CN106998196B - Multistage hybrid filter circuit and method for underground engineering parameter measurement signals - Google Patents
Multistage hybrid filter circuit and method for underground engineering parameter measurement signals Download PDFInfo
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- CN106998196B CN106998196B CN201710308618.8A CN201710308618A CN106998196B CN 106998196 B CN106998196 B CN 106998196B CN 201710308618 A CN201710308618 A CN 201710308618A CN 106998196 B CN106998196 B CN 106998196B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
- H03H7/01—Frequency selective two-port networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/68—Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
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Abstract
A multi-stage hybrid filter circuit and method for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals. The circuit comprises an underground measuring unit, a mixing filtering unit, a post-processing unit and a power management unit, wherein the underground measuring unit is connected with the post-processing unit through the mixing filtering unit, and the power management unit is respectively connected with the underground measuring unit, the mixing filtering unit and the post-processing unit. The multistage hybrid filter circuit and the method for the underground engineering parameter measurement signal provided by the invention have the advantages that the high frequency and large noise existing in the weak and small signal are filtered by the passive filter mode, the signal is amplified by a certain multiple, the second-order active filter network is adopted for accurate frequency band filtering, the denoising of the signal is realized by the passive-amplifying-active hybrid filter mode, the smooth proceeding of the later signal processing and analysis decision is ensured, and compared with the conventional filter mode, the precision, the accuracy and the anti-interference performance of underground measurement data are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling, and particularly relates to a multistage hybrid filter circuit and a multistage hybrid filter method for underground engineering parameter measurement signals.
Background
In the petroleum drilling field, the intelligent drilling tool is used for measuring and processing engineering parameters such as bottom hole pressure, annular pressure, drilling pressure, temperature, torque and the like in real time through an underground measuring unit and is used for analyzing underground working conditions, analyzing tool faults, optimizing drilling tool combinations and guiding normal drilling. Due to the impact vibration of the drill bit and the bottom of the well, the collision of the drill string and the well wall, various drilling fluid systems under the well, high temperature and high pressure environments, the acquired signals are small in amplitude and contain large noise and distortion, the problems of frame loss and unreadable exist in severe cases, the conventional passive or active filtering mode cannot ensure a good filtering effect, and difficulties are brought to later signal processing and analysis decision.
Therefore, a multi-stage mixed filter circuit and a method for underground engineering parameter measurement signals are researched, wherein a passive filter mode is used for filtering large noise signals existing in small signals, then the signals are amplified and then are precisely filtered by an active filter mode, and denoising of the signals is realized by the passive, amplifying and active mixed filter modes, so that smooth implementation of later signal processing and analysis decision is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multistage hybrid filter circuit and a multistage hybrid filter method for underground engineering parameter measurement signals, which are used for realizing the denoising processing of underground engineering parameter measurement data.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals, comprising: the device comprises an underground measurement unit, a hybrid filtering unit, a post-processing unit and a power management unit, wherein: the underground measuring unit is connected with the post-processing unit through the mixed filtering unit, and the power supply management unit is respectively connected with the underground measuring unit, the mixed filtering unit and the post-processing unit; the underground measuring unit is used for measuring engineering parameters including bottom hole pressure, annular pressure, drilling pressure, temperature and torque in real time, the mixed filtering unit 200 is used for filtering noise signals contained in measured data output by the underground measuring unit, the post-processing unit is used for carrying out subsequent processing on the filtered signals output by the mixed filtering unit, the post-processing unit comprises amplifying, analog/digital, digital/analog conversion and data analysis processing operations, and the power management unit is used for providing stable direct current electric energy for the whole circuit.
The hybrid filter unit comprises a passive filter circuit, a signal amplifying circuit and an active filter circuit, wherein: the passive filter circuit is connected with the active filter circuit through the signal amplifying circuit, the underground measuring unit is connected with the passive filter circuit, and the active filter circuit is connected with the post-processing unit; the passive filter circuit processes the measurement signal output by the underground measurement unit, roughly filters high-frequency and large-noise signals existing in the measurement signal, the signal amplification circuit is used for amplifying the filtered signal output by the passive filter circuit 2001 by a certain multiple so as to facilitate further filtering processing of the signal, and the active filter circuit is used for precisely filtering the amplified signal output by the signal amplification circuit and reserving useful frequency band information.
The passive filter circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, wherein the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1 form a first low-pass passive filter network, the third resistor R3 and the second capacitor C2 form a second low-pass passive filter network, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a positive signal end VIN+ of an output signal of the underground measurement unit 100, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the positive electrode of the first diode D1, the negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected with a negative signal end VIN-of an output signal of the underground measurement unit 100, the positive electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with the first diode D1 in parallel in an opposite direction, the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is connected with one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is simultaneously connected with one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the negative signal end of the underground measurement unit 100, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the negative signal end 2001 of the passive filter circuit, and the other end of the third resistor C3 is connected with the negative signal end of the passive filter circuit.
The signal amplifying circuit comprises a first operational amplifier U1 and peripheral circuits thereof, a second operational amplifier U2 and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the first operational amplifier U1 selects an instrument amplifier chip INA333, a positive signal input pin +IN of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with a positive signal output end of the passive filter circuit 2001, a negative signal input pin-IN of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with a negative signal output end of the passive filter circuit 2001, one end of a third capacitor C3 is connected with the negative signal input pin-IN of the first operational amplifier U1, the other end is grounded, a power supply positive pin V+ of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, a power supply negative pin V-of the first operational amplifier U1 is grounded, one end of a fourth capacitor C4 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the other end is grounded, one end of a fourth resistor R4 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply 3.3, the other end is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded, the pins R1 and R2 of the first operational amplifier U1 are used for setting amplification factors through external resistors, the amplification factors are respectively connected with two ends of a first adjustable resistor Rw, the REF end of the first operational amplifier U1 is a reference voltage input pin, the OUT pin of the first operational amplifier U1 is an output pin, the second operational amplifier U2 is an operational amplifier chip OPA333 of TI company and is designed into a follower structure and used for isolating power supply end interference, the power supply positive pin V+ of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the power supply negative pin V-of the second operational amplifier U2 is grounded, the input signal positive pin +IN of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the connecting end of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, the input signal negative pin-IN of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the OUT pin of the second operational amplifier U2 is an output pin, and is connected to the reference voltage input pin REF of the first operational amplifier U1.
The active filter circuit comprises a third operational amplifier U3 and peripheral circuits thereof, and a fourth operational amplifier U4 and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the third operational amplifier U3 and the fourth operational amplifier U4 are respectively ADA4896 operational amplifiers, and are respectively designed into second-order active filter networks, the input ports of the two operational amplifiers are respectively designed into differential signal input for improving the anti-interference performance of the input end, facilitating the later extraction and processing of small signals, the power positive pin +VS of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected with a DC 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the power negative pin-VS of the third operational amplifier U3 is grounded, one end of a fifth capacitor C5 is connected with the power positive pin +VS of the third operational amplifier U3, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, the signal positive input pin +IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected with one end of a sixth capacitor C6, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with one end of a sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the output pin OUT of the first operational amplifier U1, one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the signal negative electrode input pin IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with the signal positive electrode input pin +IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, the power positive pin +VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the negative power supply pin-VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is grounded, one end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected with the positive power supply pin +VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4, the other end of the tenth capacitor C10 is grounded, the signal positive input pin +IN1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the signal negative input pin-IN 1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4, one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the signal positive input pin +IN1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with the signal positive input pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4, one end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U2, the other end of the fourth resistor C8 and the signal positive input pin OUT1 of the fourth resistor R10 is connected with the fourth pin of the fourth operational amplifier U1, the signal positive input pin OUT1 is connected with the fourth pin of the fourth resistor U4, and the signal positive input pin OUT1 is connected with the fourth output pin of the fourth resistor 4 is connected with the fourth input pin 4.
The multistage hybrid filtering method for the underground engineering parameter measurement signal provided by the invention comprises the following steps in sequence:
a001: the underground measuring unit is used for measuring pressure, temperature, torque and other information near the position in real time.
a002: the passive filter circuit is used as a first-stage filter network, and a second-order passive low-pass filter mode is adopted to filter out high-frequency noise and interference existing in the measurement signal.
a003: the signal amplifying circuit amplifies the signal output by the passive filter circuit by a certain multiple so as to perform more accurate filter operation.
a004: the active filter circuit is used as a second-stage filter network, and a second-order active filter mode is adopted to carry out accurate filter operation on the amplified signals, so that useful frequency band information is reserved.
a005: the post-processing unit converts, interprets and stores the filtered signals, and executes corresponding operations according to control information contained in the signals.
The multistage hybrid filter circuit and the method for the underground engineering parameter measurement signal provided by the invention have the advantages that the high frequency and large noise existing in the weak and small signal are filtered by the passive filter mode, the signal is amplified by a certain multiple, the second-order active filter network is adopted for accurate frequency band filtering, the denoising of the signal is realized by the passive-amplifying-active hybrid filter mode, the smooth proceeding of the later signal processing and analysis decision is ensured, and compared with the conventional filter mode, the precision, the accuracy and the anti-interference performance of underground measurement data are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a multi-stage hybrid filtering method of the multi-stage hybrid filtering circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The multi-stage hybrid filter circuit and method for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals provided by the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals provided by the invention comprises:
a downhole measurement unit 100, a hybrid filter unit 200, a post-processing unit 300, a power management unit 400, wherein: the underground measuring unit 100 is connected with the post-processing unit 300 through the mixed filtering unit 200, and the power management unit 400 is respectively connected with the underground measuring unit 100, the mixed filtering unit 200 and the post-processing unit 300; the downhole measurement unit 100 is used for measuring engineering parameters such as bottom hole pressure, annular pressure, weight on bit, temperature, torque and the like in real time, the hybrid filter unit 200 is used for filtering noise signals contained in measurement data output by the downhole measurement unit 100, the post-processing unit 300 is used for performing subsequent processing on the filtered signals output by the hybrid filter unit 200, including operations such as amplification, analog/digital, digital/analog conversion, data analysis processing and the like, and the power management unit 400 is used for providing stable direct current electric energy for the whole circuit.
Further, the hybrid filter unit 200 includes a passive filter circuit 2001, a signal amplifying circuit 2002, and an active filter circuit 2003, wherein: the passive filter circuit 2001 is connected with the active filter circuit 2003 through the signal amplifying circuit 2002, the downhole measuring unit 100 is connected with the passive filter circuit 2001, and the active filter circuit 2003 is connected with the post-processing unit 300; the passive filter circuit 2001 processes the measurement signal output by the downhole measurement unit 100, and filters out the high-frequency and large-noise signal, the signal amplifying circuit 2002 is used for amplifying the filtered signal output by the passive filter circuit 2001 by a certain multiple so as to facilitate further filtering processing of the signal, and the active filter circuit 2003 is used for precisely filtering the amplified signal output by the signal amplifying circuit 2002 and retaining useful frequency band information.
As shown in fig. 2, the passive filter circuit 2001 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1, and a second capacitor C2, where the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1 form a first low-pass passive filter network, the third resistor R3 and the second capacitor C2 form a second low-pass passive filter network, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to a positive signal terminal vin+ of the output signal of the downhole measurement unit 100, the other end is connected to a positive electrode of the first diode D1, a negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to a negative signal terminal VIN of the output signal of the downhole measurement unit 100, the second diode D2 is connected in anti-parallel with the first diode D1, the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is simultaneously connected to one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to a negative signal terminal VIN of the output signal of the downhole measurement unit 100, the other end of the first capacitor C3 is connected to a negative signal terminal VIN of the passive filter circuit 2001, and the other end is connected to a negative signal terminal of the output signal of the passive filter circuit.
The signal amplifying circuit 2002 comprises a first operational amplifier U1 and its peripheral circuit, a second operational amplifier U2 and its peripheral circuit, wherein the first operational amplifier U1 selects an instrument amplifier chip INA333 of TI company, a positive signal input pin +in of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the positive signal output end of the passive filter circuit 2001, a negative signal input pin-IN of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to the negative signal output end of the passive filter circuit 2001, one end of a third capacitor C3 is connected to the negative signal input pin-IN of the first operational amplifier U1, the other end is grounded, a power positive pin v+ of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected to a dc 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, a power negative pin V-of the first operational amplifier U1 is grounded, one end of a fourth capacitor C4 is connected to the dc 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, and the other end is grounded, one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded, the pins R1 and R2 of the first operational amplifier U1 are used for setting amplification factors through external resistors, the amplification factors are respectively connected with two ends of a first adjustable resistor Rw, the REF end of the first operational amplifier U1 is a reference voltage input pin, the OUT pin of the first operational amplifier U1 is an output pin, the second operational amplifier U2 is an operational amplifier chip OPA333 of TI company and is designed into a follower structure for isolating power supply end interference, the power supply positive pin V+ of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the power supply negative pin V-of the second operational amplifier U2 is grounded, the input signal positive pin +IN of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the connecting end of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, the input signal negative pin-IN of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected to the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the OUT pin of the second operational amplifier U2 is an output pin, and is connected to the reference voltage input pin REF of the first operational amplifier U1.
The active filter circuit 2003 includes a third operational amplifier U3 and its peripheral circuit, and a fourth operational amplifier U4 and its peripheral circuit, where the third operational amplifier U3 and the fourth operational amplifier U4 are all ADA4896 operational amplifiers of AD company, and are designed as second-order active filter networks, the input ports of the two operational amplifiers are designed as differential signal inputs for improving the anti-interference performance of the input end, so as to facilitate the later extraction and processing of small signals, the positive power pin +vs of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected to the dc 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the negative power pin-VS of the third operational amplifier U3 is grounded, one end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected to the positive power pin +vs of the third operational amplifier U3, the other end is grounded, the positive signal input pin +in1 of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected to one end of the sixth capacitor C6, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with the output pin OUT of the first operational amplifier U1, one end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the seventh resistor R7, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the signal negative electrode input pin IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected with the signal positive electrode input pin +IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, the power positive pin +VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with the DC 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the negative power supply pin-VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is grounded, one end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected with the positive power supply pin +VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4, the other end of the tenth capacitor C10 is grounded, the signal positive input pin +IN1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the signal negative input pin-IN 1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4, one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the signal positive input pin +IN1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with the signal positive input pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4, one end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U2, the other end of the fourth resistor C8 and the signal positive input pin OUT1 of the fourth resistor R10 is connected with the fourth pin of the fourth operational amplifier U1, the signal positive input pin OUT1 is connected with the fourth pin of the fourth resistor U4, and the signal positive input pin OUT1 is connected with the fourth output pin of the fourth resistor 4 is connected with the fourth input pin 4.
The multistage hybrid filtering method for the underground engineering parameter measurement signal provided by the invention comprises the following steps in sequence:
a001: the downhole measurement unit 100 makes real-time measurements of pressure, temperature, torque, etc. information about the location.
a002: the passive filter circuit 2001 serves as a first-stage filter network, and filters out high-frequency noise and interference existing in the measurement signal by adopting a second-order passive low-pass filter mode.
a003: the signal amplification circuit 2002 amplifies the signal output from the passive filter circuit 2001 by a certain multiple so as to perform a more accurate filtering operation.
a004: the active filter circuit 2003 is used as a second-stage filter network, and performs accurate filtering operation on the amplified signal by adopting a second-order active filter mode, so as to retain useful frequency band information.
a005: the post-processing unit 300 converts, interprets, and stores the filtered signal, and performs a corresponding operation according to control information included in the signal.
The data measured by the underground measurement unit 100 are firstly sent to the passive filter circuit 2001 in the hybrid filter unit 200 for rough processing, high frequency and large noise are filtered, then the filtered signals are amplified by the signal amplifying circuit 2002, and then the two groups of second-order active filter networks in the active filter circuit 2003 are accurately filtered to obtain signals which can be processed and identified by the later processing unit 300 and are used for analysis, judgment and tool diagnosis of underground working conditions, so that drilling is guided.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals, characterized by: the multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals includes: a downhole measurement unit (100), a hybrid filter unit (200), a post-processing unit (300), a power management unit (400), wherein: the underground measuring unit (100) is connected with the post-processing unit (300) through the mixed filtering unit (200), and the power management unit (400) is respectively connected with the underground measuring unit (100), the mixed filtering unit (200) and the post-processing unit (300); the downhole measuring unit (100) is used for measuring engineering parameters including bottom hole pressure, annular pressure, bit pressure, temperature and torque in real time, the hybrid filtering unit (200) is used for filtering noise signals contained in measured data output by the downhole measuring unit (100), the post-processing unit (300) is used for carrying out subsequent processing on the filtered signals output by the hybrid filtering unit (200) and comprises amplifying, analog/digital, digital/analog conversion and data analysis processing operations, and the power management unit (400) is used for providing stable direct current electric energy for the whole circuit;
the hybrid filter unit (200) includes a passive filter circuit (2001), a signal amplifying circuit (2002), and an active filter circuit (2003), wherein: the passive filter circuit (2001) is connected with the active filter circuit (2003) through the signal amplifying circuit (2002), the underground measuring unit (100) is connected with the passive filter circuit (2001), and the active filter circuit (2003) is connected with the post-processing unit (300); the passive filter circuit (2001) is used for processing the measurement signal output by the underground measurement unit (100), filtering out high-frequency and large-noise signals existing in the measurement signal roughly, the signal amplification circuit (2002) is used for amplifying the filtered signal output by the passive filter circuit (2001) by a certain multiple so as to facilitate further filtering processing of the signal, and the active filter circuit (2003) is used for accurately filtering the amplified signal output by the signal amplification circuit (2002) and reserving useful frequency band information;
the passive filter circuit (2001) comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, wherein the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1 form a first low-pass passive filter network, the third resistor R3 and the second capacitor C2 form a second low-pass passive filter network, one end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a positive signal end VIN+ of an output signal of the underground measurement unit (100), the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected with a positive electrode of the first diode D1, a negative electrode of the first diode D1 is connected with a negative signal end VIN-of the output signal of the underground measurement unit (100), the positive electrode of the second diode D2 is connected with the first diode D1 in anti-parallel, the positive electrode of the first diode D1 is connected with one end of the second resistor R2, the other end of the second resistor R2 is simultaneously connected with one end of the first capacitor C1 and one end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the negative signal end of the underground measurement unit (100), the other end of the first resistor C3 is connected with the negative signal end of the output signal of the underground measurement unit (100), and the negative signal of the passive filter circuit (2001) is connected with the negative signal end of the negative signal of the underground measurement unit (100).
2. The multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals of claim 1, wherein: the signal amplifying circuit (2002) comprises a first operational amplifier U1 and peripheral circuits thereof, a second operational amplifier U2 and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the first operational amplifier U1 selects an instrument amplifier chip INA333, a positive signal input pin +IN of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with a positive signal output end of the passive filter circuit (2001), a negative signal input pin-IN of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with a negative signal output end of the passive filter circuit (2001), one end of a third capacitor C3 is connected with the negative signal input pin-IN of the first operational amplifier U1, the other end of the third capacitor C3 is grounded, a power positive pin V+ of the first operational amplifier U1 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, a power negative pin V-of the first operational amplifier U1 is grounded, one end of a fourth capacitor C4 is connected with the direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is grounded, one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected with one end of a fifth resistor R5, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is grounded, the pins R1 and R2 of the first operational amplifier U1 are used for setting amplification factors through external resistors, the amplification factors are respectively connected with two ends of a first adjustable resistor Rw, the REF end of the first operational amplifier U1 is a reference voltage input pin, the OUT pin of the first operational amplifier U1 is an output pin, the second operational amplifier U2 is an operational amplifier chip OPA333 which is designed as a follower structure and used for isolating power supply end interference, the power supply positive pin V+ of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the power supply negative pin V-of the second operational amplifier U2 is grounded, the positive electrode pin +IN of the input signal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the connection end of the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, the negative electrode pin-IN of the input signal of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the OUT pin of the second operational amplifier U2 is an output pin, and the OUT pin of the second operational amplifier U2 is connected with the reference voltage input pin REF of the first operational amplifier U1.
3. The multi-stage hybrid filter circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals of claim 1, wherein: the active filter circuit (2003) comprises a third operational amplifier U3 and peripheral circuits thereof, and a fourth operational amplifier U4 and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the third operational amplifier U3 and the fourth operational amplifier U4 are respectively ADA4896 operational amplifiers, and are respectively designed into a second-order active filter network, the input ports of the two operational amplifiers are respectively designed into differential signal input for improving the anti-interference performance of the input end, so as to facilitate the later extraction and processing of small signals, the power positive pin +VS of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the power negative pin-VS of the third operational amplifier U3 is grounded, one end of a fifth capacitor C5 is connected with the power positive pin +VS of the third operational amplifier U3, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 is grounded, the signal positive input pin +IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3 is connected with one end of a sixth capacitor C6, the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected with one end of a sixth resistor R6, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected with an output pin OUT of a first operational amplifier U1, one end of a seventh capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the sixth resistor R6, the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected with one end of a seventh resistor R7, one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with an output pin OUT of a second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with a signal negative electrode input pin IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of an eighth resistor R8 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected with an output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of a ninth resistor R9 is connected with a signal positive electrode input pin +IN1 of the third operational amplifier U3, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected with an output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, a power positive pin +VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with a direct current 3.3V power supply VDD3.3, the negative power supply pin-VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is grounded, one end of the tenth capacitor C10 is connected with the positive power supply pin +VS of the fourth operational amplifier U4, the other end of the tenth capacitor C10 is grounded, the positive signal input pin +IN1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected with one end of the tenth resistor R10, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the third operational amplifier U3, one end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the output pin OUT of the second operational amplifier U2, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4, one end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U2, the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4, the other end of the thirteenth capacitor C9 is connected with the output pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4, the signal input pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4 is connected with the other end of the fourth resistor U1, and the signal input pin OUT1 of the fourth resistor R12 is connected with the fourth input pin OUT1 of the fourth operational amplifier U4.
4. A multi-stage hybrid filtering method using the multi-stage hybrid filtering circuit for downhole engineering parameter measurement signals of claim 1, wherein: the multistage hybrid filtering method comprises the following steps in sequence:
a001: the underground measuring unit (100) is used for measuring pressure, temperature, torque and other information near the position in real time;
a002: a passive filter circuit (2001) is used as a first-stage filter network, and a second-order passive low-pass filter mode is adopted to filter out high-frequency noise and interference existing in a measurement signal;
a003: the signal amplifying circuit (2002) amplifies the signal output from the passive filter circuit 2001 by a certain multiple so as to perform more accurate filtering operation;
a004: an active filter circuit (2003) is used as a second-stage filter network, a second-order active filter mode is adopted to carry out accurate filter operation on the amplified signals, and useful frequency band information is reserved;
a005: the post-processing unit (300) converts, interprets and stores the filtered signal, and executes corresponding operations according to control information contained in the signal.
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