CN106997811B - A kind of method that electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten contact - Google Patents
A kind of method that electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten contact Download PDFInfo
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- CN106997811B CN106997811B CN201710182367.3A CN201710182367A CN106997811B CN 106997811 B CN106997811 B CN 106997811B CN 201710182367 A CN201710182367 A CN 201710182367A CN 106997811 B CN106997811 B CN 106997811B
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- electron beam
- copper
- infiltration
- copper wire
- tungsten contact
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D23/00—Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D1/00 - B22D21/00
- B22D23/04—Casting by dipping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods that electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten contact, and comprise the following sequential steps: s1. produces contact material；S2. Heat-Source Parameters are arranged according to electron beam fuse equipment；S3. preheating tungsten base is defocused using electron-beam sustainer in graphite boat；S4. adjustment electron beam and copper wire orientation relationship, and by the reciprocation between high-speed motion electron beam and copper wire, it generates energy and converts molten metal copper wire；S5. with constant speed mobile working platform；S6. return step s4, until infiltration process terminates.Present invention has an advantage that electron beam infiltration method is especially suitable for small lot, mass fraction matches different copper-tungsten preparations, manufacturing process only needs to calculate the copper wire length for meeting mass fraction requirement；The vacuum environment that electron beam device has is suitble to the preparation of copper alloy, can avoid aoxidizing to greatest extent, improves infiltration effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to contact material field more particularly to a kind of methods that electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten contact.
Background technique
Electrical contact is contact element important in high-voltage switch gear and breaker, applies more mature high-voltage electric contact material at present
Material is Cu tailings.Copper tungsten contact material is extensive due to good resistance to arc erosion, resistance fusion welding and high intensity
Applied to various high-voltage switch gears and breaker.Copper tungsten contact material traditional preparation methods are powder metallurgic method and infiltration method: 1. powder
Last metallurgy method: a certain amount of tungsten powder and copper powder are mixed and formed with compacting sintering after powder；2. infiltration method: tungsten powder is suppressed in a mold
It sinters the W skeleton base with certain porosity into, it is stacked with leaching copper sheet and is placed in vacuum or atmosphere protection environment, is added
Heat arrives the above certain temperature of copper fusing point, and liquid copper is immersed in W skeleton hole by capillarity, and it is whole to finally obtain copper tungsten
Body infiltration material.
But both the above process has a respective drawback: the electric conductivity of the contact material of powder metallurgic method preparation and thermally conductive
Property, mechanical performance are poor compared with infiltration method.And infiltration method is as now widely used contact material preparation method, production process needs
The auxiliary processes such as mold manufacture, blank sintering, whole infiltration, therefore the production cycle is longer, is suitble to the production of high-volume part.It is right
Short product is required in small lot, Lead Time, this method is obviously also not suitable for.
The technology using electron beam as heat source is mainly used for welding at present, object is mutually deposited, drilled, increases the fields such as material molding,
It there is no application in infiltration field.Electron beam infiltration be using high-energy density electronic beam current as heat source and metal wire material reciprocation,
It is immersed in green body after melting metal wire material, to realize infiltration process.
The patent of invention of Publication No. CN101279365A discloses a kind of copper tungsten electrical contact material of highly resistance arc erosion
Preparation method.This method sequentially includes the following steps: weighs copper powder, tungsten powder and rare earth simple substance in proportion first, then by 20
~40% copper powder, tungsten powder and rare earth simple substance, which is placed in high energy ball mill, carries out mechanical alloying；Again by remaining copper powder, tungsten
Powder and the nickel powder and ethyl alcohol of addition carry out common mechanical mixture；Compression moulding in a mold；Green compact is finally packed into high temperature dwell
It can be obtained in shield atmosphere sintering furnace using infiltration technique sinter molding.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten
The method of contact, which is characterized in that comprise the following sequential steps:
S1. contact material is produced；
S2. Heat-Source Parameters are arranged according to electron beam fuse equipment；
S3. preheating tungsten base is defocused using electron-beam sustainer in graphite boat；
S4. adjustment electron beam and copper wire orientation relationship, and pass through the reciprocation between high-speed motion electron beam and copper wire,
It generates energy and converts molten metal copper wire；
S5. with constant speed mobile working platform；
S6. return step s4, until infiltration process terminates.
Further, step s1 the following steps are included:
S11. the mass fraction of copper is set；
S12. according to copper tungsten contact diameter, copper tungsten contact height, copper tungsten contact density, copper wire density and gage of wire meter
Calculating meets copper wire length required for Copper mass fraction requirement in sample.
Further, the Heat-Source Parameters in step s2 include beam parameters, focusing current parameters and velocity vector
Parameter, wherein the velocity vector parameter further includes wire feed rate and working table movement speed.
Further, step s2 also needs to be arranged the infiltration time, i.e., the melting of copper wire is completed within the infiltration time of setting
Process.
Further, in step s3, electron-beam sustainer defocuses preheating tungsten base to 1400 DEG C of ± 50 DEG C of temperature.
Further, in step s4, adjustment electron beam and copper wire orientation relationship guarantee that beam energy concentrates on copper wire point
End.
Further, above-mentioned steps are operated under vacuum conditions, and vacuum degree is less than 10-2Pa。
It include workbench, institute in the vacuum chamber in addition, also disclosing a kind of electron beam fuse equipment, including vacuum chamber
It states and is provided with graphite boat on workbench, tungsten base is equipped in the graphite boat, is additionally provided with electron gun, the electricity above the vacuum chamber
Sub- rifle is additionally provided with the wire feeding disc of winding copper wire with launching electronics beam, the vacuum chamber for generating outside.
Further, the outer connected control system of the electron beam fuse equipment and high voltage power supply.
Compared with prior art, time saving same present invention has an advantage that 1. without tungsten powder and copper powder mixing process
When avoid the element metallurgy as caused by high speed mixing；2. electron beam infiltration method is especially suitable for small lot, mass fraction is matched
It is prepared than different copper-tungstens, manufacturing process only needs to calculate the copper wire length for meeting mass fraction requirement；3. electron beam device
The vacuum environment being had is suitble to the preparation of copper alloy, can avoid aoxidizing to greatest extent, improves infiltration effect.And vacuum environment
Middle metal liquid angle of wetting is relatively small, more conducively infiltration.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the step flow chart for the method that electron beam infiltration of the present invention prepares copper tungsten contact；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of electron beam fuse equipment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 2, various embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail.
In fig. 1, a kind of method that electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten contact, comprises the following sequential steps:
Step 1: producing W-A (wt%) Cu contact material.Firstly the need of the mass fraction of setting copper, by the quality of copper point
It is several to be indicated with A, and according to copper tungsten contact diameter, copper tungsten contact height, copper tungsten contact density, copper wire density and gage of wire meter
Calculating meets copper wire length required for Copper mass fraction requirement in sample.We by copper tungsten contact diameter, copper tungsten contact height,
Copper tungsten contact density, copper wire density, gage of wire and copper wire length are indicated with d, H, ρ 2, ρ 1, Ф and L respectively.Last root
According to formula:
Calculate copper wire length.In practical operation, the density parameter of copper tungsten contact can be obtained according to existing infiltration method.
Further, the contact material includes contact part and conductive bar part, and tungsten of the contact part along head to tail portion contains
Amount successively reduces.In this embodiment, the W content on contact part head can be set as 85%wt~95%wt, tail portion
W content be 50%wt~60%wt.
Step 2: Heat-Source Parameters are arranged according to electron beam fuse equipment；Heat-Source Parameters in step s2 include beam parameters,
Focusing current parameters and velocity vector parameter, velocity vector parameter further include wire feed rate and working table movement speed.Wherein,
Wire feed rate is indicated with Vf.Meanwhile also needing that the infiltration time is arranged in step s2, the infiltration time indicates that the infiltration time can with T
To be calculated by copper wire length and wire feed time, i.e., the melting process of copper wire is completed within the infiltration time of setting.Entirely
Infiltration process is time saving while avoiding the metallurgy of the element as caused by high speed mixing without tungsten powder and copper powder mixing process
Change.Circular are as follows:
Step 3: defocusing preheating tungsten base using electron-beam sustainer in graphite boat, electron-beam sustainer defocuses preheating tungsten base extremely
1400 DEG C of ± 50 DEG C of temperature.Specifically, it is necessary first to which the tungsten base with certain interval degree sinter molding is placed in graphite boat.
The clearence degree control of tungsten base is more appropriate in the range of 37%-40%, the pressure of tungsten base can therewith clearence degree increase and subtract
It is small.
Step 4: adjustment electron beam and copper wire orientation relationship, guarantee that beam energy concentrates on copper wire tip, and pass through height
Reciprocation between fast moving electron beam and copper wire generates energy and converts molten metal copper wire, and copper wire is after melting with big
Particle molten drop form enters tungsten base, and metal drop is penetrated by capillary force in the gap of W skeleton.
Step 5: with constant speed mobile working platform, constant speed is indicated with Vs；
Step 6: electron beam and copper wire orientation relationship can be adjusted in operation repeatedly before infiltration process finishes, guarantee electricity
Beamlet energy concentrates on copper wire tip, and by the reciprocation between high-speed motion electron beam and copper wire, generates energy conversion
Molten metal copper wire, until infiltration process terminates.
Above-mentioned steps are operated under vacuum conditions, and vacuum degree is less than 10-2Pa.This is because metal in vacuum environment
Liquid angle of wetting is relatively small, more conducively infiltration.
Concrete technology flow process is as follows: first in the whole process flow, it is held in the environment of vacuum and operated, copper
Silk enters tungsten base after melting in the form of bulky grain molten drop, and metal drop penetrates into the gap of W skeleton by capillary force
In, and by the lasting focusing of electron beam, copper-tungsten is formed, obtained copper-tungsten passes through electron beam together with copper wire again
It is lasting to focus, infiltration process is completed, finally persistently defocusing by electron beam, modifies alloy surface.
Further referring to attached drawing 2, in addition, also disclosing a kind of electron beam fuse equipment, including vacuum chamber 1, vacuum chamber 1
Interior includes workbench 2, and graphite boat 3 is provided on workbench 2, tungsten base 4 is equipped in graphite boat 3, is additionally provided with electronics above vacuum chamber 1
Rifle 5, electron gun 5 are additionally provided with the wire feeding disc 6 of winding copper wire with launching electronics beam, vacuum chamber 1 for generating outside.Electron beam fuse dress
The preparation that had vacuum environment is suitble to copper alloy is set, can avoid aoxidizing to greatest extent, improves infiltration effect.
Further, the outer connected control system 7 of electron beam fuse equipment and high voltage power supply 8.
Above content, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit embodiment of the present invention, and this field is general
Logical technical staff's central scope according to the present invention and spirit can very easily carry out corresponding flexible or modification, therefore originally
The protection scope of invention should be subject to protection scope required by claims.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method that electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten contact, which is characterized in that comprise the following sequential steps:
S1. contact material is produced；
S2. Heat-Source Parameters are arranged according to electron beam fuse equipment；
S3. preheating tungsten base is defocused using electron-beam sustainer in graphite boat；
S4. adjustment electron beam and copper wire orientation relationship, and by the reciprocation between high-speed motion electron beam and copper wire, it generates
Energy converts molten metal copper wire；
S5. with constant speed mobile working platform；
S6. return step s4, until infiltration process terminates.
2. the method that electron beam infiltration as described in claim 1 prepares copper tungsten contact, which is characterized in that step s1 includes following
Step:
S11. the mass fraction of copper is set；
S12. it is calculated according to copper tungsten contact diameter, copper tungsten contact height, copper tungsten contact density, copper wire density and gage of wire
Meet copper wire length required for Copper mass fraction requirement in sample.
3. the method that electron beam infiltration as described in claim 1 prepares copper tungsten contact, which is characterized in that described in step s2
Heat-Source Parameters include beam parameters, focusing current parameters and velocity vector parameter, wherein the velocity vector parameter further includes
Wire feed rate and working table movement speed.
4. the method that electron beam infiltration as described in claim 1 prepares copper tungsten contact, which is characterized in that step s2 also needs to set
It sets the infiltration time, i.e., completes the melting process of copper wire within the infiltration time of setting.
5. the method that electron beam infiltration as described in claim 1 prepares copper tungsten contact, which is characterized in that in step s3, electronics
Shu Chixu defocuses preheating tungsten base to 1400 DEG C of ± 50 DEG C of temperature.
6. the method that electron beam infiltration as described in claim 1 prepares copper tungsten contact, which is characterized in that in step s4, adjustment
Electron beam and copper wire orientation relationship, guarantee that beam energy concentrates on copper wire tip.
7. the electron beam infiltration as described in claim 1~6 is prepared as described in any one of method of copper tungsten contact, above-mentioned steps
It is operated under vacuum conditions, vacuum degree is less than 10-2Pa。
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| CN201710182367.3A CN106997811B (en) | 2017-03-24 | 2017-03-24 | A kind of method that electron beam infiltration prepares copper tungsten contact |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107622899B (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of copper chromium composite contact mass production Preparation equipment and method |
| CN111508734B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2022-02-08 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for producing copper-tungsten contact by electron beam infiltration |
| CN114628179B (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2023-09-29 | 西安西电开关电气有限公司 | Copper-tungsten alloy and copper alloy connecting method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102800420A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-11-28 | 河南新丰新材料有限公司 | Method for manufacturing copper-tungsten contact |
| CN105750548A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-07-13 | 西安智熔金属打印系统有限公司 | Electron beam metal jet additive manufacturing apparatus and electron beam metal spray additive manufacturing method |
| CN106424732A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-02-22 | 西安智熔金属打印系统有限公司 | Electron beam additive manufacturing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2009080936A (en) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-04-16 | Katsuhiko Senda | Method to manufacture heating coil for high-frequency hardening in which required shape is integrally shaped out and joining of auxiliary component is executed by electron beam welding |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102800420A (en) * | 2011-05-25 | 2012-11-28 | 河南新丰新材料有限公司 | Method for manufacturing copper-tungsten contact |
| CN105750548A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-07-13 | 西安智熔金属打印系统有限公司 | Electron beam metal jet additive manufacturing apparatus and electron beam metal spray additive manufacturing method |
| CN106424732A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-02-22 | 西安智熔金属打印系统有限公司 | Electron beam additive manufacturing device |
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Denomination of invention: Method for preparing copper-tungsten contact through electron beam infiltration Effective date of registration: 20191213 Granted publication date: 20190305 Pledgee: Quzhou Kecheng District State owned Assets Management Co., Ltd Pledgor: XI'AN ZHIRONG METAL PRINTING SYSTEM CO., LTD. Registration number: Y2019330000312 |
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