CN106990135A - Weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction - Google Patents
Weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction Download PDFInfo
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- CN106990135A CN106990135A CN201710303998.6A CN201710303998A CN106990135A CN 106990135 A CN106990135 A CN 106990135A CN 201710303998 A CN201710303998 A CN 201710303998A CN 106990135 A CN106990135 A CN 106990135A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction, including：Step one, for batch weldment of the same race, it is cooled to after room temperature, chooses N number of weldment, heat energy is applied in the side of its weld seam, while the opposite side in weld seam sets temperature measuring point, at interval of time Δ t1, surveys the once temperature measuring point temperature increase；Step 2, mechanical stretch experiment is carried out to N number of weldment in step one, the weldment of minimum requirements is designed for meeting as standard component, its temperature measuring point temperature increase Δ T1 is used as standard value；Step 3, weldment to be detected is cooled to after room temperature, and heat energy is applied in the side of its weld seam, while the opposite side in weld seam sets temperature measuring point, at interval of time Δ t1, surveys once temperature measuring point temperature increase Δ T2；Step 4, compares Δ T2 and Δ T1, judges whether welding quality is qualified.The inventive method step is simple, testing cost is low, can rapidly and efficiently detect whether weldment welding quality of the same race is qualified.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Welding quality test technical field, and in particular to a kind of weldment of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction
Welding quality detection method.
Background technology
Welding is a kind of industrial widely used non-disconnectable connected mode, and it is that the metal parts for needing to connect exists
Junction is locally heated to fusing or filled with molten metal material, or its fusion is linked together with methods such as pressurizations,
Welding has construction simple, the advantages of connecting reliable.
The field of component assembling, structure installation, machinery production, shipbuilding, welding are carried out in all utilization welding methods
Quality testing is essential link.Welding quality detection method can be divided into nondestructive determination and damage detection method.Lossless inspection
Survey method is compared with damaging detection method, with conclusive advantage.Current welding quality lossless detection method mainly includes：Ooze
Saturating inspection, magnetic powder test, radioscopy, ultrasonic examination etc..
Penetrating inspection is the osmosis for utilizing the bleeding agent with fluorescent dye or orchil, display defect vestige
Nondestructive testing method, conventional has fluorescent penetrating inspection and dye penetrant inspection.By good red of the weldment surface spraying permeability scrubbed
In chromatic colorant agent, the defect to be infiltrated to face of weld, weldment surface is cleaned.Last layer white displays liquid is applied again, it is to be dried
Afterwards, the colouring agent penetrated into weldment defect is adsorbed by capillarity by white displays agent, and defect is showed on surface
Red marks.Penetrating inspection requires weldment any surface finish, and checkability is low.
Magnetic powder test is to magnetize weldment in high-intensity magnetic field, makes the magnetic line of force by weld seam, runs into face of weld or close to table
During defect at face, produce leakage field and attract to be sprinkling upon the magnetic iron oxide powder of face of weld.According to the adsorbed vestige of iron powder just
Position and the size of defect can be judged.Magnetic powder test is only applicable to examine the defect at ferrimagnet surface or near surface.
Radioscopy has X-ray and gamma ray to examine two kinds.It is such as defective when the weld seam that Radiolucent is examined, then lead to
The ray attenuation degree for crossing fault location is smaller, therefore photosensitive relatively strong on the egative film of back of weld, can be in defect after egative film is rinsed
Position shows black splotch or striped.The x-ray bombardment time is short, speed fast, but equipment is complicated, expensive, and penetration capacity is compared with Y
Ray is small, is detected weldment thickness and should be less than 30mm.And gamma ray examines equipment light, simple to operate, penetration capacity is strong, can shine
Throw 300mm steel plate.But when detection is less than below 50mm weld seams, sensitivity is not high.
Ultrasonic inspection is to be propagated using ultrasonic wave energy in metal inside, and can be occurred when running into the interface of two media
The principle of reflection and refraction examines weld seam internal flaw.When ultrasonic wave is by popping one's head in from weldment surface into internal, run into
When defect and weldment bottom surface, reflect, impulse waveform is shown on screen after probe reception.It is that can determine whether according to waveform
Whether defective and defective locations.Due to there is reflecting surface between probe and detection piece, therefore should be in weldment during ultrasonic examination
Surface smear couplant.Ultrasonic examination requires weld surfacing and sufficiently large, and otherwise probe can not be placed.
For high-volume weldment of the same race, traditional welding quality nondestructive detecting method, its detection device is complicated, detects process
It is cumbersome, height is detected into, detection efficiency is low.And traditional welding quality nondestructive detecting method is all by weldment material, thickness etc.
Multifactor limitation.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of weldment of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction
Welding quality detection method, its can quickly, efficient detection weldment welding quality of the same race it is whether qualified, save traditional welding matter
Non-Destructive Testing cumbersome process is measured, simple economy, detection efficiency are high.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：
A kind of weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction, the equation of heat conduction is Fourier
The equation of heat conduction, such as following formula：
In formula：Δ Q is conduction heat, and λ is thermal conductivity factor,Rate of temperature change in the x-direction is represented, Δ s cuts for heat transfer
Area, Δ t is heat transfer time；
Weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction comprises the following steps：
Step one, for batch weldment of the same race, after it is cooled to room temperature, N number of weldment is chosen, in N number of welding
The side of part weld seam, which is used, stablizes thermal source to weldment application heat energy, while the opposite side in weld seam sets temperature measuring point, at interval of
Time Δ t1, surveys the once temperature measuring point temperature, calculates lift-off value of the temperature measuring point temperature with respect to room temperature, and record；
Step 2, carries out mechanical stretch experiment whether to judge welding quality for the N number of weldment chosen in step one
It is qualified, the weldment of minimum requirements is designed for meeting as standard component, lift-off value of the temperature measuring point with respect to room temperature in its step one
Δ T1 is used as standard value；
Step 3, weldment to be detected is cooled to after room temperature, and heat identical with step one is used in the side of its weld seam
Source applies heat energy to weldment, while the opposite side in weld seam sets temperature measuring point, and control thermal source and temperature measuring point are in weldment
On position it is identical with step one, at interval of time Δ t1, survey the once temperature measuring point temperature, calculate the temperature measuring point temperature phase
To the lift-off value Δ T2 of room temperature, and record；
Step 4, by the temperature increase Δ T2 recorded in step 3 and the temperature increase Δ T1 of step 2 Plays part
Compare, Δ T2 is equal to Δ T1, judges that welding quality is qualified, Δ T2 is less than Δ T1, judges that welding quality is unqualified.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention is based on Fourier's heat transfer formula, and welding quality is detected, works as weldering
When there are crackle, stomata in seam inside or weld not full, the heat transfer sectional area Δ s of commissure is less than standard value, has inside weld seam
During slag inclusion, because the synthesis thermal conductivity factor λ of slag inclusion is less than weldering body, these result in the heat energy that weld seam is transmitted through in heat transfer time Δ t
Δ Q reduces, so as to cause the temperature increase of temperature measuring point to be less than standard value, can determine whether that welding quality has problem accordingly.The base
In the equation of heat conduction weldment welding quality detection method of the same race compared with traditional welding quality nondestructive detecting method, without multiple
Miscellaneous equipment and process, for the Welding quality test of high-volume weldment of the same race, its detection efficiency is higher, and cost is lower.And
The inventive method does not detect the limitation of thickness.
Further, the thermal source is vertical with axis of a weld with the line of temperature measuring point.
Further, the distance of the temperature measuring point to axis of a weld is more than thermal source to the distance of axis of a weld.Heat
Be delivered to temperature measuring point from thermal source by weld seam, the distance of temperature measuring point to axis of a weld be more than thermal source to axis of a weld away from
From the welding quality of the weld seam in wider range can be detected.
Further, light irradiation weldment is irradiated using laser in step one and step 3, heat energy is applied to weldment.Swash
Illumination shot-light high directivity, applies thermal source stable to weldment.
Further, interval time Δ t1 is 3 seconds in step one and step 3.
Further, temperature measuring point temperature is measured using contact type thermometric indicator or infrared thermometer in step one and step 3
Degree.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of weldment welding quality detection method of the same race of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the detects schematic diagram to Pipe Welding Quality in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the detects schematic diagram to steel plate welding quality in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the heat-transfer character curve map of weldment steel pipe A and steel pipe B in experiment；
In accompanying drawing, 1- weldments；2- weld seams；3- thermals source；4- temperature measuring points.
Embodiment
The embodiment of technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Following examples are only used for
Clearly illustrate technical scheme, therefore be only used as example, and the protection model of the present invention can not be limited with this
Enclose.
A kind of weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction, the equation of heat conduction is Fourier
The equation of heat conduction, such as following formula：
In formula：Δ Q is conduction heat, and λ is thermal conductivity factor,Rate of temperature change in the x-direction is represented, Δ s cuts for heat transfer
Area, Δ t is heat transfer time.
By weldment 1 be steel pipe, exemplified by steel plate, it is as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, of the present invention based on the equation of heat conduction
Weldment welding quality detection method of the same race is to follow these steps to carry out：
Step one, for batch weldment 1 of the same race, after it is cooled to room temperature, N number of weldment 1 is chosen, in N number of weldering
The side of fitting weld seam 2, which is used, stablizes thermal source 3 to weldment application heat energy, while the opposite side in weld seam 2 sets temperature measuring point 4,
At interval of time Δ t1, the once temperature measuring point temperature is surveyed, lift-off value of the temperature of temperature measuring point 4 with respect to room temperature is calculated, and record；
Step 2, carries out mechanical stretch experiment whether to judge welding quality for the N number of weldment 1 chosen in step one
It is qualified, the weldment 1 of minimum requirements is designed for meeting as standard component, rise of the temperature measuring point 4 with respect to room temperature in its step one
Value Δ T1 is used as standard value；
Step 3, weldment 1 to be detected is cooled to after room temperature, in the side of its weld seam 2 using identical with step one
Thermal source 3 applies heat energy to weldment 1, while the opposite side in weld seam 2 sets temperature measuring point 4, and control thermal source 3 and temperature measuring point 4
Position on weldment 1 is identical with step one, at interval of time Δ t1, surveys the once temperature of temperature measuring point 4, calculates the survey
The temperature of warm spot 4 and is recorded with respect to the lift-off value Δ T2 of room temperature；
Step 4, by the temperature increase Δ T2 recorded in step 3 and the temperature increase Δ T1 of step 2 Plays part
Compare, Δ T2 is equal to Δ T1, judges that welding quality is qualified, Δ T2 is less than Δ T1, judges that welding quality is unqualified.
The line and the central axis of weld seam 2 of the thermal source 3 and temperature measuring point 4.And the temperature measuring point 4 arrives the center line of weld seam 2
Distance be more than thermal source 3 arrive the center line of weld seam 2 distance.Using laser irradiation light irradiation weldment 1 in step one and step 3,
Heat energy is applied to weldment 1.Interval time Δ t1 is 3 seconds in step one and step 3.Using contact in step one and step 3
Formula temperature measurer or infrared thermometer measure the temperature of temperature measuring point 4.
Step 4, when having crackle, stomata inside weld seam or welding not full, the heat transfer sectional area Δ s of commissure is less than
Normal value, when having slag inclusion inside weld seam, because the synthesis thermal conductivity factor λ of slag inclusion is less than weldering body, these result in heat transfer time
The heat energy Δ Q that weld seam is transmitted through in Δ t reduces, so as to cause the temperature increase of temperature measuring point to be less than standard value, weldering is can determine whether accordingly
Connect quality and there is problem.By the temperature increase Δ T2 recorded in step 3 and the temperature increase Δ T1 of step 2 Plays part
Compare, Δ T2 is equal to Δ T1, judges that welding quality is qualified, Δ T2 is less than Δ T1, judges that welding quality is unqualified.
In order to verify the weldment welding quality detection method of the same race of the invention based on the equation of heat conduction, inventor has done greatly
Amount experiment, in experiment, using external diameter as 45mm, the steel pipe welding fitting that wall thickness is 3mm is experimental subjects, and experimentation is as follows：
Apply heat energy, another setting temperature measuring point of weld seam, control thermal source and thermometric in the side of firm pipe A and steel pipe B weld seams
Point position is identical, is measured respectively at interval of 3 seconds, the temperature increase of steel pipe A and steel pipe B temperature measuring points, as a result as shown in the table：
| Interval time | 0 | 3s | 6s | 9s | 12s |
| Steel pipe A raises temperature | 0 | 2 | 4.2 | 6.5 | 9 |
| Steel pipe B raises temperature | 0 | 1.5 | 3.2 | 4.8 | 6.5 |
Data are depicted as heat-transfer character curve map in table, as shown in figure 4, abscissa represents interval time, ordinate is represented
Temperature measuring point temperature increase.As can be seen from the figure weldment steel pipe B, detects that the temperature rise of temperature measuring point substantially compares weldment
Steel pipe A is slow.Tension experiment is carried out to weldment steel pipe A, destruction value of thrust is 370kN, meets design requirement, to weldment steel pipe
B carries out tension experiment, destroys value of thrust only 289kN, does not meet design requirement, illustrates that weldment steel pipe B welding qualities are present and asks
Topic.
Finally illustrate, preferred embodiment above is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention and unrestricted, although logical
Cross above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood by those skilled in the art that can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction, it is characterised in that：The heat transfer side
Journey is Fourier's equation of heat conduction, such as following formula：
In formula：Δ Q is conduction heat, and λ is thermal conductivity factor,Rate of temperature change in the x-direction is represented, Δ s is heat transfer section
Product, Δ t is heat transfer time；
Weldment welding quality detection method of the same race based on the equation of heat conduction comprises the following steps：
Step one, for batch weldment of the same race, after it is cooled to room temperature, N number of weldment is chosen, is welded in N number of weldment
The side of seam is using thermal source is stablized to weldment application heat energy, while the opposite side in weld seam sets temperature measuring point, at interval of the time
Δ t1, surveys the once temperature measuring point temperature, calculates lift-off value of the temperature measuring point temperature with respect to room temperature, and record；
Step 2, carries out mechanical stretch experiment to judge whether welding quality is qualified for the N number of weldment chosen in step one,
For meeting the weldment of design minimum requirements as standard component, lift-off value Δ T1 work of the temperature measuring point with respect to room temperature in its step one
For standard value；
Step 3, weldment to be detected is cooled to after room temperature, and thermal source pair identical with step one is used in the side of its weld seam
Weldment applies heat energy, while the opposite side in weld seam sets temperature measuring point, and control thermal source and temperature measuring point are on weldment
Position is identical with step one, at interval of time Δ t1, surveys the once temperature measuring point temperature, calculates the temperature measuring point temperature with respect to room
The lift-off value Δ T2 of temperature, and record；
Step 4, by the temperature increase Δ T2 recorded in step 3 and the temperature increase Δ T1 ratios of step 2 Plays part
Compared with Δ T2 is equal to Δ T1, judges that welding quality is qualified, and Δ T2 is less than Δ T1, judges that welding quality is unqualified.
2. the weldment welding quality detection method of the same race according to claim 1 based on the equation of heat conduction, its feature exists
In：The thermal source is vertical with axis of a weld with the line of temperature measuring point.
3. the weldment welding quality detection method of the same race according to claim 1 or 2 based on the equation of heat conduction, its feature
It is：The distance of the temperature measuring point to axis of a weld is more than thermal source to the distance of axis of a weld.
4. the weldment welding quality detection method of the same race according to claim 3 based on the equation of heat conduction, its feature exists
In：Light irradiation weldment is irradiated using laser in step one and step 3, heat energy is applied to weldment.
5. the weldment welding quality detection method of the same race according to claim 4 based on the equation of heat conduction, its feature exists
In：Interval time Δ t1 is 3 seconds in step one and step 3.
6. the weldment welding quality detection method of the same race according to claim 5 based on the equation of heat conduction, its feature exists
In：Temperature measuring point temperature is measured using contact type thermometric indicator or infrared thermometer in step one and step 3.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000131254A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-12 | Harness Syst Tech Res Ltd | Nondestructive inspecting method for welded part |
| CN101813638A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-25 | 华中科技大学 | Method and device for detecting welding point defect of chip on line |
| CN103383358A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dot-matrix type heat conduction temperature measurement nondestructive crack detection method |
| US20140095096A1 (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2014-04-03 | Edison Welding Institute, Inc. | Non-destructive thermographic weld inspection |
| CN105945444A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Real-time monitoring method and system for incomplete welding |
-
2017
- 2017-05-03 CN CN201710303998.6A patent/CN106990135A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000131254A (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2000-05-12 | Harness Syst Tech Res Ltd | Nondestructive inspecting method for welded part |
| CN101813638A (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2010-08-25 | 华中科技大学 | Method and device for detecting welding point defect of chip on line |
| US20140095096A1 (en) * | 2012-10-03 | 2014-04-03 | Edison Welding Institute, Inc. | Non-destructive thermographic weld inspection |
| CN103383358A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-11-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dot-matrix type heat conduction temperature measurement nondestructive crack detection method |
| CN105945444A (en) * | 2016-06-29 | 2016-09-21 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Real-time monitoring method and system for incomplete welding |
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