CN107033925B - Multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor - Google Patents

Multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107033925B
CN107033925B CN201710497906.2A CN201710497906A CN107033925B CN 107033925 B CN107033925 B CN 107033925B CN 201710497906 A CN201710497906 A CN 201710497906A CN 107033925 B CN107033925 B CN 107033925B
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spiral
shoveling plate
spiral shoveling
pyrolysis reactor
plate type
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CN107033925A (en
Inventor
赵立欣
姚宗路
丛宏斌
贾吉秀
兰珊
霍丽丽
马腾
张天乐
周程程
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Academy Of Agricultural Planning And Engineering moa
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B7/00Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven
    • C10B7/10Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven with conveyor-screws
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor which comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of spiral shoveling plates which are arranged in a spiral mode are arranged in the cylinder body, and the spiral shoveling plates are of a sectional structure. The invention is used as a light and simplified agriculture and forestry waste treatment device, is applied to vast rural areas, has economic and practical requirements on the whole device, has popularization and application values in rural areas with relatively backward economic whole, has simple integral structure, convenient maintenance, safety and durability, low use cost and the like, and can adapt to the operation environment of the device under the high-temperature condition.

Description

Multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biomass pyrolysis furnaces, in particular to a rotary pyrolysis furnace device, and specifically relates to a multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor.
Background
As is well known, biomass pyrolysis furnaces are one of the approaches to solve the current gradual decrease of non-renewable energy sources such as coal, and the following are found by searching related documents:
the Chinese patent discloses a kiln body of a rotary kiln and an invention patent of the rotary kiln, wherein the kiln body is provided with a preset inclination angle, is close to the height of a feeding end and is close to the bottom of a discharging end, and the patent number is 201310259591. X; the inner wall of the rotary kiln body is provided with a plurality of inner rings protruding inwards from the inner wall of the rotary kiln body. In the invention, the kiln body has a certain inclination, and in the rotation process of the kiln body, the materials in the kiln body are conveyed forward while being heated; in addition, a plurality of inner rings protruding inwards from the inner wall of the rotary kiln body are added on the inner wall of the rotary kiln body, so that the residence time of materials in the rotary kiln is prolonged, and the heating effect is improved.
The Chinese patent discloses a patent number 201410292555.8, and the name of the patent is a spiral rotary kiln, which is characterized in that a kiln body framework of the rotary kiln is surrounded by a spiral heating pipe, and a lining, an insulating layer and an outer guard plate are additionally arranged on the kiln body framework according to requirements. Shaft tubes are arranged at two ends of the kiln body framework of the rotary kiln surrounded by the spiral heating tubes, and the shaft center of the shaft tubes is overlapped with the shaft center of the kiln body framework of the rotary kiln surrounded by the spiral heating tubes.
The Chinese patent discloses a novel double-cylinder rotary kiln with the patent number of 200810236185.0, and the name of the novel double-cylinder rotary kiln comprises a cylinder body, a feeding part, a discharging part and a transmission part, wherein the feeding part comprises a blanking pipe, the cylinder body comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, one end of the outer cylinder is provided with an end plate, one end of the inner cylinder is arranged in the outer cylinder and supported by an inner cylinder supporting pipe, and the inner cylinder is not connected with the outer cylinder; the other end of the inner cylinder is supported by a carrier roller, and the supporting point is on a plane. Wherein the inner cylinder is provided with a big end and a small end, and the slopes of 0, 1-0 and 2% are formed. The inner and outer double-cylinder structure designed by the invention can lengthen the travel of the material in the kiln body, so that the material can fully exchange heat. The inner side of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are respectively provided with a lifting plate with a specific shape, a guide device is arranged in the outer cylinder, and a downward inclined baffle plate is arranged in the blanking pipe, so that wet materials to be processed can smoothly pass through the blanking pipe and the outer cylinder, turn to the inner cylinder and are reversely and fully exchanged with high-temperature air flow, and the purposes of drying and dewatering are achieved by using a small amount of energy sources.
At present, common rotary pyrolysis equipment generally adopts an inclined installation mode, and a shoveling plate is arranged in the rotary pyrolysis equipment to convey materials, and the rotary pyrolysis equipment is similar to drying equipment.
Through the above search, the existing equipment has some defects, such as poor raw material adaptability, complex equipment structure, inconvenient maintenance, poor safety performance, short service life, high cost and unstable high-temperature operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provides the multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor which is used as a light and simplified agriculture and forestry waste treatment device, is applied to vast rural areas, is economical and practical in the whole equipment, has popularization and application values in rural areas with relatively backward economical whole, has a simple integral structure, is convenient to maintain, is safe and durable, has low use cost, can be suitable for the operation environment of the equipment under the high-temperature condition, and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of spiral shoveling plates which are arranged in a spiral mode are arranged in the cylinder body, and the spiral shoveling plates are of a sectional structure.
Preferably, the helix angle of the spiral shoveling plate is set at 30-60 degrees.
Preferably, the length of each section of the spiral shoveling plate is the same as the interval between two adjacent spiral shoveling plates.
Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent spiral flight plates is the same.
The beneficial effect of adopting this technical scheme is:
1) The rotary reactor material conveying device adopts a multi-line spiral shoveling plate mechanism, and each spiral blade is arranged along a spiral line, so that the stability and reliability of material conveying can be effectively improved, and continuous production tests show that the device has wide adaptability to crushed crop straws, peanut shells, rice hulls and the like, is free of bridging and blocking, improves the uniformity of material heating carbonization and the heat exchange efficiency of a system by pushing and moderately turning the spiral blades, and saves energy by 2% -3% compared with similar products without multi-line spiral material conveying.
2) The equipment adopts dividing wall type exogenous heating, can improve biomass and pyrolysis gas quality, and simultaneously the system adopts a multi-chamber cyclone cascade heat exchange system, which is beneficial to system heat exchange.
3) The multi-line spiral conveying mechanism is a sectional spiral shoveling plate, has strong adaptability to the thermal expansion of equipment, and meanwhile, the shoveling plate effectively improves the contact area of materials and a rotary drum, thereby being beneficial to the improvement of the thermal efficiency of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-wire spiral flight type conveying mechanism.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cylinder after being unfolded.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a multi-wire spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor.
The figure shows: 1. the device comprises a cylinder body, 2, a shoveling plate, 3, a heating chamber, 4, a partition plate, 5, a hot gas outlet, 6, ribs, 7, a combustor, 8, an air outlet, 9, a motor, 10, a supporting frame, 11, a safe explosion-proof device, 12, a dust settling carbon discharging device, 13, a pyrolysis gas outlet, 14 and a heat preservation layer.
Detailed Description
For convenience of explanation, the multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-3.
As shown in the figure, the multi-wire spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor comprises a multi-wire spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism, wherein the mechanism comprises a round rotary cylinder, namely a cylinder body 1, a spiral shoveling plate 2 which is arranged in a spiral mode is arranged in the cylinder body 1, and the spiral shoveling plate 2 is of a sectional structure and can be well adapted to thermal expansion.
The spiral shoveling plates 2 are multiple groups, each group is located on a respective spiral line, after the circular rotary cylinder is unfolded, the spiral shoveling plates 2 on each spiral line are located on the same straight line, the inclination angle of each spiral shoveling plate 2 is set at 30-60 degrees, the length of each section of spiral shoveling plate 2 is identical to the interval between two adjacent spiral shoveling plates 2, and the interval between two adjacent spiral shoveling plates 2 is identical.
The material conveying capacity of the multi-line spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism is related to the screw pitch of the spiral plate, the inner diameter of the rotary reaction chamber, the height of the spiral plate, the material filling coefficient and the like.
As shown in a schematic diagram (fig. 1) of analysis of movement of the conveying material of the spiral plate, the advancing speed of the material is as follows:
wherein V is Z The axial movement speed of the material is m/s; va is the absolute movement speed of the material, m/s; alpha is helix angle, rad; ȹ is the friction angle of the material with the screw plate, rad.
Wherein S is the screw pitch, mm; d is the inner diameter of the rotary reactor, mm.
Wherein Vn is the velocity in the normal direction of the spiral, and m/s.
Where Ve is the material-carrying running speed, m/s.
Wherein ɷ is the rotational angular velocity of the rotary reactor, rad/s; r is the radius of gyration of the spiral shoveling plate, and mm. n is the rotation reaction speed, r/min.
From (1) to (5), the axial conveying speed of the materials is as follows:
conditions under which the material can be conveyed forward:
as shown in the formula (6), the maximum material conveying speed, i.e. the maximum equipment conveying capacity, should satisfy:
because the spiral shoveling plate has a certain height, the turning radius of the spiral shoveling plate is different at different positions in the radial direction, and the average moving speed of the material along the axial direction on the whole conveying section is as follows:
wherein VZA is the average axial conveying speed of the material, m/s; r1 is the radius of gyration at the top of the spiral shoveling plate, and mm; r2 is the radius of gyration of the bottom of the spiral flight, mm.
Thus, the equipment feedstock processing capacity and average residence time in the reaction chamber can be expressed as:
wherein Q is the material processing capacity, kg/h; d is the inner diameter of the rotary reactor, m; psi is the material filling coefficient; ɤ the bulk density of the material, kg/m3.
Note that: alpha is a helix angle, ve is a traction speed, vr is a relative speed, va is an absolute speed, vn is a spiral tangential speed, vz is a horizontal moving speed of materials, phi is a friction angle, and ɷ is a rotating speed of the rotary cylinder.
The spiral line number can be any, the size and the interval of the spiral plate are adjustable, 4-line spiral is adopted in the embodiment, the diameter of the rotary cylinder is 40CM, and the size and the interval size of the spiral plate are equal.
The rotary continuous pyrolysis equipment mainly comprises a multi-line spiral plate conveying mechanism, a multi-chamber cyclone cascade heat exchange system, a dust settling carbon outlet device 12, a pyrolysis gas outlet 13, a heat preservation layer 14 and the like.
The multi-wire spiral plate conveying mechanism is arranged in the heating chamber 3, and adopts a four-wire spiral shoveling plate to actively convey materials, so that the materials are moderately shoveled and turned over in the whole forward pushing process, the stability and the order of the material conveying are improved, and the heat exchange efficiency and the carbonization uniformity of the system can be considered; the multi-chamber cyclone cascade heat exchange system divides the heating chamber into four chambers, hot flue gas flows through the bottoms of the chambers, and the heated air flow automatically rises and forcedly sinks to be influenced by the combination, so that a rotary flow process is formed, and the heat exchange effect of the reaction chamber is enhanced. The safety explosion-proof device adopts a U-shaped water seal or an explosion-proof valve and is used for emergency pressure relief when local deflagration or explosion occurs after a large amount of air enters due to system abnormality.
The heating chamber 3 is divided into at least two heating chambers by a partition plate 4, hot gas outlets 5 which are communicated with the two heating chambers are arranged at the bottoms of the two adjacent heating chambers, and a plurality of annular ribs 6 are arranged in the heating chamber 3; the ribs 6 are the same or different in size, and two adjacent ribs 6 are different in size; the rib 6 is annularly arranged at the periphery of the multi-line spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism and rotates along with the cylinder body, a combustor 7 is arranged in the first heating chamber 3, and an air outlet 8 is arranged on the last heating chamber 3; the multi-wire spiral sheet conveying mechanism penetrates through the whole heating chamber, two ends of the multi-wire spiral sheet conveying mechanism extend out of the heating chamber, a supporting frame 10 is further arranged at one end of the multi-wire spiral sheet conveying mechanism, a transmission mechanism is arranged on the supporting frame, and the transmission mechanism is one of a motor 9 and a gear, a chain wheel or a belt connected between the motor 9 and the multi-wire spiral sheet conveying mechanism; one end of the multi-wire spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism is further provided with a safe explosion-proof device 11, the safe explosion-proof device 11 is a coiled pipe, and a water seal which is normally used for sealing is arranged in the coiled pipe.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described with respect to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent that many variations are possible in the inventive concepts herein, and it should be understood that any variations that fall within the inventive concepts herein are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

1. A multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor is characterized in that: the multi-line spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism comprises a cylinder body, wherein a plurality of spiral shoveling plates which are arranged in a spiral manner are arranged in the cylinder body, and the spiral shoveling plates are of a sectional structure;
the helix angle of the spiral shoveling plate is set at 30-60 degrees;
the multi-wire spiral plate conveying mechanism is arranged in the heating chamber and adopts a four-wire spiral shoveling plate to actively convey materials;
the heating chamber is divided into at least two heating chambers by a partition plate, hot gas outlets which are communicated with the two heating chambers are arranged at the bottoms of the two adjacent heating chambers, and a plurality of annular ribs are arranged in the heating chambers; the ribs are the same or different in size, and two adjacent ribs are different in size;
the rib is annularly arranged at the periphery of the multi-line spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism and rotates along with the cylinder body, a burner is arranged in the first heating chamber, and an air outlet is arranged on the last heating chamber;
the multi-wire spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism penetrates through the whole heating chamber, and two ends of the multi-wire spiral shoveling plate type conveying mechanism extend out of the heating chamber.
2. The multi-wire spiral sheet type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, wherein the multi-wire spiral sheet type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor is characterized in that: the length of each section of spiral shoveling plate is the same as the interval between two adjacent spiral shoveling plates.
3. The multi-wire spiral sheet type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor according to claim 1, wherein the multi-wire spiral sheet type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor is characterized in that: the spacing between two adjacent spiral shoveling plates is the same.
CN201710497906.2A 2017-06-27 2017-06-27 Multi-line spiral shoveling plate type biomass rotary pyrolysis reactor Active CN107033925B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110028980A (en) * 2019-04-04 2019-07-19 黑龙江八一农垦大学 A kind of agitating device of biomass continuous pyrolysis reactor

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CN202915688U (en) * 2012-11-08 2013-05-01 中橡集团炭黑工业研究设计院 Rotary dryer shoveling plate arraying structure
CN103952165A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-07-30 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Multilayer rotary kiln based small granular material destructive distillation method
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CN202915688U (en) * 2012-11-08 2013-05-01 中橡集团炭黑工业研究设计院 Rotary dryer shoveling plate arraying structure
CN103952165A (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-07-30 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Multilayer rotary kiln based small granular material destructive distillation method
CN203794834U (en) * 2014-04-01 2014-08-27 中国重型机械研究院股份公司 Multi-layer rotary kiln for destructive distillation of granules
CN205528584U (en) * 2016-01-21 2016-08-31 中国庆华能源集团有限公司 Outer hot type rotary reactor

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