CN106995277B - A kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod Download PDF

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CN106995277B
CN106995277B CN201710040490.1A CN201710040490A CN106995277B CN 106995277 B CN106995277 B CN 106995277B CN 201710040490 A CN201710040490 A CN 201710040490A CN 106995277 B CN106995277 B CN 106995277B
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chalcogenide glass
glass
optical fiber
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CN106995277A (en
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刘自军
陈华
王训四
黄炎
戴世勋
许银生
沈祥
张培全
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Ningbo University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B37/00Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
    • C03B37/01Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/012Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01205Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
    • C03B37/01211Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
    • C03B37/0122Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of photonic crystal, microstructured or holey optical fibres
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, feature is to include the following steps: that chalcogenide glass material is prepared glass blank pipe by drilling, extruding or directly coil method by (1), the capillary of uniform size of duty ratio corresponding is prepared by wire drawing, capillary is put into vacuum furnace successively vacuumize, heat, filling with inert gas, sealing capillary both ends make its sealing;(2) capillary is piled into the structure for the polygon or round that cross section is symmetrical structure, fibre core is fixed the model of accumulation using solid glass rod or hollow pipe, is inserted in preprepared outer tube and chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is made;(3) primary preform stick is integrally vertically put into vacuum furnace, it successively vacuumizes, heat, filling with inert gas, gapless chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod between acquisition capillary, advantage is with tight defect between hollow hole arranged regular, capillary.

Description

A kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
Technical field
The present invention relates to photonic crystal fiber fields, more particularly, to a kind of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod Preparation method.
Background technique
Photonic crystal fiber (PCF, also known as microstructured optical fibers or porous optical fiber), covering is by periodic arrangement along optical fiber The hollow hole composition of entire optical fiber is axially extended to, structure has very big adjustability, has some unique optical characteristics, such as Endless single mode, dispersion controllable, high birefringence, high non-linearity, large mode field etc..Chalcogenide glass is a kind of infrared light of function admirable Learn material, there is lower phonon energy, higher refractive index, it is very wide it is infrared penetrate window, preferable chemically and thermally property The characteristics such as energy.In recent years, chalcogenide glass was concerned as a kind of research of photonic crystal fiber made of new material, international Upper many famous research institution (such as Southampton University of Southampton, French Universite De Rennes 1, US Naval Research Laboratory and Massachusetts reasons Engineering college etc.) research of the development to chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fiber one after another.Since chalcogenide glass has infrared biography in good Defeated performance and high nonlinear characteristic, therefore combine the architectural characteristic of photonic crystal fiber, infrared super continuous spectrums, space in Zero suppression interferometer, in infrared bio-sensing and chemical sensitisation etc. have broad application prospects.Further, since photonic crystal The special structure of optical fiber, has that endless single mode operating in wide wave-length coverage, mode field area is adjustable, the characteristic of low bend loss, Biggish numerical aperture is also beneficial to the coupling of pump light simultaneously, to promotion rare earth doping chalcogenide glass photonic crystal optical fiber beam Quality realizes that the transmission of high power laser light is significant, can be applied to mid and far infrared fiber amplifier and laser.
The preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod mainly has method of piling, casting and punch method at present. Wherein method of piling is also the current most important preparation method of quartz substrate photonic crystal fiber.But the surface for chalcogenide glass Tension is small, viscosity with temperature variation is violent, is difficult to obtain stable structure by way of traditional method of piling wire drawing control pressure Photonic crystal fiber;In addition, chalcogenide glass does not have the characteristic of quartz glass welding, welding outer tube cannot be passed through to prefabricated rods Mode realize the pressure control of stable precision;And there is very big poorly sealed problem in other modes, make capillary at high temperature Air pressure fluctuation is violent between pipe.The preparation method (ZL200510024669.5) of patent photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, photon are brilliant The preparation method of body prefabricated rods is to cooperate vacuum pumping using drawing optical fibers feed device, while keeping the primary accumulated pre- Stick processed slowly moves across heating zone, forms photonic crystal prefabricated rods.There are main problems for the method: first is that cannot avoid prefabricated The connection sealing problem of stick and pumped vacuum systems, there are larger fluctuations for air pressure;Second is that wire drawing is very narrow with furnace body heating interval, high temperature Area compares concentration, and prefabricated rods heat up comparatively fast when lowering into hot-zone, and cooling is also fast when continuing to decline hot-zone out, and capillary is easy There is phenomena such as uneven heating, expansion is irregular, stress is larger;Third is that prefabricated rods slow transit through hot-zone, hot-zone is narrower, and time-consuming is longer. Casting is a kind of sulphur system photonic crystal fiber preparation method (Casting of French Universite De Rennes 1's invention in 2010 Method, Opt. Express, 2010,18 (9): 9107-9112.), method are as follows: in the ampoule bottle that chalcogenide glass is melted The thin stick of top welding quartz, forms the complementary structure of photonic crystal;The chalcogenide glass liquid melted is inverted into 180 degree, makes glass Glass liquid stream enters to have one end of quartz pushrod frame, anneals by quenching, finally falls quartz pushrod with 40% hydrofluoric acid dissolution, obtains sulphur system Photonic crystal fiber.The method main problem is that chalcogenide glass, there are very big difference, makes with the quartz glass coefficient of expansion The very big stress of accumulation in prefabricated board, it is easy to be broken.Boring method is the common practice for preparing various kinds of substrates photonic crystal fiber (CN201210535345.8), there are main problems to be chalcogenide glass easily embrittlement for the method, either machining or super It is not high that sound wave processes success rate;In addition, punch method is not easy to adjust duty ratio, in hollow hole number of plies critical constraints and hollow hole Surface defect is serious.In conclusion sulphur system photonic crystal fiber preparation at present is seriously limited by sulphur system photonic crystal prefabricated rods Preparation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind, and there is tight between hollow hole arranged regular, capillary to lack The preparation method of sunken chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod.
The technical scheme of the invention to solve the technical problem is: a kind of chalcogenide glass is photon crystal optical fiber preformed The preparation method of stick, includes the following steps:
(1) preparation of capillary
The glass blank pipe that chalcogenide glass material is prepared to corresponding duty ratio by drilling, extruding or direct coil method, passes through Wire drawing prepares the capillary of uniform size of duty ratio corresponding, capillary is put into vacuum furnace successively slow by initial stage It vacuumizes to vacuumize with later period molecular pump and reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while by capillary heating to glass transformation temperature Tg±20 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, inert gas is then filled with inside capillary, sealing capillary both ends make its sealing, form internal gas pressure Power is greater than or equal to the hollow pipe of an atmospheric pressure;
(2) molding of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
Capillary is piled into the structure for the polygon or round that cross section is symmetrical structure, fibre core uses solid glass rod Or hollow pipe, core diameter are equal to or less than capillary outer diameter, fix the model of accumulation, be inserted in preprepared housing Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is made in Guan Zhong;If core diameter is less than capillary outer diameter, fibre core and capillary it Between gap using solid glass silk fill;If the inner hole cross-sectional shape of cross section and outer tube that capillary is piled into is not Together, then the gap between capillary and outer tube is filled using the solid glass silk of same material;
(3) prefabricated rods are heat-treated
Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is integrally vertically put into vacuum furnace, it is successively slow by initial stage It vacuumizes to vacuumize with later period molecular pump and reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick being heated To glass transformation temperature Tg+ 50~Tg+ 180 DEG C, heat preservation sizing 0.5h~2h, obtain gapless chalcogenide glass between capillary Photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod.
Inert gas as described in step (1) be infrared no absorption peak gas, including high-purity helium, neon, argon, krypton, Xenon or nitrogen.
Sealing capillary both ends method is the heating sealing by the way of electric heating coil heating or flame heating in step (1) Process is confined in 2 millimeters of end.It avoids generating stress and rupturing, heating temperature reaches glass melt temperature Tm±50℃。
Solid glass wire material described in step (2) is using the glass material with the capillary same composition.
The cross section of outer tube described in step (2) is regular hexagon or circle.
The shape of the cross section of the accumulation of capillary described in step (2) is regular hexagon or circle.
The furnace chamber temperature field wave of vacuum furnace described in step (3) is dynamic less than 0.1 DEG C, and cavity has observation window.It can Monitor the state of capillary and prefabricated rods in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: a kind of photonic crystal fiber based on chalcogenide glass of the present invention The preparation method of prefabricated rods, this method accumulate photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod using the hollow capillary of end seals, and cooperation is true It is integrally formed that outage incubator eliminates capillary gap, fast and stable.The capillary is by vacuum drying, filling indifferent gas Body, sealing two ends, constitute a closed hollow pipe.Obtained photonic crystal primary preform stick is vertically sent into vacuum height In warm furnace, photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod is obtained after specific temperature and held for some time under vacuum degree, Slow cooling.The party Method uses chalcogenide glass as material, does dry filling to capillary using the function of vacuum high-temperature stove evacuation, inflation, heating Processing, to frangible sulphur system capillary end perfection sealing and gas-filled protective;Secondly, being added by integrally being vacuumized to primary preform stick The mode of heat solves the problems, such as uncontrollable air pressure in drawing process, and prefabricated rods can be guaranteed generally in homogeneous temperature field In, it obtains with void-free photon between the capillary of tight defect and stable structure between hollow hole arranged regular, capillary Crystal structure prefabricated rods;In addition, disposed of in its entirety mode improves treatment effeciency under the premise of guaranteeing stability;Utilize this method The prefabricated stick drawn wire process of preparation is simple, it is no longer necessary to consider the control problem of air pressure between capillary.
In conclusion a kind of preparation method of photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod based on chalcogenide glass is invented, it can be effective Ground avoids gap and defect between chalcogenide glass capillary, keeps the regularity of structure, reduces optical fiber caused by fault of construction and damages Consumption, and the characteristic controllable with fast and stable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fiber primary preform stick cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 2 is the final prefabricated rods cross-sectional view of chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fiber of the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 3 is the chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fiber primary preform stick cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention two.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
Embodiment one
Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fiber is prepared, chalcogenide glass material, sample are prepared using traditional melt quenching Preparation by the pretreatment of quartz ampoule, the weighing of starting material, vacuum sealing tube, be melted, annealing, cutting, drilling etc. processes, Obtain the glass blank pipe and outer tube 1 of corresponding duty ratio.To the chalcogenide glass blank pipe of acquisition, wire drawing is carried out, it is desirable that the light of drawing Fibre, it is of uniform size, the capillary 2 of uniform size of duty ratio corresponding is prepared by wire drawing.
With the moderate capillary 2 of optical fiber cutter intercepted length, capillary 2 is put into vacuum furnace successively by just Phase, which slowly vacuumizes to vacuumize with later period molecular pump, reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while capillary 2 is heated to Glass Transition temperature Spend Tg+ 20 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, inert gas (N is then filled with inside capillary 22), and using cold flame heating sealing both ends Port (Tm+ 50 DEG C), 2 both ends of capillary are sealed, the hollow pipe that internal gas pressure is greater than or equal to an atmospheric pressure is formed Road, wait further use.
Capillary 2 is piled into the structure that cross section is regular hexagon, the capillary 2 of cross section geometric center uses solid slim The substitution of stick 3 is used as fibre core, fixes the model of accumulation, is inserted in preprepared outer tube 1, and it is brilliant that chalcogenide glass photon is made Body fiber primary prefabricated rods;Since core diameter is identical as 2 diameter of capillary, and the hex size of capillary 2 row silk and outer The exact matching of 1 hexagonal inner hole size of casing does not need the filling of additional glass silk, as shown in Figure 1.
Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is integrally vertically put into vacuum furnace, it is successively slow by initial stage It vacuumizes to vacuumize with later period molecular pump and reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick being heated To glass transformation temperature Tg+ 50 DEG C, heat preservation sizing 2h;Occurred using glass softening characteristic after 2 inside and outside differential pressure of capillary and heating Dilatancy eliminates between capillary 2, between capillary 2 and fibre core, gap, outer tube 1 are inside and outside without pressure between capillary 2 and outer tube 1 Power difference will not be deformed;Gapless final photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod between capillary 2 is prepared, as shown in Fig. 2, together When formed covering in airport 4.
The chalcogenide glass photonic crystal prefabricated rods of preparation are put into wire-drawer-tower and carry out wire drawing (300 DEG C), drawing process is not required to Pressure control is additionally carried out, with solid glass rod drawing process all fours;Furthermore dry atmosphere (N is needed2) protect to keep away Exempt from steam intrusion in oxidation and air.
In this particular embodiment, inert gas be infrared no absorption peak gas, including high-purity helium, neon, argon, Krypton, xenon or nitrogen.Sealing 2 both ends method of capillary is to be heated sealed by the way of electric heating coil heating or flame heating Journey is confined in 2 millimeters of end.Solid glass wire material is using the glass material with 2 same composition of capillary.Vacuum furnace Furnace chamber temperature field wave it is dynamic less than 0.1 DEG C, cavity has observation window.
Embodiment two
Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fiber is prepared, chalcogenide glass material, sample are prepared using traditional melt quenching Preparation by the pretreatment of quartz ampoule, the weighing of starting material, vacuum sealing tube, be melted, annealing, cutting, drilling etc. processes, Obtain the glass blank pipe and outer tube 1 of corresponding duty ratio.To the chalcogenide glass blank pipe of acquisition, wire drawing is carried out, it is desirable that the light of drawing Fibre, it is of uniform size, the capillary 2 of uniform size of duty ratio corresponding is prepared by wire drawing.
With the moderate capillary 2 of optical fiber cutter intercepted length, capillary 2 is put into vacuum furnace successively by just Phase, which slowly vacuumizes to vacuumize with later period molecular pump, reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while capillary 2 is heated to Glass Transition temperature Spend Tg- 20 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, inert gas (N is then filled with inside capillary 22), and using cold flame heating sealing both ends Port (Tm+ 50 DEG C), 2 both ends of capillary are sealed, the hollow pipe that internal gas pressure is greater than or equal to an atmospheric pressure is formed Road, wait further use.
Capillary heap 2 is accumulated into the structure at cross section for regular hexagon, the capillary 2 of cross section geometric center is close with both ends The substitution of hollow capillary 5 that the big space rate and diameter of envelope are less than 2 outer diameter of capillary is used as fibre core, between fibre core and capillary 2 Gap using filaments of glass 6 fill, fix the model of accumulation, be inserted in preprepared inner hole cross-sectional shape for circle Outer tube 1 in, between capillary 2 and outer tube 1 gap with filaments of glass 6 fill, at the beginning of chalcogenide glass photonic crystal fiber is made Grade prefabricated rods, as shown in Figure 3.
Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is integrally vertically put into vacuum furnace, it is successively slow by initial stage It vacuumizes to vacuumize with later period molecular pump and reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick being heated To glass transformation temperature Tg+ 180 DEG C, heat preservation sizing 0.5h;It is sent out using glass softening characteristic after heterodyne in capillary 2 and heating Raw dilatancy eliminates between capillary 2, between capillary 2 and fibre core, gap between capillary 2 and outer tube 1, nothing inside and outside outer tube 1 Pressure difference will not be deformed, and prepare gapless final photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod between capillary 2.
The chalcogenide glass photonic crystal prefabricated rods of preparation are put into wire-drawer-tower and carry out wire drawing (550 DEG C), drawing process is not required to Pressure control is additionally carried out, with solid glass rod drawing process all fours;Furthermore dry atmosphere (N is needed2) protect to keep away Exempt from steam intrusion in oxidation and air.
Embodiment three
With above-mentioned specific embodiment 1, difference is:
Capillary heating is to glass transformation temperature Tg℃;Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is heated to glass to turn Temperature Tg+ 110 DEG C, heat preservation sizing 1h.
Above description is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above.The art it is common Within the essential scope of the present invention, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made also should belong to protection of the invention to technical staff Range.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
(1) preparation of capillary
The glass blank pipe that chalcogenide glass material is prepared to corresponding duty ratio by drilling, extruding or direct coil method, passes through wire drawing Capillary is put into vacuum furnace and successively slowly takes out very by initial stage by the capillary of uniform size for preparing duty ratio corresponding Empty and later period molecular pump, which vacuumizes, reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while by capillary heating to glass transformation temperature Tg± 20 DEG C, 2h is kept the temperature, inert gas is then filled with inside capillary, sealing capillary both ends make its sealing, it is big to form internal gas pressure In or equal to an atmospheric pressure hollow pipe;
(2) molding of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod
Capillary is piled into the structure for the polygon or round that cross section is symmetrical structure, fibre core using solid glass rod or Hollow pipe, core diameter are equal to or less than capillary outer diameter, fix the model of accumulation, be inserted in preprepared outer tube In, chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is made;If core diameter is less than capillary outer diameter, between fibre core and capillary Gap using solid glass silk fill;If the cross section that capillary is piled into is different from the inner hole cross-sectional shape of outer tube, Then the gap between capillary and outer tube is filled using the solid glass silk of same material;
(3) prefabricated rods are heat-treated
Chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is integrally vertically put into vacuum furnace, is successively slowly taken out very by initial stage Empty and later period molecular pump, which vacuumizes, reaches 1 × 10-6Pa pressure, while chalcogenide glass photonic crystal primary preform stick is heated to glass Glass transition temperature (Tg+ 50)~(Tg+ 180 DEG C), heat preservation sizing 0.5h~2h, obtain capillary between gapless chalcogenide glass Photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod.
2. a kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Inert gas as described in step (1) is the gas in infrared no absorption peak, including high-purity helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon or nitrogen Gas.
3. a kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Sealing capillary both ends method is the heating sealing process limitation by the way of electric heating coil heating or flame heating in step (1) In 2 millimeters of end.
4. a kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Solid glass wire material described in step (2) is using the glass material with the capillary same composition.
5. a kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The cross section of outer tube described in step (2) is regular hexagon or circle.
6. a kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The shape of the cross section of the accumulation of capillary described in step (2) is regular hexagon or circle.
7. a kind of preparation method of chalcogenide glass photon crystal optical fiber preformed rod according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The furnace chamber temperature field wave of vacuum furnace described in step (3) is dynamic less than 0.1 DEG C, and cavity has observation window.
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CN111847862B (en) * 2020-07-27 2021-10-01 武汉长盈通光电技术股份有限公司 Preparation method of photonic crystal optical fiber preform and tube arranging device thereof
CN112851109A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-05-28 艾菲博(宁波)光电科技有限责任公司 Defect core microstructure optical fiber for orbital angular momentum transmission and preparation method thereof
CN113149422A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-07-23 艾菲博(宁波)光电科技有限责任公司 Method and device for preparing high-duty-ratio multi-core microstructure communication optical fiber
CN112811432B (en) * 2021-03-18 2022-03-22 盐城师范学院 Preparation method of ytterbium ion doped silicon dioxide laser microsphere

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