CN107006254A - 一种提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的方法 - Google Patents

一种提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的方法 Download PDF

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CN107006254A
CN107006254A CN201710249039.0A CN201710249039A CN107006254A CN 107006254 A CN107006254 A CN 107006254A CN 201710249039 A CN201710249039 A CN 201710249039A CN 107006254 A CN107006254 A CN 107006254A
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的方法，该方法包括（1）称取水杨酸、赤霉素和香豆素，用水配成一定浓度的溶液；（2）药剂的喷施，3‑9月份期间选择无雨的日子，在日出前或日落后进行喷施，每月喷施2‑3次，每次喷施间隔不低于10天，使植株均匀沾有溶液；4‑8月份期间，选择无雨的日子，每月喷施2‑3次磷酸二氢钾溶液，使植株均匀沾有溶液。本发明可以全面提升七叶一枝花的产量和质量，采收时，七叶一枝花根茎的产量比同等条件下不进行叶面喷施的产量高出10%‑15%，根茎中皂甙和黄酮类化合物的含量均高出20%‑25%，产量和质量的提升效果都十分显著。

Description

一种提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的方法，具体指通过叶面喷施药剂来提高产量和增加皂甙、黄酮类有效成分含量的方法。
背景技术
七叶一枝花，又名蚤休、重楼、重台，为百合科植物七叶一枝花、金线重楼及其数种同属植物的花卉，生长于山区山坡、林下或溪边湿地，分布在江苏、浙江、福建、江西、安徽、湖北、四川，贵州、云南、广东、广西等地。《唐本草》言其“醋摩疗痈肿，敷蛇毒”。
中医认为，七叶一枝花有小毒，苦、寒，入肝经，有清热解毒、凉肝定惊之功，适用于多种热毒疮疡，咽喉肿痛，痄腮，毒蛇咬伤，惊痫，高热神昏等。《本草汇言》言“蚤休，凉血祛风，解痈毒之药也”。药理研究表明，七叶一枝花对肠道杆菌、化脓性球菌等多种细菌的抗菌作用，对流感病毒有抑制作用，且有一定的平喘，止咳作用，但无祛痰作用。因此，感冒咽痛时，吃些蚤休或蚤休粥，能清热解毒，散瘀消肿，对咽喉肿痛有明显疗效。
七叶一枝花为多年生草本，高35-100cm，根状茎粗厚，直径达2.5cm，棕褐色，茎通常紫色。七叶一枝花入药的部位主要是根茎，活性成分主要为皂甙和黄酮类化合物，现阶段，七叶一枝花的产量和质量均不高，根茎中皂甙、黄酮类化合物含量偏低，国内也非常缺乏提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的研究报道。因此，通过叶面喷施药剂来提高七叶一枝花的产量和皂甙、黄酮类有效成分含量，对于提高七叶一枝花中药材的利用度，提高经济效益，促进中药材标准化种植都具有重要意义。
发明内容
为解决上述七叶一枝花现有技术存在的问题，本发明人经过大量的实践，终于摸索和总结出一种通过叶面喷施药剂来提高七叶一枝花产量和增加七叶一枝花根茎中皂甙、黄酮类化合物含量的方法。
本发明包括以下几个步骤：
（1）药剂的配制，称取一定量的水杨酸、赤霉素和香豆素，用水溶解，使溶解后的水溶液中水杨酸的浓度为20-50ppm，赤霉素的质量分数为0.01%-0.02%，香豆素的质量分数为0.02%-0.05%。
（2）药剂的喷施，3-9月份期间，将上述配好的溶液选择无雨的日子，往正在生长的七叶一枝花进行叶面喷施，在日出前或日落后进行喷施，每月喷施2-3次，每次喷施间隔不低于10天，每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液；4-8月份期间，选择无雨的日子，每月喷施2-3次磷酸二氢钾溶液（质量分数为0.30%），每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：
药剂的喷施能有效促进七叶一枝花生长和皂甙、黄酮类化合物的合成，通过本方法进行叶面喷施的七叶一枝花，产量和质量都有明显提升，采收时，七叶一枝花根茎的产量比同等条件下不进行叶面喷施的产量高出10%-15%，根茎中皂甙和黄酮类化合物的含量均高出20%-25%，产量和质量的提升效果都十分显著。
本发明所应用的药剂均为常用药剂，价格较低，也容易获得；所采用的喷施方法较为简单，喷施的次数也不多，在不需要太多投入的条件下就能实现，而由于喷施带来的经济效益却很显著，以亩产200公斤为例，通过叶面喷施，七叶一枝花的根茎产量达220公斤左右，价格由25元/公斤提升至30元/公斤，喷施所需成本只需600-800元，而由于产量和质量提升带来的收益却有1600元左右，经济效益十分显著，该方法还便于进行产业化、规模化和标准化实施，市场应用前景广阔。
具体实施方式
以下对提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的方法进行详细说明。
实施例1：
（1）药剂的配制，称取一定量的水杨酸、赤霉素和香豆素，用水溶解，使溶解后的水溶液中水杨酸的浓度为25ppm，赤霉素的质量分数为0.015%，香豆素的质量分数为0.04%。
（2）药剂的喷施，3-9月份期间，将上述配好的溶液选择无雨的日子，往正在生长的七叶一枝花进行叶面喷施，在日出前或日落后进行喷施，每月喷施2次，每次喷施间隔不低于10天，每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液；4-8月份期间，选择无雨的日子，每月喷施3次磷酸二氢钾溶液（质量分数为0.30%），每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液。
通过本方法进行叶面喷施的七叶一枝花，产量和质量都有明显提升，采收时，七叶一枝花根茎的产量比同等条件下不进行叶面喷施的产量高出12%，根茎中皂甙类化合物含量高出21%、黄酮类化合物含量高出23%，产量和质量的提升效果都十分显著。
实施例2
（1）药剂的配制，称取一定量的水杨酸、赤霉素和香豆素，用水溶解，使溶解后的水溶液中水杨酸的浓度为40ppm，赤霉素的质量分数为0.019%，香豆素的质量分数为0.03%。
（2）药剂的喷施，3-9月份期间，将上述配好的溶液选择无雨的日子，往正在生长的七叶一枝花进行叶面喷施，在日出前或日落后进行喷施，每月喷施3次，每次喷施间隔不低于10天，每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液；4-8月份期间，选择无雨的日子，每月喷施2次磷酸二氢钾溶液（质量分数为0.30%），每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液。
通过本方法进行叶面喷施的七叶一枝花，产量和质量都有明显提升，采收时，七叶一枝花根茎的产量比同等条件下不进行叶面喷施的产量高出14%，根茎中皂甙类化合物含量高出24%、黄酮类化合物含量高出22%，产量和质量的提升效果都十分显著。
上述实施例并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，任何熟悉本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围的情况下，都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰，或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均应落在本发明技术方案保护的范围内。

Claims (1)

1.一种提高七叶一枝花产量和质量的方法，其特征在于包括以下几个步骤：
（1）药剂的配制，称取一定量的水杨酸、赤霉素和香豆素，用水溶解，使溶解后的水溶液中水杨酸的浓度为20-50ppm，赤霉素的质量分数为0.01%-0.02%，香豆素的质量分数为0.02%-0.05%；
（2）药剂的喷施，3-9月份期间，将上述配好的溶液选择无雨的日子，往正在生长的七叶一枝花进行叶面喷施，在日出前或日落后进行喷施，每月喷施2-3次，每次喷施间隔不低于10天，每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液；4-8月份期间，选择无雨的日子，每月喷施2-3次磷酸二氢钾溶液（质量分数为0.30%），每次喷施剂量为使植株均匀沾有溶液。
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107926570A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-04-20 云南农业大学 一种利用干旱模拟剂提高三七抗性、产量和品质的方法
CN111543235A (zh) * 2020-05-11 2020-08-18 扬州大学 一种提高银杏叶片中总黄酮的方法
CN114287423A (zh) * 2022-01-13 2022-04-08 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 一种防治华重楼灰霉病的组合及其使用方法和应用
CN114287423B (zh) * 2022-01-13 2023-09-12 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 一种防治华重楼灰霉病的组合及其使用方法和应用
CN114982576A (zh) * 2022-07-18 2022-09-02 河南盛世中药产业研究院有限公司 一种延长根茎类中药材生长周期的栽种方法

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