CN107032717A - Nickel slag slag based cementitious material, its preparation method and application - Google Patents
Nickel slag slag based cementitious material, its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107032717A CN107032717A CN201611010808.3A CN201611010808A CN107032717A CN 107032717 A CN107032717 A CN 107032717A CN 201611010808 A CN201611010808 A CN 201611010808A CN 107032717 A CN107032717 A CN 107032717A
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- slag
- nickel
- cementitious material
- based cementitious
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
- C04B28/085—Slags from the production of specific alloys, e.g. ferrochrome slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
A kind of nickel slag slag based cementitious material, its preparation method and application, belong to binder materials field.The nickel slag slag based cementitious material is prepared from the following materials, and is counted by weight, raw material includes:500 900 parts of water quenching nickel ground-slags, 100 500 parts of ground granulated blast furnace slags, 320 360 parts of alkali-activators, 10 15 parts of fibers, 0.2 0.3 parts of dispersants and 120 160 parts of water.The nickel slag slag based cementitious material has the advantages that compression strength height, good toughness, anti-telescopicing performance are strong.In addition the invention further relates to a kind of preparation method of nickel slag slag based cementitious material, this method has the advantages that preparation technology is simple, the requirement to equipment and operating personnel is low.The invention also discloses the application that above-mentioned nickel slag slag based cementitious material prepares concrete and mortar.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to binder materials field, and more particularly to a kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, its preparation method and
Using.
Background technology
Cement is that application amount is maximum in inorganic coagulation material, one of application most wide material, and it is widely used in building
Build, road, dykes and dams, the engineering construction such as airport, be the important foundation material of the development of the national economy.The production of cement need to be consumed largely
Resource and the energy, and its production process in the dust, the CO that discharge2Severe contamination can be caused to environment etc. harmful substance, is developed
Resource and energy resource consumption can be reduced using novel green binder materials, environmental pollution is reduced, held for society with economic
Supervention exhibition has important reality and far-reaching significance.
The binder materials prepared using industrial residue can be not only used for engineering reality, and the useless of pollution environment can be recycled again
Slag, therefore widely paid close attention to by people in recent years.Water quenching nickel slag is the waste residue produced during nickel fibers, and blast-furnace cinder is raw
Contain a certain amount of glass phase component in the waste residue produced in iron smelting process, water quenching nickel slag and blast-furnace cinder, in alkali-activated carbonatite
These materials show hydraulic gelling property in the presence of agent, and water quenching nickel slag and blast-furnace cinder can be made to be used for inorganic coagulation material
Prepare.But it is due to that water quenching nickel slag and blast-furnace cinder need to be handled using alkali-activator, obtained binder materials exists steady
The problem of qualitative poor, toughness is low, shrinkage factor is big.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, the binder materials have compression strength it is high,
The strong advantage of good toughness, anti-flexible ability.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, this method technique
Simply, it is easy to operate, green non-pollution.
Present invention also offers the application of the nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, it is used to prepare concrete or mortar.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and realized using following technical scheme.
The present invention proposes a kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, and it is prepared from the following materials, and counts by weight,
Raw material includes:500-900 parts of water quenching nickel ground-slags, 100-500 parts of ground granulated blast furnace slags, 320-360 parts of alkali-activators, 10-15 parts of fibres
Dimension, 0.2-0.3 parts of dispersants and 120-160 parts of water.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, alkali-activator is included in waterglass, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate
It is at least one.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, fiber includes fluorubber fiber, polypropylene fibre, asbestos fibre
At least one of.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, fiber carries out impregnation process in the aqueous solution of surfactant,
Surfactant includes at least one in fluorocarbon surfactant, sulfonate surfactant, fatty acid surfactant
Kind.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, dispersant includes at least one in carboxymethyl cellulose, phosphate
Kind.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag is 300-500m2/ kg, blast furnace
The specific surface area of slag powders is 500-800m2/kg。
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, the length of fiber is 8-15mm, a diameter of 30-50 μm.
The present invention proposes a kind of preparation method of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, and it includes:
Count by weight, 500-900 parts of water quenching nickel ground-slags and 100-500 parts of ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder
Material;0.2-0.3 parts of dispersants, 10-15 parts of fibers and 120-160 parts of water are well mixed and obtain scattered fiber solution;
Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly obtaining mixture slurry, 320- is added into mixture slurry
360 parts of alkali-activators, and stir 3-5min.
Further, in present pre-ferred embodiments, prepare before disperseing fiber solution, first by fiber in surface-active
Impregnation process is carried out in the aqueous solution of agent, surfactant includes fluorocarbon surfactant, sulfonate surfactant, fat
At least one of acids surfactant.
The present invention also proposes a kind of application of above-mentioned nickel slag-slag based cementitious material.
Nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, its preparation method and the beneficial effect of application that the present invention is provided be:The present invention is carried
Nickel slag-slag based cementitious material of confession, using fiber as toughness reinforcing phase, passes through alkali-activator using water quenching nickel slag and blast-furnace cinder as matrix
Make nickel slag and slag be sufficiently mixed glue with fiber with dispersant to connect, obtain the larger binder materials of structural strength, and its anti-folding is strong
Degree and compression strength are high, resist flexible ability strong.The nickel slag that the present invention is provided-slag based cementitious material preparation method has technique letter
The low advantage of single reliable, requirement to equipment and operating personnel.Nickel slag-slag the based cementitious material can be used in concrete and sand
The production of slurry, so as to reduce the use of cement, has not only saved the energy and raw material, while also effectively having recycled useless
Slag, it is to avoid waste residue land occupation and pollution environment.
Embodiment
, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
Nickel slag-slag based cementitious material of the embodiment of the present invention, its preparation method and application are specifically described below.
The embodiments of the invention provide a kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, it is prepared from the following materials, by weight
Number meter, raw material includes:500-900 parts of water quenching nickel ground-slags, 100-500 parts of ground granulated blast furnace slags, 320-360 parts of alkali-activators, 10-
15 parts of fibers, 0.2-0.3 parts of dispersants and 120-160 parts of water.
Wherein, water quenching nickel ground-slag is carefully made by the sizing of water quenching nickel, and its specific surface area is 300-500m2/kg;Blast-furnace cinder
Powder is made by blast-furnace cinder is levigate, and its specific surface area is 500-800m2/kg;Alkali-activator include waterglass, sodium hydroxide,
At least one of sodium carbonate;Dispersant includes at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, phosphate;It is fine that fiber includes fluorubber
At least one of dimension, polypropylene fibre, asbestos fibre, the length of fiber is 8-15mm, a diameter of 30-50 μm;Fiber is in table
Impregnation process is carried out in the aqueous solution of face activating agent, surfactant includes fluorocarbon surfactant, Sulfonates surface-active
At least one of agent, fatty acid surfactant.
Nickel slag-slag based cementitious material provided in an embodiment of the present invention uses water quenching nickel ground-slag, ground granulated blast furnace slag for matrix,
Using fiber as toughness reinforcing phase, by the chemi-excitation effect of alkali-activator, further reaction forms network structure, while being entrained in base
Internal fiber and alkali-activated carbonatite reaction product bonding are integral, binder materials is had very high structural strength and anti-flexible energy
Power.Dispersant can make fiber keep scattered and uniformly be mixed with matrix, it is ensured that the overall construction intensity of binder materials.Use
Surfactant anticipates fiber, can make surfactant molecule (ion) absorption in advance in fiber surface, it is to avoid water
Molecular Adsorption, so as to reduce the cohesive force between fiber and alkali-activated carbonatite reaction product, reduces binder materials generation and split in fiber surface
The probability of line, improves the adhesion strength of fiber and matrix, so as to improve the structural strength of binder materials.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of preparation method of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, and it comprises the following steps:
500-900 parts of water quenching nickel ground-slags and 100-500 parts of ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder;By 0.2-0.3
Part dispersant, 10-15 parts of fibers and 120-160 parts of water, which are well mixed, obtains scattered fiber solution;Wherein, scattered fiber is prepared molten
Before liquid, fiber is first subjected to impregnation process in the aqueous solution of surfactant, surfactant includes fluoro-carbon surface active
At least one of agent, sulfonate surfactant, fatty acid surfactant.
Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, alkali-activated carbonatite is added into mixture slurry
Agent, and stir 3-5min.
The preparation method of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material provided in an embodiment of the present invention, can effectively excite water quenching nickel
Glass phase component in slag and blast-furnace cinder, and make the combination of itself and fibre compact, and make full use of tenacity of fibre and anti-flexible
The strong advantage of ability, effectively raises the shock resistance of binder materials, while being impregnated using the aqueous solution of surfactant
Fiber, can make the adsorption surfactant molecule (ion) of fiber, and the alkali improved in water quenching nickel slag and blast-furnace cinder swashs
The cohesive force between reaction product and fiber is sent out, so as to further improve the structural strength and anti-flexible ability of binder materials.
It is used for the application for preparing concrete or mortar the invention also discloses above-mentioned nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, uses
Concrete or mortar prepared by above-mentioned nickel slag-slag based cementitious material has structural strength big, and anti-crack ability is strong, preparation technology letter
It is single, fast and easily advantage.
The feature and performance to the present invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is as follows:
S101, get the raw materials ready:Prepare 500g water quenching nickel ground-slag, 500g ground granulated blast furnace slags, 350g waterglass, 15g polypropylene fibres,
0.3g carboxymethyl celluloses, 150g water.Wherein, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag is 450m2/kg;The ratio table of ground granulated blast furnace slag
Area is 600m2/ kg, the length of polypropylene fibre is 15mm, a diameter of 32 μm.
S102, prepare powder:500g water quenching nickel ground-slags and 500g ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder.
S103, the scattered fiber solution of preparation:0.3g carboxymethyl celluloses, 15g polypropylene fibres and 150g water are mixed equal
It is even to obtain scattered fiber solution.
S104, preparation binder materials:Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, to mixing
350g waterglass is added in slurry, and stirs 4min.
Embodiment 2
A kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is as follows:
S201, get the raw materials ready:Prepare 600g water quenching nickel ground-slag, 400g ground granulated blast furnace slags, 300g waterglass, 20g sodium hydroxides,
10g fluorubber fiber, 0.2g carboxymethyl celluloses, 0.1g sodium pyrophosphates, 160g water.Wherein, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag
For 400m2/kg;The specific surface area of ground granulated blast furnace slag is 550m2/ kg, the length of fluorubber fiber is 8mm, a diameter of 30 μm.
S202, prepare powder:600g water quenching nickel ground-slags and 400g ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder.
S203, the scattered fiber solution of preparation:0.2g carboxymethyl celluloses, 0.1g sodium pyrophosphates, 10g fluorubber fiber and
160g water is well mixed to obtain scattered fiber solution;Wherein, before preparing scattered fiber solution, first by fluorubber fiber the moon from
Impregnation process is carried out in the aqueous solution of sub- fluorocarbon surfactant, the mass concentration of the fluorocarbon surfactant aqueous solution is
0.02%.
S204, preparation binder materials:Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, to mixing
300g waterglass and 20g sodium hydroxides are added in slurry, and stirs 5min.
Embodiment 3
A kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is as follows:
S301, get the raw materials ready:Prepare 700g water quenching nickel ground-slag, 300g ground granulated blast furnace slags, 280g waterglass, 60g sodium carbonate, 12g
Polypropylene fibre, 0.2g sodium tripolyphosphates, 150g water.Wherein, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag is 500m2/kg;Blast-furnace cinder
The specific surface area of powder is 750m2/ kg, the length of polypropylene fibre is 12mm, a diameter of 35 μm.
S302, prepare powder:700g water quenching nickel ground-slags and 300g ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder.
S303, the scattered fiber solution of preparation:0.2g sodium tripolyphosphates, 12g polypropylene fibres and 150g water are well mixed
Obtain scattered fiber solution;Wherein, prepare before disperseing fiber solution, first by 12g polypropylene fibres in dodecyl sodium sulfate
The aqueous solution in carry out impregnation process, the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate aqueous solution is 1%.
S304, preparation binder materials:Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, to mixing
280g waterglass and 60g sodium carbonate are added in slurry, and stirs 3min.
Embodiment 4
A kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is as follows:
S401, get the raw materials ready:Prepare 800g water quenching nickel ground-slag, 200g ground granulated blast furnace slags, 320g waterglass, 15g asbestos fibres,
0.3g sodium metaphosphates, 120g water.Wherein, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag is 350m2/kg;The specific surface area of ground granulated blast furnace slag
For 800m2/ kg, the length of asbestos fibre is 10mm, a diameter of 40 μm.
S402, prepare powder:800g water quenching nickel ground-slags and 200g ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder.
S403, the scattered fiber solution of preparation:0.3g sodium metaphosphates, 15g asbestos fibres and 120g water are well mixed and obtained
Scattered fiber solution;Wherein, prepare before scattered fiber solution, first carry out 15g asbestos fibres in the aqueous solution of enuatrol
The mass concentration of impregnation process, wherein aqueous solution sodium oleate is 0.2%.
S404, preparation binder materials:Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, to mixing
320g waterglass is added in slurry, and stirs 5min.
Embodiment 5
A kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is as follows:
S501, get the raw materials ready:Prepare 900g water quenching nickel ground-slag, 100g ground granulated blast furnace slags, 300g waterglass, 60g sodium carbonate, 10g
Fluorubber fiber, 5g asbestos fibres, 0.3g carboxymethyl celluloses, 150g water.Wherein, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag is
400m2/kg;The specific surface area of ground granulated blast furnace slag is 700m2/ kg, the length of fluorubber fiber is 12mm, a diameter of 30 μm, asbestos
The length of fiber is 12mm, a diameter of 45 μm.
S502, prepare powder:900g water quenching nickel ground-slags and 100g ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder.
S503, the scattered fiber solution of preparation:By 0.3g carboxymethyl celluloses, 10g fluorubber fiber, 5g asbestos fibres and
150g water is well mixed to obtain scattered fiber solution;Wherein, prepare before scattered fiber solution, first 10g fluorubber fibers exist
Impregnation process in the aqueous solution of fluorocarbon surfactant, 5g asbestos fibres are carried out at dipping in the aqueous solution of sodium laurate
Reason, the wherein mass concentration of the fluorocarbon surfactant aqueous solution are 0.03%, and the mass concentration of the sodium laurate aqueous solution is
0.3%.
S504, preparation binder materials:Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, to mixing
300g waterglass and 60g sodium carbonate are added in slurry, and stirs 5min.
Embodiment 6
A kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is as follows:
S601, get the raw materials ready:Prepare 500g water quenching nickel ground-slag, 500g ground granulated blast furnace slags, 360g waterglass, 15g fluorubber fiber,
0.3g sodium polyphosphates, 150g water.Wherein, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag is 450m2/kg;The ratio surface of ground granulated blast furnace slag
Product is 650m2/ kg, the length of fluorubber fiber is 12mm, a diameter of 50 μm.
S602, the scattered fiber solution of preparation:0.3g sodium polyphosphates, 15g fluorubber fiber and 150g water are well mixed
To scattered fiber solution;Wherein, prepare before disperseing fiber solution, first by 15g fluorubber fibers in fluorocarbon surfactant
Impregnation process is carried out in the aqueous solution, the wherein mass concentration of the fluorocarbon surfactant aqueous solution is 0.025%.
S603, prepare powder:500g water quenching nickel ground-slags and 500g ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder.
S604, preparation binder materials:Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, to mixing
360g waterglass is added in slurry, and stirs 5min.
Embodiment 7
A kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is as follows:
S701, get the raw materials ready:Prepare 500g water quenching nickel ground-slag, 500g ground granulated blast furnace slags, 300g waterglass, 20g sodium hydroxides,
40g sodium carbonate, 15g fluorubber fiber, 0.3g carboxymethyl celluloses, 160g water.Wherein, the specific surface area of water quenching nickel ground-slag is
500m2/kg;The specific surface area of ground granulated blast furnace slag is 800m2/ kg, the length of fluorubber fiber is 15mm, a diameter of 35 μm.
S702, prepare powder:500g water quenching nickel ground-slags and 500g ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder.
S703, the scattered fiber solution of preparation:0.3g carboxymethyl celluloses, 15g fluorubber fiber and 150g water are well mixed
Obtain scattered fiber solution;Wherein, prepare before disperseing fiber solution, first by 15g fluorubber fibers in fluorocarbon surfactant
The aqueous solution in carry out impregnation process, wherein the mass concentration of the fluorocarbon surfactant aqueous solution is 0.05%.
S704, preparation binder materials:Powder and scattered fiber solution are mixed evenly and obtain mixture slurry, to mixing
300g waterglass, 20g sodium hydroxides and 40g sodium carbonate are added in slurry, and stirs 5min.
Embodiment 8
A kind of concrete is present embodiments provided, its preparation process is:Prepare on 850g sands, 1750g stones and 500g
The binder materials of the preparation of embodiment 1 is stated, the binder materials of preparation is mixed with sand, stone, and stirs.
The binder materials and concrete provided the present invention carries out performance detection.
Ruggedness test is tested:Prepare embodiment 1, embodiment 2 ..., embodiment 7, embodiment 8 provide binder materials and
Concrete is simultaneously conserved, detected in the 3rd day age and the 7th day age above-mentioned binder materials and concrete rupture strength and
Compression strength, testing result is as shown in the table;Detection method is with reference to GB/T 17671-1999 Test method for strength of hydraulic cement mortar.
From upper table it can be seen that, the inorganic green cementing material prepared using water quenching nickel slag and blast-furnace cinder as primary raw material
Compression strength and rupture strength are higher, meet requirement of the conventional project construction to binder materials intensity, and the inorganic green glue
The popularization and application of gel material, can largely consume the industrial residues such as water quenching nickel slag, blast-furnace cinder, can be good at reducing making for cement
With so that environmental protection.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.The reality of the present invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected implementation of the present invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material, it is characterised in that it is prepared from the following materials, and counts by weight, institute
Stating raw material includes:
2. nickel slag-slag based cementitious material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkali-activator includes water glass
At least one of glass, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate.
3. nickel slag-slag based cementitious material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that it is fine that the fiber includes fluorubber
At least one of dimension, polypropylene fibre, asbestos fibre.
4. nickel slag-slag based cementitious material according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the fiber is in surfactant
The aqueous solution in carry out impregnation process, the surfactant includes fluorocarbon surfactant, sulfonate surfactant, fat
At least one of fat acids surfactant.
5. nickel slag-slag based cementitious material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dispersant includes carboxymethyl
At least one of cellulose, phosphate.
6. nickel slag-slag based cementitious material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the ratio table of the water quenching nickel ground-slag
Area is 300-500m2/ kg, the specific surface area of the ground granulated blast furnace slag is 500-800m2/kg。
7. nickel slag-slag based cementitious material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the length of the fiber is 8-
15mm, a diameter of 30-50 μm.
8. a kind of preparation method of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that it includes:
Count by weight, 500-900 parts of water quenching nickel ground-slags and 100-500 parts of ground granulated blast furnace slags are well mixed and obtain powder;
0.2-0.3 parts of dispersants, 10-15 parts of fibers and 120-160 parts of water are well mixed and obtain scattered fiber solution;
The powder and the scattered fiber solution are mixed and stirred for uniformly obtaining mixture slurry, added into the mixture slurry
Enter 320-360 parts of alkali-activators, and stir 3-5min.
9. the preparation method of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material according to claim 8, it is characterised in that prepare described point
Before staple in bulk solution, the fiber is first subjected to impregnation process, the surfactant in the aqueous solution of surfactant
Including at least one of fluorocarbon surfactant, sulfonate surfactant, fatty acid surfactant.
10. the application of nickel slag-slag based cementitious material any one of a kind of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that described
Nickel slag-slag based cementitious material is used to prepare concrete or mortar.
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