CN106995718B - Treatment method of oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device - Google Patents
Treatment method of oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106995718B CN106995718B CN201710438226.3A CN201710438226A CN106995718B CN 106995718 B CN106995718 B CN 106995718B CN 201710438226 A CN201710438226 A CN 201710438226A CN 106995718 B CN106995718 B CN 106995718B
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
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Abstract
A treatment method of an oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection. The method is characterized in that: the treatment device comprises a separator and a conveying unit, a feed inlet of the conveying unit is communicated with a drain outlet (2) of a settling tank (1), a discharge outlet of the conveying unit is communicated with a feed inlet of the separator, a mixed liquid outlet of the separator is communicated with a feed inlet of the settling tank (1), a sludge outlet is further arranged on the separator, the conveying unit conveys sludge at the bottom of the settling tank (1) to the separator, the sludge is cleaned and separated in the separator, the separated oil-water mixed liquid is sent into the settling tank (1) again through the mixed liquid outlet, and the separated mud-water mixture is discharged from the sludge outlet. The online treatment device for sludge discharged from the bottom of the oil field settling tank avoids large oil and water losses and reduces the generation of dirty oil sludge; the oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment method is simple in treatment process and convenient to operate, and the crude oil recovery rate can reach more than 90-98%.
Description
Technical Field
A treatment method of an oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection.
Background
In the long-time use process of the oil field settling tank (comprising a crude oil dehydration settling tank and a sewage settling tank), mechanical impurities such as sand, soil, suspended matters and the like and other heavy oil components naturally settle under the action of gravity and gradually accumulate at the bottom of the tank body to form tank bottom mud. The part of sludge is in a flocculent state and has strong fluidity. Tank bottom mud is little to whole settling cask operation influence in the short time, but along with production time's extension, tank bottom mud can deposit in a large amount at the tank bottoms, seriously influences settling cask production operation, therefore the settling cask must regularly carry out row mud and handle.
The treatment mode of the bottom mud of the settling tank is generally two modes of manual periodical cleaning or on-line continuous mud discharge. The method has the advantages that manual cleaning is only relied on, on one hand, the treatment difficulty is high, the cleaning cost is high, on the other hand, frequent shutdown is needed, the operation period of the settling tank is seriously influenced, and further the oil field production is influenced. Therefore, the oil field is commonly cleaned by combining online continuous sludge discharge and periodic manual cleaning at present.
The sludge discharged by the settling tank on-line continuous sludge discharge is actually a mixture of oil, water and silt, wherein the content of the silt is only 1-5% V/V. At present, the waste water is generally directly discharged to a sludge tank for sedimentation treatment, the treatment cost is high, the difficulty is high, the secondary pollution is serious, and a large amount of oil and water loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the treatment method of the oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device can realize oil removal and pre-dehydration treatment and avoid oil-water loss.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: this oil field settling cask tank bottoms row mud on-line processing apparatus, its characterized in that: including separator and conveying unit, conveying unit's feed inlet and the drain of settling cask intercommunication, conveying unit's discharge gate and separator's feed inlet intercommunication, the mixed liquid export of separator and the feed inlet intercommunication of settling cask, still be equipped with the sludge outlet on the separator, conveying unit carries the mud of settling cask bottom to the separator in, mud washs and separates in the separator, the mixed liquid export of oil water after the separation is sent into the settling cask once more through mixed liquid, the mud-water mixture after the separation is discharged by the sludge outlet.
Preferably, the separator comprises an oil-water separator and a mud-water separator, the discharge port of the conveying unit is communicated with the feed port of the oil-water separator, the mixed liquid outlet of the oil-water separator is communicated with the feed port of the settling tank, the sludge outlet of the oil-water separator is communicated with the feed port of the mud-water separator, and the separated sludge is discharged from the sludge outlet of the mud-water separator.
Preferably, the oil-water separator and the mud-water separator are both cyclone separators.
Preferably, the separator comprises an oil-water separator, a discharge hole of the conveying unit is communicated with a feed inlet of the oil-water separator, a mixed liquid outlet of the oil-water separator is communicated with a feed inlet of the settling tank, and a sludge outlet is formed in the lower part of the oil-water separator.
Preferably, the oil-water separator is a cyclone separator.
Preferably, the middle upper part of the separator is also provided with a sewage outlet.
Preferably, a valve is arranged between the sewage draining outlet and the conveying unit.
Preferably, the conveying unit is a booster pump.
The treatment method of the oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), pressurizing a mixture containing crude oil, water and silt in a settling tank to 0.2-0.8 MPa by a conveying unit at the temperature of 30-95 ℃, and conveying the mixture into a separator;
separating oil, water and sand from the mixture in a separator, and cleaning oil-containing silt to obtain a silt-free crude oil with low water content and a silt-water mixture with low oil content;
and (3) reversely conveying the separated low-water-content crude oil without the silt back to the settling tank again for settling dehydration treatment, and discharging the separated low-oil-content sand-water mixture water-containing sludge to a sludge treatment tank.
Preferably, the mixture in the step (2) is subjected to oil-water separation in a separator and then subjected to sludge-water separation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this oil field settling cask tank bottoms row mud on-line processing apparatus's conveying unit carries the mixture that contains oil, water, silt particle to the separator in, and separate in the separator, the oil water mixture after the separation enters into the settling cask once more, thereby can retrieve the crude oil in the mud, avoid causing a large amount of oil, the water loss, water in the outer silt particle of having reduced, oil content, the production of dirty oil mud has been reduced, follow-up sludge treatment cost has been saved, secondary treatment pollution has been reduced, and on-line clearance has been realized, therefore, the steam generator is simple in operation, and it is convenient to handle, can not influence the production in oil field.
2. The oil-water separator and the mud-water separator are used for respectively carrying out oil-water separation and mud-water separation on the mixture, so that separated sewage is discharged to a sewage treatment plant for sewage treatment, the sludge is discharged to a sludge treatment tank for treatment, the treatment is convenient, the subsequent treatment cost is greatly reduced, and the loss of a large amount of water is avoided.
3. The oil-water separator and the mud-water separator are both cyclone separators, and the oil attached to the surface of the silt is cleaned by utilizing a strong turbulence flow field in the cyclone separators and the existence of a large amount of water, so that the loss of crude oil is avoided, and the secondary treatment pollution is reduced.
4. The upper-middle part of the separator is provided with a sewage outlet, so that separated sewage can be discharged, and water loss is avoided.
5. The booster pump can be used for conveying the mixture after the mixture is pressurized to the separator, so that the separated crude oil and sewage can be conveniently conveyed.
6. The treatment method of the oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device realizes online treatment of sludge, has the advantages of simple treatment process, convenient operation and no influence on oil field production, has the crude oil recovery rate of more than 90-98 percent, reduces the generation of sludge oil, saves the subsequent sludge treatment cost and reduces secondary treatment pollution.
7. The recovery of crude oil is realized through oil-water separation, the mud-water separation is carried out through mud-water separation, the external discharge capacity of sewage is reduced, and the recovery rate of the external discharge water is over 85 percent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online treatment device for sludge discharged from the bottom of a settling tank of an oil field.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an online sludge treatment device at the bottom of a field settling tank in example 2.
In the figure: 1. a settling tank 2, a sewage draining outlet 3, a valve 4, a booster pump 5, an oil-water separator 6 and a mud-water separator.
Detailed Description
FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is further described below with reference to FIGS. 1-2.
The utility model provides an oil field settling cask tank bottoms row mud on-line processing apparatus, including separator and conveying unit, conveying unit's feed inlet and 2 intercommunications of drain of settling cask 1, conveying unit's discharge gate and separator's feed inlet intercommunication, the mixed liquid export of separator and settling cask 1's feed inlet intercommunication, still be equipped with the sludge outlet on the separator, conveying unit carries the mud of settling cask 1 bottom to the separator in, mud washs and separates in the separator, the mixed liquid of oil water after the separation is sent into settling cask 1 once more through mixed liquid export, the mud-water mixture after the separation is discharged by the sludge outlet. This oil field settling cask tank bottoms row mud on-line processing apparatus's conveying unit carries the mixture that contains oil, water, silt particle to the separator in, and separate in the separator, the oil water mixture after the separation enters into settling cask 1 once more, thereby can retrieve the crude oil in the mud, avoid causing a large amount of oil, the water loss, water in the silt particle of having reduced outer row, oil content, the production of dirty oil mud has been reduced, follow-up sludge treatment expense has been saved, secondary treatment pollution has been reduced, and on-line clearance has been realized, and the operation is thus simple, and the processing is convenient, can not influence the production in oil field.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1: the separator comprises an oil-water separator 5 and a mud-water separator 6, the mud-water separator 6 is arranged on the left side of the settling tank 1, the oil-water separator 5 is arranged between the mud-water separator 6 and the settling tank 1, and the sewage outlet 2 of the settling tank 1 is arranged at the bottom of the settling tank 1.
The conveying unit is a booster pump 4, a feed inlet of the booster pump 4 is communicated with the drain outlet 2, a discharge outlet of the booster pump 4 is communicated with a feed inlet of the oil-water separator 5, and the booster pump 4 extracts a mixture of oil, water and sand at the bottom of the settling tank 1 and conveys the mixture into the oil-water separator 5 after being pressurized, so that the conveying of subsequent separators is facilitated. A valve 3 is arranged between the booster pump 4 and the sewage draining exit 2.
The mixed liquid outlet of the oil-water separator 5 is communicated with the upper part of the settling tank 1, and under the action of pressure, the oil-water mixed liquid after oil-water separation is conveyed into the settling tank 1 again, so that the crude oil is recovered, the problem of oil loss is avoided, the crude oil carried in the discharged sludge is recovered on site, the recovery rate of the crude oil can reach more than 90-98%, the production of dirty oil sludge is reduced, the subsequent sludge treatment cost is saved, and the secondary treatment pollution is reduced.
The sludge outlet of the oil-water separator 5 is communicated with the feed inlet of the mud-water separator 6, and the separated mud-water mixture is fed into the mud-water separator 6. The upper part of the mud-water separator 6 is provided with a sewage outlet, the lower part of the mud-water separator 6 is provided with a sludge outlet, the mud-water separator 6 separates mud and water, the separated sewage is discharged from the sewage outlet at the upper part and is conveyed to a sewage treatment plant for sewage treatment, the separated sludge is discharged from the sludge outlet at the lower part and is conveyed to a sludge treatment tank for treatment, mud-water separation is carried out, the external discharge capacity of the sewage is reduced, the recovery rate of the external discharge water reaches more than 85%, and the problem of large water loss is avoided.
In this embodiment, the mud-water separator 6 and the oil-water separator 5 are both cyclone separators, and the oil attached to the surface of the sand is cleaned by using the strong turbulent flow field in the cyclone separators and the existence of a large amount of water, so that the recovery of crude oil can be realized, the generation of oil sludge can be avoided, the generation of oil sludge is reduced, the subsequent sludge treatment cost is saved, and the secondary treatment pollution is reduced.
A treatment method of an online treatment device for sludge discharged from the bottom of an oil field settling tank comprises the following steps:
step (1), pressurizing a mixture containing crude oil, water and silt in a settling tank 1 to 0.2-0.8 MPa by a conveying unit at the temperature of 30-95 ℃, and conveying the mixture to a separator;
under the condition of 30-95 ℃, a mixture containing crude oil, water and silt at the bottom of the settling tank 1 is extracted by a booster pump 4, pressurized in the booster pump 4 and then conveyed into an oil-water separator 5.
Separating oil, water and sand from the mixture in a separator, and cleaning oil-containing silt to obtain a silt-free crude oil with low water content and a silt-water mixture with low oil content;
the mixture enters an oil-water separator 5, the oil on the surface of the silt in the oil-water separator 5 is cleaned, and simultaneously oil-water separation is realized, so that two material flows of low-water-content crude oil without silt and a low-oil-content sand-water mixture are obtained. The separated sand-water mixture with low oil content is conveyed into the mud-water separator 6 under the pressure action, the sand-water mixture with low oil content enters the mud-water separator 6 to clean the oil on the surface of the silt again, and the sewage and the sludge are separated.
And (3) reversely conveying the separated low-water-content crude oil without the silt back to the settling tank 1 again for settling dehydration treatment, and discharging the separated low-oil-content silt-water mixture water-containing sludge into a sludge treatment tank.
The separated low-water-content crude oil without the silt enters the settling tank 1 again through the mixed liquid outlet under the pressure action, thereby realizing the recovery of the crude oil. The separated sewage is discharged through the sewage outlet of the mud-water separator 6 under the pressure effect and is conveyed to a sewage treatment plant for treatment, and the separated sand-water mixture with low oil content is discharged through the sludge outlet of the mud-water separator 6 under the pressure effect and is conveyed to a sludge treatment tank for treatment, so that the subsequent treatment of the sludge and the sewage is facilitated, the treatment cost is reduced, and the loss of a large amount of oil and water is avoided.
The tank bottom sludge contains a mixture of oil, water and silt, wherein 98% of the mixture is oil-water mixture, 1-2% of the mixture is silt, the existing tank bottom sludge discharge usually adopts a method of directly removing sludge from a sludge pond for sedimentation and insolation, after sedimentation and insolation for multiple days, the upper dirty oil is recovered, and the lower sludge is subjected to flocculation-centrifugal dehydration or flocculation-filter pressing dehydration to form sludge with high oil content, wherein 40-70% of the sludge with high oil content is oil. The method for treating the tank bottom mud has the following defects: 1. the sedimentation time is long, a large sludge pool is needed, the environmental pollution is great, and the environmental protection problem exists; 2. the recovered small amount of sludge becomes aging oil due to long-term exposure to the sun and the addition of chemical additives, and is difficult to recover and treat; 3. the sludge dewatering difficulty is large, the amount of generated sludge is large, the sludge drying treatment difficulty is large due to the fact that the oil content is too much crude oil, the requirement on dewatering equipment is high, a large amount of flocculating agents need to be added, about 40% -70% of the formed oil-containing sludge is actually crude oil, the amount of generated sludge is large on one hand, and the sludge treatment difficulty in the later period is very large on the other hand.
The treatment method of the oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device comprises the steps of firstly cleaning oil-containing sludge by utilizing the temperature of tank bottom drainage and the high-speed turbulence of water in the oil-water separator 5, stripping silt from crude oil, and further efficiently separating oil, water and silt by utilizing the principle of oil-water separation to finally obtain low-water-content crude oil (without silt) and a low-oil-content water and silt mixture. The recovered water-containing crude oil is returned to the settling tank 1 for treatment to obtain qualified crude oil; the mixture of water and sand is sent to a sludge system for further treatment. The online processing device and the online processing method have the following advantages that: 1. the mixture of discharged water, oil and silt is treated on line, the temperature of the original sewage is fully utilized, and oil-water separation is facilitated; 2. the turbulent action of a large amount of water and the high-speed fluid of the water in the oil-water separator 5 is fully utilized to clean the oil-containing silt, and the crude oil attached to the surface of the silt is stripped to obtain the silt with low oil content; 3. through high-efficiency oil-water separation, the water-containing crude oil without silt is obtained, and the obtained crude oil returns to a settling tank 1 for dehydration treatment to obtain qualified crude oil, so that the crude oil loss (80-95% of crude oil in the sludge discharged from the tank bottom is recovered) and the subsequent pollution problem are remarkably reduced; 4. because the produced sludge has low oil content and is easy to dehydrate, the subsequent further harmless treatment cost is greatly reduced.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2: example 2 differs from example 1 in that: the separator only comprises an oil-water separator 5, a feed inlet of the oil-water separator 5 is communicated with a discharge outlet of the booster pump 4, a mixed liquid outlet of the oil-water separator 5 is communicated with the middle upper part of the settling tank 1, and the separated water-containing sludge is discharged to a specified position from a sludge outlet of the oil-water separator 5 and then is subjected to subsequent treatment.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A treatment method of an oil field settling tank bottom sludge discharge online treatment device is characterized in that: the treatment device comprises a separator and a conveying unit, wherein a feed inlet of the conveying unit is communicated with a drain outlet (2) of a settling tank (1), a discharge outlet of the conveying unit is communicated with a feed inlet of the separator, a mixed liquid outlet of the separator is communicated with a feed inlet of the settling tank (1), a sludge outlet is also arranged on the separator, the conveying unit conveys sludge at the bottom of the settling tank (1) into the separator, the sludge is cleaned and separated in the separator, the separated oil-water mixed liquid is sent into the settling tank (1) again through the mixed liquid outlet, the separated sludge-water mixture is discharged from the sludge outlet, the separator comprises an oil-water separator (5) and a sludge-water separator (6), the sludge-water separator (6) is arranged at the left side of the settling tank (1), the oil-water separator (5) is arranged between the sludge-water separator (6) and the settling tank (1), the drain outlet (2) of the settling tank (1) is arranged at the bottom of the settling tank (1), the middle upper part of the separator is also provided with a sewage outlet, the separator comprises an oil-water separator (5) and a mud-water separator (6), a discharge hole of the conveying unit is communicated with a feed hole of the oil-water separator (5), a mixed liquid outlet of the oil-water separator (5) is communicated with a feed hole of the settling tank (1), a sludge outlet of the oil-water separator (5) is communicated with a feed hole of the mud-water separator (6), and separated sludge is discharged from a sludge outlet of the mud-water separator (6);
the treatment method comprises the following steps:
step (1), pressurizing a mixture containing crude oil, water and silt in a settling tank (1) to 0.2-0.8 MPa by a conveying unit at the temperature of 30-95 ℃, and conveying the mixture into a separator;
step (2), separating oil, water and sand from the mixture in a separator, cleaning oil-containing silt to obtain a silt-free low-water-content crude oil and low-oil-content sand-water mixture, feeding the mixture into an oil-water separator (5), cleaning oil on the surface of the silt in the oil-water separator (5), simultaneously realizing oil-water separation, and obtaining two streams of the silt-free low-water-content crude oil and the low-oil-content sand-water mixture; the separated sand-water mixture with low oil content is conveyed into a mud-water separator (6) under the action of pressure, and the sand-water mixture with low oil content enters the mud-water separator (6) to clean oil on the surface of the silt again so as to separate sewage from sludge;
step (3), reversely conveying the separated low water content crude oil without silt back to the settling tank (1) again for settling dehydration treatment, and discharging the separated low oil content sand-water mixture water-containing sludge to a sludge treatment tank;
and (3) carrying out oil-water separation on the mixture in the step (2) in a separator, and then carrying out mud-water separation.
2. The treatment method of the online treatment device for the bottom sludge discharge of the oilfield settling tank, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the oil-water separator (5) and the mud-water separator (6) are both cyclone separators.
3. The treatment method of the online treatment device for the bottom sludge discharge of the oilfield settling tank, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the separator comprises an oil-water separator (5), a discharge hole of the conveying unit is communicated with a feed inlet of the oil-water separator (5), a mixed liquid outlet of the oil-water separator (5) is communicated with a feed inlet of the settling tank (1), and a sludge outlet is formed in the lower part of the oil-water separator (5).
4. The treatment method of the online treatment device for the bottom sludge discharge of the oilfield settling tank is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the oil-water separator (5) is a cyclone separator.
5. The treatment method of the online treatment device for the bottom sludge discharge of the oilfield settling tank, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a valve (3) is arranged between the sewage draining outlet (2) and the conveying unit.
6. The treatment method of the online treatment device for the sludge discharged from the bottom of the oilfield settling tank is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the conveying unit is a booster pump (4).
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| CN107935212A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-20 | 武汉工程大学 | Automatic oil-water separation method and device |
| CN110551514A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2019-12-10 | 河北宏龙环保科技有限公司 | Oil field exploitation solid waste disposal device and method |
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| CN104310745A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 西安华陆环保设备有限公司 | Device for treating fine granular sludge in oil field sedimentation equipment |
| CN204342740U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-20 | 南阳远大新能源开发有限公司 | Ageing oil recovery and processing system |
| CN105419862A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-23 | 淄博海润环境工程有限公司 | Coalescence type multiphase cyclone separator |
| CN206858493U (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2018-01-09 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of online processing unit of oil field settling tank tank bottom spoil disposal |
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