CN107014726B - Air pollutant detection device and air pollutant detection method - Google Patents

Air pollutant detection device and air pollutant detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107014726B
CN107014726B CN201710362263.0A CN201710362263A CN107014726B CN 107014726 B CN107014726 B CN 107014726B CN 201710362263 A CN201710362263 A CN 201710362263A CN 107014726 B CN107014726 B CN 107014726B
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control valve
air
detection
gas
cylinder barrel
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CN107014726A (en
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李海涛
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Beijing Zhongou Purui Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Zhongou Purui Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34Purifying; Cleaning
    • G01N15/075

Abstract

The invention discloses an air pollutant detection device and an air pollutant detection method, wherein the detection device comprises the following components: a large particle separation system and a contaminant detection system; the large particle separation system comprises a gas purifying cylinder barrel, a piston and a gas input pipe, wherein the piston is arranged in the gas purifying cylinder barrel and is used for discharging the gas in the gas purifying cylinder barrel; a first control valve is arranged on the gas input pipe; the small particle pollutant monitoring system comprises a detection cylinder barrel, a detector for detecting the concentration of small particles and a gas discharge pipe; the gas discharge pipe is communicated with the detection cylinder barrel and is provided with a second control valve; the air outlet of the gas purifying cylinder is communicated with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder through a capillary connecting pipe, a third control valve is arranged on the capillary connecting pipe, and a filter membrane is arranged at the end part of the capillary connecting pipe, which is connected with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder. The detection device disclosed by the invention utilizes the large particle separation system to perform pretreatment before detection on the air to be detected, so that the detection result is more accurate.

Description

Air pollutant detection device and air pollutant detection method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of concentration detection of granular pollutants in air, and particularly relates to an air pollutant detection device and an air pollutant detection method.
Background
PM2.5 (Particulate Matter 2.5) refers to the collective term for solid particles or droplets of less than or equal to 2.5 μm in air, which may enter the lungs and are therefore also referred to as fine particles or lung-entering particles, whose constituents are mainly organic carbon compounds, sulphates, nitrates, ammonium salts and elements of sodium, magnesium, calcium, aluminium, iron, even lead, zinc, arsenic, cadmium, etc. Their particles are tiny and light in weight, so they can be suspended in air for a long time, and drift spread for a long distance, so that the atmosphere is polluted.
Haze is the result of interactions of specific climatic conditions with human activity. The economic and social activities of the high-density population inevitably discharge a large amount of fine particles, and once the discharge exceeds the atmospheric circulation capacity and the bearing capacity, the concentration of the fine particles continuously accumulates, and at the moment, if the concentration is influenced by stationary weather and the like, a large range of haze is extremely easy to appear. The main source of haze is residues discharged through combustion in the processes of daily power generation, industrial production, construction waste, automobile exhaust emission and the like, and most of residues contain toxic substances such as heavy metals. PM2.5 is the main cause of weather haze. The fine particles are the upper respiratory tract of a person and can smoothly descend into bronchioles and alveoli to reduce the immunity of the person, cause diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, cardiovascular diseases and the like, and also damage the ability of human blood to transport oxygen to protein and lose blood.
In order to enable people to accurately sense the local air quality, reduce the outgoing activities of polluted weather or remind people to take corresponding protective measures, the convenient, quick and real-time detection of PM2.5 becomes a significant work.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide an air contaminant detection device, and a second object of the present invention is to provide an air contaminant detection method, so as to solve the problem that the detection result of air contaminant detection by using the existing air contaminant detection device is inaccurate.
In order to achieve the first object described above, the present invention provides an air contaminant detection device, comprising: large particle separation systems and contaminant detection systems.
The large particle separation system comprises a gas purifying cylinder barrel, a piston and a gas input pipe, wherein the gas input pipe is communicated with the gas purifying cylinder barrel, and the piston is arranged in the gas purifying cylinder barrel and is used for discharging gas in the gas purifying cylinder barrel; the gas input pipe is provided with a first control valve.
The pollutant detection system comprises a detection cylinder barrel, a detector for detecting the concentration of small particles and a gas discharge pipe; the gas discharge pipe is communicated with the detection cylinder barrel, and a second control valve is arranged on the gas discharge pipe.
The gas outlet of the gas purifying cylinder is communicated with the gas inlet of the detecting cylinder through a capillary connecting pipe, a third control valve is arranged on the capillary connecting pipe, and a filter membrane is arranged at the end part of the capillary connecting pipe, which is connected with the gas inlet of the detecting cylinder.
The air pollutant detection device disclosed by the invention further comprises an active air inlet system, wherein the active air inlet system is communicated with the gas input pipe.
The air pollutant detection device further comprises the air release branch pipe and the air release valve, wherein the air release branch pipe is communicated with the capillary connecting pipe, the connecting point is close to the filter membrane, and the air release valve is arranged on the air release pipe.
The air pollutant detection device disclosed by the invention further comprises a first light-transmitting window and a second light-transmitting window; the detector for detecting the concentration of the small particles comprises a detection light source and a light detector, wherein the detection light source is arranged at the position of the first light transmission window, and the light detector is arranged at the position of the second light transmission window.
Further, the detection light source is an infrared light source, an ultraviolet light source or a laser light source, and the light detector is an infrared detector, an ultraviolet detector or a laser detector corresponding to the detection light source.
The air pollutant detection device disclosed by the invention further comprises an automatic control system, wherein the automatic control system is used for controlling the piston, the first control valve, the second control valve, the third control valve and the detector to automatically detect the air pollutant.
The air pollutant detection device disclosed by the invention is further used for filtering out air pollutants with the particle size of more than or equal to 2.5 microns.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a first air contaminant detection method, which is achieved by the air contaminant detection device according to any one of the above, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a first control valve of a large particle separation system is opened, and a third control valve arranged on a capillary connecting pipe is closed, so that air to be detected enters a gas purifying cylinder barrel.
And 2, closing the first control valve, opening the third control valve and the second control valve, and pushing the air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder barrel into the detecting cylinder barrel through the capillary connecting pipe by the operation of the piston.
And 3, closing the third control valve and the second control valve, and detecting the concentration of pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder by using a detector.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides a second air contaminant detection method, which is implemented by using the air contaminant detection device, and includes the following steps:
step 1, a first control valve of a large particle separation system is opened, a third control valve arranged on a capillary connecting pipe is closed, and air to be detected enters a gas purifying cylinder barrel through an active air inlet system.
And 2, closing the first control valve, opening the third control valve and the second control valve, and pushing the air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder barrel into the detecting cylinder barrel through the capillary connecting pipe by the operation of the piston.
And 3, closing the third control valve and the second control valve, and detecting the concentration of pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder by using a detector.
And 4, opening the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve, filling new air by using the active air inlet system, and finally closing the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve.
In order to achieve the second object described above, the present invention provides a third air contaminant detection method, which is achieved by the air contaminant detection device described in the third above, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a first control valve of a large particle separation system, a third control valve arranged on a capillary connecting pipe and a release valve arranged on a release branch pipe are opened, and a second control valve is closed; the air to be detected enters the gas purifying cylinder barrel and the capillary connecting pipe through the active air inlet system.
And 2, closing the first control valve and the air release valve, opening the third control valve and the second control valve, and pushing the air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder barrel into the detecting cylinder barrel through the capillary connecting pipe by the operation of the piston.
And 3, closing the third control valve and the second control valve, and detecting the concentration of pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder by using a detector.
And 4, opening the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve, filling new air by using the active air inlet system, and finally closing the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve.
If the pollutant concentration of the air to be detected is directly detected, the existence of large-particle pollutants can influence the accuracy of the detection result, so that the detection result is larger. The detection device disclosed by the invention utilizes the large particle separation system to perform pretreatment before detection on the air to be detected, so that the detection result is more accurate.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or other advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the detailed description taken in conjunction with the following drawings, which are meant to be illustrative only and not limiting of the invention, wherein:
fig. 1 is an air contaminant detection device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an air contaminant detection device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of an air contaminant detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an air contaminant detection method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings, the list of components represented by the various numbers is as follows:
1. the large particle separating system comprises a large particle separating system 2, a pollutant detecting system 11, a gas purifying cylinder barrel 12, a piston 13, a gas input pipe 14, a first control valve 21, a first light transmission window 22, a second light transmission window 23, a detecting light source 24, a light detector 25, a gas discharge pipe 26, a second control valve 27, a detecting cylinder barrel 31, a capillary connecting pipe 32, a filter membrane 33, a third control valve 34, a gas release branch pipe 35 and a gas release valve.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of an air contaminant detection device and an air contaminant detection method of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are intended to illustrate the inventive concept, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the invention to the embodiments and scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art can adopt other obvious solutions based on the disclosure of the claims and specification of the present application, including those adopting any obvious substitutions and modifications to the embodiments described herein.
The drawings in the present specification are schematic views, which assist in explaining the concept of the present invention, and schematically show the shapes of the respective parts and their interrelationships. Note that, in order to clearly show the structures of the components of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings are not drawn to the same scale. Like reference numerals are used to denote like parts.
In the following embodiments of the invention the filter 32 is used to filter out contaminants in the air to be tested that have a particle size greater than a certain range. The particle size range is preferably 2.5 microns to 10 microns. For example, the filter membrane 32 is used to filter out air contaminants having a particle size of 2.5 microns or greater.
Embodiment 1 fig. 1 shows an air contaminant detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: a large particle separation system 1 and a contaminant detection system 2.
The large particle separation system comprises a gas purifying cylinder 11, a piston 12 and a gas input pipe 13, wherein the gas input pipe 13 is communicated with the gas purifying cylinder 11, and the piston 12 is arranged in the gas purifying cylinder 11 and is used for discharging gas in the gas purifying cylinder 11; the gas input pipe 13 is provided with a first control valve 14.
The contaminant detection system includes a detection cylinder 27, a detector for detecting the concentration of small particles, and a gas discharge pipe 25; the gas discharge pipe 25 is communicated with the detection cylinder 27, and a second control valve 26 is arranged on the gas discharge pipe 25; in a preferred embodiment, the volume of the gas cleaning cylinder is greater than the volume of the detection cylinder, for example the volume of the gas cleaning cylinder is 1.2-1.6 times the volume of the detection cylinder.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the detection cylinder 27 comprises a first light-transmitting window 21 and a second light-transmitting window 21; the detector for detecting the concentration of the small particles comprises a detection light source 23 and a light detector 24, wherein the detection light source 23 is arranged at the position of the first light transmission window 21, and the light detector 24 is arranged at the position of the second light transmission window 21. In a preferred embodiment, the detection light source 23 is an infrared light source, an ultraviolet light source or a laser light source, and the light detector 24 is an infrared detector, an ultraviolet detector or a laser detector corresponding to the detection light source 23. I.e. the detection light source 23 is a laser light source and the light detector 24 is a laser light detector.
The air outlet of the air purifying cylinder 11 is communicated with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder 27 through a capillary connecting pipe 31, a third control valve 33 is arranged on the capillary connecting pipe 31, a filter membrane 32 is arranged at the end part of the capillary connecting pipe 31, which is connected with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder, and in a specific embodiment, the distance between the filter membrane and the end part of the capillary connecting pipe is 5-20 mm. In a more preferred embodiment, the capillary tube is a glass tube, and the inner diameter of the capillary tube is 1mm or less.
The method for detecting air pollutants by using the detection device of the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 3, and includes the following steps:
step 1, a first control valve 14 of a large particle separation system is opened, a third control valve 33 arranged on a capillary connecting pipe 31 is closed, and air to be detected enters a gas purifying cylinder 11; in the present embodiment, air to be detected is caused to enter the gas purifying cylinder 11 by the air cylinder.
Step 2, the first control valve 14 is closed, the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26 are opened, and the piston 12 operates to push the air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder 11 into the detecting cylinder 27 through the capillary connection pipe 31.
And 3, closing the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26, and detecting the concentration of the pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder 27 by using a detector.
If the pollutant concentration of the air to be detected is directly detected, the existence of large-particle pollutants can influence the accuracy of the detection result, so that the detection result is larger. The detection device disclosed by the invention utilizes the large particle separation system to perform pretreatment before detection on the air to be detected, so that the detection result is more accurate. The invention utilizes the gas purifying cylinder 11 to temporarily store the air to be detected, and the air is injected into a pollutant detecting system through a piston during detection; large particle contaminants in the air to be detected are filtered out by the filter membrane 32 in the capillary connection tube 31. In order to obtain a more accurate detection result, the air to be detected cannot be directly filled into the capillary connecting pipe by using equipment such as an air pump or a fan for large particle separation, because the air filled in the way has certain air pressure, the density of the air to be detected (the amount of pollutants is correspondingly increased) is increased by the air pressure, and the detection result is larger.
Example 2
Fig. 2 shows an air contaminant detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: a large particle separation system 1 and a contaminant detection system 2.
The large particle separation system comprises a gas purifying cylinder 11, a piston 12 and a gas input pipe 13, wherein the gas input pipe 13 is communicated with the gas purifying cylinder 11, and the piston 12 is arranged in the gas purifying cylinder 11 and is used for discharging gas in the gas purifying cylinder 11; the gas input pipe 13 is provided with a first control valve 14.
The small particle contaminant monitoring system includes a detection cylinder 27, a detector for detecting the concentration of small particles, and a gas discharge tube 25. The gas discharge pipe 25 communicates with the detection cylinder 27, and a second control valve 26 is provided on the gas discharge pipe 25.
The air outlet of the gas purifying cylinder 11 is communicated with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder 27 through a capillary connecting pipe 31, a third control valve 33 is arranged on the capillary connecting pipe 31, and a filter membrane 3 is arranged at the end part of the capillary connecting pipe 31, which is connected with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder 27.
An active air intake system, which communicates with the gas input pipe 13.
The method for detecting air pollutants by using the detection device of the embodiment described above will be described with reference to fig. 4, and includes the following steps:
step 1, the first control valve 14 of the large particle separating system is opened, the third control valve 33 arranged on the capillary connecting pipe 31 is closed, and the air to be detected enters the gas purifying cylinder 11 through the active air inlet system.
Step 2, the first control valve 14 is closed, the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26 are opened, and the piston 12 operates to push the air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder 11 into the detecting cylinder 27 through the capillary connection pipe 31.
And 3, closing the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26, and detecting the concentration of the pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder 27 by using a detector.
Step 4, the first control valve 14, the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26 are opened, new air is filled by using the active air intake system, and finally the first control valve 14, the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26 are closed.
The active air inlet system has two functions, one of the two functions is that the air to be detected enters the gas purifying cylinder 11 through the active air inlet system, and the piston does not need to move at the moment; and secondly, after the concentration of the air pollutants is detected, the active air inlet system is used for exhausting, so that new air enters the detection device.
Example 3
Fig. 2 shows an air contaminant detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: a large particle separation system 1 and a contaminant detection system 2.
The large particle separation system comprises a gas purifying cylinder 11, a piston 12 and a gas input pipe 13, wherein the gas input pipe 13 is communicated with the gas purifying cylinder 11, and the piston 12 is arranged in the gas purifying cylinder 11 and is used for discharging gas in the gas purifying cylinder 11; the gas input pipe 13 is provided with a first control valve 14.
The small particle contaminant monitoring system includes a detection cylinder 27, a detector for detecting the concentration of small particles, and a gas discharge pipe 25; the gas discharge pipe 25 communicates with the detection cylinder 27, and a second control valve 26 is provided on the gas discharge pipe 25.
The air outlet of the gas purifying cylinder 11 is communicated with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder 27 through a capillary connecting pipe 31, a third control valve 33 is arranged on the capillary connecting pipe 31, and a filter membrane 32 is arranged at the end part of the capillary connecting pipe 31, which is connected with the air inlet of the detecting cylinder 27.
An active air intake system, which communicates with the gas input pipe 13.
The air release branch pipe 34 and the air release valve 35, the air release branch pipe 34 is communicated with the capillary connecting pipe 31, the connection point is close to the filter membrane 32, and the air release valve 35 is arranged on the air release pipe.
The method for detecting air pollutants by using the detection device of the embodiment described above will be described with reference to fig. 4, and includes the following steps:
step 1, opening a first control valve 14 of a large particle separation system, a third control valve 33 arranged on a capillary connecting pipe 31 and a gas release valve 35 arranged on a gas release branch pipe 34, and closing a second control valve 26; the air to be detected is made to enter the gas purifying cylinder 11 and the capillary connection tube 31 by the active air intake system.
Step 2, the first control valve 14 and the air release valve 35 are closed, the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26 are opened, and the piston 12 operates to push the air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder 11 into the detecting cylinder 27 through the capillary connecting pipe 31.
And 3, closing the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26, and detecting the concentration of the pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder 27 by using a detector.
Step 4, the first control valve 14, the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26 are opened, new air is filled by using the active air intake system, and finally the first control valve 14, the third control valve 33 and the second control valve 26 are closed.
The active air inlet system has two functions, one of the two functions is that the air to be detected enters the gas purifying cylinder 11 through the active air inlet system, and the piston does not need to move at the moment; and secondly, after the concentration of the air pollutants is detected, the active air inlet system is used for exhausting, so that new air enters the detection device.
In the present embodiment, since the air release branch pipe 34 and the air release valve 35 are provided, the air release branch pipe 34 communicates with the capillary connection pipe 31, the connection point is located near the filter membrane 32, and the air release valve 35 is provided on the air release pipe. When the step 1 of inflating is performed, the air to be detected can completely fill the space of the gas purifying cylinder 11 and most of the space of the capillary connection tube. Therefore, when the step 2 is performed, all the gas entering the detection cylinder 27 is the air to be detected and the residual air is not detected last time, so that the detection result of the step 3 is more accurate. Meanwhile, in the air charging step, the air is discharged through the air discharge branch pipe 34 instead of being discharged through the air discharge pipe after passing through the filter membrane, so that the volume of the air passing through the filter membrane can be reduced, and the service life of the filter membrane can be prolonged. The above functions of the present embodiment must be implemented by combining the active air intake system with the air release branch 34 and the air release valve 35, which are indispensable.
In the above embodiments 1-3, the control of each valve, the control of the piston, and the control of the detector may be performed manually, and automatic control may be performed by selecting automatic control components in the electromechanical field. The automatic control system is only added to the above embodiments, and the automatic detection of the air pollutants is realized by the automatic control system through the control piston 12, the first control valve 14, the second control valve 26, the third control valve 33 and the detector.
The above disclosed features are not limited to the disclosed combinations with other features, and other combinations between features can be made by those skilled in the art according to the purpose of the invention to achieve the purpose of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An air contaminant detection device, comprising: a large particle separation system and a contaminant detection system;
the large particle separation system comprises a gas purifying cylinder barrel, a piston and a gas input pipe, wherein the gas input pipe is communicated with the gas purifying cylinder barrel, and the piston is arranged in the gas purifying cylinder barrel and is used for discharging gas in the gas purifying cylinder barrel; a first control valve is arranged on the gas input pipe;
the pollutant detection system comprises a detection cylinder barrel, a detector for detecting the concentration of small particles and a gas discharge pipe; the gas discharge pipe is communicated with the detection cylinder barrel, and a second control valve is arranged on the gas discharge pipe;
the gas outlet of the gas purifying cylinder is communicated with the gas inlet of the detecting cylinder through a capillary connecting pipe, a third control valve is arranged on the capillary connecting pipe, and a filter membrane is arranged at the end part of the capillary connecting pipe, which is connected with the gas inlet of the detecting cylinder.
2. The air contaminant detection device of claim 1, further comprising an active air intake system in communication with the gas input duct.
3. The air contaminant detection device of claim 2, further comprising a vent manifold in communication with the capillary connection tube at a point proximal to the filter membrane and a vent valve disposed on the vent tube.
4. An air contaminant detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said detection cylinder includes a first light-transmissive window and a second light-transmissive window; the detector for detecting the concentration of the small particles comprises a detection light source and a light detector, wherein the detection light source is arranged at the position of the first light transmission window, and the light detector is arranged at the position of the second light transmission window.
5. The air contaminant detection device according to claim 4, wherein the detection light source is an infrared light source, an ultraviolet light source, or a laser light source, and the photodetector is an infrared detector, an ultraviolet detector, or a laser detector corresponding to the detection light source.
6. The air contaminant detection device of claim 1, further comprising an automatic control system for controlling the piston, the first control valve, the second control valve, the third control valve, and the detector to perform automatic detection of the air contaminant.
7. The air contaminant detection device of claim 1, wherein said filter is configured to filter out air contaminants having a particle size of 2.5 microns or greater.
8. An air contaminant detection method, characterized by being implemented by the air contaminant detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a first control valve of a large particle separation system is opened, a third control valve arranged on a capillary connecting pipe is closed, and air to be detected enters a gas purifying cylinder barrel;
step 2, closing the first control valve, opening the third control valve and the second control valve, and pushing air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder barrel into the detecting cylinder barrel through the capillary connecting pipe by the operation of the piston;
and 3, closing the third control valve and the second control valve, and detecting the concentration of pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder by using a detector.
9. An air contaminant detection method, characterized by being implemented by the air contaminant detection device according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a first control valve of a large particle separation system is opened, a third control valve arranged on a capillary connecting pipe is closed, and air to be detected enters a gas purifying cylinder barrel through an active air inlet system;
step 2, closing the first control valve, opening the third control valve and the second control valve, and pushing air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder barrel into the detecting cylinder barrel through the capillary connecting pipe by the operation of the piston;
step 3, closing a third control valve and a second control valve, and detecting the concentration of pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder by using a detector;
and 4, opening the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve, filling new air by using the active air inlet system, and finally closing the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve.
10. An air contaminant detection method, characterized by being implemented by the air contaminant detection device according to claim 3, comprising the steps of:
step 1, a first control valve of a large particle separation system, a third control valve arranged on a capillary connecting pipe and a release valve arranged on a release branch pipe are opened, and air to be detected enters a gas purifying cylinder barrel and the capillary connecting pipe through an active air inlet system;
step 2, closing the first control valve and the air release valve, opening the third control valve and the second control valve, and pushing air to be detected in the gas purifying cylinder barrel into the detecting cylinder barrel through the capillary connecting pipe by the operation of the piston;
step 3, closing a third control valve and a second control valve, and detecting the concentration of pollutants in the air in the detection cylinder by using a detector;
and 4, opening the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve, filling new air by using the active air inlet system, and finally closing the first control valve, the third control valve and the second control valve.
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