CN107031410B - Electric automobile pre-charging circuit and fault diagnosis method thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile pre-charging circuit and fault diagnosis method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107031410B CN107031410B CN201710224383.4A CN201710224383A CN107031410B CN 107031410 B CN107031410 B CN 107031410B CN 201710224383 A CN201710224383 A CN 201710224383A CN 107031410 B CN107031410 B CN 107031410B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2832—Specific tests of electronic circuits not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/2836—Fault-finding or characterising
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an electric vehicle pre-charging circuit and a fault diagnosis method thereof, and the electric vehicle pre-charging circuit comprises a battery pack, a positive electrode relay K1, a pre-charging relay K2, a negative electrode relay K3, a pre-charging resistor R, a pre-charging capacitor C, a first voltage detection circuit and a second voltage detection circuit, wherein the first voltage detection circuit is arranged at two ends of the battery pack, one end of the second voltage detection circuit is connected with the negative electrode end of the battery pack, and the other end of the second voltage detection circuit is connected with the pre-charging relay K2. During detection, the battery management system calculates according to voltage values detected by the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit, so that the actual state of the relay is detected, a fault can be reported in time under the condition that the high-voltage loop has the fault, the high-voltage electrifying operation is stopped, and the safety of the battery system and the vehicle is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
the invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to an electric automobile pre-charging circuit and a fault diagnosis method thereof.
Background
In the starting process of the electric automobile, high-voltage electrifying operation is required to be carried out, and the control process of the high-voltage relay and the pre-charging control process are completed. At present, a high-voltage relay mostly adopts a relay without a feedback contact, and in the high-voltage electrifying process, a battery management system needs to detect the actual state of the relay and judge possible relay faults so as to safely realize the high-voltage electrifying. Therefore, a high-voltage power-on circuit and a high-voltage power-on control method which are reasonably designed are needed. The conventional common high-voltage pre-charging loop of the electric automobile has simple topology, can only realize high-voltage pre-charging and power-off control, cannot comprehensively identify the conditions of faults of the pre-charging loop and faults of a relay, cannot quickly troubleshoot fault reasons when the electric automobile has power-on faults, and even can continue the power-on process of the electric automobile, so that the faults of the electric automobile are further expanded.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing scheme, the invention provides an electric automobile pre-charging circuit and a fault diagnosis method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a pre-charging circuit of an electric automobile comprises a battery pack, an anode relay K1, a pre-charging relay K2, a cathode relay K3, a pre-charging resistor R and a pre-charging capacitor C, wherein one end of the anode relay K1 and one end of the cathode relay K3 are respectively connected with the anode end and the cathode end of the battery pack, the other end of the anode relay K1 and the other end of the cathode relay K3 are connected with the two ends of a load, the pre-charging capacitor is connected with the two ends of the load in parallel, the pre-charging resistor R and the pre-charging relay K2 form a series branch, the series branch is arranged at the two ends of the anode relay K1, and the pre-charging resistor R is; still include first voltage detection circuit and second voltage detection circuit, first voltage detection circuit set up in the group battery both ends, group battery negative pole end is connected to second voltage detection circuit one end, the other end is connected with pre-charge relay K2.
Further, the device also comprises a one-way conductive element which is arranged between the pre-charging relay K2 and the pre-charging resistor R and between the second voltage detection circuit and the pre-charging relay K2.
further, the unidirectional conductive element comprises a first unidirectional conductive element D1, a second unidirectional conductive element D2 and a third unidirectional conductive element D3, the first unidirectional conductive element D1 is arranged between the pre-charging relay K2 and the pre-charging resistor R, the anode of the first unidirectional conductive element D1 is connected with the pre-charging resistor, and the cathode of the first unidirectional conductive element D1 is connected with the pre-charging relay K2; a second unidirectional conductive element D2 and a third unidirectional conductive element D3 which are arranged between the second voltage detection circuit and a branch circuit connected with two ends of the pre-charging relay K2, wherein the positive pole of the second unidirectional conductive element D2 is connected with the negative pole of the first unidirectional conductive element D1, and the negative pole of the second unidirectional conductive element D2 is connected with the second voltage detection circuit; the positive electrode of the third one-way conductive element D3 is connected with the connection point of the pre-charging relay K2 and the pre-charging capacitor C, and the negative electrode of the third one-way conductive element D3 is connected with the second voltage detection circuit.
further, the one-way conductive element is a diode.
Further, the number of the diodes of the first one-way conductive element D1 is one, the number of the diodes of the second one-way conductive element D2 is three, and the number of the diodes of the third one-way conductive element D3 is two.
The electric vehicle pre-charging circuit fault diagnosis method based on the pre-charging circuit comprises the following steps:
1) After the battery management system is electrified at low voltage, voltage values of V1 and V2 are obtained through measurement of a first voltage detection circuit and a second voltage detection circuit, if the voltage value measured by V2 is 0, damage faults of the pre-charging resistor R are judged and reported, and the electrifying process is stopped; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the positive relay K1, and stopping the electrifying process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the pre-charging relay K2, and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vc from V1, the pre-charging circuit is judged to be normal, and the step 2) is entered;
2) closing the pre-charging relay K2, obtaining voltage values of V1 and V2 through measurement of the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit, judging and reporting a failure fault of the pre-charging relay K2 if the voltage value measured by the V2 is a value obtained by subtracting Vc from V1, and disconnecting the pre-charging relay K2 and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 rises according to the pre-charging curve, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the negative relay K3, disconnecting the pre-charging relay K2 and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging that the pre-charging relay K2 is normally closed, opening the pre-charging relay K2 and entering the step 3);
3) Closing the negative relay K3, closing the pre-charging relay K2, carrying out a pre-charging process, measuring the voltage values of V1 and V2 by the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit, if the voltage value measured by V2 is stabilized at a value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging and reporting a failure fault of the negative relay K3, disconnecting the negative relay K3 and the pre-charging relay K2, and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 rises according to the pre-charging curve and the pre-charging process is normally carried out, judging that the negative relay K3 is normally closed, and entering the step 4);
4) After the pre-charging voltage reaches a target value, closing the positive relay K1, delaying time T to disconnect the pre-charging relay K2, if the voltage value measured by V2 is smaller than the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1 and the voltage value of V2 is in a descending trend, judging and reporting the failure fault of the positive relay K1, disconnecting the negative relay K3, the pre-charging relay K2 and the positive relay K1, and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1, the positive relay K1 is judged to be successfully closed, the high-voltage electrification is completed, and the vehicle can be normally used.
Va, Vb, Vc are respectively a first set value, a second set value and a third set value which are set according to the unidirectional conductive element of the pre-charging circuit.
furthermore, the first set value Va is 1 ~ 1.4 volts, the second set value Vb is 1.5 ~ 2 volts, and the third set value Vc is 2.1 ~ 2.8 volts.
Further, the delay time T is 40 to 60 milliseconds.
further, the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit measure that the collection error of the voltage values of V1 and V2 is +/-0.1 volt.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the electric vehicle pre-charging circuit and the fault diagnosis method thereof can normally carry out high-voltage electrifying operation and realize the detection of the actual state of the relay; (2) in the process of electrifying the high-voltage loop, when the battery fails, the failure can be reported in time, the high-voltage electrifying operation is stopped, and the safety of a battery system and a vehicle is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a precharge circuit of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for diagnosing a fault of a pre-charging circuit of an electric vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The drawings are only for purposes of illustration and are not to be construed as limiting the patent, the invention being further described in conjunction with the drawings and the examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a pre-charging circuit for an electric vehicle includes a battery pack, a positive electrode relay K1, a pre-charging relay K2, a negative electrode relay K3, a pre-charging resistor R, and a pre-charging capacitor C, wherein one end of the positive electrode relay K1 and one end of the negative electrode relay K3 are respectively connected to a positive electrode end and a negative electrode end of the battery pack, the other end of the positive electrode relay K1 and the other end of the negative electrode relay K3 are connected to two ends of a load, the pre-charging capacitor is connected in parallel to two ends of the load, the pre-charging resistor R and the pre-charging relay K2 form a series branch, the series branch is disposed at two ends of the positive electrode relay K1; still include first voltage detection circuit and second voltage detection circuit, first voltage detection circuit set up in the group battery both ends, group battery negative pole end is connected to second voltage detection circuit one end, the other end is connected with pre-charge relay K2. The electric automobile pre-charging circuit can normally carry out high-voltage power-on and power-off operation, and is further provided with a first voltage detection circuit and a second voltage detection circuit, so that effective voltage data are provided for detection of the actual state of a relay of the pre-charging circuit.
in this embodiment, the pre-charge circuit further includes a unidirectional conductive element disposed between the pre-charge relay K2 and the pre-charge resistor R and between the second voltage detection circuit and the pre-charge relay K2.
The unidirectional conductive element comprises a first unidirectional conductive element D1, a second unidirectional conductive element D2 and a third unidirectional conductive element D3, the first unidirectional conductive element D1 is arranged between a pre-charging relay K2 and a pre-charging resistor R, the anode of the first unidirectional conductive element D1 is connected with the pre-charging resistor, and the cathode of the first unidirectional conductive element D1 is connected with the pre-charging relay K2; a second unidirectional conductive element D2 and a third unidirectional conductive element D3 which are arranged between the second voltage detection circuit and a branch circuit connected with two ends of the pre-charging relay K2, wherein the positive pole of the second unidirectional conductive element D2 is connected with the negative pole of the first unidirectional conductive element D1, and the negative pole of the second unidirectional conductive element D2 is connected with the second voltage detection circuit; the positive electrode of the third one-way conductive element D3 is connected with the connection point of the pre-charging relay K2 and the pre-charging capacitor C, and the negative electrode of the third one-way conductive element D3 is connected with the second voltage detection circuit.
In this embodiment, the unidirectional conductive element is a diode.
The number of the diodes of the first one-way conductive element D1 is one, the number of the diodes of the second one-way conductive element D2 is three, and the number of the diodes of the third one-way conductive element D3 is two.
other variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art, upon reading the foregoing description, such as: it is within the scope of the invention to employ different types of diodes.
The precharge circuit fault diagnosis method of the present invention as described in fig. 2 includes the steps of:
1) After the battery management system is electrified at low voltage, voltage values of V1 and V2 are obtained through measurement of a first voltage detection circuit and a second voltage detection circuit, if the voltage value measured by V2 is 0, damage faults of the pre-charging resistor R are judged and reported, and the electrifying process is stopped; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the positive relay K1, and stopping the electrifying process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the pre-charging relay K2, and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vc from V1, the pre-charging circuit is judged to be normal, step 2) is entered, otherwise, the pre-charging circuit is judged and reported to be in fault, and the power-on process is stopped;
2) Closing the pre-charging relay K2, obtaining voltage values of V1 and V2 through measurement of the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit, judging and reporting a failure fault of the pre-charging relay K2 if the voltage value measured by the V2 is a value obtained by subtracting Vc from V1, and disconnecting the pre-charging relay K2 and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 rises according to the pre-charging curve, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the negative relay K3, disconnecting the pre-charging relay K2 and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging that the pre-charging relay K2 is normally closed, disconnecting the pre-charging relay K2, and entering the step 3), otherwise, judging that the pre-charging relay K2 is in fault, disconnecting the pre-charging relay K2 and stopping power supply;
3) Closing the negative relay K3, closing the pre-charging relay K2, carrying out a pre-charging process, measuring the voltage values of V1 and V2 by the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit, if the voltage value measured by V2 is stabilized at a value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging and reporting a failure fault of the negative relay K3, disconnecting the negative relay K3 and the pre-charging relay K2, and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 rises according to a pre-charging curve and the pre-charging process is normally carried out, judging that the negative relay K3 is normally closed, and entering the step 4), otherwise, judging and reporting a negative relay K3 fault, and stopping the power-on process;
4) after the pre-charging voltage reaches a target value, closing the positive relay K1, delaying time T to disconnect the pre-charging relay K2, if the voltage value measured by V2 is smaller than the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1 and the voltage value of V2 is in a descending trend, judging and reporting the failure fault of the positive relay K1, disconnecting the negative relay K3, the pre-charging relay K2 and the positive relay K1, and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1, the positive relay K1 is judged to be successfully closed, the high-voltage electrification is completed, the vehicle can be normally used, otherwise, the fault of the positive relay (K1) is judged and reported, and the electrification process is stopped.
Va, Vb and Vc are respectively a first set value, a second set value and a third set value which are set according to the unidirectional conductive element of the pre-charging circuit.
in the above data, neither V1 nor V2 is constant, and the specific data is determined according ~ the actual conditions such as the battery type and the customer demand, the first set value Va is 1 ~ 1.4 volts, the second set value Vb is 1.5 ~ 2 volts, and the third set value Vc is 2.1 ~ 2.8 volts.
The delay time T described in this embodiment is 40 to 60 milliseconds.
in this embodiment, the acquisition error of the voltage values of V1 and V2 measured by the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit is ± 0.1 volt.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fault diagnosis method for an electric vehicle pre-charging circuit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) after the battery management system is electrified at low voltage, voltage values of V1 and V2 are obtained through measurement of a first voltage detection circuit and a second voltage detection circuit, if the voltage value measured by V2 is 0, damage faults of a pre-charging resistor (R) are judged and reported, and the electrifying process is stopped; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the positive relay (K1), and stopping the electrifying process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the pre-charging relay (K2), and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vc from V1, the pre-charging circuit is judged to be normal, and the step 2) is entered;
2) Closing the pre-charging relay (K2), obtaining voltage values of V1 and V2 through measurement of the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit, judging and reporting a failure fault of the pre-charging relay (K2) if the voltage value measured by the V2 is a value obtained by subtracting Vc from V1, and disconnecting the pre-charging relay (K2) and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 rises according to the pre-charging curve, judging and reporting the adhesion fault of the negative relay (K3), disconnecting the pre-charging relay (K2) and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging that the pre-charging relay (K2) is normally closed and opening the pre-charging relay (K2), and entering the step 3);
3) closing the negative relay (K3), closing the pre-charging relay (K2), performing a pre-charging process, measuring the voltage values of V1 and V2 by the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit, if the voltage value measured by V2 is stabilized at a value obtained by subtracting Vb from V1, judging and reporting the failure fault of the negative relay (K3), and disconnecting the negative relay (K3) and the pre-charging relay (K2) and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 rises according to the pre-charging curve and the pre-charging process is normally carried out, judging that the negative relay (K3) is normally closed, and entering the step 4);
4) After the pre-charging voltage reaches a target value, closing the positive relay (K1), and disconnecting the pre-charging relay (K2) within the delay time T, if the voltage value measured by V2 is smaller than the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1, and the voltage value of V2 is in a descending trend, judging and reporting the failure fault of the positive relay (K1), and disconnecting the negative relay (K3), the pre-charging relay (K2) and the positive relay (K1) and stopping the power-on process; if the voltage value measured by the V2 is the value obtained by subtracting Va from V1, the positive relay (K1) is judged to be successfully closed, the high-voltage electrification is completed, and the vehicle can be normally used;
Va, Vb and Vc are respectively a first set value, a second set value and a third set value which are set according to the unidirectional conductive element of the pre-charging circuit;
The pre-charging circuit comprises a battery pack, an anode relay (K1), a pre-charging relay (K2), a cathode relay (K3), a pre-charging resistor (R) and a pre-charging capacitor (C), wherein one end of the anode relay (K1) and one end of the cathode relay (K3) are respectively connected with the anode end and the cathode end of the battery pack, the other end of the anode relay (K1) and the other end of the cathode relay (K3) are connected with the two ends of a load, the pre-charging capacitor is connected with the two ends of the load in parallel, the pre-charging resistor (R) and the pre-charging relay (K2) form a series branch, the series branch is arranged at the two ends of the anode relay (K1), and the pre-charging resistor (R); the battery pack voltage detection circuit is characterized by further comprising a first voltage detection circuit and a second voltage detection circuit, wherein the first voltage detection circuit is arranged at two ends of the battery pack, one end of the second voltage detection circuit is connected with the negative end of the battery pack, and the other end of the second voltage detection circuit is connected with a pre-charging relay (K2).
2. The method for diagnosing faults of a pre-charging circuit of an electric vehicle as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a unidirectional conductive element disposed between the pre-charging relay (K2) and the pre-charging resistor (R) and between the second voltage detection circuit and the pre-charging relay (K2).
3. the fault diagnosis method of the pre-charging circuit of the electric vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein the unidirectional conductive element comprises a first unidirectional conductive element (D1), a second unidirectional conductive element (D2), and a third unidirectional conductive element (D3), the first unidirectional conductive element (D1) is disposed between the pre-charging relay (K2) and the pre-charging resistor (R), the anode of the first unidirectional conductive element (D1) is connected to the pre-charging resistor, and the cathode of the first unidirectional conductive element (D1) is connected to the pre-charging relay (K2); a second unidirectional conductive element (D2) and a third unidirectional conductive element (D3) which are arranged between a second voltage detection circuit and a branch circuit connected with two ends of a pre-charging relay (K2), wherein the positive pole of the second unidirectional conductive element (D2) is connected with the cathode of the first unidirectional conductive element (D1), and the negative pole of the second unidirectional conductive element (D2) is connected with a second voltage detection circuit; the positive electrode of the third one-way conductive element (D3) is connected with the connection point of the pre-charging relay (K2) and the pre-charging capacitor (C), and the negative electrode of the third one-way conductive element (D3) is connected with the second voltage detection circuit.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the unidirectional conductive element is a diode.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the number of the diodes of the first unidirectional conductive element (D1) is one, the number of the diodes of the second unidirectional conductive element (D2) is three, and the number of the diodes of the third unidirectional conductive element (D3) is two.
6. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set value Va is 1 ~ 1.4 volts, the second set value Vb is 1.5 ~ 2 volts, and the third set value Vc is 2.1 ~ 2.8 volts.
7. the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the delay time T is 40 to 60 ms.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltage values of V1 and V2 measured by the first voltage detection circuit and the second voltage detection circuit are collected with an error of ± 0.1 volt.
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CN105109347B (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2018-05-18 | 惠州市亿能电子有限公司 | Electric automobile high-voltage electrification circuit and its control method |
CN105548892B (en) * | 2015-12-02 | 2018-09-18 | 北京新能源汽车股份有限公司 | Fault detection system, method and device of battery system and electric vehicle |
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