CN108529848B - Split type filter-pressing sludge dewatering method - Google Patents
Split type filter-pressing sludge dewatering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108529848B CN108529848B CN201810484775.9A CN201810484775A CN108529848B CN 108529848 B CN108529848 B CN 108529848B CN 201810484775 A CN201810484775 A CN 201810484775A CN 108529848 B CN108529848 B CN 108529848B
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000208734 Pisonia aculeata Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method, which is characterized in that a filter-pressing first plate (11), a plurality of middle filter plates (13) and a filter-pressing tail plate (14) are sequentially arranged and are arranged on a support column (22), and a split cylindrical cavity (7) is formed by two semi-cylindrical structures which are respectively arranged at two sides; flexible drainage capillary tube bundles (12) are arranged between the first filter pressing plate (11) and the middle filter plate (13), between the adjacent middle filter plates (13) and between the middle filter plate (13) and the filter pressing tail plate (14); the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method comprises the steps of a sludge feeding front stage, a sludge feeding stage, a filter-pressing dewatering stage, a sludge discharging stage, a cleaning stage and the like. The invention has the advantages of less easily-damaged parts, lower water content of dewatered sludge, and easy sludge unloading and cleaning after pressing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage and sludge treatment, in particular to a split type filter-pressing sludge dewatering method.
Background
The high water content of the sludge is a bottleneck for restricting sludge treatment, the sludge with high water content is large in volume, and a large amount of organic matters, heavy metals and harmful microorganisms contained in the sludge are easy to decay or release into the environment, so that secondary pollution is caused, and the subsequent landfill, incineration, resource utilization and the like of the sludge are adversely affected. Therefore, the deep dehydration and reduction of the sludge are the primary purposes of sludge treatment, the reduction is the basis for realizing other 'three-transformation' of the sludge, and the drier the sludge is, the more beneficial the subsequent treatment and disposal are.
The dewatering equipment commonly used for the early sludge comprises a plate-and-frame filter press, a rotary drum centrifuge and a belt type filter press, the water content of the sludge is generally 75-80% after the sludge is dewatered by the equipment, the sludge is inconvenient to transport and high in cost due to overhigh water content, the sludge cannot be directly treated in a landfill, the drying time is long, a large amount of organic matters and rich nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like in the sludge are easy to decay, and the odor is generated to cause environmental pollution.
At present, most sludge deep dehydration equipment applied to the market is a diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press, but the efficiency is low during dehydration, the squeezing pressure is only 1.6MPa, sewage is injected into the diaphragm plate-and-frame by a high-pressure water pump during squeezing, the diaphragm is expanded to reduce the area of a filter chamber, and the diaphragm plate frame is squeezed by plastic deformation of the plate-and-frame; the compression ratio of the diaphragm plate frame is small, and the relative working period is long. In addition, the common elastic squeezing plate frame on the market is an integral injection molding part in the structural structure, the filtering plate is easy to damage and deform, and the damaged filter plate needs to be replaced integrally, so that the maintenance cost is higher, and more importantly, because of the structural characteristics and low pressing pressure, the prior membrane plate-and-frame filter press can press and dehydrate municipal sludge to about 60 percent, and the water content is reduced a lot compared with the prior plate-and-frame filter press, the main reason is that the sludge is pressed for the second time due to the expansion of the membrane, namely, the sludge press filtration chamber is a variable chamber, but the equipment needs to add lime and iron salt with the absolute dry sludge amount of about 30 percent, therefore, the amount of the sludge is greatly increased, and the added lime, ferric chloride and the like can bring adverse effects on the subsequent treatment of the sludge, so that the reduction and harmless principles of the sludge treatment are violated.
At present there is also a super high pressure elasticity squeezes sludge dewaterer, and this equipment mainly includes high-pressure cylinder, super high pressure filter plate, joins in marriage the board, spring medium, special filter cloth, tailboard, push pedal, girder etc. and constitutes, and this super high pressure squeezes the sheet frame and includes filter frame, filter plate, filter cloth, studio, spring and piston plate, and the spring sets up between filter frame and filter plate, and the piston plate sets up between studio and filter plate for the filter plate passes through the piston plate and produces the compression effect to the studio. The dewatering process of the press plate is mainly divided into two stages, wherein the first stage is to convey materials to a filter chamber by a feed pump, and solid-liquid separation is carried out by means of the pressure of the feed pump while feeding, namely primary filtration dewatering; the second level is elastic squeezing, one end of the device is fixed, the other end of the device applies external pressure through a hydraulic oil cylinder, and the filter chamber space is compressed through an elastic force transmission device (a spring) to squeeze the materials for secondary dehydration. The water content of the sludge can be reduced to about 50% by carrying out ultrahigh pressure squeezing on the sludge, wherein the squeezing pressure is about 5MPa, and the high-pressure oil pump needs to provide pressure of about 25-30 MPa. Similarly, the ultrahigh pressure elastic squeezer realizes ultrahigh pressure extrusion by changing the volume of the sludge squeezing chamber through the arrangement of the springs, the springs are easy to generate fatigue damage because the springs often complete the processes of extension-compression and the like and need to bear alternating load, the springs are easy to generate wearing parts, 10-20 high-strength springs are needed between each group of plate frames, 50-100 plate frames need nearly 1000-2000 high-strength springs, the initial elastic action of the springs needs to be overcome when the springs are squeezed, and the actual squeezing pressure of the sludge during secondary squeezing is smaller than the pressure provided by the ultrahigh pressure oil pump. For example, when the feeding pressure is 1MPa, the spring must provide an elastic force greater than 1MPa, so that the chamber between the filter plate and the filter frame can be kept maximized, and when the feeding compression is finished, the high-pressure pump performs a second high-pressure compression on the sludge, the elastic force of the spring must be overcome, and the pressure of the high-pressure pump is consumed, so that the pressure generated by the high-pressure pump on the sludge is smaller than the actual pressure.
The existing market also has an ultrahigh pressure diaphragm plate and frame filter press, and this equipment is for upgrading on original diaphragm plate and frame filter press, provides nearly 10 MPa's pressure to mud through the water that injects 10MPa in the diaphragm, also is the process of squeezing for the second grade, begins promptly through feed pressure, then injects high-pressure liquid in the diaphragm, carries out the bulging to the diaphragm and further squeezes the dehydration to mud, and municipal administration mud moisture content can drop to about 50% after this equipment dehydration. One major problem with this device is that the diaphragm is subject to such high pressures and large deformations that affect the useful life of the diaphragm.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that to achieve deep dewatering of sludge, variability in the volume of the sludge pressing chamber must be achieved, while the sludge is pressed at high pressure. Regardless of the variability of the sludge pressing chamber of the membrane plate-and-frame filter press or the ultrahigh pressure elastic press, the current sludge deep dehydration equipment has the following main problems: (1) the sludge squeezing pressure of a common diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press is low, the squeezing pressure of an ultrahigh-pressure diaphragm plate-and-frame filter press is enough, but the service life of a diaphragm is not long; (2) the ultrahigh-pressure elastic presser realizes the change of the volume of a sludge pressing chamber by virtue of a spring, and the spring is easy to damage and can consume a large amount of pressing pressure; (3) the higher the pressure is, the firmer the sludge tightly attached to the filter plate is, a compact sludge layer is easily formed, and the sludge layer is bonded on the filter cloth, so that the water discharge resistance is increased, and the dehydration effect is influenced; (4) due to the characteristics of high compressibility and high water content of the sewage sludge and the difficulty in sludge dehydration caused by the fact that the sewage sludge contains capillary water, adsorbed water and internal water, the sludge is difficult to be dehydrated at high depth by completely adopting mechanical pressure so that the water content of the sludge reaches a lower level. Furthermore, the prior art dewatering devices are not conducive to mud discharge and cleaning.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a split-type filter-pressing sludge dewatering method which has the advantages of few easily damaged parts, low water content of dewatered sludge, and easiness in sludge unloading and cleaning after pressing, aiming at the technical problems of more easily damaged parts, high water content of dewatered sludge and difficulty in cleaning after pressing in the prior art.
The invention provides a split-type filter-pressing sludge dewatering method, which comprises the following steps that a filter-pressing first plate (11), a plurality of middle filter plates and a filter-pressing tail plate are sequentially arranged and are arranged on a support column, and a split-type cylindrical cavity is formed by two semi-cylindrical structures which are respectively arranged at two sides; flexible drainage capillary tube bundles are arranged between the first filter pressing plate and the middle filter plate, between the adjacent middle filter plates and between the middle filter plate and the filter pressing tail plate; the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method comprises the following steps:
a mud feeding early stage: the two semi-cylindrical structures enclose the filter pressing first plate, the plurality of middle filter plates and the filter pressing tail plate so as to form a plurality of filter pressing chambers among the support columns, the filter pressing first plate, the middle filter plates and the filter pressing tail plate;
a mud feeding stage: pumping the sludge into each filter pressing cavity by adopting a plunger pump, and realizing feed dehydration;
and (3) a filter pressing dehydration stage: under the action of a power mechanism, force is applied to the filter pressing first plate through the middle pressure transmission plate so as to realize filter pressing dehydration; absorbing water in the sludge between the filter plates through the flexible drainage capillary tube bundles;
and (3) a mud discharging stage: the split cylindrical cavity is opened, the power mechanism moves reversely, the pressure of each filter pressing cavity is removed, and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle breaks the structure of the mud cake through the pull-back of the filter plate to enable the mud cake to fall down, so that mud removal is realized.
Optionally, the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method further comprises a cleaning stage, after the sludge unloading is completed, a cleaning mechanism is adopted to clean the first filter-pressing plate, the middle filter plate, the tail filter-pressing plate and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle, the support columns are driven by the motor to drive the first filter-pressing plate, the middle filter plate and the tail filter-pressing plate on the support columns to rotate for a certain angle, and then the cleaning mechanism performs secondary washing.
Optionally, a split cylindrical cavity guide rail for allowing the two semi-cylindrical structures to slide is arranged on the machine frame, and the two semi-cylindrical structures are locked by a locking device after being folded; the locking device is a split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail, a clamping structure matched with the two semi-cylindrical structures is arranged on the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail, and the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail is slid and clamped on the split cylindrical cavity.
Optionally, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle comprises tube bundle wrapping filter cloth, flexible water absorbing threads and sealing filter cloth, the tube bundle wrapping filter cloth wraps and fixes a group of flexible water absorbing threads to form the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle, the flexible water absorbing threads are used for absorbing water in sludge between the filter plates at all levels during squeezing, and the sealing filter cloth is sewn at two ends of the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle and is sewn on the filter cloth on the surface of the filter plate, so that the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle and the filter cloth on the surface of the filter plate are sealed.
Optionally, steel wires are arranged between two adjacent filter pressing plates of the first filter pressing plate, the middle filter plate and the filter pressing tail plate; after sludge to be treated enters a filter pressing chamber, tightening a steel wire to limit the distance between two adjacent plates; in the filter pressing process, the power mechanism acts on the filter pressing first plate through the middle pressure transmission plate, and the steel wire is released from a tightened state; in the mud discharging process, the power mechanism is pulled back, the steel wire is tightened again, and meanwhile, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle is gradually straightened to destroy the structure in the mud cake to enable the mud cake to fall.
Optionally, the buckling parts of the two semi-cylindrical structures are respectively provided with a sealing groove and a sealing convex strip which are matched with each other, and the buckling parts of the two semi-cylindrical structures are respectively provided with a corresponding locking device groove for clamping the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rails; all be equipped with the cylinder interface on the lateral surface of two semi-cylindrical structures, the cylinder interface connection has the cylinder, makes under the effect of cylinder two semi-cylindrical structures slide in order to realize the lock on the split cylinder cavity guide rail.
As optional, the support column on be equipped with rotatory fixed disk, key and axial screw hole, rotatory fixed disk on corresponding screw hole of many telescopic bolts on and the first board of filter-pressing pass through thread fixed connection, so that the first board of filter-pressing rotates along with the support column syntropy, key and middle filter plate on the keyway closely cooperate when clean operation to it is rotatory along with the support column syntropy to make middle filter plate, the screw thread post of axial screw hole and motor close mutually, the motor drives the support column and rotates.
Optionally, the middle filter plate is provided with a key groove matched with the key, surface filter cloth, a water outlet hole and a sealing ring groove, after the cleaning mechanism finishes primary washing, the steel wire is removed, meanwhile, the power mechanism acts again to push the middle pressure transfer plate, the force is transferred to the middle pressure transfer plate to push the filter pressing first plate again, the filter pressing first plate pushes the middle filter plates at all levels, the middle filter plates are pushed to the key groove, and simultaneously, sludge attached to the support columns is crushed, the motor drives the support columns to rotate 90 degrees so that the middle filter plate rotates 90 degrees along with the support columns, the surface filter cloth is used for transmitting water squeezed by sludge during filter pressing and transferring the water to the interior of the filter plate, the apopore be used for discharging the water that transmits to the filter plate inside, the sealing washer recess on sheathe in the sealing washer after closely laminating with the cavity inner wall, formed a plurality of independent filter pressing cavities.
Optionally, the cleaning mechanism comprises a mud removing scrubbing brush base, and the mud removing scrubbing brush base is mounted on the cleaning mechanism guide rail and is slidably connected with the cleaning mechanism guide rail; after mud is discharged, the base of the mud removing scrubbing brush descends to drive the mud removing scrubbing brush on the base to descend so as to clean the first filter pressing plate, the middle filter plate, the tail filter pressing plate and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle; after the base of the mud removing scrubbing brush descends to a designated position, the mud removing scrubbing brush transversely moves along a guide rail on the base of the mud removing scrubbing brush.
Optionally, the power mechanism is installed on a fixed supporting plate, the fixed supporting plate is installed on the frame, the filter pressing tail plate is fixed on the supporting column, and the intermediate pressure transfer plate, the filter pressing head plate and the intermediate filter pressing plate are axially slidably connected with the supporting column.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages that: (1) compared with the cavity of the traditional sludge dewatering device, the split cylindrical cavity can obtain a very large squeezing space, and meanwhile, the inter-plate structure formed by the filter pressing first plate, the plurality of middle filter plates and the filter pressing tail plate adopted in the split cylindrical cavity can be made into independent filter pressing cavities, so that the force can be transferred from the filter pressing first plate to the filter pressing tail plate one by one during squeezing, and multi-cavity squeezing is formed; (2) according to the scheme, the sealing groove and the sealing convex strip of the split cylindrical cavity are embedded, and the sealing strip is placed at the groove, so that mud leakage can be avoided as far as possible even if the cavity wall is slightly deformed under stress in the squeezing process, and meanwhile, the cavity is sealed end to end by the head plate and the tail plate, so that mud leakage is greatly reduced compared with that of a cavity or a multi-cavity with the same squeezing amount; (3) in the middle and later stages of squeezing, because the pressure is very large, the sludge tightly attached to the filter plates is very firm, a compact sludge layer is easily formed, the sludge layer is bonded on the filter cloth, the water discharge resistance is increased, and the dewatering effect is influenced, so the scheme adopts the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle to absorb the water in the sludge between the filter plates at all stages, the water flowing out of the sludge during squeezing can be more effectively absorbed to prevent secondary backflow, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle is embedded in the sludge during squeezing, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle gradually returns straight when the filter plates are pulled back after squeezing, and the structure in the mud cakes can be damaged to enable the sludge to more conveniently fall; the sludge thickness has great influence on the dehydration effect, the water content rate of the sludge in the thick sludge layer is obviously higher than that of the sludge in the thin sludge layer because the internal water discharge resistance of the thick sludge layer is large and the water is not easy to discharge, and the flexible capillary tube bundle arranged in the sludge is adopted, so that the internal water in the sludge can be discharged through the capillary tube bundle penetrating through the sludge layer, the water content of the sludge is greatly reduced, and the dehydration effect is improved; (4) the filter pressing first plate and the middle filter plate can rotate, so that the filter pressing first plate and the middle filter plate can rotate by a certain angle along with the support column after primary cleaning is finished, secondary cleaning is carried out, and sludge on the side surface of the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle can be cleaned; (5) the steel wire is used for ensuring that the distance between the adjacent filter plates does not exceed a set value, and can also help the filter pressing first plate and the middle filter plates at all levels to reset after the pressing or during mud discharging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the split press filtration sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a split filter-press sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a support column of the split filter-press sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a split cylindrical chamber of a split filter-press sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an initial state plate-to-plate structure of the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the working state plate-to-plate structure of the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 8 is a three-dimensional view of a flexible drainage capillary bundle of a split filter-press sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a flexible drainage capillary tube bundle of a split filter press sludge dewatering device;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the surface sealing of the flexible drainage capillary bundle filter cloth of the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering device.
As shown in the figure, 1, an oil cylinder, 2, a fixed supporting plate, 3, an oil cylinder lock, 4, an intermediate pressure transfer plate, 5, a split cylindrical cavity locking device, 6, a bolt, 7, a split cylindrical cavity, 8, a mud removing scrubbing brush, 9, a mud removing scrubbing brush base, 10, a cleaning mechanism guide rail, 11, a filter pressing first plate, 12, a flexible drainage capillary tube bundle, 13, an intermediate filter plate, 14, a filter pressing tail plate, 15, a split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail, 16, a split cylindrical cavity guide rail, 17, an air cylinder, 18, a plunger pump, 19, a motor, 20, a rack, 21, a split cylindrical cavity supporting plate, 22, a supporting column, 23 and a steel wire.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and alternatives that may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention. In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. Moreover, the drawings of the present invention are not necessarily to scale, nor are they necessarily to scale, as may be shown and described herein.
As shown in fig. 1, a split type filter-pressing sludge dewatering device is illustrated, and the split type filter-pressing sludge dewatering method of the present invention is based on the split type filter-pressing sludge dewatering device, and includes: an oil cylinder 1, a fixed supporting plate 2, an oil cylinder lock 3, an intermediate pressure transfer plate 4, a split cylindrical cavity locking device 5, a bolt 6, a split cylindrical cavity 7, a mud removing scrubbing brush 8, a mud removing scrubbing brush base 9, a cleaning mechanism guide rail 10, a filter pressing first plate 11, a flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12, an intermediate filter plate 13, a filter pressing tail plate 14, a split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail 15, a split cylindrical cavity guide rail 16, an air cylinder 17, a plunger pump 18, a motor 19, a frame 20, a split cylindrical cavity supporting plate 21, a supporting column 22 and a steel wire 23, the power mechanism consisting of the oil cylinder 1, the fixed supporting plate 2, the oil cylinder lock 3 and the middle pressure transmission plate 4 is arranged on the frame 20, the power mechanism is provided with pressure by the oil cylinder, the pressure is divided into two parts by the middle pressure transfer plate to push the first filter pressing plate 11, and the power mechanism can also help the filter plate mechanism to clean after the pressing is finished.
The invention comprises the following steps:
a mud feeding early stage: the two semi-cylindrical structures enclose the filter pressing first plate 11, the plurality of middle filter plates 13 and the filter pressing tail plate 14 so as to form a plurality of filter pressing chambers among the support columns 22, the filter pressing first plate 11, the middle filter plates 13 and the filter pressing tail plate 14;
a mud feeding stage: pumping the sludge into each filter pressing chamber by adopting a plunger pump 18, and realizing feed dehydration;
and (3) a filter pressing dehydration stage: under the action of a power mechanism, force is applied to the first filter pressing plate 11 through the middle pressure transmission plate 4 so as to realize filter pressing and dehydration; absorbing water in sludge between the filter plates through the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12;
and (3) a mud discharging stage: the split cylindrical cavity 7 is opened, the power mechanism moves reversely, the pressure of each filter pressing cavity is removed, and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12 breaks the structure of the mud cake through the pulling back of the filter plate to enable the mud cake to fall down, so that mud removal is realized.
The split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method further comprises a cleaning stage, after sludge unloading is completed, a cleaning mechanism is adopted to clean the first filter-pressing plate 11, the middle filter plate 13, the tail filter plate 14 and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12, the support columns 22 are driven by the motor 19 to drive the first filter-pressing plate 11, the middle filter plate 13 and the tail filter plate 14 on the support columns to rotate for a certain angle, and then the cleaning mechanism carries out secondary washing.
The flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12 comprises a tube bundle wrapping filter cloth 12-1, flexible drainage capillary tubes 12-2 and sealing filter cloth 12-3, the tube bundle wrapping filter cloth 12-1 wraps and fixes a group of 7 flexible drainage capillary tubes 12-2 to form the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12, the flexible drainage capillary tubes 12-2 are filiform water absorption threads made of materials with good water absorption and flexibility and used for absorbing water in sludge between filter plates at each stage during squeezing, the sealing filter cloth 12-3 is filter cloth sewn at two ends of the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12 and sewn on filter cloth on the surface of the filter plates simultaneously so as to seal the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle 12 and the filter cloth on the surface of the filter plates, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundles are distributed among the plates in a groined shape, namely are regularly arranged in a transverse and vertical direction, the arrangement method can facilitate the cleaning mechanism to clean the sludge on the surface of the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle.
The split filter-pressing sludge dewatering device further comprises a multi-stage filter plate mechanism, a split cylindrical cavity, a cavity closing device, a steel wire, a rotating mechanism and a cleaning mechanism, wherein the multi-stage filter plate mechanism consisting of a first filter plate 11, a plurality of middle filter plates 13 and a tail filter plate 14 is arranged on a support column 22, the first filter plate 11, the middle filter plates 13 and the tail filter plates 14 are all made of metal materials, a hole of 100mm is formed in the center of each plate to facilitate installation on the support column 22, each middle filter plate 13 comprises a key groove 13-1, surface filter cloth 13-2, a water outlet 13-3 and a seal ring groove 13-4, the key groove 13-1 is matched with a key 22-2 of the support column 22 in cleaning operation after squeezing to realize that the middle filter plate 13 rotates along with the support column 22 at the same direction and the same angle, so that the middle filter plate 13 rotates less or does not rotate due to the self weight when the support, the surface filter cloth 13-2 is installed on both sides of the middle filter plate 13, is a common filter cloth widely used at present, and is used for absorbing water squeezed by sludge during squeezing and transmitting the water to the inside of the filter plate, a reinforcing lining cloth made of high-strength and high-permeability material is further padded under the filter cloth to protect the filter cloth from being damaged under high pressure, the water outlet holes 13-3 are used for discharging water transmitted to the interior of the filter plate, after pressing, the air can blow away small sludge particles attached to the surface of the filter cloth, the sealing ring grooves 13-4 can be tightly attached to the wall of the chamber after being sleeved with the sealing rings to form a plurality of independent press-filtering chambers, and the sealing performance among the filter plates is enhanced by two sealing ring grooves 13-4 of each filter plate, so that water squeezed from the sludge among the filter plates of each stage is prevented from flowing to the previous stage or the next stage.
The split cylindrical cavity 7 comprises a buckle groove 7-1, a sealing groove 7-2, a sealing convex strip 7-3 and a cylinder connector, the buckle groove 7-1 and the split cylindrical cavity locking device 5 are tightly matched for absorbing the force expanding outwards in the cavity in the squeezing process, the sealing performance of the cavity can be improved by a straight groove formed by the sealing groove 7-2 of the left flap and the sealing convex strip 7-3 of the right flap, mud leakage at the upper and lower closed parts of the cavity can be prevented, an open-close cylindrical cavity consisting of the split cylindrical cavity 7, a filter plate mechanism and a support column 22 is arranged on a rack 20, compared with the cavity of the traditional sludge dewatering device, the split cylindrical cavity 7 forms the wall of the overall cavity, the filter press head plate 11 is used as the cover of the cavity, and the filter press tail plate 14 is used as the base of the cavity, the structure can obtain a very large squeezing space, and meanwhile, a plurality of plate-to-plate structures formed by the first filter pressing plate 11, the plurality of middle filter plates 13 and the filter pressing tail plate 14 adopted in the structure can also be seen as being made into independent filter pressing chambers, so that force can be transferred from the first filter pressing plate 11 one by one during squeezing to form multi-stage squeezing, the chambers can also facilitate mud discharge, and the filter plates are very convenient to disassemble and maintain.
The cavity closing device consisting of the split cylindrical cavity locking device 5, the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rails 15, the split cylindrical cavity guide rails 16 and the air cylinders 17 is installed on the rack 20, when preparation work before squeezing starts is carried out, the air cylinders 17 installed on two sides of the rack 20 act to push the split cylindrical cavity 7 to a specified position along the split cylindrical cavity guide rails 16, after the split cylindrical cavity 7 is closed up and down, the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rails 15 installed at the top and the bottom of the rack 20 act to clamp the buckles 5 along the buckle grooves 7-1 of the split cylindrical cavity 7, and the split cylindrical cavity is closed.
The steel wire 23 is positioned and connected by 3U-shaped columns, and is installed on the front and back surfaces of the first filter-pressing plate and the middle filter plate, the front surface of the filter-pressing tail plate and the back surface of the middle pressure transmission plate, the steel wire 23 has two working states of tightening and loosening, and can be removed when necessary, when the oil cylinder 1 acts, the steel wire 23 on the middle pressure transmission plate 4 is in an open state, the steel wire is loosened, when the oil cylinder stops acting and pulling back, the steel wire 23 on the middle pressure transmission plate 4 starts a locking state, the steel wire is tightened and pulls back the first filter-pressing plate 11 and the middle filter plates 13 at all levels until reset, when the filter plates are pulled back, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundles 12 which are embedded in the mud cakes are gradually pulled back to be in an original shape, so that the structure in the mud.
The mud-removing scrubbing brush 8, the mud-removing scrubbing brush base 9 and the cleaning mechanism guide rail 10 are arranged on the frame 20, the mud-removing scrubbing brush base 9 descends to a specified height through the cleaning mechanism guide rail 10 after mud is discharged, the mud-removing scrubbing brush base 9 ascends to the original height after being cleaned for the first time, and descends to the specified height again when being cleaned for the second time, the mud-removing scrubbing brush 8 moves left and right along the guide rail of the mud-removing scrubbing brush base 9 after the mud-removing scrubbing brush base 9 reaches the specified height, the rotating mechanism is used during the cleaning operation for the second time, the rotating mechanism consisting of the motor 19 and the supporting column 22 is arranged on the frame 20, the supporting column 22 comprises a rotating fixed disk 22-1, a key 22-2 and a threaded hole 22-3, 4 telescopic bolts 6 fixed by the rotating fixed disk 22-1 are matched with 4 threaded holes on the first filter-pressing plate 11, the power mechanism acts again to push the first filter pressing plate 11 and the middle filter plates at all levels, the middle filter plates 13 are pushed to the key grooves 13-1, simultaneously sludge attached to the supporting columns 22 is crushed, the keys 22-2 are tightly closed with the key grooves 13-1 on the middle filter plates 13, so that the first filter pressing plate 11 and the middle filter plates 13 can rotate in the same direction and at the same angle with the supporting columns 22, the threaded holes 22-3 are matched with threads on a rotating shaft of the motor 19, the motor 19 drives the supporting columns 22 to rotate for 90 degrees, and the supporting columns 22 drive the first filter pressing plate 11 and the middle filter plates 13 to rotate for 90 degrees and then perform secondary cleaning operation.
In the filter pressing stage, filter pressing is kept and pressure is relieved, the two filter pressing plates are twisted relatively, the flexible pipe bundle generates torsion, twisting action is carried out, the twisting direction is switched back and forth, filter pressing is carried out again, and multiple times of alternate circulation are carried out, so that filter pressing and torsion collaborative dehydration is realized. The two plates are connected by steel wires which are arranged in an inclined mode, so that relative twisting motion can be generated between the two plates, and the water outlet effect is similar to a towel twisting water outlet effect.
The working principle of the device is as follows: before the work is started to enter the mud (the last period of mud discharging and cleaning is finished), the device is in an initial state: namely, the oil cylinder is in an initial state, the chamber is in an open state, the split cylindrical cavities are positioned at two sides of the frame, steel wires between the filter plates at all levels and on the middle pressure transfer plate are in a locked state, and the steel wires and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle are in a straightened state. At the moment, a new working cycle is started, the cylinders arranged on two sides of the rack act to push the split cylindrical cavities to the designated positions along the split cylindrical cavity guide rails, after the split cylindrical cavities are closed left and right, the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rails arranged on the top and the bottom of the rack act to clamp the buckles along the buckle grooves of the split cylindrical cavities, so that the split cylindrical cavities are closed, and the upper and lower openings of the whole cavity are locked. And the plunger pump injects mud from a mud injection port on the filter-pressing tail plate, and when the mud is filled to the half height of the space between the filter-pressing tail plate and the upper-stage middle filter plate, the mud flows to the space between the upper-stage middle filter plates, so that the whole cavity is gradually filled. When the cavity is filled with sludge, the steel wire on the middle pressure transmission plate is closed and locked, the middle pressure transmission plate is started to be in an open state, the oil cylinder starts to act to push the middle pressure transmission plate, the force is transmitted to the middle pressure transmission plate, then the middle pressure transmission plate divides the pressure into two parts to push the filter pressing first plate, the filter pressing first plate can extrude the sludge between the plates and transmit the force to the next middle filter plate while pushing, so that the filter pressing first plate is pressed step by step until the filter pressing first plate is pushed to the maximum displacement position, at the moment, the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail is started to draw out the buckle from the buckle groove, after the buckle is drawn out, the air cylinder retracts to pull the split cylindrical cavity to the two sides of the frame along the split cylindrical cavity guide rail, then the locking state of the steel wire on the middle pressure transmission plate is opened, the pushing force of the oil cylinder is removed, the middle pressure transmission plate pulls the filter pressing, when the filter plate is pulled, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle which is embedded in the mud cake is gradually straightened and returns to the original shape, and the structure in the mud cake is damaged, so that the mud cake falls off. When the first filter pressing plate returns to the initial position, the mud discharging is finished, the cleaning mechanism acts to perform the first cleaning operation, and meanwhile, high-pressure gas is introduced into a pipeline connected with the water outlet hole of the tail plate to blow away small mud particles attached to the surface of the filter cloth. The mud removing scrubbing brush base descends to a specified height through a guide rail of a cleaning mechanism after mud is discharged, the mud removing scrubbing brush moves left and right along the guide rail of the mud removing scrubbing brush base after the mud removing scrubbing brush base reaches the specified height to brush away sludge on the surfaces of flexible drainage capillary tube bundles, filter cloth on the surfaces of the filter plates and support columns, the first cleaning operation is finished after the mud removing scrubbing brush moves back and forth for 20 cycles, the mud removing scrubbing brush returns to the initial position, a cleaning frame rises back to the specified height along a track, at the moment, the locking state of steel wires on the middle pressure transmission plates is opened, a power mechanism moves again to push the first filter plate and the middle filter plates at all levels, the sludge attached to the support columns is crushed while pushing the middle filter plates to the key grooves, the keys are tightly closed with the key grooves on the middle filter plates, the motor drives the support columns to rotate 90 degrees clockwise, and the support columns drive the first, then opening the open state of the steel wire on the middle pressure transfer plate, stopping the oil pump, pulling back the filter plates at all levels to the maximum position, then moving the cleaning mechanism again to perform the second cleaning operation, resetting the cleaning mechanism after the second cleaning operation is completed, finally opening the locking state of the steel wire on the middle pressure transfer plate, moving the power mechanism again to push the filter pressing first plate and the middle filter plates at all levels, closing the key and the key groove on the middle filter plate tightly, driving the support column to rotate 90 degrees along the anticlockwise direction by the motor, driving the filter pressing first plate and the middle filter plates to rotate 90 degrees anticlockwise by the support column, then opening the open state of the steel wire on the middle pressure transfer plate, stopping the oil pump, pulling back the filter plates at all levels to reset, and completing.
Although the embodiments have been described and illustrated separately, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that some common techniques may be substituted and integrated between the embodiments, and reference may be made to one of the embodiments not explicitly described, or to another embodiment described.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention only and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the specific structure thereof is allowed to vary. In general, all changes which come within the scope of the invention as defined by the independent claims are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. The split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
arranging a first filter pressing plate (11), a plurality of middle filter plates (13) and a filter pressing tail plate (14) in sequence, installing the filter pressing tail plate on a support column (22), and forming a split cylindrical cavity (7) by two semi-cylindrical structures which are respectively arranged at two sides; flexible drainage capillary tube bundles (12) are arranged between the first filter pressing plate (11) and the middle filter plate (13), between the adjacent middle filter plates (13) and between the middle filter plate (13) and the filter pressing tail plate (14); the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method comprises the following steps:
a mud feeding early stage: the two semi-cylindrical structures enclose the filter pressing first plate (11), the plurality of middle filter plates (13) and the filter pressing tail plate (14) so as to form a plurality of filter pressing chambers among the support columns (22), the filter pressing first plate (11), the middle filter plates (13) and the filter pressing tail plate (14);
a mud feeding stage: pumping the sludge into each filter pressing chamber by adopting a plunger pump (18), and realizing feed dehydration;
and (3) a filter pressing dehydration stage: under the action of a power mechanism, force is applied to the first filter pressing plate (11) through the middle pressure transmission plate (4) to realize filter pressing dehydration; absorbing water in sludge between the filter plates through the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12);
and (3) a mud discharging stage: the split cylindrical cavity (7) is opened, the power mechanism moves in the reverse direction, the pressure of each filter pressing cavity is removed, and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12) breaks the structure of a mud cake through the pulling back of the filter plate to enable the mud cake to fall down, so that mud removal is realized;
the split filter-pressing sludge dewatering method further comprises a cleaning stage, after sludge discharge is completed, a cleaning mechanism is adopted to clean the first filter-pressing plate (11), the middle filter plate (13), the tail filter plate (14) and the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12), the support columns (22) are driven by the motor (19) to drive the first filter-pressing plate (11), the middle filter plate (13) and the tail filter plate (14) to rotate for a certain angle, and then the cleaning mechanism performs secondary washing;
a split cylindrical cavity guide rail (16) for the two semi-cylindrical structures to slide is arranged on the frame (20), and the two semi-cylindrical structures are locked by a locking device after being folded; the locking device is a split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail (15), a clamping structure matched with the two semi-cylindrical structures is arranged on the locking device, and the split cylindrical cavity locking device guide rail (15) is slid and clamped on the split cylindrical cavity (7);
the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12) comprises tube bundle wrapping filter cloth (12-1), flexible water absorbing threads (12-2) and sealing filter cloth, the tube bundle wrapping filter cloth (12-1) wraps and fixes a group of flexible water absorbing threads (12-2) to form the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12), the flexible water absorbing threads (12-2) are used for absorbing water in sludge between all levels of filter plates during squeezing, the sealing filter cloth is the filter cloth sewn at two ends of the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12) and is sewn on the filter cloth on the surface of the filter plates, and therefore sealing of the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12) and the filter cloth on the surface of the filter plates is completed.
2. The opposed filter-press sludge dewatering method according to claim 1, characterized in that: steel wires (23) are arranged between two adjacent filter pressing head plates (11), middle filter plates (13) and filter pressing tail plates (14); after sludge to be treated enters the filter pressing chamber, the steel wire (23) is tightened to limit the distance between two adjacent plates; in the filter pressing process, the power mechanism acts on the filter pressing first plate (11) through the middle pressure transmission plate (4), and the steel wire (23) is released from a tightened state; in the mud discharging process, the power mechanism is pulled back, the steel wire (23) is tightened again, and meanwhile, the flexible drainage capillary tube bundle (12) is gradually straightened to destroy the structure in the mud cake to enable the mud cake to fall.
3. The opposed filter-press sludge dewatering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the buckling parts of the two semi-cylindrical structures are respectively provided with a sealing groove (7-2) and a sealing convex strip (7-3) which are matched with each other, and the buckling parts of the two semi-cylindrical structures are respectively provided with a corresponding locking device groove (7-1) for clamping a locking device guide rail (15) of the split cylindrical cavity; all be equipped with the cylinder interface on the lateral surface of two semi-cylindrical structures, the cylinder interface is connected with cylinder (17), makes under the effect of cylinder (17) two semi-cylindrical structures slide in order to realize the lock on split cylinder cavity guide rail (16).
4. The opposed filter-press sludge dewatering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: support column (22) on be equipped with rotatory fixed disk (22-1), key (22-2) and axial screw hole (22-3), rotatory fixed disk (22-1) on corresponding screw hole of many telescopic bolts (6) on and filter-pressing first board (11) pass through screw thread fixed connection, so that filter-pressing first board (11) rotate along with the support column syntropy, key (22-2) closely cooperate when clean operation with the keyway on middle filter plate (13) to make middle filter plate (13) rotatory along with support column (22) syntropy, axial screw hole (22-3) close with the screw thread post of motor (19) mutually soon, motor (19) drive support column (22) and rotate.
5. The opposed filter-press sludge dewatering method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the middle filter plate (13) is provided with a key groove (13-1) matched with the key (22-2), surface filter cloth (13-2), a water outlet hole (13-3) and a sealing ring groove (13-4), after the cleaning mechanism is washed once, a steel wire (23) is removed, meanwhile, a power mechanism acts again to push the middle pressure transfer plate (4), force is transferred to the middle pressure transfer plate (4) to push the first filter plate (11) again, the first filter plate (11) pushes the middle filter plates (13) at all levels, each middle filter plate (13) is pushed to the key groove (13-1) and simultaneously sludge attached to the support column (22) is crushed, the motor (19) drives the support column (22) to rotate 90 degrees so that the middle filter plate (13) rotates 90 degrees along with the support column (22), the surface filter cloth (13-2) is used for transmitting water squeezed by the sludge when the filter plate is filtered and transmitting the water to the inside, the water outlet holes (13-3) are used for discharging water transmitted to the interior of the filter plate, and the sealing ring grooves (13-4) are sleeved with sealing rings and then are tightly attached to the inner wall of the cavity to form a plurality of independent filter pressing chambers.
6. The opposed filter-press sludge dewatering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cleaning mechanism comprises a mud removing scrubbing brush base (9), and the mud removing scrubbing brush base (9) is arranged on a cleaning mechanism guide rail (10) and is connected with the cleaning mechanism guide rail (10) in a sliding manner; after mud is discharged, the base (9) of the mud removing scrubbing brush descends to drive the mud removing scrubbing brush on the base to descend so as to clean the first filter pressing plate (11), the middle filter plate (13) and the tail filter pressing plate (14); after the base (9) of the mud removing scrubbing brush descends to a designated position, the mud removing scrubbing brush transversely moves along a guide rail on the base (9) of the mud removing scrubbing brush.
7. The opposed filter-press sludge dewatering method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the filter pressing device is characterized in that the power mechanism is installed on the fixed supporting plate (2), the fixed supporting plate (2) is installed on the rack (20), the filter pressing tail plate (14) is fixed on the supporting column (22), and the intermediate pressure transfer plate (4), the filter pressing first plate (11) and the intermediate filter pressing plate (13) are axially connected with the supporting column (22) in a sliding mode.
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| CN108409102B (en) * | 2018-05-20 | 2024-06-07 | 湖南滇湘市政建设工程有限公司 | Split type multi-chamber pressure filtration sludge dewatering device |
| CN109502945B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2024-06-25 | 毅康科技有限公司 | High-dryness sludge dewatering device and use method thereof |
| CN110330208A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-15 | 广东恒鑫智能装备股份有限公司 | Sludge filter press |
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| EP0226659B1 (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1989-05-17 | Bauko Baukooperation Gmbh | Filter press |
| JP3359409B2 (en) * | 1994-01-12 | 2002-12-24 | 株式会社ナガオカ | Pressurized dehydrator for sludge treatment and sludge treatment method |
| CN104857749B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-01-11 | 中国计量大学 | Double-body type deep dewatering device for sewage sludge |
| CN205435091U (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-08-10 | 瑞金盛源金属新材料有限责任公司 | Intelligent product pressure filter for copper |
| CN206168012U (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-05-17 | 河北派润实业有限公司 | Sludge press filtration equipment |
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