CN107012662B

CN107012662B - Washing machine and speed reducing clutch thereof

Info

Publication number: CN107012662B
Application number: CN201710401524.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 闫甜甜; 胡义明; 吴迪; 陈金涛
Original assignee: Guangdong Welling Motor Manufacturing Co Ltd; Midea Welling Motor Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Welling Motor Manufacturing Co Ltd; Midea Welling Motor Technology Shanghai Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-05-31
Filing date: 2017-05-31
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-31
Also published as: CN107012662A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of washing machines and discloses a washing machine and a speed reduction clutch thereof, wherein the speed reduction clutch comprises an upper fluted disc (40), a lower fluted disc (60), a clutch mechanism, a speed reduction transmission assembly and the like, the upper fluted disc (40) is fixedly arranged, and the lower fluted disc (60) is arranged opposite to the upper fluted disc (40) and is connected with a power input shaft (11); the clutch mechanism is configured to be operable to selectively drivingly engage one of the upper and lower toothed plates (40, 60). The speed reducing clutch of the invention is convenient for the clutch mechanism to be accommodated between the upper fluted disc and the lower fluted disc, and the whole structure is simplified and more compact, thereby being capable of increasing the effective washing volume.

Description

Washing machine and speed reducing clutch thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of washing machines, in particular to a speed reducing clutch of a washing machine. On the basis, the invention also relates to a washing machine with the speed reducing clutch.

Background

The transmission system (speed reducing clutch) of the washing machine is an important part of the washing machine and has four functions of transmission, speed reduction, clutch and brake. During the washing working condition, the motor power is transmitted to the pulsator after being decelerated and moment-increased through the transmission mechanism and the deceleration mechanism; during elution conversion, the clutch mechanism is driven by the driving mechanism to act, so that the impeller and the inner barrel are fixedly connected through the transmission mechanism and the clutch mechanism, the speed reducing mechanism does not act, and the motor power is directly transmitted to the impeller and the inner barrel; after the dehydration is completed, the brake mechanism makes the inner barrel slow down to stop, the clutch mechanism resets, and the washing machine returns to the washing state.

Compared with the traditional clutch adopting the wrap spring clutch, the tooth-meshing clutch is widely applied to a large-capacity high-reliability washing machine. The lever type shifting fork clutch mechanism is a common clutch mode of a tooth meshing type clutch and generally consists of an upper fluted disc fixed on a mounting bracket, a lower fluted disc fixed on a driving source, a clutch gear ring which is connected on an input shaft sleeve in a sliding manner through a spline, a shifting fork device which is connected with the mounting bracket in a rotating manner and a driving mechanism of the shifting fork device. During clutch, the shifting fork device is driven by the driving mechanism to rotate in the vertical plane of the clutch, so that the clutch gear ring is driven to move up and down, and the engagement or separation of the clutch gear with the upper (lower) fluted disc clutch gear is completed to realize elution conversion.

The existing lever type tooth meshing clutch has the defects that the common clutch driving structure is complex, the parts are numerous, and a separate driving motor or a guide mechanism is needed to be arranged for completing the clutch action; the axial dimension design is not compact enough, the axial space of the clutch is wasted, and the washing capacity is reduced under the condition that the volume of the washing machine is unchanged; the contact position is not adjustable when the shifting fork is assembled, so that the requirements on the manufacturing and assembling precision of the mechanism component parts are higher in order to ensure the clutch reliability, and the cost is increased; the clutch teeth are unreasonable in design, difficult to enter engagement, and high in engagement noise; part of the parts are redundant in design, and double waste of space and materials is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of complex structure and loose design in the prior art, and provides a speed reduction clutch which has the advantages of convenience in structure simplification, compact design and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a reduction clutch of a washing machine, comprising: the upper fluted disc and the lower fluted disc are fixedly arranged, and the lower fluted disc is arranged opposite to the upper fluted disc and is connected with a power input shaft; a clutch mechanism configured to be operable to selectively drivingly engage one of the upper and lower toothed discs; and a reduction drive assembly including a wash drive train including a wash shaft and a planetary gear set drivingly connected between the wash shaft and the power input shaft, and a dehydration drive train including a power input shaft sleeve normally engaged with the clutch mechanism, a dehydration shaft sleeve, and a brake disc fixedly connected between the power input shaft sleeve and the dehydration shaft sleeve, the power input shaft extending through the power input shaft sleeve, the wash shaft extending through the dehydration shaft sleeve.

Preferably, a first engagement tooth portion and a second engagement tooth portion are formed at opposite sides of the upper and lower toothed plates, respectively, and both ends of the clutch mechanism have an upper tooth portion and a lower tooth portion, respectively, and the clutch mechanism is installed between the lower and upper toothed plates and is operable to slide toward one of them so that the first engagement tooth portion is engaged with the upper tooth portion or the second engagement tooth portion is engaged with the lower tooth portion.

Preferably, the clutch mechanism comprises a clutch gear ring and a clutch pressure spring, the upper tooth part and the lower tooth part are respectively formed at two end parts of the clutch gear ring, the clutch gear ring is provided with a containing groove with an opening facing the upper fluted disc, and the clutch pressure spring is installed in the containing groove.

Preferably, the clutch ring gear has a first splined hole, and the power input shaft sleeve has a first splined portion in constant mesh with the first splined hole.

Preferably, the lower toothed disc is integrally formed on a pulley having a second splined bore, and the power input shaft has a second splined portion in interference fit with the second splined bore.

Preferably, the pulley has a spline pad disposed at an end of the second spline hole.

Preferably, the speed reducing clutch comprises a shell and a cover plate covered on the shell, the upper fluted disc is fixed on one side of the shell, which is far away from the cover plate, the planetary gear set is accommodated in the inner cavity of the shell, and the power input shaft and the washing shaft respectively pass through the shell and the cover plate correspondingly and are in transmission connection with the planetary gear set.

Preferably, the power input shaft has a sun gear, and the planetary gear set includes a carrier, a planetary gear mounted on the carrier and meshed with the sun gear, and an annular gear surrounding and meshed with the planetary gear, the annular gear being circumferentially engaged with the power input shaft.

Preferably, the planet carrier is formed with a third splined bore and the washing shaft has a third splined portion in interference fit with the third splined bore.

Preferably, the housing and/or the cover plate is provided with a clutch control mechanism for controlling the clutch mechanism, the clutch control mechanism comprises a shift lever installed through a shift lever shaft and a shift fork installed through a shift lever shaft, the shift lever is provided with a clutch guide surface, the clutch guide surface has inclination along a pivoting circumferential direction around the shift lever shaft relative to a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the shift lever shaft, the shift fork is provided with a shift fork jack post abutting against the clutch guide surface on one side of the shift lever shaft, and one end of the shift fork abuts against the shift lever on the other side, and the other end of the shift fork is operatively connected to the clutch mechanism.

Preferably, the shift lever shaft and the shift fork shaft are installed on the shell through a bracket, a shift lever spring for biasing the shift lever is sleeved on the shift lever shaft, and a shift fork spring for biasing the shift fork is sleeved on the shift fork shaft.

Preferably, one end of the shifting fork prop, which is abutted against the clutch guide surface, is provided with a wear-resistant piece, and/or the shifting fork prop is adjustably abutted against the clutch guide surface.

Preferably, the shift lever shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the power input shaft, and the shift fork shaft is perpendicular to the axial direction of the shift lever shaft.

Preferably, the lever is connected to a brake band that can be manipulated to contact or be remote from the brake disc.

Preferably, the upper toothed disc is formed with an opening through which the fork extends to be operatively connected to the clutch mechanism, and/or the housing is formed with a relief for passage of the fork at a position adjacent the upper toothed disc.

Preferably, the power input shaft sleeve and the dehydrating shaft sleeve are respectively provided with bushings, and are respectively and correspondingly pivotally mounted to the housing and the cover plate through bearings.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a washing machine having the above-described reduction clutch.

Through the technical scheme, the speed reducing clutch realizes the washing and removing conversion by enabling the clutch mechanism to be selectively connected with the upper fluted disc or the lower fluted disc, so that the clutch mechanism is conveniently accommodated between the upper fluted disc and the lower fluted disc, the whole structure is simplified and more compact, and the effective washing volume can be increased.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a reduction clutch in a wash condition according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a right side schematic view of the reduction clutch of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of the reduction clutch of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic rear view of the reduction clutch of FIG. 1 in a de-watering condition;

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a carrier for mounting the clutch control mechanism of the reduction clutch of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a housing of the reduction clutch of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a lower toothed disc of the reduction clutch of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an upper toothed disc of the reduction clutch of FIG. 1;

fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the upper toothed disc of fig. 8 from another perspective.

Description of the reference numerals

1-a housing; 2-a bracket; 3-a first engagement tooth; 4-a second engagement tooth; 5-clutch gear ring; 6-a deflector rod; 7-shifting fork; 8-shifting fork jacking columns; 9-a nut; 10-cover plate; 11-a power input shaft; 11 a-a second spline section; 12-a power input shaft sleeve; 12 a-a first spline section; 13-a brake band; 14-a brake disc; 16-bearings; 17-a washing shaft; 17 a-a third spline section; 18-dehydrating shaft sleeve; 21-a fork shaft; 22-a dial shaft; 23-brake pins; 24-a deflector rod spring; 25-a fork spring; 26-clutch compression springs; 27-a bushing; 28-sun gear; 29-planet wheels; 30-an inner gear ring; 31-a planet carrier; 311-third spline holes; 34-locking screws; 35-asphalt felt; 36-spline shims; 40-upper fluted disc; 50-a belt pulley; 501-a second splined hole; 503-grooves; 60-a lower fluted disc; 102-positioning holes; 103-a threaded hole; 104-avoiding part; 302-locating pins; 303-mounting holes; 304-an opening; 51-upper teeth; 52-lower teeth; 53-a receiving groove; 54-a first splined hole; 61-clutch guide surface; 602-a driving part; 702-a connecting arm; 81-wear parts.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a driving system of a washing machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is for selectively driving the washing machine to perform a washing operation or a dehydrating operation. The driving system comprises an upper fluted disc 40, a lower fluted disc 60, a clutch mechanism, a speed reduction transmission assembly and the like. In a further preferred embodiment, it further comprises a mounting structure (such as a housing 1, etc.) serving as a mounting base, and a clutch actuation mechanism for actuating the clutch mechanism.

In the illustrated embodiment, the lower toothed disc 60 is integrally formed on the pulley 50, the pulley 50 has a second splined hole 501, and the power input shaft 11 has a second splined portion 11a interference-fitted with the second splined hole 501, so that power can be output by rotation of the pulley 50 and the pulsator and/or inner tub of the washing machine can be rotated.

The side of the upper toothed disc 40 facing the lower toothed disc 60 has an integrally injection-molded first engagement toothing 3 which engages with the upper toothing 51 of the clutch ring 5 during the washing operation. The upper end surface of the upper toothed disc 40 is provided with a positioning pin 302 and a mounting hole 303 for positioning and mounting on the lower end of the housing 1 described later. The upper toothed disc 40 is further provided with an opening 304 for receiving a connecting arm 702 of the clutch control mechanism.

The pulley 60 is an integral injection-molded part, and is integrally injection-molded with the second engaging tooth portion 4 engaged with the clutch gear ring 5, and is engaged with the lower tooth portion 52 of the clutch gear ring 5 under a dehydration condition. The pulley 50 is also integrally injection-molded with a second splined hole 501 in interference fit with a spline shaft (a second splined portion 11 a) at the lower end of the power input shaft 11, and a receiving groove 53 is provided at the lower end of the second splined hole 501, and the receiving groove 53 is used for mounting the locking screw 34. After the locking screw 34 is locked, the highest point of the head of the locking screw does not exceed the upper end face of the accommodating groove 53. The pulley 50 is further fixedly provided with a spline pad 36 made of metal, and the spline pad 36 is arranged at the upper end of the second spline hole 501.

The clutch mechanism includes a clutch ring gear 5, the clutch ring gear 5 having an upper toothed portion 51 at an upper end for engagement with the first engagement toothed portion 3 of the upper toothed disc 40 and a lower toothed portion 52 at a lower end for engagement with the second engagement toothed portion 4 of the lower toothed disc 60. The clutch gear ring 5 is accommodated in a cavity between the upper gear plate 40 and the lower gear plate 60 and can slide towards one of the upper gear plate 40 and the lower gear plate 60 under the action of the clutch control mechanism so that the upper gear part 51 or the lower gear part 52 thereof is correspondingly engaged with the first engaging gear part 3 and the second engaging gear part 4.

The clutch ring gear 5 has a receiving groove 53 formed at one end thereof facing the upper toothed disc 40, in which the clutch compression spring 26 is received, and is capable of performing a weight reduction function. The clutch ring gear 5 has a first splined bore 54 in its central bore, and the first splined bore 54 is normally engaged with the first splined portion 12a of the power input shaft sleeve 12. Thus, in the washing condition, the lower fluted disc 60 drives the power input shaft 11 to rotate, thereby rotating the pulsator; at the same time, the clutch ring gear 5 is constrained with its upper toothed portion 51 engaged with the first engaging toothed portion 3 of the upper toothed disc 40, thereby locking the power input shaft sleeve 12 and its drivingly connected inner tub. When dehydration is required, it may be manipulated such that the clutch ring gear 5 slides toward the rotor portion 50 until the lower teeth 52 mesh with the second engagement teeth 4, whereby rotation of the rotor portion 50 is transmitted through the power input shaft 11 and the power input sleeve 12 at the same time.

For ease of illustration, the reduction drive assembly includes a wash drive train and a dehydration drive train depending on the drive path under different conditions. The washing drive train comprises a planetary gear set with an inner gear ring 30, a planet carrier 31 and planet gears 29, and a washing shaft 17, wherein the power input shaft 11 is integrally formed with a sun gear 28 and meshed with the planet gears 29. The carrier 31 has a third splined hole 311, and the washing shaft 17 has a third splined portion 17a that is interference fit with the third splined hole 311. Thereby, the power input shaft 11 is driven by the rotor portion 50 to rotate and drive the planetary gears 29 to rotate; and since the ring gear 30 is fixed circumferentially such as to the power input sleeve 12 (which is locked circumferentially by the clutch ring gear 5 at this time) not to rotate, power is transmitted to the washing shaft 17 at a reduced speed, thereby performing a washing operation.

The dehydrating drive train comprises a power input sleeve 12, a brake disc 14 and a dehydrating sleeve 18, which are normally coupled to the clutch ring gear 5. In a dehydrating condition in which the clutch ring gear 5 is switched such that the lower teeth 52 thereof mesh with the second engaging teeth 4 of the rotor portion 50, the rotor portion 50 drives the power input shaft 11 and the power input shaft sleeve 12 to rotate at a constant speed, and the power input shaft sleeve 12 and the dehydrating shaft sleeve 18 are fixedly connected to both axial ends of the brake disc 14, respectively, whereby the inner tub is driven to rotate by the dehydrating shaft sleeve 18. At the same time, the power input shaft 11 still transmits rotation to the planetary gear set, but since the ring gear 30 can be rotated by the power input shaft sleeve 12, the planetary gear set can transmit rotation of the power input shaft 11 to the washing shaft 17 at a constant speed. Therefore, the inner tub and the pulsator have the same angular velocity.

The power input sleeve 12 and the dehydrating sleeve 18 may have bushings 27 mounted therein, respectively, and are pivotally mounted to the housing 1 and the cover plate 10, respectively, by bearings 16. Wherein the bushing 27 may be located only at the end of the power input sleeve 12 or the dewatering sleeve 18, and a felt 35 may be disposed therebetween. The housing 1 and the cover plate 10 may serve as a mounting base for the entire drive system.

Specifically, the stator portion 40 of the motor assembly may have a positioning pin 302 and a mounting hole 303, and the end of the housing 1 is correspondingly formed with the positioning hole 102 and the screw hole 103. Thus, during the mounting process, it is possible to first determine the mounting position by inserting the positioning pin 302 into the positioning hole 102, and fixedly attach the stator portion 40 of the motor assembly to the housing 1 by a fastener such as a bolt passing through the mounting hole 303 and the screw hole 103. The aforementioned planetary gear set may be accommodated in an inner cavity of the housing 1, and the power input shaft 11 and the washing shaft 17 are respectively connected to the planetary gear set through the housing 1 and the cover plate 10 in a driving manner.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing 1 and/or the cover plate 10 are/is provided with a clutch actuation mechanism for actuating the clutch mechanism, which comprises a lever 6 and a fork 7. Wherein the shift lever 6 is mounted on the housing 1 through the shift lever shaft 22, and has a clutch guide surface 61, the clutch guide surface 61 having an inclination angle with respect to a plane perpendicular to an axial direction of the shift lever shaft 22 (i.e., a normal plane of the pivot axis); the fork 7 is mounted to the housing 1 by a fork shaft 21 and has a fork leg 8, which can be an adjusting screw, one end of which abuts against the clutch guide surface 61. Therefore, when the driving lever 6 rotates around the lever shaft 22, the abutting position of the fork prop 8 on the clutch guide surface 61 changes, and the clutch guide surface 61 has an inclination relative to the pivot plane along the pivot circumferential direction, so that the fork 7 generates axial displacement at the end of the fork prop 8, and further pivots around the fork shaft 21, and the clutch mechanism is driven to axially move, thereby implementing the clutch operation. The clutch control mechanism enables the shifting fork 7 to pivot and the clutch mechanism to axially displace through the clutch guide surface 61 with the gradient, and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable control and the like. Typically, the shift lever shaft 22 is disposed parallel to the power input shaft 11 and the shift rail shaft 21 is perpendicular thereto.

The shift lever shaft 22 and the shift lever shaft 21 may be coupled to the housing 1 and/or the cover plate 10 in a variety of ways. In the illustrated embodiment, a bracket 2 fixed to the housing 1 is provided as a connection base. In order to keep the fork post 8 against the clutch guide surface 61, the fork shaft 21 is provided with a fork spring 25 for biasing the fork 7. In addition, the lever shaft 22 may be sleeved with a lever spring 24 that biases the lever 6, thereby being able to return to the initial position (the upper tooth portion 51 of the clutch ring gear 5 engages with the first engagement tooth portion 3 of the stator portion 40) after the clutch operation.

One end of the fork prop 8 abutting against the clutch guide surface 61 may be provided with a wear-resistant member 81 (e.g., a steel ball), thereby reducing wear during clutch manipulation and maintaining clutch sensitivity by reducing a contact area. Alternatively, the fork lifter 8 is adjustably abutted against the clutch guide surface 61, as by the nut 9, whereby the extension length of the fork lifter 8 toward the clutch guide surface 61 can be adjusted when there is less restoring force as the fork spring 21 is used for a long period of time.

After the dehydration operation, the clutch ring gear 5 needs to be engaged with the upper gear plate 40 to lock the inner tub. In order to reduce collision damage to the meshing teeth, the rotational speed of the clutch ring gear 5 should be rapidly reduced after it is disengaged from the lower toothed disc 60 engaged during the dehydration operation. To this end, the lever 6 is connected to the brake band 13 via a brake pin 23, and the brake band 13 can be simultaneously manipulated to contact or separate from the brake disc 14 during rotation of the lever 6 about the lever shaft 22 to lock or unlock the circumferential position of the dehydrating drive train with the brake band 13 while manipulating the clutch ring gear 5 to switch the engagement relationship with the upper and lower

toothed discs

40 and 60.

In the present invention, the fork 7 needs to extend from outside the housing 1 between the stator portion 40 and the rotor portion 50 to operatively connect the clutch ring gear 5. For this, the stator part 40 may form an opening 304 through which the connection arm 702 of the fork 7 extends through the opening 304. In addition, a relief 104 may be formed at a position of the housing 1 near the stator portion 40 to avoid interference with the setting or movement of the fork 7.

In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following describes the operation of the driving system according to a preferred embodiment:

1. the initial position is as follows: under the action of the deflector rod spring 24, the deflector rod 6 drives the brake band 13 to hold the brake disc 14 tightly, and the inner barrel brakes; meanwhile, under the action of the shifting fork spring 25, the wear-resistant piece 81 is always and reliably contacted with the clutch guide surface 61, and the other end of the wear-resistant piece is tightly propped against the clutch gear ring 5, so that the clutch gear ring 5 is in a meshed state with the first joint tooth part 3, and the inner barrel is locked; the clutch compression spring 26 is in a compressed state, and the washing machine is in a washing state.

2. When a dehydration instruction is sent out: the deflector rod 6 rotates around the deflector rod shaft 22 by a certain angle, the brake band 13 releases the brake disc 14, and the braking state of the inner barrel is released; at the same time, the clutch guide surface 61 also rotates by a certain angle, and at the moment, the position of the contact point of the wear-resisting piece 81 and the clutch guide surface 61 in the axial direction changes (moves upwards), so that the shifting fork 7 and the clutch gear ring 5 start to be separated by rotating around the shifting fork shaft 21 to drive the protruding part at the other end to move in the opposite direction (move downwards); the clutch gear ring 5 moves downwards under the action of self gravity and the restoring force of the clutch pressure spring 26, the clutch gear ring 5 is disengaged from the first engagement tooth part 3 and then enters into engagement with the second engagement tooth part 4, and the inner barrel is fixedly connected with the impeller to finish elution conversion. At this time, the travel of the shifting fork 7 can be made to be larger than that of the clutch gear ring 5, the protruding part of the shifting fork is separated from the gear ring limiting surface, and abrasion between the shifting fork and the gear ring limiting surface under the high-speed dehydration working condition is avoided.

3. When the dehydration is completed: the driver connected to the driving part 602 of the deflector rod 6 stops working, the deflector rod 6 resets under the action of the reset force of the deflector rod spring 24, the brake belt 13 is driven to contact with the brake disc 14, and the clutch starts braking action; the shifting fork 6 drives the clutch guide surface 61 to reset, the wear-resistant piece 81 is pushed to move downwards, the shifting fork 7 drives the clutch gear ring 5 to move upwards, the clutch gear ring 5 is disengaged from the second engaging tooth part 4 and then enters into engagement with the first engaging tooth part 3, the inner barrel is locked, and the clutch returns to a washing state.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, a number of simple variants of the technical solution of the invention are possible, including combinations of individual specific technical features in any suitable way. The various possible combinations of the invention are not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition. Such simple variations and combinations are likewise to be regarded as being within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A speed reducing clutch of a washing machine, comprising:

the upper fluted disc (40) and the lower fluted disc (60), wherein the upper fluted disc (40) is fixedly arranged, and the lower fluted disc (60) is arranged opposite to the upper fluted disc (40) and is connected with a power input shaft (11);

a clutch mechanism arranged to be operable to be selectively drivingly engaged to one of the upper and lower toothed discs (40, 60); the method comprises the steps of,

a reduction drive assembly comprising a washing drive train and a dewatering drive train, said washing drive train comprising a washing shaft (17) and a planetary gear set drivingly connected between the washing shaft (17) and the power input shaft (11), said dewatering drive train comprising a dewatering sleeve (18), a power input sleeve (12) normally engaged with the clutch mechanism and a brake disc (14) fixedly connected between the power input sleeve (12) and the dewatering sleeve (18), the power input shaft (11) extending through the power input sleeve (12), the washing shaft (17) extending through the dewatering sleeve (18),

a housing (1) and a cover plate (10) covered on the housing (1), wherein the upper fluted disc (40) is fixed on one side of the housing (1) facing away from the cover plate (10), a clutch control mechanism for controlling the clutch mechanism is arranged on the housing (1) and/or the cover plate (10), the clutch control mechanism comprises a shift lever (6) arranged through a shift lever shaft (22) and a shift fork (7) arranged through a shift fork shaft (21), the shift lever shaft (22) is parallel to the axial direction of the power input shaft (11), the shift fork shaft (21) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the shift lever shaft (22), the shift lever (6) is provided with a clutch guide surface (61), the clutch guide surface (61) has an inclination relative to a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the shift lever shaft (22) along the pivoting circumference of the shift lever shaft (22), the shift fork (7) is provided with a shift fork (8) abutting against the clutch guide surface (61) on one side of the shift lever shaft (21), and the shift fork (7) is operatively connected to the other side of the shift fork.

2. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper and lower toothed plates (40, 60) are formed with first and second engagement teeth (3, 4) on opposite sides of each other, respectively, and both ends of the clutch mechanism have upper and lower teeth (51, 52), respectively, which is mounted between the lower and upper toothed plates (60, 40) and can be manipulated to slide toward one of them, so that the first engagement teeth (3) are engaged with the upper teeth (51) or the second engagement teeth (4) are engaged with the lower teeth (52).

3. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the clutch mechanism comprises a clutch ring gear (5) and a clutch compression spring (26), the upper tooth portion (51) and the lower tooth portion (52) are respectively formed at both end portions of the clutch ring gear (5), the clutch ring gear (5) is formed with a receiving groove (53) open toward the upper tooth plate (40), and the clutch compression spring (26) is mounted in the receiving groove (53).

4. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the clutch ring gear (5) has a first splined hole (54), and the power input sleeve (12) has a first splined portion (12 a) that is in constant mesh with the first splined hole (54).

5. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower toothed disc (60) is integrally formed on a pulley (50), the pulley (50) having a second splined hole (501), the power input shaft (11) having a second splined portion (11 a) interference-fitted with the second splined hole (501).

6. The reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the pulley (50) has a spline pad (36) provided at an end of the second spline hole (501).

7. A reduction clutch for a washing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the planetary gear set is accommodated in the inner cavity of the housing (1), and the power input shaft (11) and the washing shaft (17) are in driving connection with the planetary gear set through the housing (1) and the cover plate (10), respectively.

8. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the power input shaft (11) has a sun gear (28), the planetary gear set comprising a planet carrier (31), a planet wheel (29) mounted on the planet carrier (31) and meshing with the sun gear (28), an annulus gear (30) surrounding and meshing with the planet wheel (29), the annulus gear (30) being circumferentially coupled to the power input shaft sleeve (12).

9. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that the planet carrier (31) is formed with a third splined hole (311), and the washing shaft (17) has a third splined portion (17 a) interference-fitted with the third splined hole (311).

10. The speed reducing clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, wherein the shift lever shaft (22) and the shift fork shaft (21) are mounted on the housing (1) through a bracket (2), a shift lever spring (24) for biasing the shift lever (6) is sleeved on the shift lever shaft (22), and a shift fork spring (25) for biasing the shift fork (7) is sleeved on the shift fork shaft (21).

11. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that one end of the fork prop (8) abutting against the clutch guide surface (61) is provided with wear parts (81) and/or that the fork prop (8) is adjustably abutting against the clutch guide surface (61).

12. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the lever (6) is connected with a brake band (13) which can be manipulated to be in contact with or away from the brake disc (14).

13. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the upper toothed disc (40) is formed with an opening (304), through which opening (304) the fork (7) extends to be operatively connected to the clutch mechanism, and/or in that the housing (1) is formed with a relief (104) for the passage of the fork (7) in a position close to the upper toothed disc (40).

14. A reduction clutch of a washing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the power input sleeve (12) and the dewatering sleeve (18) are respectively fitted with bushings (27) and are respectively pivotally mounted to the housing (1) and the cover plate (10) by means of bearings (16).

15. A washing machine comprising a reduction clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 14.