CN107034391A - A kind of aluminium alloys for pistons and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloys for pistons and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107034391A CN107034391A CN201710193146.6A CN201710193146A CN107034391A CN 107034391 A CN107034391 A CN 107034391A CN 201710193146 A CN201710193146 A CN 201710193146A CN 107034391 A CN107034391 A CN 107034391A
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- aluminium alloys
- pistons
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- aluminium
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910004883 Na2SiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethyl(.) Chemical compound Cl[C](Cl)Cl ZBZJXHCVGLJWFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000551 Silumin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035568 catharsis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007323 disproportionation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005549 size reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/0084—Pistons the pistons being constructed from specific materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2201/00—Metals
- F05C2201/90—Alloys not otherwise provided for
- F05C2201/903—Aluminium alloy, e.g. AlCuMgPb F34,37
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons and preparation method thereof, composition by mass percentage is：Mg：0.8% 1.4%；Cu：0.2% 0.6%；Sc：0.04% 0.06%；Ti：0.01% 0.06%；Mn：0.03% 0.09%；Cr：0.03% 0.1%；Zn：0.02% 0.26%；Ni：2.4% 3.6%；La：0.01% 0.04%；Ce：0.01% 0.04%；Si：24% 26%；Surplus is Al.The thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum alloy obtained using the preparation method is small, and stability is good, and intensity is high, and wearability is good, and comprehensive performance is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, more particularly to a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons and its preparation side
Method, belongs to aluminum alloy materials field.
Background technology
As one of most important part, piston in engine, it is referred to as the heart of engine.Its function is subject to gas
Pressure, and by piston pin be transmitted to connecting rod driving make bent axle rotate, when engine works, piston directly with transient temperature 2200
Degree Celsius high-temperature gas contact, its head temperature is up to 300 DEG C -400 DEG C, and temperature distributing disproportionation is even；Lived in working stroke
Plug top subjects very big pressure, and gasoline engine reaches 4MPa-5MPa, and diesel engine is up to 8MPa-9MPa, even more high；In addition, living
Plug moves back and forth linear velocity up to 11m/s-16m/s in cylinder；It is this it is severe under conditions of work.Piston subjects height
Temperature, the thermic load of high pressure and mechanical load.Therefore piston is used as the very important structure that energy is transmitted in automobile engine
Part, has special requirement to its material：Density is small, light weight, heat conductivity are good, thermal coefficient of expansion is small；And have enough
Elevated temperature strength, wear resisting and corrosion resistance energy, good stability of the dimension.
Existing piston Si contents are up to Dinging Xing of 23%, Ti product Wen≤0.02%D, and cylinder prepareding gap is typically in 0.025mm-
0.035mm.Because actual expanded size is uncontrollable, it may appear that in operation, the actual gap of cylinder plug and cylinder body is unstable for engine
It is fixed, easily cause alter oil, gas leakage and identical size piston coordinate identical size cylinder body and the different phenomenon of power.And blindly
Increase Si contents can cause piston excessively crisp, and impact resistance declines, and not have preferable solution before above mentioned problem.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, provide a kind of aluminium alloy formula and preparation method thereof, it is therefore intended that
On the basis of ensureing that piston is forced the way across, the coefficient of cubical expansion is reduced, reduces cylinder prepareding gap, it is effective to solve because cylinder prepareding gap causes
Alter oil, gas leakage and power problem, make overall using effect more.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of technical scheme：A kind of aluminium alloys for pistons, by quality
The composition of percentage is：Mg：0.8%-1.4%；Cu：0.2%-0.6%；Sc：0.04%-0.06%；Ti：0.01%-
0.06%；Mn：0.03%-0.09%；Cr：0.03%-0.1%；Zn：0.02%-0.26%；Ni：2.4%-3.6%；La：
0.01%-0.04%；Ce：0.01%-0.04%；Si：24%-26%；Surplus is Al.
It is that the wearability of this material is good, and thermal coefficient of expansion is small, piston intensity using the beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical proposal
It is high.
First, silicon can improve the mobility and hot cracking tendency of aluminium alloy, improve the wearability of material and reduce thermal expansion system
Number.In silumin material, the volume fraction of brittlement phase Si phases largely determines the thermal coefficient of expansion of material,
As temperature is raised, the thermal coefficient of expansion of ductility phase is more than brittlement phase.Because the brittlement phase Si contents in the technical program are enough
Greatly so that ductility phase Al phases are reduced in aluminium alloy, and the Si phases being enriched with are blocked, so that the thermal coefficient of expansion of material is significantly
Reduction.
In addition, appropriate Mg, can improve the tensile strength of aluminium.Cu, Ni addition can form the heat-resisting phases of AlCuNi.In right amount
Ti play crystal grain thinning, improve the effect of alloy strength and plasticity.A certain amount of Mn elements are added, can be subtracted with crystal grain thinning
Small fracture dimple size reduction fracture grain boundary fracture proportion, improves the tissue topography of fracture, improves alloy ductility.Addition
Sc is combined with Al, is played a part of crystal grain thinning, dispersion-strengtherning and is suppressed recrystallization.Rare earth element has very high chemistry living
Property, easily acted on gas (such as hydrogen), nonmetallic (such as sulphur) and metal (such as Fe), generate corresponding stable compound.Rare earth member
The atomic radius of element is more than common metal, and rare earth metal, which is added in aluminium alloy, can play a part of microalloying；In addition, dilute
The gases such as earth metal and hydrogen and it is many it is nonmetallic have stronger affinity, the high compound of fusing point can be generated, dehydrogenation, essence is played
Refining, catharsis；Meanwhile, Rare-Earth Element Chemistry activity is extremely strong, can optionally be adsorbed on the crystal grain boundary grown up, and hinders
Grain growth, causes crystal grain refinement, there is metamorphism.
It is preferred that, the composition of the aluminium alloy by mass percentage is：Mg：1.1%-1.2%；Cu：0.3%-0.5%；
Sc：0.04%-0.05%；Ti：0.03%-0.05%；Mn：0.05%-0.07%；Cr：0.05%-0.08%；Zn：
0.12%-0.19%；Ni：2.9%-3.5%；La：0.02%-0.03%；Ce：0.01%-0.04%；Si：24%-26%；
Surplus is Al.
Further, the aluminium alloy also includes Zr：0.04%-0.05%, Zr can combine Sc and Al atoms, the particle of formation
Heat endurance than Sc and Al formation particle heat endurance it is higher, further improve aluminium alloy performance.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of aluminium alloys for pistons, including such as
Lower step：
(1) Al is added into smelting furnace, heating-up temperature is 720-750 DEG C, after being completely melt, adds Si of aluminium foil parcel
Grain, and it is incubated 3-5 hours；Si particles are added, enough brittlement phases are formed, and ductility is mutually separated；
(2) by temperature control at 740-790 DEG C, Ti, Mn, Cr, Si, Ni, Sc are added, until completely dissolved, 10- is stood
30min, cools to 680-700 DEG C, adds Mg, Zn, stirs and wait to be completely dissolved；
(3) the 0.08%-0.16% covertures of liquation gross weight, the press-in Aluminium Foil Package into liquation are sprinkled to molten surface
Good refining agent, carries out refining slagging-off and removes solid/liquid/gas reactions, scum silica frost is scratched clean after completion of the reaction；
(4) liquation is warming up to 800-860 DEG C, adds red phosphorus alterant and La, Ce, mix after completion of the reaction, to
Molten surface spreads 0.02%-0.06% covertures again, and standing 10-20min can be poured.Red phosphorus is added in molten aluminium alloy
The mischmetal of alterant and La, Ce, can refine silicon grain, be evenly distributed.Can also be played in casting process prevents silicon
The effect of grain increase, prevents the problem of silicon grain increase is brought.
Further, if needing insulation before pouring, need, every 40-80min plus coverture, to strengthen degassing effect,
Prevent the rapid air-breathing of liquation.
Further, the amount of the coverture is the 0.08%-0.16% of liquation gross weight.
Further, the coverture is ice crystal, Na3AlF6、Na2SiF6、NaCl、KCl、CaF2、 NaF2In one kind.
Further, the refining agent is one kind in zinc chloride, carbon trichloride, expanded graphite, sodium nitrate.
Further, in step (2), after the Si particles for adding aluminium foil parcel, every 20-30min, one is stirred with graphite rod
It is secondary, to ensure that Si is completely dissolved.
Further, in step (2), it is additionally added the Zr that mass percent is 0.04%-0.05%.
Further, before smelting furnace is added, Zn, Mg and rare earth metal are first preheated into 2-4h at 200-250 DEG C, remaining
Composition preheats 2-4h at 350-450 DEG C.
After improvement by the present invention, obtained thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum alloy is small, and stability is good, and intensity is high, and wearability is good,
Comprehensive performance is good.The aluminium alloy is made after piston, volume stability can Jian little Dao≤0.013%D, cylinder prepareding gap can subtract
As little as 0.018-0.028mm, reduces the actual gap of piston and cylinder body, and it is unstable that oil, gas leakage and power are altered in effective improvement
The problem of, improve the phenomenon that the possible caused piston intensity of silicone content declines while avoiding, it is ensured that its intensity.
Embodiment
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and the given examples are served only to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit
Determine the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of aluminium alloys for pistons, composition by mass percentage is：Mg：0.9%；Cu：0.2%； Sc：0.06%；
Ti：0.06%；Mn：0.09%；Cr：0.05%；Zn：0.02%；Ni：2.6%； La：0.02%；Ce：0.01%；Si：
24%；Surplus is Al.
By standard testing, tensile strength is 482MPa.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminium alloys for pistons, composition by mass percentage is：Mg：1.2%；Cu：0.5%； Sc：0.06%；
Ti：0.05%；Mn：0.09%；Cr：0.07%；Zn：0.19%；Ni：3.5%； La：0.04%；Ce：0.04%；Si：
26%；Zr：0.05%；Surplus is Al.
By standard testing, tensile strength is 520MPa.
Embodiment 3
Mg：1.1%；Cu：0.4%；Sc：0.04%；Ti：0.04%；Mn：0.07%；Cr：0.05%； Zn：0.17%；
Ni：2.9%；La：0.03%；Ce：0.04%；Si：25%；Zr：0.04%；Surplus is Al.
By standard testing, tensile strength is 532MPa.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of aluminium alloys for pistons, comprises the following steps：
(1) Al is added into smelting furnace, heating-up temperature is 720 DEG C, after being completely melt, adds the Si particles of aluminium foil parcel, and
Insulation 5 hours；Every 20-30min, stirred once with graphite rod；
(2) by temperature control at 745 DEG C, Ti, Zr, Mn, Cr, Si, Ni, Sc are added, until completely dissolved, 10- is stood
30min, cools to 690 DEG C, adds Mg, Zn, stirs and wait to be completely dissolved；
(3) 0.08% coverture of liquation gross weight, the essence that press-in is wrapped with aluminium foil into liquation are sprinkled to molten surface
Agent is refined, refining slagging-off is carried out and removes solid/liquid/gas reactions, scum silica frost is scratched clean after completion of the reaction；
(4) liquation is warming up to 800 DEG C, adds red phosphorus alterant and La, Ce, mixed after completion of the reaction, to liquation
0.02% coverture is spread on surface again, and standing 10-20min can be poured.
Embodiment 5
A kind of preparation method of aluminium alloys for pistons, comprises the following steps：
(1) before smelting furnace is added, Zn, Mg and rare earth metal are first preheated into 2-4h at 210 DEG C, remaining composition exists
360 DEG C of preheating 2-4h；
(2) Al of preheating is added into smelting furnace, heating-up temperature is 750 DEG C, after being completely melt, adds Si of aluminium foil parcel
Grain, and it is incubated 3 hours；Every 20-30min, stirred once with graphite rod；
(3) by temperature control at 790 DEG C, Ti, Mn, Cr, Si, Ni, Sc are added, until completely dissolved, 10-30min is stood,
700 DEG C are cooled to, Mg, Zn is added, stirs and wait to be completely dissolved；
(4) 0.16% coverture of liquation gross weight, the essence that press-in is wrapped with aluminium foil into liquation are sprinkled to molten surface
Agent is refined, refining slagging-off is carried out and removes solid/liquid/gas reactions, scum silica frost is scratched clean after completion of the reaction；
(5) liquation is warming up to 860 DEG C, adds red phosphorus alterant and La, Ce, mixed after completion of the reaction, to liquation
0.06% coverture is spread on surface again, and standing 10-20min can be poured.
Embodiment 6
A kind of preparation method of aluminium alloys for pistons, comprises the following steps：
(1) before smelting furnace is added, Zn, Mg and rare earth metal are first preheated into 2-4h at 240 DEG C, remaining composition exists
430 DEG C of preheating 2-4h；
(2) Al is added into smelting furnace, heating-up temperature is 740 DEG C, after being completely melt, adds the Si particles of aluminium foil parcel, and
Insulation 3-5 hours；Si particles are added, enough brittlement phases are formed, and ductility is mutually separated；
(3) by temperature control at 760 DEG C, Ti, Zr, Mn, Cr, Si, Ni, Sc are added, until completely dissolved, 10- is stood
30min, cools to 692 DEG C, adds Mg, Zn, stirs and wait to be completely dissolved；
(4) 0.11% coverture of liquation gross weight, the essence that press-in is wrapped with aluminium foil into liquation are sprinkled to molten surface
Agent is refined, refining slagging-off is carried out and removes solid/liquid/gas reactions, scum silica frost is scratched clean after completion of the reaction；
(5) liquation is warming up to 820 DEG C, adds red phosphorus alterant and La, Ce, mixed after completion of the reaction, to liquation
0.04% coverture is spread on surface again, and standing 10-20min can be poured.
The aluminium alloy of embodiment 3 and Si contents are cast as piston and detected respectively for 23% aluminium alloy, it is kept
His component is constant, and the piston of two kinds of materials is placed in 250 DEG C ± 5 DEG C of environment, tests the volumetric expansion of 5h latter two pistons
Rate, experimental data is as follows：
Experiment is compared using the piston that Si contents are made as 23% aluminium alloy, experimental result shows 24%Si piston
In heating, diameter change is smaller with 26%Si piston, i.e., the coefficient of expansion is small, and heat endurance is good.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons, it is characterised in that composition by mass percentage is：Mg：0.8%-1.4%；Cu：
0.2%-0.6%；Sc：0.04%-0.06%；Ti：0.01%-0.06%；Mn：0.03%-0.09%；Cr：0.03%-
0.1%；Zn：0.02%-0.26%；Ni：2.4%-3.6%；La：0.01%-0.04%；Ce：0.01%-0.04%；Si：
24%-26%；Surplus is Al.
2. a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy is by mass percentage
Constitute and be：Mg：1.1%-1.2%；Cu：0.3%-0.5%；Sc：0.04%-0.05%；Ti：0.03%-0.05%；Mn：
0.05%-0.07%；Cr：0.05%-0.08%；Zn：0.12%-0.19%；Ni：2.9%-3.5%；La：0.02%-
0.03%；Ce：0.01%-0.04%；Si：24%-26%；Surplus is Al.
3. a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the aluminium alloy also includes Zr：
0.04%-0.05%.
4. prepare the method for the aluminium alloys for pistons described in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) Al is added into smelting furnace, heating-up temperature is 720-750 DEG C, after being completely melt, adds the Si particles of aluminium foil parcel, and
Insulation 3-5 hours；
(2) by temperature control at 740-790 DEG C, Ti, Mn, Cr, Si, Ni, Sc are added, until completely dissolved, 10-30min is stood,
680-700 DEG C is cooled to, Mg, Zn is added, stirs and wait to be completely dissolved；
(3) the 0.08%-0.16% covertures of liquation gross weight are sprinkled to molten surface, press-in is wrapped with aluminium foil into liquation
Refining agent, carries out refining slagging-off and removes solid/liquid/gas reactions, scum silica frost is scratched clean after completion of the reaction；
(4) liquation is warming up to 800-860 DEG C, adds red phosphorus alterant and La, Ce, mixed after completion of the reaction, to liquation
0.02%-0.06% covertures are spread on surface again, and standing 10-20min can be poured.
5. the preparation method of a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons according to claim 4, it is characterised in that if needing to protect before pouring
Temperature, then need every 40-80min plus coverture, the amount of coverture is the 0.08%-0.16% of liquation gross weight.
6. according to a kind of preparation method of any described aluminium alloys for pistons of claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that described to cover
Lid agent is ice crystal, Na3AlF6、Na2SiF6、NaCl、KCl、CaF2、NaF2In one kind.
7. the preparation method of a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the refining agent is chlorine
Change one kind in zinc, carbon trichloride, expanded graphite, sodium nitrate.
8. the preparation method of a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (2), plus
After the Si particles for entering aluminium foil parcel, every 20-30min, with graphite rod stirring once, to ensure that Si is completely dissolved.
9. the preparation method of a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in step (2), also
Add the Zr that mass percent is 0.04%-0.05%.
10. the preparation method of a kind of aluminium alloys for pistons according to claim 4, it is characterised in that adding smelting furnace
Before, Zn, Mg and rare earth metal are first preheated into 2-4h at 200-250 DEG C, remaining composition preheats 2-4h at 350-450 DEG C.
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| CN113088726A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-07-09 | 安徽绿能技术研究院有限公司 | Preparation process of aluminum alloy material on engine piston |
| CN113403497A (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2021-09-17 | 顺博合金江苏有限公司 | Composite aluminum alloy refining agent and aluminum alloy refining method |
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