CN107023422B - LNG engine exhaust gas reforming device - Google Patents

LNG engine exhaust gas reforming device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107023422B
CN107023422B CN201710404605.0A CN201710404605A CN107023422B CN 107023422 B CN107023422 B CN 107023422B CN 201710404605 A CN201710404605 A CN 201710404605A CN 107023422 B CN107023422 B CN 107023422B
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tube bundle
pipe
reaction tube
end cover
hollow
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CN107023422A (en
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张尊华
张宇丰
李格升
龙焱祥
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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Wuhan University of Technology WUT
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
    • F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
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    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/22—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds
    • C01B3/24—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons
    • C01B3/26—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds of hydrocarbons using catalysts
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    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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    • C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
    • C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
    • C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
    • C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
    • C01B3/48—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
    • B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
    • B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
    • B01J2219/00092—Tubes
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
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    • C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
    • C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
    • C01B2203/0238—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a carbon dioxide reforming step
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
    • C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
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    • C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
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    • C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
    • C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/0833—Heating by indirect heat exchange with hot fluids, other than combustion gases, product gases or non-combustive exothermic reaction product gases
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
    • C01B2203/1035—Catalyst coated on equipment surfaces, e.g. reactor walls
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    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
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    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1076—Copper or zinc-based catalysts
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
    • C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
    • C01B2203/1082—Composition of support materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
    • C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
    • C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
    • C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Abstract

The invention discloses an LNG engine waste gas reforming device which comprises a cylindrical reaction shell, a hollow front end cover arranged at the front end of the cylindrical reaction shell, a hollow rear end cover arranged at the rear end of the cylindrical reaction shell, an air inlet pipe arranged at an air inlet hole in the center of the hollow front end cover, a waste gas exhaust pipe arranged at an air outlet hole in the center of the hollow rear end cover and a reaction pipe bundle arranged in a cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell. The waste heat of partial waste gas is utilized to carry out the reforming reaction of the waste gas, and the hydrogen generated by reforming is introduced into the engine, so that the on-line hydrogen doping of natural gas is realized, the fuel utilization rate and the engine efficiency are effectively improved, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are greatly realized; and a double-tube pass is adopted, so that the heat transfer coefficient is improved, and the reforming efficiency is improved; in addition, the reaction tube bundle adopts a tubular fixed bed structure, the structure is simple, the heat efficiency is high, the catalyst can be repeatedly used, the temperature is sensitive, and the conversion rate is high.

Description

LNG engine exhaust gas reforming device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of LNG engine waste heat application, and particularly relates to an LNG engine waste gas reforming device.
Background
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is a substitute fuel for engines, and has a low gas emission in a greenhouse during a life cycle, and is receiving wide attention at home and abroad. However, the combustion speed of the main component methane in the natural gas is low, so that the combustion constant of the pure natural gas engine is low, the heat efficiency is not high, and the natural gas engine is easy to have the problems of lean-burn fire and the like under the low-load operation working condition. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen flame propagation speed is high, the lean combustion limit is high, the flame propagation speed can be accelerated by the hydrogen-doped combustion of the natural gas, the post-combustion phenomenon is relieved, and the complete combustion of the natural gas is promoted.
Research shows that the natural gas engine is combined with an exhaust gas reforming and recycling technology (REGR) technology, and hydrogen-rich gas is generated by mixing a part of exhaust gas containing unburned methane gas with LNG fuel through a reformer and is reintroduced into the engine, so that the hydrogen-doped combustion of the natural gas engine can be realized, the thermal efficiency of the engine is improved, and HC emission is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an LNG engine exhaust gas reforming device which is simple in structure, easy to operate and good in catalytic effect, aiming at the defects of the technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the LNG engine exhaust gas reforming device comprises a cylindrical reaction shell, a hollow front end cover arranged at the front end of the cylindrical reaction shell, a hollow rear end cover arranged at the rear end of the cylindrical reaction shell, an air inlet pipe arranged at an air inlet hole at the center of the hollow front end cover, an exhaust gas exhaust pipe arranged at an air outlet hole at the center of the hollow rear end cover and a reaction pipe bundle arranged in a cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell; the tube bundle comprises a hollow front end cover, a hollow rear end cover, a hemispherical front sleeve, a hemispherical rear sleeve, a front tube plate and a rear tube plate, wherein the hemispherical front sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow front end cover;
a partition plate for dividing the front air cavity into an air inlet cavity and an air exhaust cavity is axially arranged at the middle position in the front air cavity; the reaction tube bundle comprises a first-stage reaction tube bundle and a second-stage reaction tube bundle, one end of the first-stage reaction tube bundle is inserted into the tube hole above the front tube plate and the partition plate, the other end of the first-stage reaction tube bundle is inserted into the tube hole above the rear tube plate, one end of the second-stage reaction tube bundle is inserted into the tube hole below the partition plate and the front tube plate, and the other end of the second-stage reaction tube bundle is inserted into the tube hole below the rear tube plate;
at least two annular baffle plates are axially arranged in the cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell, the outer diameter of each annular baffle plate is equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical reaction shell, and the primary reaction tube bundle and the secondary reaction tube bundle penetrate through each annular baffle plate;
the outer pipe of the air inlet pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow front end cover, the inner pipe of the air inlet pipe penetrates through the air inlet hole until the inner pipe is inserted into the front air cavity of the hemispherical front sleeve, and the inner pipe is positioned above the partition plate; the natural gas filling pipe and the water vapor filling pipe both penetrate through the outer pipe until being inserted into the inner pipe;
the end part of the reformed gas exhaust pipe penetrates through the hollow front end cover until being inserted into the front gas cavity of the hemispherical front sleeve, and the reformed gas exhaust pipe is positioned below the partition plate.
Further, the air supplementing pipe penetrates through the bottom of the hollow rear end cover until the air supplementing pipe is inserted into the hemispherical rear sleeve rear air cavity.
Furthermore, alumina particulate matters uniformly coated with a reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni are accumulated in each tube of the reaction tube bundle, DOC catalysts are coated on the outer periphery of each tube, and through holes for preventing blockage are reserved in the middle of the alumina particulate matters uniformly coated with the reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni and accumulated in the tubes; and the ratio of the inner diameter of the tube to the outer diameter of the alumina particulate matter coated with the reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni is 2-3 times.
Furthermore, the first-stage reaction tube bundle is formed by stacking a plurality of tubes into a multilayer structure, the second-stage reaction tube bundle is formed by stacking a plurality of tubes into a multilayer structure, and a gap is reserved between every two adjacent tubes.
Further, the clearance between the primary reaction tube bundle and the secondary reaction tube bundle is 1.2-1.7 times.
Furthermore, the number of the annular baffle plates is two, the minimum distance between the two annular baffle plates is 1/3-1/2 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical reaction shell, and the maximum distance between the two annular baffle plates is 0.7-0.76 of 171 times of the outer diameter of the tube.
Furthermore, a disc-shaped baffle plate is arranged between the two annular baffle plates, a through hole for the pipe of the reaction pipe bundle to pass through is formed in the disc-shaped baffle plate, and the inner diameter of the through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the pipe.
Further, the hollow front end cover is fixedly installed at the front end of the cylindrical reaction shell through a front connecting flange, and the hollow rear end cover is fixedly installed at the rear end of the cylindrical reaction shell through a rear connecting flange.
Further, the end of the air inlet pipe is provided with a REGR valve used for adjusting the inlet amount of the exhaust gas of the inner pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the waste heat of partial waste gas is utilized to carry out the reforming reaction of the waste gas, and the hydrogen generated by reforming is introduced into the engine, so that the on-line hydrogen doping of natural gas is realized, the fuel utilization rate and the engine efficiency are effectively improved, and the energy conservation and emission reduction are greatly realized; and a double-tube pass is adopted, so that the heat transfer coefficient is improved, and the reforming efficiency is improved; in addition, the reaction tube bundle adopts a tubular fixed bed structure, the structure is simple, the heat efficiency is high, the catalyst can be repeatedly used, the temperature is sensitive, and the conversion rate is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an LNG engine exhaust gas reforming apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front end structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the rear end structure of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the reaction tube bundle of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the alumina particulate of FIG. 4 uniformly coated with Ni reforming hydrogen production catalyst;
fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 6.
The components in the figures are numbered as follows: the device comprises a cylindrical reaction shell 101, a hollow front end cover 102 (wherein, an air inlet hole 102a), a hollow rear end cover 103 (wherein, an air outlet hole 103a), a front connecting flange 104, a rear connecting flange 105, an air inlet pipe 106 (wherein, an outer pipe 106a and an inner pipe 106b), an exhaust gas outlet pipe 107, an annular baffle plate 108, a REGR valve 109, a natural gas inlet pipe 110, a steam inlet pipe 111, an air supplementing pipe 112, a reformed gas outlet pipe 113, a pipe hole 114, a front pipe plate 115, a baffle plate 116, a hemispherical front sleeve 117, a hemispherical rear sleeve 118, a rear pipe plate 119, a reaction pipe bundle 120 (wherein, a primary reaction pipe bundle 120a and a secondary reaction pipe bundle 120b), a particle matter 121 (wherein, a through hole 121a) uniformly coated with a reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni, a pipe 122, a front air cavity 123 (wherein, an air inlet cavity 123a and an air outlet cavity 123b), a rear air cavity 124 and a disc-shaped baffle plate 125.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
The LNG engine exhaust gas reforming apparatus shown in fig. 1 comprises a cylindrical reaction housing 101, a hollow front end cap 102 fixedly mounted on the front end of the cylindrical reaction housing 101 through a front connecting flange 104, a hollow rear end cap 103 fixedly mounted on the rear end of the cylindrical reaction housing 101 through a rear connecting flange 105, an air inlet pipe 106 mounted on an air inlet hole 102a at the center of the hollow front end cap 102, an exhaust gas outlet pipe 107 mounted on an air outlet hole 103a at the center of the hollow rear end cap 103, and a reaction tube bundle 120 built in the cavity of the cylindrical reaction housing 101, wherein the hollow front end cap 102 is a hollow truncated cone-shaped front end cap, and similarly, the hollow rear end cap 103 is a hollow truncated cone-shaped rear end cap.
In order to reduce the emission of pollutants in the heat exchange waste gas in the cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell 101, alumina particulate matter 121 (as shown in fig. 6) uniformly coated with a reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni is deposited in each tube 122 of the reaction tube bundle 120, and meanwhile, a DOC catalyst is coated on the outer periphery of each tube 122, so that the emission of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons in the heat exchange waste gas is reduced, and the ratio of the inner diameter of each tube 122 to the outer diameter of the alumina particulate matter 121 coated with the reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni is 2-3 times, preferably 2.5 times, so that the reforming area can be enlarged, and the reforming efficiency can be improved. In this embodiment, the alumina particulate matter 121 uniformly coated with the reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni deposited in the tube 122 has through holes 121a left in the middle to prevent clogging, as shown in fig. 7. The DOC carrier is a ceramic or metal, typically cordierite, with a large variety of metals, iron, copper, brass, etc., and is also used to reduce gaseous CO, THC, and the SOF component of particulate matter, due to the same oxidizing function of the DOC as a gasoline vehicle exhaust catalytic converter.
As shown in fig. 2, a hemispherical front sleeve 117 is embedded in the inner cavity of the hollow front end cover 102, a front tube plate 115 is welded in a front air cavity 123 of the hemispherical front sleeve 117, the outer diameter of the front tube plate 115 is not greater than the inner diameter of the hemispherical front sleeve 117, so that the front tube plate 115 is radially lined in the front air cavity 123 of the hemispherical front sleeve 117, similarly, as shown in fig. 3, a hemispherical rear sleeve 118 is embedded in the inner cavity of the hollow rear end cover 103, a rear tube plate 119 is welded in a rear air cavity 124 of the hemispherical rear sleeve 118, the outer diameter of the rear tube plate 119 is not greater than the inner diameter of the hemispherical rear sleeve 118, so that the rear tube plate 119 is radially lined in the rear air cavity 124 of the hemispherical rear sleeve 118; meanwhile, a partition plate 116 for dividing the front air cavity 123 into an air inlet cavity 123a and an air outlet cavity 123b is axially arranged at the middle position in the front air cavity 123, that is, the edge of the partition plate 116 is attached to the inner wall of the front air cavity 123 of the hemispherical front sleeve 117 and the surface of the front tube plate 115.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3 again, the outer tube 106a of the air inlet tube 106 is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow front end cover 102, the inner tube 106b of the air inlet tube 106 passes through the air inlet hole 102a until the inner tube 106b is inserted into the front air cavity 123 of the hemispherical front sleeve 117, and the inner tube 106b is positioned above the partition plate 116, meanwhile, the end of the air inlet tube 106 is provided with a regrr valve 109 for adjusting the inlet amount of the reformed exhaust gas of the inner tube (the regrr valve is composed of a synchronous handle and a damping synchronous plate for enabling the ring opening movement, and the angle between the synchronous plate and the air inlet tube is controlled by rotating the handle to control the amount of the reformed exhaust gas entering the primary reaction tube bundle); the end of the reformed gas exhaust pipe 113 passes through the hollow front end cap 102 until the end of the reformed gas exhaust pipe 113 is inserted into the front air chamber 123 of the hemispherical front cover 117, and the reformed gas exhaust pipe 113 is positioned below the partition 116. The natural gas and steam feed pipes 110 and 111 pass through the outer pipe 106a until the natural gas and steam feed pipes 110 and 111 are inserted into the inner pipe 106b and communicate with the inner pipe 106b to supply fuel and water for the reforming reaction.
Referring to fig. 4, the bundle 120 of reaction tubes in this embodiment includes a primary bundle 120a and a secondary bundle 120b arranged in parallel. The first-stage reaction tube bundle 120a and the second-stage reaction tube bundle 120b both pass through at least two annular baffle plates 108, in this embodiment, two annular baffle plates 108 are adopted, that is, one annular baffle plate 108 is sleeved on one side of the reaction tube bundle 120, the other annular baffle plate 108 is sleeved on the other side of the reaction tube bundle 120, and the outer diameter of each annular baffle plate 108 is equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical reaction shell 101, so that each annular baffle plate 108 is radially fixed in the cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell 101, thereby the reaction tube bundle 120 is fixedly installed in the cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell 101, and the hemispherical front sleeve 117 and the hemispherical rear sleeve 118 are respectively fixed in the inner cavities of the hollow front end cover 102 and the hollow rear end cover 103 by fixedly installing the reaction tube bundle 120; meanwhile, a disk baffle 125 is arranged between the two annular baffles 108, a through hole for the tube of the reaction tube bundle to pass through is formed in the disk baffle 125, and the inner diameter of the through hole is equal to the outer diameter of the tube. In addition, in the present embodiment, the minimum distance between the two annular baffles 108 is 1/3-1/2 (generally not less than 50mm) of the inner diameter of the cylindrical reaction shell 101, and the maximum distance between the two annular baffles 108 is 0.7-0.76 (preferably 0.74) times the outer diameter of the tube 122. Thus, the annular baffle 108 and the disk-shaped baffle 125 serve to support the reaction tube bundle 120 on the one hand, and increase the flow rate of the fluid in the cylindrical reaction shell 101 on the other hand, to enhance the heat exchange between the cylindrical reaction shell 101 and the interior of the tubes 122, thereby improving the reforming efficiency of the cylindrical reaction shell 101.
The key points of the embodiment are as follows: one end of the primary reaction tube bundle 120a is inserted into the tube hole 114 of the front tube plate 115 above the partition 116, and the other end of the primary reaction tube bundle 120a is inserted into the tube hole 114 of the upper portion of the rear tube plate 119, so that the primary reaction tube bundle 120a is located above the partition 116; similarly, one end of the secondary reaction tube bundle 120b is inserted into the tube hole 114 of the front tube plate 115 and located below the partition 116, and the other end of the secondary reaction tube bundle 120b is inserted into the tube hole 114 of the lower portion of the rear tube plate 119, so that the secondary reaction tube bundle 120b is located below the partition 116, thereby forming a two-stage reforming reaction; also, the tube holes 114 have a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the tubes 122 so that the reformed exhaust gas can only flow into the bundle of reaction tubes. However, when the secondary reforming is performed, since the primary reaction tube bundle 120a has absorbed heat of the heat exchange exhaust gas during the reaction, the heat and reactant during the reaction of the secondary tube bundle 120b are insufficient, and therefore, the air supplement tube 112, which is located below the exhaust gas exhaust tube 117 and penetrates the bottom of the hollow rear end cap 110 until it is inserted into the air cavity 124 of the hemispherical rear cover 118, supplies air to the secondary reaction tube bundle 120b through the air supplement tube 112, thereby providing sufficient heat to the secondary reaction tube bundle 120 b.
Methane, the main component of LNG fuel, undergoes a complex reforming process in the exhaust gas reforming reaction tubes, where the main reactions are as follows:
CH 4 +H 2 O→CO+3H 2 (ΔH θ ＝+206KJ/mol)
CH 4 +2H 2 O→CO 2 +4H 2 (ΔH θ ＝+165KJ/mol)
CH 4 +0.5O 2 →CO+2H 2 (ΔH θ ＝-36KJ/mol)
CH 4 +2O 2 →CO 2 +2H 2 O(ΔH θ ＝-802KJ/mol)
CH 4 +CO 2 →2CO+2H 2 (ΔH θ ＝+247KJ/mol)
CO+H 2 O→CO 2 +H 2 (ΔH θ ＝-41KJ/mol)
2CO→C+CO 2 (ΔH θ ＝-172KJ/mol)
CH 4 →C+2H 2 (ΔH θ ＝+75KJ/mol)
therefore, the hydrogen production reaction is a strong endothermic reaction, and the waste gas mainly contains methane, CO, water vapor and N 2 Waste heat in the exhaust gas and the oxidation reaction of methane can be recovered as a source of heat.
Referring to fig. 5, the primary reaction tube bundle 120a is a primary reaction tube bundle in which a plurality of tubes are stacked in a multi-layer structure, and in this embodiment, 22 tubes 122 are stacked in two regular triangles and one inverted triangle. Each regular triangle is formed by stacking 6 tubes, namely a first layer of 3 tubes, a second layer of 2 tubes and a third layer of 1 tube, and the center distance between every two adjacent tubes is 1.25 times of the outer diameter of each tube; the inverted triangle is formed by 10 root canals stacking, namely 1 root canal in the first layer, 2 root canals in the second layer, 3 root canals in the third layer and 4 root canals in the fourth layer, and the center distance between every two adjacent root canals is 1.25 times of the external diameter of the pipe. The inverted triangle is arranged between the two regular triangles, the first layer of pipes of the two regular triangles and the first layer of pipes of the inverted triangle are on the same plane, similarly, the second layer of pipes and the third layer of pipes of the two regular triangles are respectively on the same plane with the second layer of pipes and the third layer of pipes of the inverted triangle, and the center distance between the pipes positioned on the inner sides of the two regular triangles and the pipes positioned on the outer sides of the inverted triangle is 2.5 times of the outer diameter of the pipes.
Similarly, the secondary reaction tube bundle 120b is a primary reaction tube bundle with a plurality of tubes 122 stacked in a multi-layer structure, and in this embodiment, 22 tubes are stacked in two inverted triangles and one regular triangle. Each inverted triangle is formed by stacking 6 tubes, namely a first layer of 1 tube, a second layer of 2 tubes and a third layer of 3 tubes, and the center distance between every two adjacent tubes is 1.25 times of the outer diameter of each tube; regular triangle is piled up by 10 root canals and forms, and 4 root canals in first layer, 3 root canals in second layer, 2 root canals in third layer, 1 root canal in fourth layer promptly, and every two adjacent root canals' centre-to-centre spacing is 1.25 times of external diameter of pipe. Regular triangles are arranged between the two inverted triangles, the first layer pipes of the two inverted triangles and the first layer pipes of the regular triangles are on the same plane, similarly, the second layer pipes and the third layer pipes of the two inverted triangles are respectively on the same plane with the second layer pipes and the third layer pipes of the regular triangles, and the center distance between the pipes positioned on the inner sides of the two inverted triangles and the pipes positioned on the outer sides of the regular triangles is 2.5 times of the outer diameter of the pipes.
And the clearance between the first layer of pipe of first order reaction tube bank 120a and the fourth layer of pipe of second order reaction tube bank 120b is 1.2 ~ 1.7 times of external diameter of pipe, preferred 1.5 times, and the centre-to-centre spacing between the first layer of pipe of first order reaction tube bank and the fourth layer of pipe of second order reaction tube bank is 2.5 times promptly, does benefit to the washing and the dismouting of reaction tube bank.
The working principle is as follows: operation of LNG engines to produce CH-containing fuel 4 The exhaust gas is divided into reformed exhaust gas andheat exchange waste gas, the entering amount of the inner tube reforming waste gas into the inner tube 106b is adjusted through the REGR valve 109, natural gas and steam flow into the inner tube 106b through the natural gas air adding tube 110 and the steam air adding tube 111 respectively, the reforming waste gas, the natural gas and the steam reforming waste gas enter the primary reaction tube bundle 120a after being premixed and are reformed through a catalyst, the heat exchange waste gas directly enters the cylindrical reaction shell 101 through the outer tube 106a and the hollow front end cover 102 to provide heat for the primary reaction tube bundle 120a for reforming, and the heat exchange waste gas after heat exchange is finally discharged from the waste gas exhaust pipe 107; the reformed gas enters the rear air chamber 124, and the air supplement pipe 112 communicating with the rear air chamber 124 is filled with air, O in the air 2 Will be connected with CH 4 The reforming gas flowing out of the primary reaction tube bundle 120a passes through the rear gas cavity and then is introduced into the secondary reaction tube bundle 120b for secondary reforming, reaches the exhaust cavity 123b after reforming, and is finally discharged from the reforming gas exhaust pipe 113 connected with the exhaust cavity 123 b.
According to the LNG engine waste gas reforming device, a waste gas reforming reaction is carried out by using part of waste gas waste heat, and hydrogen generated by reforming is introduced into an engine, so that on-line natural gas hydrogen doping is realized, the fuel utilization rate and the engine efficiency are effectively improved, and energy conservation and emission reduction are greatly realized; and a double-tube pass is adopted, so that the heat transfer coefficient is improved, and the reforming efficiency is improved; in addition, the reaction tube bundle adopts a tubular fixed bed structure, the structure is simple, the heat efficiency is high, the catalyst can be repeatedly used, the temperature is sensitive, and the conversion rate is high.

Claims (8)

1. An LNG engine exhaust gas reforming device comprises a cylindrical reaction shell (101), a hollow front end cover (102) arranged at the front end of the cylindrical reaction shell (101), a hollow rear end cover (103) arranged at the rear end of the cylindrical reaction shell (101), an air inlet pipe (106) arranged at an air inlet hole (102a) at the central position of the hollow front end cover (102), an exhaust gas outlet pipe (107) arranged at an air outlet hole (103a) at the central position of the hollow rear end cover (103), and a reaction tube bundle (120) arranged in a cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell (101); the method is characterized in that: the tube bundle is characterized by further comprising a hemispherical front sleeve (117) arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow front end cover (102), a hemispherical rear sleeve (118) arranged in the inner cavity of the hollow rear end cover (103), a front tube plate (115) lined in a front air cavity (123) of the hemispherical front sleeve (117) and a rear tube plate (119) lined in a rear air cavity (124) of the hemispherical rear sleeve (118);
a partition plate (116) for dividing the front air cavity (123) into an air inlet cavity (123a) and an air outlet cavity (123b) is axially arranged at the middle position in the front air cavity (123); the reaction tube bundle (120) comprises a primary reaction tube bundle (120a) and a secondary reaction tube bundle (120b), one end of the primary reaction tube bundle (120a) is inserted into the tube hole (114) of the front tube plate (115) and positioned above the partition plate (116), the other end of the primary reaction tube bundle (120a) is inserted into the tube hole (114) of the upper part of the rear tube plate (119), one end of the secondary reaction tube bundle (120b) is inserted into the tube hole (114) of the front tube plate (115) and positioned below the partition plate (116), and the other end of the secondary reaction tube bundle (120b) is inserted into the tube hole (114) of the lower part of the rear tube plate (119);
at least two annular baffles (108) are axially arranged in the cavity of the cylindrical reaction shell (101), the outer diameter of each annular baffle (108) is equal to the inner diameter of the cylindrical reaction shell (101), and the primary reaction tube bundle (120a) and the secondary reaction tube bundle (120b) penetrate through each annular baffle (108);
an outer pipe (106a) of the air inlet pipe (106) is communicated with the inner cavity of the hollow front end cover (102), an inner pipe (106b) of the air inlet pipe (106) penetrates through the air inlet hole (102a) until the inner pipe (106b) is inserted into a front air cavity (123) of the hemispherical front sleeve (117), and the inner pipe (106b) is positioned above the partition plate (116); a natural gas filling pipe (110) and a water vapor filling pipe (111) both penetrate through the outer pipe (106a) until being inserted into the inner pipe (106 b);
the end part of the reformed gas exhaust pipe (113) penetrates through the hollow front end cover (102) until being inserted into the front air cavity (123) of the hemispherical front sleeve (117), and the reformed gas exhaust pipe (113) is positioned below the partition plate (116).
2. The LNG engine exhaust gas reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and the air supplement pipe (112) penetrates through the bottom of the hollow rear end cover (103) until the air supplement pipe is inserted into a rear air cavity (124) of the hemispherical rear sleeve (118).
3. The LNG engine exhaust gas reforming apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: alumina particulate matters (121) uniformly coated with a reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni are accumulated in each tube (122) of the reaction tube bundle (120), DOC catalyst is coated on the outer periphery of each tube (122), and first through holes (121a) for preventing blockage are reserved in the alumina particulate matters (121) uniformly coated with the reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni and accumulated in the tubes (122); and the ratio of the inner diameter of the tube (122) to the outer diameter of the alumina particulate matter (121) coated with the reforming hydrogen production catalyst Ni is 2-3 times.
4. LNG engine exhaust gas reformer according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: the primary reaction tube bundle (120a) is a primary reaction tube bundle (120a) in which a plurality of tubes (122) are stacked in a multi-layer structure, the secondary reaction tube bundle (120b) is a secondary reaction tube bundle (120b) in which a plurality of tubes (122) are stacked in a multi-layer structure, and a gap is left between every two adjacent tubes (122).
5. The LNG engine exhaust gas reforming apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: and the clearance between the fourth layer of tubes of the first-stage reaction tube bundle (120a) and the second-stage reaction tube bundle (120b) is 1.2-1.7 times of the outer diameter of the tubes (122).
6. The LNG engine exhaust gas reforming apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the number of the annular baffle plates (108) is two, and the minimum distance between the two annular baffle plates (108) is 1/3-1/2 of the inner diameter of the cylindrical reaction shell (101).
7. The LNG engine exhaust gas reforming apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: a disc-shaped baffle plate (125) is arranged between the two annular baffle plates (108), second through holes for the tubes (122) of the reaction tube bundle (120) to pass through are formed in the disc-shaped baffle plate (125), and the inner diameter of each second through hole is equal to the outer diameter of each tube (122).
8. LNG engine exhaust gas reformer according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: the hollow front end cover (102) is fixedly arranged at the front end of the cylindrical reaction shell (101) through a front connecting flange (104), and the hollow rear end cover (103) is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the cylindrical reaction shell (101) through a rear connecting flange (105).
CN201710404605.0A 2017-06-01 2017-06-01 LNG engine exhaust gas reforming device Active CN107023422B (en)

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JPH1193777A (en) * 1997-09-18 1999-04-06 Isuzu Ceramics Res Inst Co Ltd Natural gas reforming device and gas engine provided with its device
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CN105680072A (en) * 2014-12-03 2016-06-15 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Small and medium-size distributed natural gas steam reforming hydrogen production system and method
CN205668941U (en) * 2016-05-25 2016-11-02 武汉理工大学 Utilize the ethanol reformation device of engine tail gas waste-heat hydrogen manufacturing
CN206903777U (en) * 2017-06-01 2018-01-19 武汉理工大学 LNG engine exhaust reformers

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1193777A (en) * 1997-09-18 1999-04-06 Isuzu Ceramics Res Inst Co Ltd Natural gas reforming device and gas engine provided with its device
CN1887691A (en) * 2006-07-24 2007-01-03 北京工业大学 Methanol catalytically reforming hydrogen producing apparatus utilizing afterheat of internal combustion engine and its control method
JP2008101549A (en) * 2006-10-19 2008-05-01 Toyota Motor Corp Exhaust gas reformer and exhaust gas reforming system
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