CN107008041B - Sewage sludge reduction dehydration method based on electromagnetic force - Google Patents
Sewage sludge reduction dehydration method based on electromagnetic force Download PDFInfo
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- CN107008041B CN107008041B CN201710410608.5A CN201710410608A CN107008041B CN 107008041 B CN107008041 B CN 107008041B CN 201710410608 A CN201710410608 A CN 201710410608A CN 107008041 B CN107008041 B CN 107008041B
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- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 39
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
- B01D25/12—Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
- B01D25/164—Chamber-plate presses, i.e. the sides of the filtering elements being clamped between two successive filtering plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
- B01D25/12—Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
- B01D25/19—Clamping means for closing the filter press, e.g. hydraulic jacks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D25/00—Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements
- B01D25/28—Leaching or washing filter cakes in the filter handling the filter cake for purposes other than regenerating
- B01D25/282—Leaching or washing filter cakes in the filter handling the filter cake for purposes other than regenerating for drying
- B01D25/284—Leaching or washing filter cakes in the filter handling the filter cake for purposes other than regenerating for drying by gases or by heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/06—Filters making use of electricity or magnetism
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
Abstract
The invention relates to a sewage sludge dewatering and reducing method based on electromagnetic force, which is based on a sewage sludge dewatering device, wherein the sewage sludge dewatering device comprises a front-end auxiliary filter plate (7), a rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19), a middle main filter plate (11), a middle auxiliary filter plate (10), an electromagnetic core (4) and an electromagnetic coil (5), the electromagnetic coil (5) is wound on the corresponding electromagnetic core (4) to form an electromagnetic module, the outer side of the front-end auxiliary filter plate (7) is provided with the electromagnetic module, the inner side of the rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19) is provided with the electromagnetic module, a plurality of filter plate modules are arranged between the front-end auxiliary filter plate (7) and the rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19), each filter plate module comprises the middle main filter plate (11), the middle auxiliary filter plate (10) and the electromagnetic module, and the sewage sludge dewatering and sludge unloading stages are carried out through a first stage dewatering and a second stage. The invention adopts electromagnetic force, and has the advantages of no need of a hydraulic system, low energy consumption and low water content of the dewatered sludge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage sludge treatment, in particular to a sewage sludge reduction dehydration method based on electromagnetic force.
Background
In the prior art, most of sludge deep dehydration equipment on the market is a diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press, the efficiency is low during dehydration, the squeezing pressure is only 1.6MPa, water is injected into the diaphragm plate-and-frame by a high-pressure water pump during squeezing, the diaphragm is expanded to reduce the area of a filter chamber, and the diaphragm plate frame is squeezed by plastic deformation of the plate-and-frame; the compression ratio of the diaphragm plate frame is small, and the relative working period is long. In addition, on the structure of the common elastic pressing plate frame on the market, the filter plates are all an integral injection molding part, the filter plates are easy to be damaged and deformed, the damaged filter plates need to be integrally replaced, so that the maintenance cost is higher, more importantly, due to the structural characteristics and the low pressing pressure, the municipal sludge can be squeezed and dewatered to about 60% by adopting the membrane plate frame filter press currently, the water content is reduced by about a few compared with that of the traditional plate frame filter press, the main reason is that secondary pressing is carried out on the sludge due to membrane bulging, namely, a sludge filter pressing chamber is a variable chamber, but lime and iron salt with the absolute dry sludge amount of about 30% need to be added into the equipment, so that the sludge amount is greatly increased, the added lime, iron chloride and the like bring adverse effects on subsequent treatment of the sludge, and the reduction and harmless principle of sludge treatment is violated.
At present there is also a super high pressure elasticity squeezes sludge dewaterer, this equipment mainly includes high-pressure cylinder, super high pressure filter plate, joins in marriage the board, the spring medium, special filter cloth, the vice filter plate in rear end, the push pedal, girder etc. and constitute, this super high pressure squeezes the sheet frame and includes filter frame, filter plate, filter cloth, studio, spring and piston plate, and the spring sets up between filter frame and filter plate, and the piston plate sets up between studio and filter plate for the filter plate passes through the piston plate and produces the compression effect to the studio. The dewatering process of the press plate is mainly divided into two stages, wherein the first stage is to convey materials to a filter chamber by a feed pump, and solid-liquid separation is carried out by means of the pressure of the feed pump while feeding, namely primary filtration dewatering; the second level is elastic squeezing, one end of the device is fixed, the other end of the device applies external pressure through a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the filter chamber space is compressed through an elastic force transmission device (a spring) to squeeze the materials for secondary dehydration. The water content of the sludge can be reduced to about 50% by carrying out ultrahigh pressure squeezing on the sludge, wherein the squeezing pressure is about 5MPa, and the high-pressure oil pump needs to provide pressure of about 25-30 MPa. Similarly, this superhigh pressure elasticity squeezer realizes squeezing the change of cavity volume to mud through setting up the spring and realizes the superhigh pressure extrusion, because the spring often accomplishes processes such as extension-compression, need bear alternating load, the spring takes place fatigue failure easily, the spring is a vulnerable part, and need 10-20 high strength springs between every group sheet frame, 50-100 sheet frames then need nearly 1000-2000 high strength springs, and, still need overcome the initial elastic force effect of spring when squeezing the spring, the mud receives actual pressure of squeezing and is littleer than the pressure that the superhigh pressure oil pump provided when the secondary is squeezed. For example, when the feeding pressure is 1MPa, the spring must provide an elastic force greater than 1MPa, so that the chamber between the filter plate and the filter frame can be kept maximized, and when the feeding compression is finished and the high-pressure pump performs a second high-pressure compression on the sludge, the elastic force of the spring must be overcome, and the pressure is consumed, so that the pressure generated by the high-pressure pump on the sludge is smaller than the actual pressure.
The current market also has an superhigh pressure diaphragm plate frame filter press, and this equipment is for the upgrading on original diaphragm plate frame filter press, provides nearly 10 MPa's pressure to mud through the water that injects 10MPa in the diaphragm, also is the second grade process of squeezing, begins promptly through feed pressure, then injects high-pressure liquid in the diaphragm, carries out the bulging to the diaphragm and further squeezes the dehydration to mud, municipal administration mud moisture content can drop to about 50% after this equipment dehydration. One major problem with this device is the life of the diaphragm at such high pressures and large deformations.
The membrane plate-and-frame filter press, the high-pressure elastic machine and other equipment provide power for sludge squeezing and dewatering through the high-pressure oil cylinder, a special set of hydraulic system needs to be configured, and when the high-pressure squeezing is carried out, the pressure of the hydraulic system is very high. When mud is discharged, the filter plates need to be pulled apart, so that a special plate pulling device is required to pull the filter plates apart, the plate pulling efficiency is low, the time is long, and the whole working time is influenced.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that to achieve deep dewatering of sludge, variability in the volume of the sludge pressing chamber must be achieved, while the sludge is pressed at high pressure. Regardless of the variability of the sludge pressing chamber of the membrane plate-and-frame filter press or the ultrahigh pressure elastic press, the current sludge deep dehydration equipment has the following main problems: (1) The sludge squeezing pressure of a common diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press is smaller, the squeezing pressure of an ultrahigh-pressure diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press is enough, but the service life of a diaphragm is long; (2) The ultrahigh-pressure elastic presser realizes the change of the volume of a sludge pressing chamber by virtue of a spring, and the spring is easy to damage and can consume a large amount of pressing pressure; (3) The higher the pressure is, the firmer the sludge tightly attached to the filter plate is, a compact sludge layer is easily formed, and the sludge layer is bonded on the filter cloth, so that the water discharge resistance is increased, and the dehydration effect is influenced; (4) Due to the characteristics of high compressibility and high water content of the sewage sludge and the difficulty in sludge dehydration caused by the fact that the sewage sludge contains capillary water, adsorbed water and internal water, the sludge is difficult to be dehydrated at high depth by completely adopting mechanical pressure, so that the water content of the sludge reaches a lower level.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an electromagnetic force-based sewage sludge reduction dehydration method which adopts electromagnetic force and does not need a hydraulic system, aiming at the technical problems of more wearing parts, high energy consumption and high oil cylinder pressure requirement in the prior art, so that the complexity of the device is reduced, and the cost and the energy consumption are saved.
The invention provides a sewage sludge reduction and dehydration method based on electromagnetic force, which comprises a front-end auxiliary filter plate, a rear-end auxiliary filter plate, a middle main filter plate, a middle auxiliary filter plate, electromagnetic iron cores and electromagnetic coils, wherein the electromagnetic coils are wound on the corresponding electromagnetic iron cores to form electromagnetic modules; .
The front-end auxiliary filter plate, the middle main filter plate, the middle auxiliary filter plate and the rear-end auxiliary filter plate are connected through a link mechanism in sequence so as to realize linkage under the action of electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic module;
the dehydration method comprises the following steps:
dewatering in the first stage: a first current is introduced into an electromagnetic coil in the electromagnetic module, and the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic module is kept to attract the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate together, so that the filter pressing cavity is closed and limited, and the electromagnetic coil is powered off; injecting sewage sludge into a pressure filtration chamber, and realizing first-stage dehydration under the action of feeding pressure;
and (3) second-stage dehydration: electrifying the electromagnetic coil in the electromagnetic module again, and introducing a second current, wherein the direction of the second current is the same as the current direction in the process of attraction, the second current is larger than the first current, the second current is increased to increase the pressure between the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate, and the second stage of dehydration is realized through the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnetic module on the filter plates;
a mud unloading stage: the limit of the filter pressing cavity is released firstly, the current direction of part of the electromagnetic coils is changed, so that the electromagnetic force of all the filter pressing cavities can be changed into repulsive force, and the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate can be separated from each other under the action of the repulsive force, so that mud discharging is realized.
Optionally, a sealing ring is arranged on an outer ring of the middle main filter plate, and a reinforcing lining and filter cloth are sequentially arranged on the middle main filter plate from inside to outside.
Optionally, be connected many inlet branch pipes by the inlet main pipe, many inlet branch pipes communicate with a plurality of filter-pressing cavities correspondingly for let in high-pressure gas and get into corresponding filter-pressing cavity through inlet branch pipe in the main pipe of admitting air.
Optionally, in the second stage dehydration, high-pressure gas is introduced into the filter pressing chamber, enters the air inlet hole in the filter plate through the air inlet branch pipe, and performs back flushing on the filter cloth on the reinforcing lining, so that the filter cloth is cleaned and part of water is taken away in a steam form.
Optionally, the front-end auxiliary filter plate, the middle main filter plate, the middle auxiliary filter plate and the rear-end auxiliary filter plate are sequentially connected through a link mechanism to realize linkage under the electromagnetic force action of the electromagnetic module.
Optionally, the link mechanism includes a main link and an auxiliary link, the main link is mounted on a rotation central shaft of the odd-numbered middle auxiliary filter plates, the auxiliary link is mounted on a rotation central shaft of the even-numbered middle auxiliary filter plates, and the main link and the auxiliary link are connected by a hinge.
Optionally, the front-end auxiliary filter plate, the middle main filter plate and the middle auxiliary filter plate are respectively provided with a filter plate drain pipe for draining filtered water.
Optionally, spacing by stop device realizes odd piece in the middle of vice filter plate still be equipped with stop device, stop device include stopper electromagnetic core, stopper coil, spring baffle, reset spring, slide rail and slider, every stop device in the slide rail fix in the middle of vice filter plate to realize can accurately injecing the rotatory angle of main connecting rod after the slider stretches out, thereby injecing the distance of vice filter plate in the middle of and main filter plate in the middle of, stopper electromagnetic core fix on spacing slider, spring baffle fix at the slide rail, reset spring be used for link block and slide rail.
Optionally, the tail of the sliding block is made of a magnetic substance, when the limiting block coil is electrified, the sliding block and the sliding rail generate relative motion, meanwhile, the return spring is compressed, and the front end of the sliding block extends out to clamp the main connecting rod.
Optionally, the reduction dehydration device further comprises a dust removal device, and the dust removal device sucks sludge dust brought by high-pressure gas to the dust removal device through negative pressure to remove the sludge dust.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages that: (1) The electromagnetic field provides strong squeezing force to squeeze the sludge without a hydraulic pressure and a hydraulic system, and in addition, the current direction of the electromagnetic coil is changed to change the suction force of the electromagnet into a repulsive force, so that the plate is automatically pulled without a plate pulling device; (2) The structure that the middle main filter plate, the sealing ring, the middle auxiliary filter plate, the reinforcing lining and the filter cloth are matched forms a closed cavity with variable volume, the high compressibility characteristic of sludge is met, quick-wear parts such as springs and diaphragms are not adopted, the reliability of equipment is improved, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged; (3) A high-pressure sludge inlet pump is adopted, the sludge inlet pump is a high-pressure plunger pump, the sludge can be subjected to primary feeding pressure dehydration through the high-pressure feeding pressure, then the coil current is increased, the electromagnetic force is increased, so that the pressure between the main and auxiliary filter press plates is gradually increased, the sludge is gradually pressurized, and the second-stage squeezing dehydration is carried out; (4) Because partial moisture in the sludge can not be removed in a mechanical mode, the high-pressure gas generator and the high-pressure gas generator assembly are adopted in the scheme, and the moisture which is difficult to remove in the sludge in the mechanical mode is taken away in a high-pressure airflow mode under the action of high-pressure gas, so that the double-effect effects of mechanical squeezing and airflow are realized, the moisture in the sludge is further reduced, and the purpose of sludge depth reduction is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a sewage sludge dehydrating apparatus based on electromagnetic force according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a sewage sludge dehydrating apparatus based on electromagnetic force according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a sewage sludge dehydrating apparatus based on electromagnetic force according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a sectional view of the electromagnetic force-based sewage sludge dehydrating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the position limiting device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view illustrating the chamber of the sewage sludge dehydrating apparatus based on electromagnetic force according to the present invention being opened;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a chamber of the sewage sludge dewatering device based on electromagnetic force according to the present invention when closed;
fig. 8 is a side view illustrating a chamber of a sewage sludge dehydrating apparatus based on electromagnetic force according to the present invention closed.
As shown in the figure, 1, a mud inlet pipe, 2, a plunger pump, 3, a pneumatic ball valve, 4, an electromagnetic core, 5, an electromagnetic coil, 6, an air inlet branch pipe, 7, a front end auxiliary filter plate, 8, an air inlet main pipe, 9, a sealing ring, 10, a middle auxiliary filter plate, 11, a middle main filter plate, 12, a main connecting rod, 13, an auxiliary connecting rod, 14, a limiting device, 14-1, a limiting block electromagnetic core, 14-2, a limiting block coil, 14-3, a spring baffle, 14-4, a return spring, 14-5, a sliding rail, 14-6, a sliding block, 15, a dust removal device, 16, a high-pressure air pump, 17, a rotating middle shaft, 18, a bolt, 19, a rear end auxiliary filter plate, 20, a filter plate support lug, 21, a reinforcing lining, 22, filter cloth, 23, a main and auxiliary filter plate connecting pipe, 24, a limiting salient point, 25, a filter plate drain pipe, 26, a control bus, 27, a front end auxiliary mud inlet pipe, 28 and a system controller.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, the drawings of the present invention are not necessarily to scale, nor are they necessarily to scale, as may be shown and described herein.
As shown in the figure, the method is based on a sewage sludge dewatering device, the sewage sludge dewatering device comprises a sludge inlet pipe 1, a high-pressure sludge inlet pump 2, a pneumatic ball valve 3, a front-end auxiliary filter plate 7, a sealing ring 10, a dust removal device 15, a rear-end auxiliary filter plate 19, filter plate support lugs 20, a reinforcing lining 21, filter cloth 22, a sludge inlet pipe 27, a filter plate drain pipe 25, a control bus 26 and a system controller 28, the reduction dewatering device further comprises electromagnetic cores 4, electromagnetic coils 5, air inlet branch pipes 6, an air inlet main pipe 8, an intermediate auxiliary filter plate 9, an intermediate main filter plate 11, a main connecting rod 12, an auxiliary connecting rod 13, a limiting device 14, a high-pressure air pump 16, a rotating central shaft 17, a hinge 18, main and auxiliary filter plate connecting pipes 23 and limiting bumps 24, a plurality of electromagnetic cores 4, electromagnetic coils 5 and main and auxiliary filter plate connecting pipes 23 are arranged between the intermediate main filter plate 11 and the intermediate auxiliary filter plate 9, a plurality of electromagnetic cores 4, electromagnetic coils 5 and main and auxiliary filter plate connecting pipes 23 are arranged between the intermediate main and auxiliary filter plate 9, the electromagnetic coils form relatively fixed units, the electromagnetic coils are connected with the main and auxiliary filter plate connecting pipes 23, the electromagnetic coils are connected with the electromagnetic cores 4, the electromagnetic coils are connected with the movable auxiliary filter plate 7, the rear-end auxiliary filter plate 11, the electromagnetic coils are connected with the main and the auxiliary filter plate 19, the electromagnetic coils are connected with the electromagnetic coils, the rear-end auxiliary filter plate 11. The main connecting rod 12 and the auxiliary connecting rod 13 connect all the middle auxiliary filter plates 10, the front end auxiliary filter plate 7 and the rear end auxiliary filter plate 19. The outer ring of the middle main filter pressing plate 11 is provided with a semicircular groove for mounting a sealing ring 10, the diameter of the sealing ring 10 is smaller than the outer diameter of the middle main filter plate, the middle auxiliary filter plate 9, the middle main filter plate 11, the sealing ring 10, a reinforcing lining 20 and filter cloth 19 form a closed cavity with variable volume, the closed cavity is a sludge filter pressing cavity, and the filter pressing plate frame structure is circular in better scheme, good in sealing performance and capable of being square in special requirements.
The filter-pressing cavity comprises a middle main filter plate 11, a middle auxiliary filter plate 10, a reinforcing lining 21 and filter cloth 22, wherein the middle main filter plate 11 and the middle auxiliary filter plate 10 are provided with an annular and strip-shaped water outlet groove, the upper half part of the middle main filter plate 11 and the middle auxiliary filter plate 10 are provided with three through holes connected with an air inlet branch pipe 6, and the lower half part of the middle auxiliary filter plate is provided with seven through holes connected with filter plate drain pipes 25, so that the filter-pressed water can flow to the filter plate drain pipes 25 and can accelerate the flow rate of the water and simultaneously blow out the water on the surface of a mud cake through high-pressure gas, bosses are arranged on two sides of the middle auxiliary filter plate 10, the front auxiliary filter plate 7 and the rear auxiliary filter plate 19, rotary central shafts 17 and direction limiting convex points 24 are arranged on the bosses and used for installing and connecting a main connecting rod 12 and limiting the rotation direction of the main connecting rod, the reinforcing lining 21 is fixed on each filter plate, the filter cloth 22 wraps the reinforcing lining 21 on the filter plates, and mud inlet holes are formed in the center positions of the middle main filter plate 11, the middle auxiliary filter plate 10, the reinforcing lining 21 and the filter cloth 22, so that the sludge can sequentially enter the cavity of the next group of main and auxiliary filter plates.
The odd middle auxiliary filter plates are further fixed with limiting devices 14, the limiting devices 14 comprise limiting electromagnetic cores 14-1, limiting coils 14-2, spring baffles 14-3, return springs 14-4, slide rails 14-5, sliders 14-6 and the like, the slide rails 14-5 in each limiting device 14 are fixed at certain positions of the middle filter plates to ensure that the sliders can accurately limit the rotating angle of the main connecting rod 12 after extending out, so that the distance between the middle auxiliary filter plates 10 and the middle main filter plates 11 is indirectly limited, the filter pressing chamber is ensured to be kept closed in the mud feeding process, the limiting electromagnetic cores 14-1 are fixed on the limiting sliders 14-6, the limiting coils 14-2 are connected with a controller to receive switching signals, the spring baffles 14-3 are fixed on the slide rails 14-5 to ensure that the return springs 14-4 have enough stress areas, the return springs 14-4 are responsible for connecting the sliders 14-6 and the slide rails 14-5 and ensure that the sliders 14-6 and the sliders 14-5 can be restored to the original positions after the sliders 14-6 and the sliders 14-5 move relatively, and the sliders 14-5 can be clamped by magnetic substances when the main connecting rods 14-5 extend out, and the sliders 14-5 compress the sliders 14-5. The odd-numbered intermediate pressure filtration plates are counted from the mud inlet end, namely counted from left to right in the drawing, for example, as the pressure filtration chambers in the thin frame in fig. 2, the intermediate pressure filtration plates in the first and third frames are odd-numbered intermediate pressure filtration plates, and the intermediate pressure filtration plates in the second frame in the middle are even-numbered intermediate pressure filtration plates.
The main connecting rod 12 is arranged on a rotating central shaft 17 of an odd number of middle auxiliary filter plates, the auxiliary connecting rod 12 is arranged on a rotating central shaft 17 of an even number of middle auxiliary filter plates, the main connecting rod 12 is connected with the auxiliary connecting rod 12 through a bolt, and the direction limiting salient points 24 are arranged on the lug boss edges at two sides of the filter plates, so that the main connecting rod 12 can only rotate below the direction limiting salient points 24.
The upper ends of the front-end auxiliary filter plate 7, the middle auxiliary filter plate 10 and the middle main filter plate 11 are all provided with high-pressure air inlets and connected with the air inlet branch pipes 6, the filter plates are provided with through holes, the high-pressure gas generator and the components comprise high-pressure air pumps 16, air inlet branch pipes 6 and air inlet main pipes 8, the air inlet branch pipes 6 are hoses which can move along with the filter plates, high-pressure gas can enter into the sludge filter pressing cavity through the high-pressure air pumps 16, the air inlet main pipes 8, the air inlet branch pipes 6 and the through holes, the lower ends of the front-end auxiliary filter plate 7, the middle auxiliary filter plate 10 and the middle main filter plate 11 are all provided with liquid discharge through holes which are connected with a filter plate drain pipe 25, the drain pipe 25 is connected with a drain pipe through a hose, and the drain pipe end is provided with an electromagnetic valve.
The sewage sludge dewatering and reducing device is also provided with a system controller 28 and a control bus 26 by virtue of electromagnetic force, so as to realize automatic control of the system. The pneumatic ball valve 3 is connected with a system controller 28 to realize automatic opening and closing, and the electromagnetic coils 5 and the limiting block coils 142 on the filter plates are connected with the system controller 28 through a control bus 26.
The water outlet valve is an electromagnetic water outlet valve and can be opened and closed by an automatic controller. The electromagnetic force sewage sludge reduction dehydration device also comprises a dust removal device 15, the dust removal device 15 removes sludge dust brought by high-pressure gas through negative pressure, and the primary settling device can be a cloth bag, a cyclone separator or the combination of the cloth bag and the cyclone separator.
The working principle of the device is as follows:
taking the initial state as an example that all chambers are opened, at the moment, a controller sends an instruction to energize an electromagnetic coil, so long as electromagnetic force generated by the current can attract the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate together, the electromagnetic coil is powered off after attraction, a limiting device coil is powered on, a limiting slide block extends out of a limiting slide rail to limit the rotation angle of a main connecting rod, then a pneumatic ball valve is started, slurry is injected into a filter-pressing cavity by a high-pressure mud inlet pump, the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate move towards two sides under the pressure of the slurry, the filter-pressing cavity gradually increases, the limiting slide block clamps the rotation of the main connecting rod when the maximum pressure is reached, the volume of the cavity is fixed, the relative position between the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate is fixed, the size of the filter-pressing cavity is the initial volume of the sludge, the slurry fills the first filter-pressing cavity and then enters the second cavity to push the main filter plate of the second cavity to move towards the right, and the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plates are fixed by the main connecting rod and the limiting device. Under the action of feeding pressure, the pressure of the sludge is between 1.5 and 2.0MPa, the slurry is continuously pumped, water enters a water outlet groove and a through hole on a filter plate through filter cloth and a reinforcing lining and is discharged from a water outlet valve, the sludge is left in a filter pressing cavity, after a period of feeding dehydration, the filter pressing cavity is filled, the slurry cannot enter, a pneumatic ball valve is closed, the sludge feeding is stopped, and the first-stage feeding dehydration is finished.
Preparing the second stage of dehydration, switching on the power supply for the electromagnetic coil again, wherein the direction is the same as the current direction during attraction, but the magnitude is far larger than the attraction current, and the current can be gradually increased to gradually increase the pressure between the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate. Each chamber presses the sludge in the respective chamber by means of independent electromagnetic suction force, and second-stage pressing dehydration is realized on the sludge after continuous pressing for a period of time;
the controller controls the high-pressure air pump to start working, high-pressure air enters a high-pressure air inlet hole in the filter plate through the air inlet branch pipe and the through hole to perform back blowing on the filter cloth tightly attached to the reinforcing lining, the high-pressure air blows away mud cakes tightly attached to the filter cloth and simultaneously blows away sludge particles adhered to the filter cloth to clean the filter cloth, and the high-pressure air also carries away certain moisture in the sludge; in addition, when the mechanical pressing is carried out, high-pressure gas enters, more water which is difficult to remove in the sludge through the mechanical pressing is brought out in a steam mode, when the water outlet valve hardly discharges water, the pressing is stopped, and the whole dewatering process is finished.
In the mud unloading stage, a coil on the limiting device is powered off firstly, so that the limiting slide block is restored to the original position through a return spring, then the current direction of an electromagnetic coil on a combined filter plate block provided with the limiting device is changed, the electromagnetic force of all filter pressing chambers can become repulsive force, the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate can be separated under the action of the repulsive force, sludge is conveyed out from a conveying mechanism below the combined filter plate block from a gap between the filter plates, in the stage, the high-pressure air pump still continues to work so that the sludge blocks fall off from the chambers and blow out residual water and water on the surfaces of sludge cakes until mud unloading is finished, when the chambers are opened, in order to prevent the next closed main connecting rod from rotating upwards, the limiting device is out of order to prevent the limiting device from malfunctioning, the filter plates are additionally provided with limiting convex points on bosses, so that when the filter pressing chambers are pulled to the maximum, the main connecting rod always keeps a small angle with the horizontal direction, the next rotation is facilitated, and the reverse rotation of the connecting rod is also avoided. When the operation of one cycle is finished, each mechanism returns to the initial state again to prepare to enter the next cycle and repeat the cycle operation.
The sewage sludge dewatering and reducing method based on the device and relying on the electromagnetic force comprises the following steps:
(1) The electromagnetic coil is electrified with a small current to generate suction force between the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate, the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate are closed, wherein the middle auxiliary filter plate, the middle main filter plate, the sealing ring, the reinforcing lining and the filter cloth form a minimum-volume closed chamber, and the main connecting rod and the auxiliary connecting rod rotate downwards;
(2) The electromagnetic coil is powered off, and the coil of the limiting device is powered on, so that the limiting sliding block extends out of the limiting sliding rail to limit the rotation angle of the main connecting rod;
(3) The pneumatic ball valve is opened, the high-pressure mud inlet pump injects mud into the filter pressing cavity, the main filter pressing plate and the auxiliary filter pressing plate move towards two sides under the pressure of the mud, the filter pressing cavity gradually becomes large, the limiting slide block clamps the rotation of the main filter pressing plate and the auxiliary filter pressing plate when the maximum pressure is reached, so that the size of the cavity is fixed, the relative position between the main filter pressing plate and the auxiliary filter pressing plate is fixed, and the size of the filter pressing cavity is the initial size of the mud;
(4) The mud enters, the mud fills the first filter-pressing cavity and enters the second cavity, promote the main filter-pressing plate of the second cavity to move rightwards, utilize main and auxiliary tie rod and stop device to fix two filter-pressing plates of main and auxiliary in the same way, push according to this example, when the mud enters the last cavity, every filter-pressing plate is connected integrally by main and auxiliary tie rod and stop device, all filter-pressing cavities reach the maximum;
(5) Under the action of feeding pressure, the pressure of the sludge is between 1.5 and 2.0MPa, the slurry is continuously pumped, water enters a water outlet groove and a through hole on a filter plate through filter cloth and a reinforcing liner and is discharged from a water outlet valve, the sludge is left in a filter pressing cavity, after a period of feeding dehydration, the filter pressing cavity is filled, the slurry cannot enter, a pneumatic ball valve is closed, the sludge feeding is stopped, and the first-stage feeding dehydration is finished;
(6) And starting the second stage of dehydration, switching on the power supply for the electromagnetic coil again, wherein the direction of the current is the same as that of the current during attraction, but the current is far larger than the attraction current, and the current can be gradually increased to gradually increase the pressure between the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate. Each chamber presses the sludge in the respective chamber by means of independent electromagnetic suction force, and second-stage pressing dehydration is realized on the sludge after continuous pressing for a period of time;
(7) The controller controls the high-pressure air pump to start working, high-pressure air enters a high-pressure air inlet hole and a through hole in the filter plate through the air inlet branch pipe to perform back blowing on the filter cloth tightly attached to the reinforcing lining, the high-pressure air blows away mud cakes tightly attached to the filter cloth and simultaneously blows away sludge particles adhered to the filter cloth to clean the filter cloth, and the high-pressure air also carries away certain moisture in the sludge;
(8) And (3) when the mechanical pressing is carried out, high-pressure gas enters, more water which is difficult to remove in the sludge through the mechanical pressing is carried out through water vapor, when the water outlet valve hardly discharges water, the pressing is stopped, and the whole dewatering process is finished.
(9) In the mud discharging stage, the coil on the limiting device is powered off firstly, so that the limiting slide block is restored to the original position through the reset spring, and then the current direction of the electromagnetic coil on the combined filter plate block provided with the limiting device is changed, so that the electromagnetic force of all filter pressing chambers can become repulsive force, the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate can be separated under the action of the repulsive force, the mud falls from the gap between the filter plates to the conveying mechanism below the device and is conveyed out, and the high-pressure air pump still continues to work in the stage until the mud discharging is finished;
(10) And after the mud is discharged, separating all the main and auxiliary filter press plates to return to the initial state, and entering the next cycle.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention only and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. In general, all changes which come within the meaning and range of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (4)
1. The sewage sludge reduction and dehydration method based on the electromagnetic force comprises a front-end auxiliary filter plate (7), a rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19), a middle main filter plate (11), a middle auxiliary filter plate (10), electromagnetic cores (4) and electromagnetic coils (5), wherein the electromagnetic coils (5) are wound on the corresponding electromagnetic cores (4) to form electromagnetic modules, the outer side of the front-end auxiliary filter plate (7) is provided with the electromagnetic modules, the inner side of the rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19) is provided with the electromagnetic modules, a plurality of filter plate modules are arranged between the front-end auxiliary filter plate (7) and the rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19), each filter plate module comprises a middle main filter plate (11), a middle auxiliary filter plate (10) and one electromagnetic module, the middle main filter plate (11) and the middle auxiliary filter plate (10) are respectively fixed at two ends of the electromagnetic modules, the middle main filter plates of the plurality of filter plate modules face the front-end auxiliary filter plate (7), the middle auxiliary filter plates (10) of the plurality of filter plate modules face the rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19) to correspond to the main filter plate (19) one-by-to one another, so that the auxiliary filter plates and the auxiliary filter plates are matched with the main filter plates one-to form a plurality of sludge filter-pressing pipes (1) which enter a plurality of sewage sludge filter pressing chamber; the front-end auxiliary filter plate (7), the middle main filter plate (11), the middle auxiliary filter plate (10) and the rear-end auxiliary filter plate (19) are sequentially connected through a connecting rod mechanism so as to realize linkage under the action of electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic module;
a main gas inlet pipe (8) is connected with a plurality of branch gas inlet pipes (6), and the branch gas inlet pipes (6) are correspondingly communicated with a plurality of filter pressing chambers and are used for introducing high-pressure gas from the main gas inlet pipe and entering the corresponding filter pressing chambers through the branch gas inlet pipes (6);
the dehydration method comprises the following steps:
dewatering in the first stage: a first current is introduced into an electromagnetic coil in the electromagnetic module, and the electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic module is kept to attract the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate together, so that the filter pressing cavity is closed and limited, and the electromagnetic coil is powered off; injecting sewage sludge into a pressure filtration chamber, and realizing first-stage dehydration under the action of feeding pressure;
and (3) second stage dehydration: electrifying the electromagnetic coil in the electromagnetic module again, and introducing a second current, wherein the direction of the second current is the same as the current direction in the process of attraction, the second current is larger than the first current, the second current is increased to increase the pressure between the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate, and the second stage of dehydration is realized through the electromagnetic attraction of the electromagnetic module on the filter plates; in the second stage dehydration, high-pressure gas is introduced into the filter pressing chamber, enters an air inlet on the filter plate through the air inlet branch pipe, and performs back flushing on the filter cloth on the reinforcing lining, so that the filter cloth is cleaned and part of water is taken away in a steam form;
and (3) a mud discharging stage: the limit of the filter pressing chambers is relieved, the current direction of partial electromagnetic coils is changed, so that the electromagnetic force of all the filter pressing chambers can be changed into repulsive force, and the main filter plate and the auxiliary filter plate can be separated from each other under the action of the repulsive force, so that mud can be discharged;
the connecting rod mechanism comprises a main connecting rod (12) and an auxiliary connecting rod (13), the main connecting rod (12) is installed on a rotating middle shaft (17) of an odd number of middle auxiliary filter plates (10), the auxiliary connecting rod (13) is installed on a rotating middle shaft (17) of an even number of middle auxiliary filter plates (10), and the main connecting rod (12) is connected with the auxiliary connecting rod (13) through a hinge;
the limiting is realized by the limiting device, the limiting device (14) is arranged on the odd-number middle auxiliary filter plate (10), the limiting device comprises limiting electromagnetic cores (14-1), limiting coils (14-2), spring baffles (14-3), reset springs (14-4), slide rails (14-5) and slide blocks (14-6), the slide rails (14-5) in each limiting device (14) are fixed on the middle auxiliary filter plate (10) so as to accurately limit the rotating angle of the main connecting rod (12) after the slide blocks (14-6) extend out, and therefore the distance between the middle auxiliary filter plate (10) and the middle main filter plate (11) is limited, the limiting electromagnetic cores (14-1) are fixed on the slide blocks, the spring baffles (14-3) are fixed on the slide rails, and the reset springs (14-4) are used for connecting the slide blocks (14-6) and the slide rails (14-5);
the tail of the sliding block (14-6) is made of magnetic materials, when the limiting block coil (14-2) is electrified, the sliding block (14-6) and the sliding rail (14-5) generate relative motion, meanwhile, the return spring (14-4) is compressed, and the front end of the sliding block (14-6) extends out to clamp the main connecting rod (12).
2. The sewage sludge reduction and dehydration method based on electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the outer ring of the middle main filter plate (11) is provided with a sealing ring (9), and the middle main filter plate (11) is sequentially provided with a reinforcing lining (21) and filter cloth (22) from inside to outside.
3. The electromagnetic force-based sewage sludge reduction and dehydration method according to claim 2, characterized in that: and the front-end auxiliary filter plate (7), the middle main filter plate (11) and the middle auxiliary filter plate (10) are respectively provided with a filter plate drain pipe (25) for draining filtered water.
4. The sewage sludge reduction and dehydration method based on electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a dust removal device (15), wherein the dust removal device (15) sucks sludge dust brought by high-pressure gas to the dust removal device (15) through negative pressure to remove the sludge dust.
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| CN108261813A (en) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-07-10 | 杭州国辰机器人科技有限公司 | A kind of filter press air pulsing desludging device |
| CN109316795B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2023-05-16 | 湖南醴陵复民瓷业机械制造有限公司 | Filter press filter plate of filter press for ceramic production |
| CN115303830B (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-03-24 | 相国新材料科技江苏有限公司 | Windrow atomizing dust-removing device |
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