic pressure in cylinder, the radial roller bearing all works done in the curved surface raceway swash plate effect relative with moving direction in the middle of it, except moving to the upper and lower dot location of curved surface raceway swash plate.Upper and lower dot location and near radial roller bearing be passive operation, and switch the curved surface raceway swash plate acted on it in this position, therefore should reduce gap in this position as far as possible and avoid noise.
Sloping tray axial plunger piston pump of the prior art and motor can produce tilting moment due to monolateral effect, the measure of conventional counteracting tilting moment installs bearing additional outside hydraulic cylinder, in this example owing to being double-acting but not on the same axis, and point of action radially moves outward, tilting moment will strengthen, but assembled hydraulic cylinder, slide rail composite unit and main shaft hold together and more stablely can reduce impact, certainly high at pressure, equally also should adopt the measure installing bearing additional when load is large.
The import and export that hydraulic pressure imports and exports adapter are exchanged, just changes the sense of rotation of motor.Input rotating mechanical energy by main shaft, this device is the output fluid pressure energy as pump just.
In sum, curved surface raceway axial piston pump of the present invention and motor solve plunger pump and the long-standing two large problems of motor in prior art, namely plunger, between piston shoes and swash plate, between plunger and cylinder body, this two is improved completely to the friction pair work undesirable condition of key, add high power density simultaneously, raising the efficiency, is a kind of novel hydraulic element with advantage.

Claims (2)

1. a curved surface raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump and motor, by curved surface raceway swash plate, hydraulic cylinder, plunger, radial roller bearing, main shaft, the supportings such as flow system and end cap, packaged unit forms, it is characterized in that: described curved surface raceway swash plate is a swash plate with the curved surface raceway of torsion, this curved surface raceway is described plunger when circling rotation one week and described plunger opposing hydraulic cylinder with described hydraulic cylinder body and making the compound motion that axially reciprocating just in time makes a round trip, all the time can radial line be kept to contact with the described radial roller bearing on described plunger and continuously, smoothly, the curved surface that head and the tail smoothly connected around one week, described radial roller bearing refers to the rolling element that the radial line of its axis and described hydraulic cylinder body and described main shaft overlaps, be arranged on the end of described plunger or inner side or outside and described curved surface raceway swash plate and form rolling friction pair, described radial roller bearing is provided with at least one group of bearing and roller, increase and be provided with slide rail composite unit, described slide rail composite unit is that the profile that formed by multiple track combination is as columned structural member, described plunger or be completely fixed with described plunger the additional member be connected and make axially reciprocating and can not offset and rotate in the guiding groove of described slide rail composite unit, thus reach the positioning action stablized described radial roller bearing and keep radial direction, and by described slide rail composite unit transmitting torque.
2. curved surface raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump according to claim 1 and motor, it is characterized in that: described hydraulic cylinder increases to assembled hydraulic cylinder body, described assembled hydraulic cylinder body refers to the combination of the cylinder body of point oil hydraulic cylinder of two identical numbers that distribute in same circumference, described plunger is the double end plunger being different from common plunger, described double end plunger refers to that its two ends are the plunger of same axis, and be equipped with the described radial roller bearing with its axis perpendicular in interposition, described assembled hydraulic cylinder body its point of hydraulic cylinder mouth between two relatively and form dual action axial to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder with described double end plunger, described slide rail composite unit is placed between two cylinder bodies of described assembled hydraulic cylinder, the number of its guide-track groove is equal to plunger piston fluid pressure cylinder number with dual action axial in described assembled hydraulic cylinder, the i.e. corresponding described double end plunger of each guide-track groove and described radial roller bearing, described curved surface raceway swash plate increases to two, one of them is opposed after adjusting turnback, make its curved surface raceway in opposite directions, thus formed one can hold that described radial roller bearing rolls betwixt close, the track groove of circulation, the axis body of described radial roller bearing is provided with rolling bearing and roller, described curved surface raceway swash plate forms rolling friction pair with two respectively.
CN201520371203.1U 2015-05-27 2015-05-27 Curved surface raceway sloping cam plate axial plunger pump and motor Expired - Fee Related CN204961190U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201520371203.1U CN204961190U (en) 2015-05-27 2015-05-27 Curved surface raceway sloping cam plate axial plunger pump and motor

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104863812A (en) * 2015-05-27 2015-08-26 郭仁发 Spherical raceway swash plate axial plunger pump and motor
CN105179333A (en) * 2015-09-16 2015-12-23 郭仁发 Hydraulic transformer

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104863812A (en) * 2015-05-27 2015-08-26 郭仁发 Spherical raceway swash plate axial plunger pump and motor
CN104863812B (en) * 2015-05-27 2018-07-13 郭仁发 A kind of curved surface raceway sloping tray axial plunger piston pump and motor
CN105179333A (en) * 2015-09-16 2015-12-23 郭仁发 Hydraulic transformer

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CP02 Change in the address of a patent holder

Address after: 430012 industrial in Hubei province Wuhan City Jiang'an District Road No. 169 Fu Jiangcheng sea. 11 ofthe Building 1 unit room 1804

Patentee after: Guo Renfa

Address before: 430012 room 19, No. four, 502 village, Jiang'an District, Hubei, Wuhan, Xuzhou

Patentee before: Guo Renfa

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20160113

Termination date: 20190527

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee