CN106992643A - The Internal and external cycle stator structure of d.c. motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a kind of Internal and external cycle stator structure of d.c. motor, it is to apply to a d.c. motor, including an external stator and an inner stator, the external stator is mounted in the housing of the d.c. motor, including multiple external magnets, respectively the external magnet is, along the circumference of the housing to the inwall for being fixed to the housing, to be spaced each other and opposite polarity；The inner stator is then assembled in the external stator, its front and back end is individually secured to the front and back end of the housing, the inner stator is also circumferentially with multiple internal magnets along the circle of the housing, and a rotation space is maintained between external stator, for accommodating a hollow rotor, when the hollow type rotor is switched on and produces electromagnetic field, the electromagnetism field energy produces mutual repulsion effect with the internal magnet and external magnet, the hollow type rotor is rotated, it is synchronous to drive an output, to export a rotation torsion.

Description

The Internal and external cycle stator structure of d.c. motor

Technical field

The present invention is a kind of Internal and external cycle stator structure of d.c. motor, is espespecially set in a columned inner walls ring outside one Stator, sets an inner stator, a rotation space can be formed by making between the external stator and inner stator then at shaft core position, for accommodating one The stator structure of hollow type rotor.

Background technology

Motor (Electric motor), also known as motor, be it is a kind of received electric power can be changed into mechanical energy, Afterwards, recycle the mechanical energy to produce kinetic energy, and then drive the electric equipment of other devices.Because kinetic energy is the daily life of people The energy kenel mainly used in work, and electric energy has the characteristics such as easily storage, transmission and cleaning, thus it is possible to be driven by electric energy Dynamic, the motor of output kinetic energy becomes important utensil indispensable in people's life.

General speech, according to the difference of driving electric energy, motor can be divided into the classes such as d.c. motor, alternating current motor and impulse motor again Type, wherein, the characteristic curve such as " rotary speed-torque " of d.c. motor and " electric current-torque ", is linear relationship, with being easy to control Output speed processed, the features such as detent torque is larger, it is easy to carry out speed Control, thus as the crucial skill in industrial automation Art, and the purpose of the present invention, are to be improved for d.c. motor.

Refer to shown in Figure 1A, the basic framework of d.c. motor 1 includes a housing 10, a pivot 11, a rotor 12 (rotor), a stator 13 (stator) and a commutator 14 (commutator), wherein, accommodate sky provided with one in the housing 10 Between 101, the pivot 11 is hubbed in the housing 10, and its one end output shaft 111 it is convex be exposed at outside the housing 10, the rotor 12 Combined by multiple silicon steel sheets, and assembling is fixed on the pivot 11, and multiturn coil is wound with the rotor 12.The stator 13 Be made up of permanent magnet, and be installed in the housing 10 inwall correspond to the rotor 12 outboard peripheries, and with the rotor 12 A spacing is kept, the commutator 14 is located in the receiving space 101, can receive external power, and by power Transmission to the rotor 12, and the commutator 14 with the rotation of the commutator 14, can also change the sense of current of conveying.

Palm rule is opened come bright left hand rule or the right hand according to Buddhist, when a wire is placed in a magnetic field, if the wire is logical After upper electric current, the magnetic field produced by the wire can cut the magnetic field line in original magnetic field, and then the wire is produced movement, so, After coil electricity on rotor 12, the magnetic field produced by it, the magnetic line of force that can be produced by cutting stator 13, and generate rotation and turn round Square causes the rotation of rotor 12, and converts electric energy to kinetic energy, for example, refers to shown in Figure 1B, when the magnetic force of stator 13 When line is from left to right, if the sense of current of the coil of rotor 12 is to flow into left outflow by right, now, the rotor 12 is produced Raw rotation torque can force the rotor 12 to turn clockwise.

As it was previously stated, the advantage of d.c. motor 1, is the rotating speed for being easily controllable rotor 12, so being suitably applied work In industry automatic technology.When controlling d.c. motor 1, those skilled in the art can pass through the size of current changed on coil, with Strengthen or weaken the kinetic energy that the stator 13 is produced on coil, however, the density of coil winding has its limitation, the change width of electric current Degree can not non-infinite system, so, whether inventor to the structure of d.c. motor 1 it is considered that can improve, with not significantly On the premise of increasing overall volume, the controllability and the range of speeds of the speed of rotor 12 are lifted

In addition, inventor in research process it has also been found that, in known d.c. motor, those skilled in the art must be It is extra on the output shaft 111 to assemble other transmission mechanisms (such as：Gear train), the kinetic energy that the rotor 12 is produced could be passed out Go, but the configuration of transmission mechanism can cause complicatedization, and kinetic energy necessarily consume.Further, since the output shaft 111 Convex one end being exposed at outside the housing 10 is free end, so, it is shorter that the length of the output shaft 111 is necessarily designed, to avoid The problem of occurring " journal offset ".Accordingly, when the pivot 11 is intended to high rotating speed, produce enough rotation torsion and drive the driver During structure, great load is born in fact between the pivot 11 and transmission mechanism, it is easy to produce abrasion, and then because of unbalance stress It is even, and cause the problem of axis of the output shaft 111 still gradually shifts.

In summary, the overall architecture of existing d.c. motor still has excalation, therefore, such as in implementation using upper What is improved to the structure of d.c. motor, the problem of to lift the controllability of its rotating speed, and solve " journal offset ", For each manufacture at present, the manufacturer of design d.c. motor, an important topic of solution is desired most ardently.

The content of the invention

In view of known d.c. motor is easily produced after should still having the space of improvement, and permanent use in the controllability of rotating speed The problem of raw " journal offset ", inventor analyzes by constantly studying intensively for many years by test repeatedly, improvement and implementation Afterwards, a kind of Internal and external cycle stator structure of d.c. motor of the present invention is designed finally, to can improve the efficiency of motor with it is durable Property.

The purpose of the present invention, is to provide a kind of Internal and external cycle stator structure of d.c. motor, and the Internal and external cycle stator structure should With to a d.c. motor, the d.c. motor includes a housing, and the housing is in a cylinder, and it is interior provided with a receiving space, and this is interior Outer ring stator structure includes an external stator and an inner stator, and the external stator is arranged in the receiving space, including multiple external magnets, Respectively the external magnet be the circumference along the housing to the inwall for being fixed to the housing, be spaced each other, and wantonly two adjacent outer magnetic Iron opposite polarity each other；The inner stator is assembled in the external stator, and its front and back end is individually secured to the front and back end of the housing, and this is interior A rotation space is maintained between stator and the external stator, the rotation space is enough to accommodate a hollow type rotor, the hollow type rotor One first gap and one second gap are kept with the external stator and the inner stator respectively, so that the hollow type rotor can be outer fixed at this Rotated between son and the inner stator, the inner stator includes multiple internal magnets, respectively the internal magnet is the circumference along the housing to being fixed on The outer rim of the inner stator, is spaced each other, wantonly two adjacent internal magnets opposite polarity each other, and respectively the internal magnet, which corresponds to, respectively should External magnet.In this way, when the coil of the hollow type rotor receives the electric current that a phase changer is transmitted, and produce corresponding electromagnetic field Afterwards, mutual exclusion will be produced with respectively external magnet on respectively internal magnet and the external stator on the inner stator respectively because of the electromagnetism field energy Effect, and make hollow type rotor rotation, and the synchronous slow-speed of revolution and high torsion for driving an output, the hollow type rotor being produced The one of square rotates torsion, and output a to load is (such as：Gearbox).

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1A is the structural representation of known d.c. motor；

Figure 1B is the start principle schematic of known d.c. motor；

Fig. 2 is the d.c. motor schematic diagram that stator structure of the invention is applied；

Fig. 3 is the profile for the d.c. motor that stator structure of the invention is applied；

Fig. 4 is the stator structure floor map of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the sectional perspective schematic diagram of the hollow type rotor of d.c. motor；

Fig. 6 is the coiling schematic diagram of the hollow type rotor of d.c. motor.

【Symbol description】

D.c. motor 1

Housing 10

Receiving space 101

Pivot 11

Output shaft 111

Rotor 12

Stator 13

Commutator 14

D.c. motor 2

Housing 20

Receiving space 200

Protecgulum 20A

Bonnet 20B

Shell 20C

Delivery outlet 201

Preceding connecting portion 202A

Connecting portion 202B afterwards

Connecting rod 203

Brush 204

Embedding part 205

External stator 21

External magnet 211

Commutator 22

Disk body 220

Commutator segment 221

Output 23

Hollow type rotor 24

First gap 24A

Second gap 24B

Axis hole 240

Outer iron core 241

Interior iron core 242

Outer wire casing 243

Fixing hole 244

Interior wire casing 245

Hold-down bars 246

Position-limiting tube 247

Inner stator 25

Inner stator body 250

Internal magnet 251

Locating rod 252

Bearing 26A, 26B

Coil 27

Coil segment 271,272

Inner side space D 1, D3

Outside space D 2, D4

Embodiment

The present invention is a kind of Internal and external cycle stator structure of d.c. motor, is referred to shown in Fig. 2 and 3, is the first of the present invention Preferred embodiment, the Internal and external cycle stator structure is applied on a d.c. motor 2, including an external stator 21 and an inner stator 25, and The d.c. motor 2 is in addition to possessing the Internal and external cycle stator structure, in addition to a housing 20 (as shown in Figure 3), a commutator 22, one The grade component of 23 and one hollow type rotor of output 24, in the present embodiment, the housing 20 be by a protecgulum 20A, a bonnet 20B and One shell 20C assembles, and it is in integrally a hollow cylindrical to make it, is formed with a receiving space 200 in it, the commutator 22 with The output 23 is respectively positioned in protecgulum 20A and bonnet 20B.

Refer to shown in Fig. 2 and 3, for ease of the relativeness between description component, using Fig. 2 and 3 right as " front ", Its left is " rear ".The external stator 21 is arranged in the receiving space 200, including multiple external magnets 211, respectively the external magnet 211, along shell 20C circumference to the inwall for being fixed to the housing 20, are spaced each other, and wantonly two adjacent external magnet 211 Polarity it is opposite each other.In the present embodiment, the inlay card of grade external magnet 211 is fixed on shell 20C internal face, and in this hair In bright other embodiment, the external stator 21 may also comprise outside the tubular fixed seat that a bore is slightly less than shell 20C, and the grade Magnet 211 is fixedly arranged on the inwall of the tubular fixed seat, and to pass through the tubular fixed seat, the inwall of the housing 20 is positioned at indirectly On.

The inner stator 25 is assembled in the external stator 21, and its front and back end is individually secured to protecgulum 20A and bonnet 20B, should A rotation space is maintained between inner stator 25 and the external stator 21, the rotation space is enough to accommodate the hollow type rotor 24, and energy The hollow type rotor 24 is set to keep one first gap 24A and one second gap 24B with the external stator 21 and the inner stator 25 respectively, And can be rotated in the rotation space；The inner stator 25 includes an inner stator body 250 and multiple internal magnets 251, respectively the interior magnetic Circumference of the iron 251 along shell 20C is spaced each other to the outer rim for being fixed on the inner stator body 250, and wantonly two is adjacent interior The opposite polarity each other of magnet 251, respectively the position of the internal magnet 251 correspond to the respectively external magnet 211, in the present embodiment, for dimension The quantity for holding internal magnet 251 and external magnet 211 is corresponding, and the area of the internal magnet 251 is less than the area of the external magnet 211.

In the present embodiment, the rear and front end of the inner stator body 250 is convexly equipped with the (locating rod such as this 252 of two locating rod 252 Can be the two ends of same strut members, as shown in Figure 3), respectively the locating rod 252 is respectively connecting to the front and rear end of the housing 20, So that the axle center of the inner stator 25 can correspond to the axle center of the housing 20.In other embodiments of the invention, art technology Personnel can voluntarily adjust the configuration of the inner stator body 250 according to design requirement.

The hollow type rotor 24 is combined by multiple iron cores, has been axially formed an axis hole 240 in it, its front end with The commutator 22 is connected, and its rear end is then connected with the output 23, and multiturn coil 27 is arranged with the hollow type rotor 24. In this way, when the coil 27 on the hollow type rotor 24 by it is outside (such as：Commutator 22, its thin portion structure will be in detailed description hereinafter) transmit Current lead-through, and when producing corresponding electromagnetic field, the electromagnetism field energy respectively with respectively internal magnet 251 on the inner stator 25 and Respectively external magnet 211 on the external stator 21 produces mutual repulsion effect, and rotates the hollow type rotor 24, and synchronous drive exports Part 23 (commutator 22 also can synchronously be driven), and then the slow-speed of revolution that the hollow type rotor 24 is produced and one turn of high torque Dynamic torsion, output a to load is (such as：Gearbox).Because the hollow type rotor 24 is simultaneously by the inner stator 25 and external stator 21 Electromagnetic field effects, and by promote rotate, so, compared to the known single flow motor of single stator, design of the invention Those skilled in the art can be made to be easier to control the rotation speed change of the hollow type rotor 24, and output 23 is exported higher torsion Square.

To make the inner stator 25 and the electromagnetism field energy of the generation of external stator 21 more accurately drive the hollow type rotor 24, invent People has done detailed research also directed to the configuration mode of the grade internal magnet 251 and external magnet 211：Refer to shown in Fig. 2 to 4, send out A person of good sense has found, between two adjacent external magnets 211, maintains an inner side space D 1 between the side of the neighbouring inwall of housing 20, its is another An outside space D 2 is then maintained between side, the outside space D 2 is more than the inner side space D 1 (as shown in figure 4, the respectively outer magnetic Iron 211 be provided with a corner cut, make its spacing larger), in this way, between adjacent external magnet 211 " pole end piece " can be increased away from From, it is to avoid mutual magnetic field is interfered.Similarly, between two adjacent internal magnets 251, away from the hollow type rotor 24, (or this is outer Stator 21) side between maintain an outside space D 4 then maintained between an inner side space D 3, its opposite side, the outside spacing D4 is more than the inner side space D 3.

The technology of the present invention, decapacitation utilizes inner stator 25, the special construction of external stator 21, stably drives hollow type rotor 24 with output 23, and outside the torsion for making its generation high torque (HT), the unique texture of the hollow type rotor 24 can also improve delivery efficiency, And mitigate loss.Refer to shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the position of the output 23 corresponds to an at least delivery outlet for the rear end of housing 20 201, and in a gear-like (or wheel hub or other components), in this way, a driving member is (such as：Refining bar, chape or other groups Part) it is that can be connected by the delivery outlet 201 with the output 23, and then when the d.c. motor 2 is operated, make the direct current Kinetic energy produced by motor 2 can be sequentially via the output 23 and driving member, and output a to load is (such as：Gearbox) so that should Load can be operated by the kinetic energy.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, due to the particular configuration of hollow type rotor 24, the output 23 is connected to the hollow type rotor 24 ring-type periphery is (such as：Through branched hold-down bars, its structure is in subsequent detailed), it is with output shaft 111 with known d.c. motor (as shown in Figure 1A) mode with dynamic load is different, therefore, will not easily occur journal offset as known d.c. motor The problem of, accordingly, the d.c. motor 2 can produce larger rotation torsion in the slow-speed of revolution, just, therefore can reduce thereon each The wear rate of component, greatly improves the service life of the d.c. motor 2.

For ease of understanding the technical principle of the present invention, it is described in further detail that " CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION of d.c. motor 2 " is as follows：First, In the part of housing 20, protecgulum 20A periphery is provided with multiple preceding connecting portion 202A (such as：Lockhole), it is mounted therein with multiple brushes 204 (carbon brush, also known as carbon brush), the brush 204 can receive foreign current；Bonnet 20B then offer three it is defeated Portal 201, and its periphery provided with multiple rear connecting portion 202B (such as：Lockhole), shell 20C is in then hollow tube shape, and inlay card In protecgulum 20A and bonnet 20B between the two.

As described above, the preceding connecting portion 202A and rear connecting portion 202B can be respectively with a connecting rod 203 two ends mutually fix, So that protecgulum 20A, bonnet 20B and shell 20C to be combined into one, housing 20 of the present invention is formed, in addition, to avoid this Multiple embedding parts 205 are respectively equipped with the situation that shell 20C rotates, both protecgulum 20A and bonnet 20B (such as：Lug), With two ends phase inlay card respectively with shell 20C.

Secondly, the CONSTRUCTED SPECIFICATION for the commutator 22 that explains the main points briefly and its assembled relation between brush 204 are as follows：The commutation Device 22 is located in protecgulum 20A, can be mutually electrically connected, be transmitted with receiving the brush 204 with the brush 204 in protecgulum 20A Foreign current.The commutator 22 includes a disk body 220 and multiple commutator segments 221, wherein, the grade commutator segment 221 is separated by The leading flank of the disk body 220 is assembled to one spacing, and two adjacent commutator segments 221 can make it be sent to according to a setpoint frequency The sense of current of correspondence coil 27 is reversed, so that the also reverse simultaneously of electromagnetic field produced by the coil 27, this commutation process according to The setpoint frequency one is repeated.

In addition, referring to shown in Fig. 2,3,5, in the present embodiment, the hollow type rotor 24 includes an outer iron core 241 And iron core 242 in one, the outer iron core 241 with interior iron core 242 is combined by multi-disc silicon steel sheet, and its periphery is opened vertically Provided with wire casing outside multiple tracks 243 and interior wire casing 245, and through provided with multiple fixing holes 244, the outer wire casing 243 of the grade and interior wire casing 245 be that, for winding the coil 27, the fixing hole 244 then supplies the branched hold-down bars 246 of intercalation, and respectively the front end of the hold-down bars 246 can be consolidated The trailing flank of the fixed disk body 220 to the commutator 22, respectively the rear end of the hold-down bars 246 is then fixed to the output 23, in this way, being somebody's turn to do Hollow type rotor 24, commutator 22 just can be assembled into one with the three of output 23, with energy synchronous axial system.In addition, the commutation The center of device 22 and output 23 is respectively equipped with bearing 26A, a 26B, the locating rod 252 of the inner stator 25 is passed through the respectively axle 26A, 26B are held, the housing 20 is fixedly held to, without being rotated with the commutator 22 or output 23.

As described above, to avoid the commutator 22 and output 23 from touching the coil 27 on the hollow type rotor 24, respectively The front and rear end of the hold-down bars 246 can also be arranged a position-limiting tube 247 respectively, and the external diameter of the position-limiting tube 247 is more than the fixing hole 244 aperture, and can not stretch in the fixing hole 244, and it is located at the commutator 22 and hollow type rotor 24 between the two, or Positioned at the output 23 and hollow type rotor 24 between the two, so that the commutator 22 will not touch the hollow type with output 23 Coil on rotor 24.

Inventor has found that respectively the configuration mode of the polarity of the internal magnet 251 and external magnet 211, also can in many experiments The velocity of rotation of hollow type rotor 24 is had influence on, is referred to shown in Fig. 2,4,6, N, S in Fig. 4 represent magnet polarities, Fig. 6 is this The one way in which of invention wound around coil 27, as the canoe shown in figure, coil 27 is located at the coil segment of outer wire casing 243 271, the sense of current with the coil segment 272 in corresponding interior wire casing 245 will be opposite.

As described above, in this canoe, if the polarity all same of external magnet 211 and corresponding internal magnet 251 (such as：It is N poles), then according to Fleming's left-hand rule, (thumb is that Impact direction, forefinger are magnetic direction, the centre of the palm or bending Middle finger is the sense of current), the coil segment 271 can be influenceed (if N poles, magnetic direction is court by the magnetic field of the formation of external magnet 211 Under), the bottom right angular direction for making its Impact direction be Fig. 6 makes the hollow type rotor 24 rotate in a clockwise direction；Similarly, coil Section 272 can be influenceed (if N poles, magnetic direction is upward) by the magnetic field of the formation of internal magnet 251, and it is also figure to make its Impact direction 6 bottom right angular direction, in this way, i.e. can ensure that the consistent of Impact direction with stably.In addition, when actually implementing, art technology Personnel also can voluntarily change canoe, and according to the sense of current of different paragraphs on coil 27, select corresponding interior magnetic Iron 251 is designed as opposite with the polarity of external magnet 211.

It is described above, only it is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, in addition, the interest field that the present invention is advocated, does not limit to In this, those skilled in the art, according to technology contents disclosed in this invention, the equivalence changes that can be readily occurred in all should belong to not Depart from the protection category of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the Internal and external cycle stator structure of a kind of d.c. motor, it is characterised in that applied to a d.c. motor, the d.c. motor bag A housing is included, the housing is in a cylinder, it is interior provided with a receiving space, and the Internal and external cycle stator structure includes：

One external stator, in the receiving space, including multiple external magnets, respectively the external magnet is the circumference along the housing to admittedly The fixed inwall to the housing, is spaced each other, and wantonly two adjacent external magnet opposite polarity each other；And

One inner stator, is assembled in the external stator, and its front and back end is individually secured to the front and back end of the housing, and the inner stator is outer with this A rotation space is maintained between stator, the rotation space is enough to accommodate a hollow type rotor, and the hollow type rotor is outer with this respectively Stator and the inner stator keep one first gap and one second gap, so that the hollow type rotor can be in the external stator and this is default Rotated between son, the inner stator includes multiple internal magnets, respectively the internal magnet is the circumference along the housing to being fixed on the inner stator Outer rim, is spaced each other, wantonly two adjacent internal magnets opposite polarity each other, and respectively the internal magnet corresponds to the respectively external magnet.

2. Internal and external cycle stator structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein, respectively the polarity of the internal magnet with it is relative The polarity for the external magnet answered is identical.

3. Internal and external cycle stator structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that wherein, respectively the polarity of the internal magnet with it is relative The opposite polarity for the external magnet answered.

4. between the Internal and external cycle stator structure as described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that wherein, two adjacent external magnets, Maintained between the side of the neighbouring inner walls and an outside spacing is then maintained between an inner side spacing, its opposite side, and this is outer Side spacing is more than the inner side spacing.

5. it is remote to be somebody's turn to do between Internal and external cycle stator structure as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that wherein, two adjacent internal magnets Maintained between the side of hollow type rotor and an outside spacing is then maintained between an inner side spacing, its opposite side, and between the outside Away from more than the inner side spacing.

6. Internal and external cycle stator structure as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that wherein, the inner stator also includes：

One inner stator body, respectively the internal magnet be fixed on the outer rim of the inner stator body；And

Two locating rods, are convexly equipped in the rear and front end of the inner stator body, respectively the locating rod be respectively connecting to the front end of the housing with Rear end.

7. Internal and external cycle stator structure as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that wherein, the area of the external magnet is interior more than this The area of magnet.