CN107010898B - Grouting material for submarine tunnel - Google Patents
Grouting material for submarine tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN107010898B CN107010898B CN201710305254.8A CN201710305254A CN107010898B CN 107010898 B CN107010898 B CN 107010898B CN 201710305254 A CN201710305254 A CN 201710305254A CN 107010898 B CN107010898 B CN 107010898B
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- matrix
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- water reducing
- composite additive
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00724—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 in mining operations, e.g. for backfilling; in making tunnels or galleries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/24—Sea water resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
The grouting material for the submarine tunnel comprises a composite additive, wherein the effective components of the composite additive comprise aluminum sulfate, sodium fluoride, a water reducing agent and the balance of a matrix, and the matrix is one or a mixture of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and a polyacrylamide aqueous solution. After being combined with a matrix formed by polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide, the water reducing agent contained in the composite additive can be uniformly dispersed in a cement slurry system to cover the surface of cement particles, reduce the surface energy of the cement particles, reduce the agglomeration of the cement particles and release a large amount of free moisture, so that the slurry can also keep larger fluidity under the condition of using lower water-cement ratio, and has good injectability; meanwhile, the water reducing agent and the matrix have a retarding effect, the grouting liquid keeps good fluidity at the initial stage, and the grouting liquid has a certain pumpable period, so that construction operation is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grouting material in the field of inorganic materials, in particular to a grouting material for a submarine tunnel.
Background
Grouting techniques stem from the special requirements of underground works. Underground engineering often encounters underground water damage and weak strata, and is treated by a grouting method so as to achieve the purpose of improving the performance of rock-soil layers. The grouting plays a great role in solving the difficult engineering problems which are difficult to solve by some conventional methods in modern engineering. The method is characterized in that the stratum can be reinforced and improved in situ.
When grouting in a common stratum, a good grouting effect is required to be obtained, and the grout has the following characteristics: (1) the slurry keeps good fluidity in a pumpable period and has good injectability; (2) the time interval from the pumpable period to the initial setting and the final setting of the slurry is short, and the controllability is good; (3) for submarine tunnel engineering in a highly corrosive environment, the slurry has good stability, a compact stone body is formed, and the curtain keeps good durability under the action of long-term seepage.
At present, the common cement grouting liquid generally adopts a large water-cement ratio to meet the grouting property of the grouting liquid, but the controllability and the stability of the grouting liquid have outstanding problems. Especially, when underground water is encountered in the grouting process, a part of grout is flushed into the fracture by water, but a part of grout is exchanged with water, if the grout is not controllable, namely the setting time of the grout is not controllable, the grout can be set within tens of minutes or hours, the underground water in the fracture can erode the poured grout before the grout is not set, most of the grout poured into the fracture can be flushed by the underground water before the grout is not set, only a small part of grout is set, and the grout is completely poured into the hole on the surface.
In tunnel engineering, the water cement ratio of cement grouting liquid is usually more than 0.6, so that cement particles are fully dispersed to form good grouting performance, and the addition of the water reducing agent in the cement grouting liquid does not have obvious influence on the fluidity of the cement grouting liquid, but obviously increases the cost of the grouting material; when the accelerator is used in a cement grouting liquid, the grouting liquid rapidly loses fluidity due to the rapid reaction of the accelerator in an early stage, so that the grouting property is deteriorated and the grouting effect is poor. Because the common cement grouting liquid for tunnel engineering is only obtained by mixing cement and water in a large cement-water ratio, the common cement grouting liquid has good injectability and also has the problems of slow condensation, low calculus rate and low calculus body anti-permeability level.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the controllability and stability of the existing cement grouting liquid are poor, the invention provides the grouting material for the submarine tunnel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the grouting material for the submarine tunnel is slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.55-1.0, which is prepared by adding water to powder, wherein the powder is formed by adding 6-20 wt% of a composite additive into silicate cement and mixing, the composite additive comprises 60-67 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 12-17 wt% of sodium sulfate, 4-6 wt% of sodium fluoride, 6-10 wt% of a water reducing agent and the balance of a matrix according to weight percentage, and the matrix is one or two of a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 0.5-4% and a polyacrylamide aqueous solution.
The preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps:
1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide or a mixture of the polyvinyl alcohol and the polyacrylamide according to the proportion, and dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol or the polyacrylamide or the mixture of the polyvinyl alcohol and the polyacrylamide in water to form a matrix for later use;
2) weighing aluminum hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, dilute sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 25-30%, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 20-30% and a water reducing agent according to the proportion of the above substances for later use;
3) adding the sodium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the water reducing agent weighed in the step 2) into the matrix prepared in the step 1), stirring uniformly, and then sequentially adding the dilute sulfuric acid and the hydrofluoric acid weighed in the step 2) into the matrix for reaction;
4) after the reaction is finished, evaporating the liquid at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ until the liquid meets the proportion, and obtaining the composite additive.
The composite additive also contains sodium hydroxide with the mass of 0.4-0.8% of that of the matrix.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent or a naphthalene water reducing agent.
Has the advantages that: the water reducing agent contained in the composite additive is mixed with polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamideAfter the formed matrix is combined, the matrix can be uniformly dispersed in a cement slurry system to cover the surface of cement particles, the surface energy of the cement particles is reduced, the agglomeration of the cement particles is reduced, a large amount of free moisture is released, and the grouting liquid can also keep larger fluidity under the condition of using lower water-cement ratio (such as w/c is less than or equal to 0.8), so that the grouting liquid has good groutability; meanwhile, the water reducing agent and the matrix have a retarding effect, the grouting liquid keeps good fluidity at the initial stage, and the grouting liquid has a certain pumpable period, so that construction operation is facilitated. Aiming at the abundant underground water application environment of the submarine tunnel, the invention combines the water reducing agent, aluminum sulfate, sodium fluoride and the matrix, so that Al in the composite additive can be used as the water reducing agent under the condition of exerting the water reducing effect3+With cement hydration products Ca (OH)2The reaction forms ettringite containing a large amount of structural water, reduces the free water content of the system, forms a network structure and is quickly coagulated and hardened; at the same time, the cement hydration products Ca (OH)2Constant consumption of Na+、F-The further hydration of the cement silicate mineral is promoted by the exciting effect of the plasma on the cement hydration, the C-S-H gel is continuously increased, and the strength of the stone body is rapidly improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following specific embodiments.
Example 1
The grouting material for the submarine tunnel is slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.55, which is prepared by adding water to powder, wherein the powder is formed by adding 10 wt% of a composite additive into silicate cement and mixing, the composite additive comprises 65 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 15 wt% of sodium sulfate, 5 wt% of sodium fluoride, 8 wt% of a water reducing agent and 7 wt% of a matrix according to weight percentage, and the matrix is a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 4%.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
the preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps:
1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol according to the proportion, and dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol in water to form a matrix for later use;
2) weighing aluminum hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, dilute sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 25%, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 20% and a water reducing agent according to the proportion of the above substances for later use;
3) adding the sodium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the water reducing agent weighed in the step 2) into the matrix prepared in the step 1), stirring uniformly, and then sequentially adding the dilute sulfuric acid and the hydrofluoric acid weighed in the step 2) into the matrix for reaction;
4) after the reaction is finished, evaporating the liquid at the temperature of 80 ℃ until the liquid meets the proportion to obtain the composite additive;
for another example, the composite additive also contains sodium hydroxide with the mass of 0.4 percent of the matrix;
for another example, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
After the grouting material of this embodiment is injected into the submarine tunnel crack through the grouting pump, the effect is: the fluidity of the slurry is 230mm, the initial setting time is 48 minutes, the final setting time is 85 minutes, the calculus rate is 100 percent, the 1d compressive strength of the calculus body is 7.83MPa, the 28d compressive strength is 23.51MPa, and the impermeability grade is P10.
Example 2
The grouting material for the submarine tunnel is slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.8, wherein the powder is formed by adding water into silicate cement and adding 12 wt% of a composite additive into the silicate cement and mixing, the composite additive comprises 67 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 17 wt% of sodium sulfate, 4 wt% of sodium fluoride, 6 wt% of a water reducing agent and 6 wt% of a matrix according to weight percentage, and the matrix is a polyacrylamide aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1%.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
the preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps:
1) weighing polyacrylamide according to the proportion, and dissolving the polyacrylamide in water to form a matrix for later use;
2) weighing aluminum hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, dilute sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 30%, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 30% and a water reducing agent according to the proportion of the above substances for later use;
3) adding the sodium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the water reducing agent weighed in the step 2) into the matrix prepared in the step 1), stirring uniformly, and then sequentially adding the dilute sulfuric acid and the hydrofluoric acid weighed in the step 2) into the matrix for reaction;
4) after the reaction is finished, evaporating the liquid at the temperature of 90 ℃ until the liquid meets the proportion to obtain the composite additive;
for another example, the composite additive also contains sodium hydroxide with the mass of 0.8 percent of the matrix;
for another example, the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent.
After the grouting material of this embodiment is injected into the submarine tunnel crack through the grouting pump, the effect is: the fluidity of the slurry is 245mm, the initial setting time is 94 minutes, the final setting time is 148 minutes, the calculus rate is 100 percent, the 1d compressive strength of the calculus body is 4.69MPa, the 28d compressive strength is 15.89MPa, and the impermeability grade is P9.
Example 3
The grouting material for the submarine tunnel is slurry with a water-cement ratio of 1.0, wherein the powder is formed by adding 20 wt% of a composite additive into silicate cement and mixing, the effective components of the composite additive comprise, by weight, 60% of aluminum sulfate, 12% of sodium sulfate, 6% of sodium fluoride, 10% of a water reducing agent and 12% of a matrix, and the matrix is formed by mixing a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 1% and a polyacrylamide aqueous solution in equal weight ratio.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
the preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps:
1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide according to the above proportion, mixing and dissolving in water to form a matrix for later use;
2) weighing aluminum hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, dilute sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 27%, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 25% and a water reducing agent according to the proportion of the above substances for later use;
3) adding the sodium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the water reducing agent weighed in the step 2) into the matrix prepared in the step 1), stirring uniformly, and then sequentially adding the dilute sulfuric acid and the hydrofluoric acid weighed in the step 2) into the matrix for reaction;
4) after the reaction is finished, evaporating the liquid at 85 ℃ until the liquid meets the proportion to obtain the composite additive;
for another example, the composite additive also contains sodium hydroxide with the mass of 0.6 percent of the matrix;
for another example, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
After the grouting material of this embodiment is injected into the submarine tunnel crack through the grouting pump, the effect is: the fluidity of the slurry is 270mm, the initial setting time is 105 minutes, the final setting time is 160 minutes, the calculus rate is 99.3 percent, the 1d compressive strength of the calculus body is 2.27MPa, the 28d compressive strength is 9.74MPa, and the impermeability grade is P8.
Example 4
The grouting material for the submarine tunnel is slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.7, wherein the powder is formed by adding water into silicate cement and mixing 6 wt% of composite additive, the effective components of the composite additive comprise 63 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 17 wt% of sodium sulfate, 6 wt% of sodium fluoride, 9 wt% of water reducing agent and 5 wt% of matrix, and the matrix is formed by mixing 2 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and 2 wt% of polyacrylamide aqueous solution according to a weight ratio of 1: 2.
The above is the basic implementation manner of the present embodiment, and further improvements, optimizations, and limitations can be made on the basis of the above:
the preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps:
1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide according to the proportion, mixing and dissolving in water to form a matrix for later use;
2) weighing aluminum hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, dilute sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 28%, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 25% and a water reducing agent according to the proportion of the above substances for later use;
3) adding the sodium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the water reducing agent weighed in the step 2) into the matrix prepared in the step 1), stirring uniformly, and then sequentially adding the dilute sulfuric acid and the hydrofluoric acid weighed in the step 2) into the matrix for reaction;
4) after the reaction is finished, evaporating the liquid at 85 ℃ until the liquid meets the proportion to obtain the composite additive;
for another example, the composite additive also contains 0.7% of sodium hydroxide by mass of the matrix;
for another example, the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent.
After the grouting material of this embodiment is injected into the submarine tunnel crack through the grouting pump, the effect is: the fluidity of the slurry is 240mm, the initial setting time is 95 minutes, the final setting time is 154 minutes, the calculus rate is 100 percent, the 1d compressive strength of the calculus body is 6.05MPa, the 28d compressive strength is 19.56MPa, and the impermeability grade is P9.
Comparative experiment 1
Basic examples: grouting by using silicate cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.8;
the improvement example is as follows: the grouting material is slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.8 prepared by adding water into powder, the powder is formed by adding 12 wt% of composite additive into silicate cement and mixing, according to the weight percentage, the effective components of the composite additive are 67 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 17 wt% of sodium sulfate, 4 wt% of sodium fluoride, 10 wt% of water reducing agent and 2 wt% of matrix, and the matrix is polyacrylamide aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 1%;
the experimental results are as follows: after the grouting materials of the basic example and the improved example are respectively injected into cracks of the submarine tunnel through a grouting pump, the data of the grouting materials are detected: the initial setting time is shortened from 10h25min of the basic example to 1h34min of the modified example, and the final setting time is shortened from 12h40min of the basic example to 2h28min of the modified example; the calculus rate is improved from 87% of the basic example to 100% of the improved example; the 1d compressive strength of the stone body is improved to 4.69MPa from 2.37MPa, and the 28d compressive strength is improved to 15.89MPa from 14.57MPa, and is improved by 9 percent; the barrier rating increased from P8 to P9.
Comparative experiment 2
Basic examples: grouting by using silicate cement slurry with a water-cement ratio of 1.0;
the improvement example is as follows: the grouting material is slurry with a water-cement ratio of 1.0 prepared by adding water into powder, the powder is formed by adding 20 wt% of composite additive into silicate cement and mixing, the effective components of the composite additive are 60 wt% of aluminum sulfate, 15 wt% of sodium sulfate, 6 wt% of sodium fluoride, 10 wt% of water reducing agent and 9 wt% of matrix according to weight percentage, and the matrix is formed by mixing 1 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and polyacrylamide aqueous solution in equal weight ratio.
The experimental results are as follows: after the grouting materials of the basic example and the improved example are respectively injected into cracks of the submarine tunnel through a grouting pump, the data of the grouting materials are detected: the initial setting time is shortened from 18h34min of the basic example to 1h45min of the modified example, and the final setting time is shortened from 21h52min of the basic example to 2h40min of the modified example; the calculus rate is improved from 77% of the basic example to 99.3% of the improved example; the 1d compressive strength of the stone body is improved from 0.59MPa of the basic example to 2.27MPa of the improved example, and the 28d compressive strength is improved from 60.1MPa of the basic example to 9.74MPa of the improved example, and is improved by 62 percent; the barrier rating increased from P6 to P8.
Therefore, by adding the composite additive into the existing grouting material, the initial setting time and the final setting time of the grouting material can be greatly shortened, the calculus rate and the setting strength of the grouting material are improved, and the impermeability of the grouting material is also improved to a certain extent.
The grouting material for the submarine tunnel has good controllability and groutability, the slurry mixing proportion can be adjusted according to the construction surface layer condition, and the adjustment principle is as follows: for the areas with dry construction surface layers, the mixing amount of the composite additive can be selected to be low; for the area with large underground water quantity of the construction surface, the water-cement ratio can be taken down, and the mixing amount of the composite additive is properly increased. By adjusting the mixing proportion of the grouting slurry, the grouting slurry has good fluidity, the initial setting time is less than 2 hours, and the final setting time is less than 3 hours, so that the requirements of engineering construction of different parts can be met. In addition, the composite additive and the cement slurry react quickly to generate ettringite, so that the free water content of the system is reduced, and the hydration and hardening of the slurry are promoted. Therefore, the grouting material has high slurry calculus rate, rapid increase of early strength, stable later strength and good impermeability of the calculus body.
Claims (2)
1. The grouting material for the submarine tunnel is a slurry with a water-cement ratio of 0.55-1.0, which is prepared by adding water into powder, and the powder is formed by adding 6-20 wt% of a composite additive into silicate cement and mixing, and is characterized in that: according to the weight percentage, the effective components of the composite additive are 60-67% of aluminum sulfate, 12-17% of sodium sulfate, 4-6% of sodium fluoride, 6-10% of water reducing agent and the balance of matrix, the matrix is one or two of polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution and polyacrylamide aqueous solution with mass concentration of 0.5-4%, and the water reducing agent is polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent or naphthalene water reducing agent; the preparation method of the composite additive comprises the following steps:
1) weighing polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylamide or a mixture of the polyvinyl alcohol and the polyacrylamide according to the proportion, and dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol or the polyacrylamide or the mixture of the polyvinyl alcohol and the polyacrylamide in water to form a matrix for later use;
2) weighing aluminum hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, dilute sulfuric acid with the mass concentration of 25-30%, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 20-30% and a water reducing agent according to the proportion of the above substances for later use;
3) adding the sodium hydroxide, the aluminum hydroxide and the water reducing agent weighed in the step 2) into the matrix prepared in the step 1), stirring uniformly, and then sequentially adding the dilute sulfuric acid and the hydrofluoric acid weighed in the step 2) into the matrix for reaction;
4) after the reaction is finished, evaporating the liquid at the temperature of 80-90 ℃ until the liquid meets the proportion, and obtaining the composite additive.
2. The grouting material for the submarine tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the composite additive further comprises 0.4-0.8% of sodium hydroxide by mass of the matrix.
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| CN109553346B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-04-02 | 太原理工大学 | Composite slurry used under running water condition and preparation method thereof |
| CN113003978A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-06-22 | 北京瑞达展业铁道工程技术有限公司 | Special cement additive for grouting and use method thereof |
| CN113149562A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-23 | 中铁二局第三工程有限公司 | Polymer cement-based high-performance grouting material and preparation method thereof |
| CN117534409B (en) * | 2023-11-21 | 2024-05-24 | 西南交通大学 | Single-liquid and double-liquid same-system grouting material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102001847A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2011-04-06 | 山东大学 | Paste quick-setting grouting material and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102001847A (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2011-04-06 | 山东大学 | Paste quick-setting grouting material and preparation method thereof |
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Inventor after: Ma Zhaolin Inventor after: Song Yan Inventor after: Yang Yongfu Inventor after: Jiao Lei Inventor after: Guo Xianjun Inventor after: Wang Xiaolin Inventor after: Wang Yujiang Inventor after: Li Guangyue Inventor after: Zhang Wenxin Inventor after: Wang Yue Inventor before: Lin Haiyan Inventor before: Wang Yue Inventor before: Song Yan Inventor before: Ma Zhaolin Inventor before: Yang Yongfu Inventor before: Jiao Lei Inventor before: Guo Xianjun Inventor before: Wang Xiaolin Inventor before: Wang Yujiang Inventor before: Li Guangyue Inventor before: Zhang Wenxin |
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