CN107012897B - Device and method for realizing lateral soil pressure in pile foundation model test - Google Patents
Device and method for realizing lateral soil pressure in pile foundation model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN107012897B CN107012897B CN201710240167.9A CN201710240167A CN107012897B CN 107012897 B CN107012897 B CN 107012897B CN 201710240167 A CN201710240167 A CN 201710240167A CN 107012897 B CN107012897 B CN 107012897B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for realizing lateral soil pressure in a pile foundation model test, wherein the device comprises a model pile, a bottom plate, n lateral pressure transfer plates, n variable lateral pressure transfer plates and a plurality of pressurizing devices, and the plate width of the variable lateral pressure transfer plates is adjustable; the model pile is arranged on the bottom plate, the side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates are arranged on the bottom plate in a surrounding mode in a staggered mode to form a closed side wall, the outer portions of the lower portions of the side pressure transfer plates and the outer portions of the lower portions of the variable side pressure transfer plates are respectively connected with the pressurizing devices, the upper edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are fixed, the lower edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are folded or reset towards the model pile under the action of the pressurizing devices, n is larger than or equal to 2, and n is a natural number. The side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates designed by the invention can simultaneously apply different soil pressures on the four sides of the model, and overcome the difficulty that the initial soil pressure cannot be effectively simulated in a pile foundation model test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pile foundation model tests in geotechnical engineering, and particularly relates to a device and a method for realizing lateral soil pressure in a pile foundation model test.
Background
In the pile foundation engineering, the interaction between the pile foundation and the soil around the pile is the key for researching the bearing capacity of the pile foundation, and the pile foundation model test plays an important role in researching the stress performance and action mechanism of the pile foundation. When the pile foundation model test is carried out, the pile body, the soil around the pile and the vertical external load borne by the pile body can be reduced in size through the similarity ratio theory of the model test and are limited by the constraint of the similarity ratio, the actual ground stress in the soil body needs to be amplified to different degrees, a centrifugal machine is adopted as a common test method, but the centrifugal machine test is high in cost generally, and meanwhile, a pile foundation model test device is complex and large, and the simulation of the ground stress around the pile in the pile foundation model test can not be realized by adopting the centrifugal machine generally. The soil stress around the pile has important influence on the interaction between the pile and the soil, the friction action, the grouting effect at the pile side and the formation of the cemented surface of the pile and the soil. If the actual stress field cannot be obtained, the test result is difficult to be used for evaluating the actual mechanical behavior and engineering characteristics of the engineering prototype.
Therefore, the method and the device for realizing different lateral soil pressures are developed, and have an important effect on development of a pile foundation model test.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a device and a method for realizing lateral soil pressure in a pile foundation model test, which can realize an actual lateral soil pressure field without a centrifuge and can combine lateral soil pressures in different directions and different sizes.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: a device for realizing lateral soil pressure in a pile foundation model test comprises a model pile, a base plate, n lateral pressure transfer plates, n variable lateral pressure transfer plates and a plurality of pressurizing devices, wherein the plate width of each variable lateral pressure transfer plate is adjustable; the model pile is arranged on the bottom plate, the side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates are arranged on the bottom plate in a surrounding mode in a staggered mode to form a closed side wall, the outer portions of the lower portions of the side pressure transfer plates and the outer portions of the lower portions of the variable side pressure transfer plates are respectively connected with the pressurizing devices, the upper edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are fixed, the lower edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are folded or reset towards the model pile under the action of the pressurizing devices, n is larger than or equal to 2, and n is a natural number.
Further, a set of opposing sides of the variable side pressure transfer plates, which are connected to adjacent side pressure transfer plates, are brought together horizontally.
Further, the variable side pressure transfer plate comprises a central plate and a plurality of pairs of fin plates, wherein the fin plates are movably connected to two sides of the central plate, and one pair of fin plates horizontally corresponds to and is separated from each side of the central plate.
Further, the fin plate is embedded in the plate surface of the central plate through the sliding groove, or the fin plate is embedded in the plate surface of the central plate through the sliding groove.
Furthermore, the pair of fin plates are connected through a return spring.
The mould pile is arranged in the steel frame, and the steel frame is connected with the upper edge of the side pressure transfer plate and the upper edge of the central plate of the variable side pressure transfer plate through hinges; still including articulating the side reaction frame of steel framework, pressure equipment locates between side reaction frame and the side pressure transfer board, and, pressure equipment locates between side reaction frame and the variable side pressure transfer board.
Furthermore, a stiffening rib is arranged on the plate surface of the side pressure transmission plate; and stiffening ribs are arranged on the plate surface of the central plate of the variable side pressure transfer plate.
Further, the bottom plate is a steel bottom plate; the lateral reaction frame is arranged outside the steel frame in an enclosing mode and is a similar circular ring; the pressurizing equipment is a lateral jack; n is 2.
A method for realizing lateral soil pressure in a pile foundation model test comprises the following steps:
s1, forming a supporting system of the model by the steel bottom plate and the steel frame;
s2, arranging side pressure transmission plates and variable side pressure transmission plates in a staggered manner, enclosing the bottom plate to form a closed side wall, wherein the side pressure transmission plates and the variable side pressure transmission plates are movably connected with the steel frame through hinges;
s3, welding stiffening ribs on the central plate of the variable side pressure transmission plate and one plate surface of the side pressure transmission plate;
s4, arranging a horizontal sliding groove on the other plate surface of the central plate of the variable side pressure transfer plate, respectively and movably connecting a plurality of pairs of fin plates with the central plate through the sliding grooves, and connecting the fin plates of the adjacent variable side pressure transfer plates on two sides of the side pressure transfer plate;
s5, arranging a lateral reaction frame along the periphery of the supporting system, wherein the lateral reaction frame is hinged with a steel frame, arranging a lateral jack between the lateral reaction frame and the variable lateral pressure transmission plate, and arranging a lateral jack between the lateral reaction frame and the lateral pressure transmission plate;
and S6, during testing, placing the model pile on the steel bottom plate and in the steel frame, filling soil into a space enclosed by the side pressure transfer plate, the variable side pressure transfer plate and the steel bottom plate after the reset spring and the lateral jack are adjusted to the initial state, and applying different loads through the lateral jack according to different testing requirements to obtain testing data.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following positive effects: the side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates designed by the invention can simultaneously apply different soil pressures on the four sides of the model, and overcome the difficulty that the initial soil pressure cannot be effectively simulated in a pile foundation model test.
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an implementation device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of an implementation of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a top view of an implementation of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram (other view) of an implementation of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an implementation device of the invention (from another perspective).
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram (other perspective) of the structure of an implementation device of the invention.
Detailed Description
The device for realizing the lateral soil pressure in the pile foundation model test comprises a model pile, a base plate, n lateral pressure transfer plates, n variable lateral pressure transfer plates and a plurality of pressurizing devices, wherein the plate width of each variable lateral pressure transfer plate is adjustable; the model pile is arranged on the bottom plate, the side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates are arranged on the bottom plate in a surrounding mode in a staggered mode to form a closed side wall, the outer portions of the lower portions of the side pressure transfer plates and the outer portions of the lower portions of the variable side pressure transfer plates are connected with the pressurizing devices respectively, the upper edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are fixed, the lower edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are folded or reset towards the model pile under the action of the pressurizing devices, n is larger than or equal to 2, and n is a natural number.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the device for realizing lateral soil pressure in a pile foundation model test according to the present embodiment includes a model pile 10, a steel bottom plate 20, a steel frame 30, two side pressure transfer plates 40, two variable side pressure transfer plates, a lateral reaction frame 60, and a plurality of pressing devices.
Specifically, the steel bottom plate 20 is a rectangular plate, the steel frame 30 is a cubic steel frame, the steel frame 30 is disposed on the bottom plate 20, the model pile 10 is disposed on the bottom plate 20, and the model pile 10 is disposed in the steel frame 30.
The side pressure transfer plates 40 are rectangular plates, and the plate surfaces of the side pressure transfer plates 40 are provided with stiffening ribs 80, and the stiffening ribs 80 are used for improving the rigidity of the side pressure transfer plates 40. The upper edge of the side pressure transfer plate 40 is connected with the steel frame 30 through a hinge 32, and the lower edge of the side pressure transfer plate 40 corresponds to the steel bottom plate 20.
The variable side pressure transfer plate comprises a central plate 52, a plurality of pairs of fin plates 54, a plurality of return springs 56 and stiffening ribs 80, wherein a plurality of horizontal sliding grooves are formed in the plate surface of the central plate 52 from top to bottom, the fin plates 54 are movably embedded in the sliding grooves, the pair of fin plates 54 are horizontally and correspondingly separated from each side of the central plate 52, the fin plates 54 are seamlessly spliced on the plate surface of the central plate 52 from top to bottom, and each pair of fin plates 54 can be horizontally gathered towards the center of the central plate 52, so that the plate width of the variable side pressure transfer plate can be adjusted. The pair of fin plates 54 are connected by a return spring 56 so that the gathered pair of fin plates 54 can be returned. The other plate surface of the center plate 52 is provided with a stiffening rib 80, and the stiffening rib 80 is used to increase the rigidity of the variable side pressure transmitting plate. The upper edge of the central panel 52 is connected to the steel frame 30 by hinges 32 and the lower edge of the central panel 52 corresponds to the steel bottom panel 20.
The side pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable side pressure transfer plates are alternately arranged on the bottom plate 20, and a closed side wall is formed in the steel frame 30, so that both sides of each side pressure transfer plate 40 are in butt joint with the fins 54 of the adjacent variable side pressure transfer plate. The width of the variable side pressure transfer plates is smaller than the width of the side pressure transfer plates 40, and provides a space for the side pressure transfer plates 40 to move laterally.
The lateral reaction frame 60 is a similar circular ring and is arranged around the steel frame 30, and the lateral reaction frame 60 is hinged with the steel frame 30.
The pressurizing means is a lateral jack 70, the lateral jack 70 is provided between the lateral reaction frame 60 and the lateral pressure transfer plate 40, and the lateral jack 70 is provided between the lateral reaction frame 60 and the variable lateral pressure transfer plate. The lateral jack 70 is located below the side pressure transfer plate 40 and the variable side pressure transfer plate. The pressing of the lateral jack 70 may push the lateral pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable lateral pressure transfer plates to be folded toward the model pile 10.
The technical principle of the device for realizing lateral soil pressure in the pile foundation model test of the embodiment is as follows: the steel bottom plate 20 and the steel frame 30 form a support system of a model test, the side pressure transfer plate 40 and the variable side pressure transfer plate are movably connected with the steel frame 30 through the hinge 32, and the stiffening rib 80 is used for improving the rigidity of the side pressure transfer plate 40 and the variable side pressure transfer plate; the plate surface of the central plate 52 of the variable side pressure transmission plate is provided with a sliding groove, the fin plates 54 are embedded on the central plate 52 through the sliding groove and can freely slide along the horizontal direction, the pair of fin plates 54 are connected through a return spring 56, and the relative position of the pair of fin plates 54 is adjusted through the compression and the extension of the return spring 56; a lateral reaction frame 60 is arranged along the periphery of the steel frame 30, the lateral reaction frame 60 is hinged with the steel frame 30, and the reaction frame 60 is surrounded into an approximate circle, so that the reaction frame 60 forms a self-balancing system with reasonable stress; a lateral jack 70 is arranged between the lateral reaction frame 60 and the lateral pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable lateral pressure transfer plates, different pressures are applied to the lateral pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable lateral pressure transfer plates, so that the lateral pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable lateral pressure transfer plates are folded towards the model pile 10 in the middle, and the model pile 10 is pushed to apply pressure. When the side pressure transmission plates 40 and the variable side pressure transmission plates are folded, the fins 54 of the variable side pressure transmission plates are horizontally gathered towards the center of the central plate 52, so that the side pressure transmission plates 40 and the variable side pressure transmission plates are prevented from moving towards the middle, and soil bodies cannot leak when the side pressure transmission plates 40 and the variable side pressure transmission plates move towards the outside.
Moreover, as can be seen from the embodiments, the arrangement of the fin plate can be various, and the fin plate can be arranged on the plate surface of the central plate or in the plate surface of the central plate. For embodiments in which the fin plates are disposed within the plane of the central plate, the central plate is a hollow plate, one end of the fin plate is disposed within the central plate, and the return spring between a pair of fin plates is also disposed within the central plate. The arrangement can prevent the fin plate from extruding with soil on the central plate when the fin plate gathers together, thereby avoiding generating extra soil pressure.
The side pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable side pressure transfer plate structure form designed by the invention can realize that the soil pressures with different sizes are simultaneously applied on the four sides of the model, and overcomes the difficulty that the initial soil pressure can not be effectively simulated in the pile foundation model test.
The method for realizing the lateral soil pressure in the pile foundation model test comprises the following steps:
s1, forming a supporting system of the model by the steel bottom plate 20 and the steel frame 30;
s2, the side pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable side pressure transfer plates are arranged in a staggered mode and are arranged on the bottom plate 20 in a surrounding mode to form a closed side wall, and the side pressure transfer plates 40 and the variable side pressure transfer plates are movably connected with the steel frame 30 through hinges 32;
s3, welding a stiffening rib 80 on the central plate 52 of the variable side pressure transmission plate and one plate surface of the side pressure transmission plate 40;
s4, the other plate surface of the central plate 52 of the variable side pressure transmission plate is provided with a horizontal sliding groove, a plurality of pairs of fins 54 are respectively movably connected with the central plate 52 through the sliding grooves, and the two sides of the side pressure transmission plate 40 are connected with the fins 54 of the adjacent variable side pressure transmission plate;
s5, arranging a lateral reaction frame 60 along the periphery of the support system, wherein the lateral reaction frame 60 is hinged with the steel frame 30, arranging a lateral jack 70 between the lateral reaction frame 60 and the variable lateral pressure transmission plate, and arranging the lateral jack 70 between the lateral reaction frame 60 and the lateral pressure transmission plate 40;
and S6, during testing, the model pile 10 is placed on the steel bottom plate 20 and in the steel frame 30, after the return spring 56 and the lateral jack 70 are adjusted to the initial state, the space enclosed by the lateral pressure transfer plate 40, the variable lateral pressure transfer plate and the steel bottom plate 20 is filled with soil, and different loads are applied through the lateral jack 70 according to different testing requirements to obtain testing data.
The stiffening ribs 80 are used for providing rigidity of the side pressure transmission plates 40 and the variable side pressure transmission plates and preventing excessive deformation of the side pressure transmission plates 40 and the variable side pressure transmission plates caused by excessive side soil pressure after the supporting system is filled with soil.
The side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates are alternately arranged, that is, the side pressure transfer plates are adjacent to each other on both sides of each side pressure transfer plate, and the side pressure transfer plates are adjacent to each other on both sides of each variable side pressure transfer plate.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various changes and modifications of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and the equivalent technology of the present invention if they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an implementation device of side direction soil pressure among pile foundation model test which characterized in that: the device comprises a model pile, a bottom plate, n side pressure transfer plates, n variable side pressure transfer plates and a plurality of pressurizing devices, wherein the plate width of each variable side pressure transfer plate is adjustable; the model pile is arranged on the bottom plate, the side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates are arranged on the bottom plate in a surrounding mode in a staggered mode to form a closed side wall, the outer portions of the lower portions of the side pressure transfer plates and the outer portions of the lower portions of the variable side pressure transfer plates are respectively connected with the pressurizing devices, the upper edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are fixed, the lower edges of the side pressure transfer plates and the upper edges of the variable side pressure transfer plates are folded or reset to the model pile under the action of the pressurizing devices, n is larger than or equal to 2, and n is a natural number;
a group of opposite sides of the variable side pressure transfer plates, which are connected with the adjacent side pressure transfer plates, are horizontally gathered together;
the variable side pressure transfer plate comprises a central plate and a plurality of pairs of fin plates, wherein the fin plates are movably connected to two sides of the central plate, and one pair of fin plates horizontally corresponds to and is separated from each side of the central plate;
the fin plate is embedded in the plate surface of the central plate through the sliding groove, or the fin plate is embedded in the plate surface of the central plate through the sliding groove; the pair of fin plates are connected through a return spring;
the mould pile is arranged in the steel frame, and the steel frame is connected with the upper edge of the side pressure transfer plate and the upper edge of the central plate of the variable side pressure transfer plate through hinges; still including articulating the side reaction frame of steel framework, pressure equipment locates between side reaction frame and the side pressure transfer board, and, pressure equipment locates between side reaction frame and the variable side pressure transfer board.
2. The device for realizing lateral soil pressure in the pile foundation model test according to claim 1, is characterized in that: stiffening ribs are arranged on the plate surface of the side pressure transfer plate; and stiffening ribs are arranged on the plate surface of the central plate of the variable side pressure transfer plate.
3. The device for realizing lateral soil pressure in the pile foundation model test according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom plate is a steel bottom plate; the lateral reaction frame is arranged outside the steel frame in a surrounding manner and is a quasi-circular ring; the pressurizing equipment is a lateral jack; n is 2.
4. The method for realizing the lateral soil pressure in the pile foundation model test according to claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps
S1, forming a supporting system of the model by the steel bottom plate and the steel frame;
s2, the side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates are arranged in a staggered mode and are arranged on the bottom plate in a surrounding mode to form a closed side wall, and the side pressure transfer plates and the variable side pressure transfer plates are movably connected with the steel frame through hinges;
s3, welding stiffening ribs on the central plate of the variable side pressure transmission plate and one plate surface of the side pressure transmission plate;
s4, arranging a horizontal sliding groove on the other plate surface of the central plate of the variable side pressure transmission plate, respectively and movably connecting a plurality of pairs of fin plates with the central plate through the sliding grooves, and connecting the fin plates of the adjacent variable side pressure transmission plates on two sides of the side pressure transmission plate;
s5, arranging a lateral reaction frame along the periphery of the supporting system, wherein the lateral reaction frame is hinged with a steel frame, arranging a lateral jack between the lateral reaction frame and the variable lateral pressure transmission plate, and arranging a lateral jack between the lateral reaction frame and the lateral pressure transmission plate;
and S6, during testing, placing the model pile on the steel bottom plate and in the steel frame, filling soil into a space enclosed by the side pressure transfer plate, the variable side pressure transfer plate and the steel bottom plate after the reset spring and the lateral jack are adjusted to the initial state, and applying different loads through the lateral jack according to different testing requirements to obtain testing data.
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| CN201710240167.9A CN107012897B (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2017-04-13 | Device and method for realizing lateral soil pressure in pile foundation model test |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108593463B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-06-16 | 中南大学 | Pile-soil contact surface shearing mechanical property testing device |
| CN108871935B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-03-17 | 中南大学 | Pressure chamber for pile-soil contact surface shearing characteristic testing device |
| CN108593464B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-07-07 | 中南大学 | Method for testing shear mechanical property of pile-soil contact surface |
| CN110185068B (en) * | 2019-05-10 | 2020-06-02 | 河海大学 | Reduced scale model test device capable of simulating stress state of prototype pile foundation |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104074210A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-01 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Pile foundation side friction indoor testing device and testing method thereof |
| CN105649123A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-08 | 青岛理工大学琴岛学院 | Model testing method simulating influence of pile side radial stress on pile body axial stress |
| CN206635835U (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-11-14 | 广州市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | The realization device of soil lateral pressure in pile foundation model test |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20060088386A1 (en) * | 2004-10-26 | 2006-04-27 | William Ellis | Piling and pole protective wrap system |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104074210A (en) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-01 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Pile foundation side friction indoor testing device and testing method thereof |
| CN105649123A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-06-08 | 青岛理工大学琴岛学院 | Model testing method simulating influence of pile side radial stress on pile body axial stress |
| CN206635835U (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2017-11-14 | 广州市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | The realization device of soil lateral pressure in pile foundation model test |
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