CN107030319B - A kind of milling brill compound cutting tool - Google Patents
A kind of milling brill compound cutting tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107030319B CN107030319B CN201710417327.2A CN201710417327A CN107030319B CN 107030319 B CN107030319 B CN 107030319B CN 201710417327 A CN201710417327 A CN 201710417327A CN 107030319 B CN107030319 B CN 107030319B
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- milling
- cutter hub
- taper
- drilling
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B51/00—Tools for drilling machines
- B23B51/08—Drills combined with tool parts or tools for performing additional working
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C5/00—Milling-cutters
- B23C5/02—Milling-cutters characterised by the shape of the cutter
- B23C5/10—Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft
- B23C5/1009—Ball nose end mills
- B23C5/1018—Ball nose end mills with permanently fixed cutting inserts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of millings to bore compound cutting tool, including cutter hub and knife handle, cutter hub includes the drilling portion set gradually, milling portion and guide part, guide part is connect with knife handle, drilling portion is located at the front end in milling portion, milling portion has certain taper, guide part includes at least two long spire chip spaces that knife handle is extended to from drilling portion, part of the cutter hub between two neighboring long spire chip space constitutes sword valve, sword valve is equipped with cylinder backwards to the side of cutter hub direction of rotation close to long spire chip space and is oriented to land, milling portion is crossed to form the long milling edge of taper backwards to the side of cutter hub direction of rotation with long spire chip space, sword valve is equipped at least one and extends to the short helical flute of guide part from drilling portion, milling portion is crossed to form the short milling edge of taper backwards to the side of cutter hub direction of rotation with short helical flute.The present invention can reduce axial cutting force under composite material drilling processing conditions, and the outlet for being processed hole is avoided to generate layering, splitting and veining defect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite material machining fields more particularly to a kind of milling to bore compound cutting tool.
Background technique
Composite material has the series of advantages such as specific strength is high, specific modulus is big, antifatigue, corrosion-resistant, navigates at present in aviation
The application prospect in its field is boundless, especially fibre reinforced composites (FRP), is widely used in aircraft wing and tail
Rudder.Wing and tail vane need to process thousands of riveting or bolt apertures because to carry out assembly connection with airframe.Due to fibre
The particularity of composite material manufacture craft is tieed up, mechanical property is in anisotropy, and interlaminar strength is lower, drilling riveting or bolt apertures
During, the defects of axial cutting force effect is also easy to produce layering, tearing, the intensity and other performances of component are reduced, sternly
Composite product is even resulted in when weight to scrap.
Currently, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out many theoretical research work for fibre reinforced composites drilling technique,
And achieve significant achievement.Research shows that: the normal drill bit for metal material processing is in machining fiber reinforced composite material
Phenomena such as being also easy to produce layers of material, aperture tearing, hole wall surface spike protein gene, is not suitable for the processing of such material.To mention
High microsteping enhances the quality of composite material drilling, and cutter manufacture enterprise emphasis is improved and innovated for the structure of drill bit.
Some researchers design more apex angle fluted drills, and each apex angle is smaller and smaller from inside to outside, if notification number is CN
204295019 U and 202845870 U two China patent document of CN disclose this more apex angle fluted drills, by design compared with
Second small or third apex angle reduces the unit load of cutting edge, axial cutting force is reduced, so that hole exits be avoided to generate
Layering, burr and splitting phenomena.However the structure drill head apical angle the smallest second or third cutting edge only have a pair, in roughing feed
Biggish feed engagement can generate biggish axial cutting force when processing, still there is the wind for generating layering, splitting and burr phenomena
Danger.Notification number is that the Chinese patent literature of 2654264 Y of CN then discloses a kind of cutting edge and tapering transition with 3 or more
The composite processing drill bit in area, drill bit transition region band cutting edge, can play a dual role of cutting and smoothing, to guarantee hole
Processing quality.However first apex angle of invention is 60 °~80 °, and conical transition zone angle is 2 °~8 °, apex angle and transition region
Taper angle is designed smaller, so that drilling position is very long, drill bit is unsuitable for the processing blind hole on thick part, and processes logical
Also requiring when hole must have sufficient space to accommodate apex point at hole exits drills out.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of in composite material drilling processing
Under the conditions of, it can reduce axial cutting force, avoid the outlet generation layering, splitting and the milling of veining defect that are processed hole from boring compound
Process tool.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of milling brill compound cutting tool, including cutter hub and knife handle, the cutter hub include the drilling portion set gradually, milling
Portion and guide part, the guide part are connect with knife handle, and the drilling portion is located at the front end in milling portion, and the milling portion has certain
Taper, the guide part include at least two long spire chip spaces that knife handle is extended to from drilling portion, and the cutter hub is in adjacent two
Part between a long spire chip space constitutes sword valve, and the sword valve is close to long spire chip space backwards to the side of cutter hub direction of rotation
Face is equipped with cylinder and is oriented to land, and the milling portion is crossed to form with the long spire chip space backwards to the side of cutter hub direction of rotation
The long milling edge of taper, the sword valve are equipped at least one and extend to the short helical flute of guide part, the milling from drilling portion
It cuts portion and the short helical flute and is crossed to form the short milling edge of taper backwards to the side of cutter hub direction of rotation.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
The taper angle in the milling portion is α, and 5 ° of 30 ° of < α <.
The end diameter in the milling portion is dmin, outside diameter dmax, length L, the cutter hub diameter be d, then L=
0.5(dmax-dmin)/tan α, wherein dmax=d, dmin=0.6d~0.9d.
The helical angle of the short helical flute is β1, the helical angle of the long spire chip space is β0, β1And β0Meet β1
> β0。
The short helical flute is connected with long spire chip space.
The length of the short milling edge of taper is L2, and the length of the long milling edge of taper is that L1, L1 and L2 meet L1 >
L2, and L1=L.
The drilling portion includes at least two main drilling swords and at least one chisel edge, after the chisel edge is by each main drilling sword
Knife face is crossed to form.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:
Compound cutting tool is bored in milling of the invention, certain taper is arranged in milling portion, while having short spiral to arrange in milling portion
Slot and long spire chip space and the short milling edge of tapered screw and the long milling edge of tapered screw are considered to be worth doing, on the one hand since milling portion has
There is certain taper, the thickness of chip can be substantially reduced, change simultaneously the distribution of drill thrust, increases the radial direction point of cutting force
Amount, and reduce its axial component, to realize the target for inhibiting hole exits layering, splitting and burr；On the other hand because of the milling
In portion have a plurality of taper milling edge, advantageously reduce feed engagement, reduce the cutting load of single tooth, thus can be used for greatly into
To processing, stock-removing efficiency is promoted.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram in milling portion in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 5 is the left view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Fig. 7 is the left view of Fig. 6.
Each label indicates in figure:
1, knife handle；2, cutter hub；21, guide part；22, milling portion；23, drilling portion；231, main drilling sword；232, chisel edge；3,
Long spire chip space；4, cylinder is oriented to land；7, sword valve；8, short helical flute；81, the first short helical flute；82, second
Short helical flute；9, the short milling edge of taper；91, the short milling edge of the first taper；92, the short milling edge of the second taper；10, taper is long
Milling edge.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, compound cutting tool (fluted drill) is bored in the milling of the present embodiment, including cutter hub 2 and knife handle 1, knife
Body 2 includes drilling portion 23, milling portion 22 and the guide part 21 set gradually, and guide part 21 is connect with knife handle, and drilling portion 23 is located at
The front end in milling portion 22, milling portion 22 have certain taper, and guide part 21 extends to knife handle 1 from drilling portion 23 including at least two
Long spire chip space 3, part of the cutter hub 2 between two neighboring long spire chip space 3 constitute sword valve 7, and sword valve 7 is close to long spiral shell
Rotation chip space 3 is equipped with the side that cylinder guiding land 4(, that is, sword valve 7 is introduced into the side of rotation backwards to the side of 2 direction of rotation of cutter hub
Land 4 is oriented to along upper setting cylinder), milling portion 22 is crossed to form with long spire chip space 3 backwards to the side of 2 direction of rotation of cutter hub
The long milling edge 10 of taper, sword valve 7 are equipped at least one and extend to the short helical flute 8 of guide part 21 from drilling portion 23, mill
It cuts portion 22 and short helical flute 8 and is crossed to form the short milling edge 9 of taper backwards to the side of 2 direction of rotation of cutter hub, i.e., short spiral row
The side and sword valve 7 for entering rotation side after bits slot 8 are crossed to form the short milling edge 9 of taper.
In the present embodiment, long spire chip space 3 is set as 2, to (four), i.e., each short helical flute 8 is set as 2
2 are set on sword valve 7, are the first short helical flute 81 close to cylinder guiding land 4, another is the second short helical flute
82.Corresponding with the first short helical flute 81 simultaneously is the short milling edge 91 of the first taper, right with the second short helical flute 82
The short milling edge 92 of the second taper answered, as shown in Figure 3.It present invention can be suitably applied to be relatively large in diameter, 7 width of sword valve also bore by biggish milling
Compound cutting tool (fluted drill).
In the present embodiment, knife handle 1 and cutter hub 2 are coaxially disposed, and knife handle 1 is one section of cylindrical body, when use by collet (in figure
Be not shown) be fixed in machine tool chief axis (not shown) with transmit machine power force cutter rotate and have shear action.
In the present embodiment, drilling portion 23 includes two main drilling swords 231 and a chisel edge 232, and chisel edge 232 is by two main brills
The flank for cutting sword 231 is crossed to form.Long spire chip space 3 is mainly used for accommodating 232 machining of main drilling sword 231 and chisel edge
The chip of middle formation, and passing away is provided for chip, cylinder guiding land 4 play the guiding role, while work in-process can squeeze
Press hole inner wall to improve hole surface quality and dimensional accuracy.For the stability for guaranteeing drilling process, long spire chip space 3 and cylinder
Guiding land 4 is typically designed to about 23 axis of drilling portion (2 axis C of cutter hub) symmetrically, and main drilling sword 231 and chisel edge 232 are used for
Drilling forms the circular hole more slightly smaller than finished product pore size, to reduce the cutting depth of milling edge, while there is chisel edge 232 centering to make
With guarantee is processed the position degree in hole.
Certain taper is arranged in milling portion 22 by the present invention, while having two pairs short helical flute 8 and a pair in milling portion 22
Long spire chip space 3 and the short milling edge 9 of four tapers and the long milling edge 10 of two tapers, on the one hand due to taper milling portion
22 have certain angle, can be substantially reduced the thickness of chip, change simultaneously the distribution of drill thrust, increase the diameter of cutting force
To component, and reduce its axial component, to realize the target for inhibiting hole exits layering, splitting and burr；On the other hand because being somebody's turn to do
There are six taper milling edges in taper milling portion 22, advantageously reduce feed engagement, reduce the cutting load of single tooth, therefore
It can be used for roughing feed processing, promote stock-removing efficiency.
The taper angle in milling portion 22 is α, and the angle α was both unsuitable too small, and also should not be too large: one side value is too small to will cause milling
It cuts that portion 22 is too long, increases some limitations of milling portion application aspect；On the other hand according to depth of cut formula Dc=fz*sin α,
α value is bigger, and depth of cut is bigger, then cutting force axial component is bigger, it is difficult to realize the target for significantly reducing axial cutting force,
Therefore reasonable conicity angles alpha value range is 5 °~30 °, in the present embodiment, conicity angles alpha=10 °.
In the present embodiment, the end diameter in milling portion 22 is dmin, outside diameter dmax, length L, 2 diameter of cutter hub is
D, then L=0.5(dmax-dmin)/tan α, wherein dmax=d, dmin=0.6d~0.9d.The dimensional parameters pair of taper milling section 22
Performance of the invention is affected, end diameter dmin, outside diameter dmaxI.e. cutter diameter is d, which can be seen that
After conicity angles alpha determines, dminBigger, then taper milling section 22 is shorter, acts on the effect of change cutting force distribution not by milling
Obviously；dminSmaller, then milling portion 22 is longer, increases some limitations of milling portion application aspect, reasonable dminValue range
For dmin= 0.6d~0.9d.In the present embodiment, dmax=d=10mm, dmin=0.76d, L=6.8mm.
In the present embodiment, short helical flute 8 is connected with long spire chip space 3.The helical angle of short helical flute 8 is
β1, the helical angle of long spire chip space 3 is β0, β1And β0Meet β1> β0.Two pairs short helical flute 8 and long spire chip space 3
It connects, to guarantee that chip can be smoothly discharged outside hole by long spire chip space 3, avoids three pairs of milling edges in milling portion 22
The chip that (a pair of long sword, two pairs of short swords) processing generates forms congestion between sword valve 7 and hole wall.Just because of this, short spiral row
The helixangleβ 1 of bits slot 8 has to be larger than the helixangleβ of long spire chip space 30, i.e. β1> β0, in the present embodiment, β1 =
33 °, β0 = 30°
In the present embodiment, the length of the short milling edge 9 of taper is L2, and the length of the long milling edge 10 of taper is full for L1, L1 and L2
Sufficient L1 > L2, and L1=L.To guarantee that the whole length in milling portion 22 is effective cutting edge, length L1=L, due to sword valve 7
Back diameter is less than 2 sword diameter d of cutter hub, therefore the short 9 length L2 of milling edge of taper is less than the length L1 of the long milling edge 10 of taper.At this
In embodiment, L1=6.8mm, L2=4.6mm.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is only that: in the present embodiment, long spire row
Bits slot 3 is set as 2, and short helical flute 8 is set as 2, i.e., sets 1 on each sword valve 7.
The present embodiment is smaller suitable for cutter diameter, the lesser fluted drill of 7 width of sword valve, and drilling portion 23 includes two main brills
Cut sword 231 and a chisel edge 232.In the present embodiment, each design parameter is respectively α=10 °, β1=33 °, β0=30 °, d=
10mm, dmin=0.76d, L=6.8mm, L1=6.8mm, L2=4.6mm.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the present embodiment is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference is only that: in the present embodiment, long spire row
Bits slot 3 is set as 3, and short helical flute 8 is set as 3, i.e., sets 1 on each sword valve 7.
The present embodiment is suitable for three edges drill, and drilling portion 23 includes three main drilling swords 231 and three chisel edges 232, respectively
Design parameter is respectively as follows: α=10 °, β1=33 °, β0=35 °, d=10mm, dmin=0.76d, L=6.8mm, L1=6.8mm,
L2=4.6mm。
Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment, however, it is not intended to limit the invention.It is any to be familiar with ability
The technical staff in domain, without deviating from the scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, all using the technology contents pair of the disclosure above
Technical solution of the present invention makes many possible changes and modifications or equivalent example modified to equivalent change.Therefore, all
Without departing from the content of technical solution of the present invention, according to the present invention technical spirit any simple modification made to the above embodiment,
Equivalent variations and modification, all shall fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. compound cutting tool, including cutter hub (2) and knife handle (1) are bored in a kind of milling, it is characterised in that: the cutter hub (2) include according to
The drilling portion (23) of secondary setting, milling portion (22) and guide part (21), the guide part (21) connect with knife handle, the drilling portion
(23) it is located at the front end of milling portion (22), the milling portion (22) has certain taper, and the guide part (21) includes at least two
A long spire chip space (3) that knife handle (1) is extended to from drilling portion (23), the cutter hub (2) is in two neighboring long spire chip removal
Part between slot (3) constitutes sword valve (7), and the sword valve (7) is close to long spire chip space (3) backwards to cutter hub (2) direction of rotation
Side be equipped with cylinder guiding land (4), the milling portion (22) and the long spire chip space (3) rotate backwards to cutter hub (2)
The side in direction is crossed to form the long milling edge of taper (10), and the sword valve (7) is equipped at least one and extends from drilling portion (23)
To the short helical flute (8) of guide part (21), the milling portion (22) and the short helical flute (8) are backwards to cutter hub (2)
The side of direction of rotation is crossed to form the short milling edge of taper (9), the short helical flute (8) and long spire chip space (3) phase
Connection.
2. compound cutting tool is bored in milling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the taper angle of the milling portion (22) is
α, and 5 ° of 30 ° of < α <.
3. compound cutting tool is bored in milling according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the end diameter of the milling portion (22)
For dmin, outside diameter dmax, length L, cutter hub (2) diameter is d, then L=0.5(dmax-dmin)/tan α, wherein
dmax=d, dmin=0.6d~0.9d.
4. compound cutting tool is bored in milling according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the length of the short milling edge of taper (9)
Degree is L2, and the length of the long milling edge of taper (10) is that L1, L1 and L2 meet L1 > L2, and L1=L.
5. compound cutting tool is bored in milling according to any one of claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that: the short spiral row
The helical angle for considering slot (8) to be worth doing is β1, the helical angle of the long spire chip space (3) is β0, β1And β0Meet β1> β0。
6. compound cutting tool is bored in milling according to any one of claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that: the drilling portion
(23) including at least two main drilling swords (231) and at least one chisel edge (232), the chisel edge (232) is by each main drilling sword
(231) flank is crossed to form.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710417327.2A CN107030319B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | A kind of milling brill compound cutting tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710417327.2A CN107030319B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | A kind of milling brill compound cutting tool |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107030319A CN107030319A (en) | 2017-08-11 |
| CN107030319B true CN107030319B (en) | 2019-01-25 |
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ID=59540970
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710417327.2A Active CN107030319B (en) | 2017-06-06 | 2017-06-06 | A kind of milling brill compound cutting tool |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10486246B2 (en) * | 2018-02-26 | 2019-11-26 | Iscar, Ltd. | End mill having a peripheral cutting edge with a variable angle configuration |
| DE102019202165B4 (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2022-10-27 | Kennametal Inc. | Drill and method of machining a workpiece |
| CN112453532B (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Special composite cutter for carbon fiber composite spiral hole milling and machining method thereof |
| CN112719385B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-14 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | Milling cutter |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2262013A1 (en) * | 1972-12-19 | 1974-08-01 | Andreas Maier | Twist drill for forming conical bores - in plastics or printed circuits without making grooves when withdrawn |
| US5094573A (en) * | 1988-07-21 | 1992-03-10 | Hougen Everett D | Multidirectional cutting tool |
| IL211443A0 (en) * | 2011-02-27 | 2011-06-30 | Kennametal Inc | Combined drill and reamer tool |
| CN203621579U (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-06-04 | 大连远东工具有限公司 | Efficient drilling and reaming compound tool with guide function |
| CN203944890U (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-11-19 | 锑玛(苏州)精密工具有限公司 | A kind of for processing the brill milling composite cutter of through hole key grooves |
| CN104191009B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2017-07-11 | 常州创伟工具制造有限公司 | Two sword taper ball head milling cutters |
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2017
- 2017-06-06 CN CN201710417327.2A patent/CN107030319B/en active Active
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