CN106990114A - Increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method and increasing material manufacturing device - Google Patents
Increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method and increasing material manufacturing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106990114A CN106990114A CN201710418485.XA CN201710418485A CN106990114A CN 106990114 A CN106990114 A CN 106990114A CN 201710418485 A CN201710418485 A CN 201710418485A CN 106990114 A CN106990114 A CN 106990114A
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
- G01N23/203—Measuring back scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by measuring secondary emission from the material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention belongs to material increasing field, a kind of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method is disclosed, including：At least in preheating and/or melting stage, visible images and/or infrared view are obtained by image capturing device, and electronic imaging image is obtained by electronic imaging apparatus；It will be seen that light image and/or infrared view individually or after merging are contrasted with electronic imaging image with standard picture, when having differences, it is determined that preheating and/or melting stage existing defects.The invention also discloses a kind of increasing material manufacturing device, including working chamber, image capturing device and electronic imaging apparatus.The present invention obtains visible images and/or infrared view by image capturing device, and electronic imaging image is obtained by electronic imaging apparatus, and individually or after fusion with standard picture contrast, defect can be judged whether according to comparing result, detection is accurate and does not easily cause flase drop or missing inspection, and avoids the problem of defects detection of existing defects detection presence is delayed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increases material manufacturing technology field, more particularly to a kind of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method and increasing material manufacturing
Device.
Background technology
Increasing material manufacturing (3D printing) is a kind of to build three-dimensional body by continuously fusing the material of more than one thin layer
Manufacturing technology.Powder bed increasing material manufacturing is one kind of increases material manufacturing technology route, and its basic processing step is as follows：Powder supplies
Dusty material is transformed into thin layer on workbench upper berth with the system of paving, the beam (laser or electron beam) of high-energy-density exists
A section of three-dimensional body is scanned on powder thin layer；Afterwards, workbench declines the distance of a powder thickness of thin layer, in work
Make the new powder in one layer of platform upper berth, next section of ray scanning three-dimensional body；Above step is repeated, until the three-dimensional article
Body manufacture is completed.
The most of ability without detection defect of current powder bed increasing material manufacturing equipment, is beaten using a variety of detection means
The defect of cross section information, prediction or detection forming process is printed, the adjustment for instructing forming process technological parameter, is increasing material manufacturing
One of direction of development.
One kind is provided in the prior art using cameras capture visible images or catches infrared view, and by continuous
Multilayer is contrasted, the method to confirm defect.The limitation of this method is, can only carry out image by this detection means of camera
Catch, and need the contrast by front and rear multilayer just to detect defect, detection method is more single, result in the need for carrying out multilayer
Shaping just can confirm that defect, cause the problem of existing defects detection is delayed, while the image information that same detection method is obtained is held
Flase drop or missing inspection are easily caused, so as to cause unnecessary technique adjustment or the stopping even shaping.
The content of the invention
It is existing to solve it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method and increasing material manufacturing device
Defects detection is present during increasing material manufacturing defects detection is delayed, image information that is obtaining easily causes asking for flase drop or missing inspection
Topic.
For up to this purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method, including：
At least in preheating and/or melting stage, visible images and/or infrared line chart are obtained by image capturing device
Picture, and electronic imaging image is obtained by electronic imaging apparatus；
It will be seen that light image and/or infrared view with electronic imaging image individually or after merge with standard picture progress pair
Than when having differences, it is determined that preheating and/or melting stage existing defects.
Preferably, also including：
In preheating and/or melting stage existing defects, the type of the defect and the serious journey of the defect are determined
Degree；
Whether increasing material manufacturing can continue to according to the extent of disease severity of the type of the defect and/or the defect.
Preferably, whether the extent of disease severity of the type according to the defect and/or the defect can be after
Continuous increasing material manufacturing includes：
The order of severity for being not suitable for continuing increasing material manufacturing or the defect in the type of the defect exceeds predeterminable level
When, it is impossible to continue increasing material manufacturing；
It can continue the order of severity of increasing material manufacturing and/or the defect without departing from predeterminable level in the type of the defect
When, it can continue to increasing material manufacturing.
Preferably, including：
When can continue to increasing material manufacturing, adjustment preheating and/or in the melting stage when previous or next technological parameter, with
Reduce or repair the defect.
Preferably, also including：
The visible images repeatedly obtained and/or infrared view and electronic imaging image are continuously contrasted, judges described
Whether defect reduces or repairs.
Preferably, the standard picture is：The standard interface shape generated by the slice of data of three-dimensional object model
Image, the Energy distribution image and component distributing image or the standard interface either obtained by numerical simulation software
The fusion of imaging image formed after shape image, Energy distribution image and component distributing image co-registration.
The present invention also provides a kind of increasing material manufacturing device, including working chamber, the image inside or outside working chamber
Filming apparatus, the electronic imaging apparatus inside or outside working chamber, and it is connected to described image filming apparatus and electricity
The control device of sub- imaging device, described image filming apparatus be used to obtaining in preheating and/or melting stage visible images and/
Or infrared view, the electronic imaging apparatus in preheating and/or melting stage for obtaining electronic imaging image.
Preferably, described image filming apparatus is the camera or camera for being connected to the control device.
Preferably, when described image filming apparatus is camera, the camera can shoot visible ray by changing optical filter
Image and infrared view.
Preferably, the electronic imaging apparatus includes electronic collection device and is connected to the electronic collection device
Signal processing apparatus, wherein：
The electronic collection device is connected to the control device, the electricity for gathering preheating and/or melting stage generation
Subsignal, and the electronic signal is sent to the signal processing apparatus；
The signal processing apparatus is connected to the control device, is sent for receiving and handling the electronic collection device
Electronic signal, and result is sent to the control device, electronic imaging image is formed by the control device.
The present invention obtains visible images and/or infrared view by image capturing device, and is filled by electronic imaging
Acquisition electronic imaging image is put, and individually or after fusion with standard picture is contrasted, can be judged whether according to comparing result
Defect, detection is accurate and does not easily cause flase drop or missing inspection, and avoids that defects detection that existing defects detection is present is delayed to ask
Topic.
And the generation of defect according to the timely adjusting process parameter of defect, can be reduced or the defect produced is repaiied
It is multiple, add the yields of forming process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method Plays image of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that visible images and electronic imaging image melt after pre-heating scan in increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method of the present invention
The schematic diagram of fusion of imaging image after conjunction；
Fig. 4 is being fused into after visible images and infrared view fusion in increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method of the present invention
As the schematic diagram of image；
Fig. 5 is that the secondary electron image that electronic imaging image is obtained in increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method of the present invention and the back of the body dissipate
The schematic diagram of fusion of imaging image after the fusion of radio subgraph；
Fig. 6 is visible images, infrared view and electronic imaging figure in increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method of the present invention
As the schematic diagram of the fusion of imaging image after fusion；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation that increasing material manufacturing of the present invention lacks device.
In figure：
1st, working chamber；2nd, hopper；3rd, powder receives box；4th, powdering platform；5th, formation cylinder；6th, piston；7th, scraper；8th, ray
Generator；9th, image capturing device；10th, electronic imaging apparatus.
Embodiment
Further illustrate technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment.
The present invention provides a kind of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method, as shown in figure 1, the increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method bag
Include following steps：
S10, at least in preheating and/or melting stage, pass through image capturing device and obtain visible images and/or infrared ray
Image, and electronic imaging image is obtained by electronic imaging apparatus.
I.e. dusty material is paved on the formation cylinder of increasing material manufacturing device after powder thin layer, thin to the powder by electron beam
Layer is preheated and melted.
In warm-up phase, during electron beam starts pre-heating scan to the powder thin layer, electron beam is acted on powder
After can produce the e-mails such as secondary electron, auger electrons, characteristic X-ray and continuous spectrum X-ray, backscattered electron, transmitted electron
Number, above-mentioned electronic signal can be gathered by electronic imaging apparatus, the electronic imaging figure corresponding to above-mentioned each electronic signal is obtained
Picture.
In the present embodiment, electron beam can carry out multiple pre-heating scan, therefore electronics to powder thin layer in above-mentioned warm-up phase
Imaging device can continuous acquisition or collection preheating at the end of last time pre-heating scan electronic signal, to obtain electronic imaging
Image.By above-mentioned electronic imaging image, the forming information of current powder thin layer is resulted in, for example, passes through secondary electron image
The electronic imaging image of gained results in the topographical information of current powder thin layer, the electronics as obtained by backscattered electron image
Image results in the composition information of current powder thin layer.By that analogy, the electronics corresponding to above-mentioned each electronic signal into
As image results in the corresponding information of current powder thin layer.
Above-mentioned electron beam to the powder thin layer pre-heating scan once at the end of, can pass through image capturing device shoot obtain
Visible images and infrared view, specifically, above-mentioned image capturing device can be camera or camera, the present embodiment
Middle selection camera, and the camera can obtain visible images and infrared view by way of changing optical filter.This implementation
In example, the topographical information of current powder thin layer is resulted in by above-mentioned visible images, is resulted in by infrared view
The heat distributed intelligence of current powder thin layer.
The present embodiment can also produce electron-hole pair, lattice vibration (phonon), electronics and shake during increasing material manufacturing
Swing multi-signals such as (plasmas), these signals may be used to image capturing device or electronic imaging apparatus imaging, with
In the detection to forming defects.
In the melting stage, electron beam melts to powder thin layer, while the collection of above-mentioned electronic imaging apparatus is above-mentioned each
Electronic signal, obtains the electronic imaging image corresponding to above-mentioned each electronic signal.When melting completion, electronic imaging apparatus collection
Terminate, now image capturing device, which starts to shoot, obtains visible images and infrared view.
In the present embodiment, above-mentioned visible images, infrared view and electronic imaging can also be carried out in other stages
The acquisition of image, to obtain the forming information of other stage powder thin layers.
S20, it will be seen that light image and/or infrared view and electronic imaging image are independent or enter with standard picture after merging
Row contrast, when having differences, it is determined that preheating and/or melting stage existing defects.
I.e.：, can be by can after step S10 obtains above-mentioned visible images, infrared view and electronic imaging image
See that light image, infrared view and electronic imaging image and corresponding standard picture are contrasted, wherein above-mentioned visible
Standard picture corresponding to light image and infrared view is standard circle generated by the slice of data of three-dimensional object model
Face shape image, the standard picture corresponding to above-mentioned electronic imaging image is the energy profile obtained by numerical simulation software
Picture and component distributing image.
It can also will be seen that at least two fusions in light image, infrared view and electronic imaging image three are formed
Fusion of imaging image, fusion of imaging image and corresponding standard picture are contrasted, and now standard picture is standard circle
The image formed after face shape image, Energy distribution image and component distributing image co-registration.
By above-mentioned visible images, infrared view, electronic imaging image and at least two fusion of imaging image
In the contrast of at least one and corresponding standard picture after, you can judge warm-up phase or melting stage with the presence or absence of scarce
Fall into.Specifically, in contrast, if visible images, infrared view, electronic imaging image and at least two are fused into
As being had differences between image and corresponding standard picture, then represent in warm-up phase or melting stage in the presence of scarce
Fall into.
In the present embodiment, can also by it is above-mentioned by above-mentioned visible images, infrared view, electronic imaging image and
At least two fusion of imaging image is contrasted with corresponding standard picture respectively, then can be according to occurring in multiple contrasts
Difference accurately determines warm-up phase or melting stage existing defects.For example, passing through visible images and corresponding mark
After quasi- image comparison, there can be varying topography, after now electronic imaging image and corresponding standard picture are contrasted, display that
There is varying topography, then can determine to certainly exist pattern defect in warm-up phase or melting stage.
It is pointed out that when above-mentioned difference exceedes setting difference, now illustrating in warm-up phase or fusing
Stage existing defects.And above-mentioned difference not less than setting difference when, then illustrate do not have in warm-up phase or melting stage
There are existing defects.
The defect type occurred during usual increasing material manufacturing includes but is not limited to following several：Powder thin layer sprawls inequality
It is even or lack powder, after the fusing of powder thin layer pattern rise and fall cause be recessed, it is raised, melting range extension or it is not enough cause it is molten
Change cross sectional shape change, local temperature overheat or the too low material ablation caused of temperature, molten powder, material composition change etc..
And typically have but be not limited to the reason for produce drawbacks described above：The sprawling of dusty material, the property of powder particle, powdered ingredients, electricity
The power of beamlet, line size, sweep speed, the factor such as beam spot shape size.
In this step, the acquisition of above-mentioned visible images, infrared view and electronic imaging image is not fixed on certain
One step, but can adjust according to demand, if for example, only check profile defects, can be thin in fusing current layer powder
After the profile of layer, detection process is increased before melting contoured interior region；If powder laying can save powder without checking
Detection process of end laying defect etc..
S30, in preheating and/or melting stage existing defects, determine the type of defect and the order of severity of defect, and
Whether increasing material manufacturing can continue to according to the extent of disease severity of the type of defect and/or defect.
When it is determined that in warm-up phase or melting stage existing defects, now needing to the particular type of defect and tight
Degree is determined again, the forming information obtained by visible images, infrared view, electronic imaging image, you can obtain
The type of drawbacks described above is obtained, the type of some of which defect can influence whole increasing material manufacturing process, it is therefore desirable to stop increasing material system
Make.And the type of some defects does not interfere with whole increasing material manufacturing process, it can now continue increasing material manufacturing.
Whether increasing material manufacturing can also be can continue to according to the extent of disease severity of defect simultaneously, when the order of severity of defect
During beyond predeterminable level, it is impossible to continue increasing material manufacturing, when the order of severity of defect is without departing from predeterminable level, it can continue to increase material
Manufacture.Above-mentioned predeterminable level is the greatest drawback degree for continuing increasing material manufacturing obtained during multiple increasing material manufacturing is tested.
In the present embodiment, it is to be understood that the order of severity of the type of defect and defect can also be combined and come
Determine whether to can continue to increasing material manufacturing.
S40, when can continue to increasing material manufacturing, adjustment preheating and/or in the melting stage when previous or next technique is joined
Number, to reduce or repair the defect.
In this step S30, while the type of drawbacks described above is obtained, the position of defect can also be obtained, when can
When continuing increasing material manufacturing, type that can be according to drawbacks described above and the position of defect, to adjust warm-up phase or melting stage
In when previous or next technological parameter, to reduce or repair drawbacks described above.For example：Iting is found that powder laying is not enough then next
Corresponding increase powder conveying capacity during secondary laying part powder thin layer, it is ensured that the laying of powder thin layer is uniform；As in heat concentrated position
Defect area reduces corresponding heat input or accelerates sweep speed, reduces pattern and rises and falls or composition ablation；It is such as not enough in fusing
Defect area increase heat input etc. technique adjustment method, come ensure stable formation and meanwhile reduce in addition repair defect.
In the present embodiment, by above-mentioned steps S10-S40, it can effectively and accurately detect and deposit during increasing material manufacturing
Defect, and the defect can reduce or even repaired, detection is accurate and does not easily cause flase drop or missing inspection, and avoids
The problem of defects detection that existing defects detection is present is delayed.
Above-mentioned detection process is exemplified below, it is specific as follows：
Example 1：Fig. 2 is can refer to, Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of above-mentioned standard picture, now it is shown current unprocessed
The compares figure picture of powder thin layer does not scrape the visible images before powder.Fig. 3 be the visible images that are obtained after pre-heating scan and
Fusion of imaging image after electronic imaging image co-registration, from figure 3, it can be seen that because the laying of powder thin layer is uneven, can lead
Causing bottom right side to have no, powder is covered or powder covering is less, then, it is seen that light image may recognize that two regions, a part of powder
Thicker bisque, a part of relatively thin bisque, but print area can be not necessarily identified, it can then be recognized by electronic imaging apparatus
Go out print area, it will be seen that light image and electronic imaging image co-registration, then can obtain clearly bisque and be distributed and printed
The image in region, is then contrasted with Fig. 2, then discovery powdering defect that can be apparent, then can be according to the paving of discovery
Powder defect carries out parameter adjustment, and in lower floor's powder thin layer pre-heating scan, above-mentioned powdering defect then can be reduced or repair.
Example 2：In the citing, Fig. 4 is the signal of the fusion of imaging image after visible images and infrared view fusion
Figure, it contains pattern and heat distributed intelligence；Fig. 5 is the secondary electron image that electronic imaging image is obtained and backscattered electron figure
As the schematic diagram of the fusion of imaging image after fusion, it contains pattern and component distributing information；Fig. 6 is visible images, infrared
The schematic diagram of fusion of imaging image after line image and electronic imaging image co-registration, it comprises pattern, heat distribution, composition
The much informations such as distribution.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 can be contrasted with Fig. 2 respectively, now display there are in pattern defect B, Fig. 5 in Fig. 4
Pattern defect B has been displayed that, then can accurately judge that current powder thin layer has pattern defect.
The region heat distribution concentration in composition defect A, Fig. 4 is also for example shown in Figure 5 (region is blackened in figure, i.e.,
At end shown in Fig. 4 and actuated position), then it may determine that depositing current preceding powder thin layer has composition defect.If now can be with
Judge that the position there is also pattern defect, then can affirm that defect occurs in the position, the reason for it occurs may concentrate for heat and make
Pattern rises and falls caused by into composition ablation.
The present embodiment can also be contrasted directly by Fig. 6 and Fig. 2, determine above-mentioned pattern defect A and composition defect B.
After it is determined that there is above-mentioned pattern defect A and composition defect B, thus it is possible to vary powder conveying capacity and in heat collection
The defect area of middle position reduces corresponding heat input or accelerates sweep speed, to reduce or repair pattern defect A；Current
Carry out increaseing or decreasing heat to reduce or repair composition defect B in layer or next layer of increasing material manufacturing.
It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the visible images and/or infrared line chart repeatedly obtained can also be contrasted
Picture and electronic imaging image, judge whether the defect existed reduces or repair, supplementary defect detection deterministic process.
In the present embodiment, during the increasing material manufacturing of every layer of powder thin layer, above-mentioned visible images, the infrared ray of acquisition
Image and electronic imaging image can not also adjust warm-up phase or in the melting stage when previous or next technological parameter, can
So that after whole increasing material manufacturing process terminates, the manufacturing process to 3D solid carries out global analysis, to treat to be increased next time
Material directly carries out technique adjustment when manufacturing.
The present invention also provides a kind of increasing material manufacturing device, as shown in fig. 7, the increasing material manufacturing device includes working chamber 1, hopper
2nd, powder receives box 3, powdering platform 4, formation cylinder 5, piston 6, scraper 7, ray generator 8, image capturing device 9 and electronics
Imaging device 10, wherein：
Two hoppers 2 are provided with working chamber 1, in hopper 2 built with dusty material, are provided with below two hoppers 2
Powder receives box 3, for receiving the powder in two hoppers 2.The lower section for receiving box 3 in powder is provided with powdering platform 4, and powder connects
The dusty material received in box 3 is transported on powdering platform 4.It is provided with formation cylinder 5, the formation cylinder 5 and is provided with powdering platform 4
The piston 6 that can be moved up and down.Moveable scraper 7 is provided with the top of powdering platform 4, the scraper 7 at least has horizontal direction
Freedom of motion, it can scrape the dusty material on powdering platform 4 to the piston 6 of formation cylinder 5, form powder thin layer.
In the present embodiment, identical dusty material can be put into above-mentioned two hopper 2, different powder can also be put into
Material, and received by powder after the mixing of box 3, it is delivered on powdering platform 4.
Ray generator 8 is provided with working chamber 1, it can produce electron beam, specifically, the accelerating potential of the electron beam
For 60kV, power maximum 3kW.Working chamber 1 maintains 0.001-1Pa pressure by pumping equipment.Dusty material can be
Simple metal or metal alloy, such as titanium alloy, titanium, aluminium alloy, aluminium, titanium-aluminium alloy, stainless steel, Co-Cr alloys, powder diameter model
Enclose 10-150 microns.
It is internal or external provided with image capturing device 9 and electronic imaging apparatus 10, the image capturing device in working chamber 1
9 and electronic imaging apparatus 10 be all connected to control device (not shown), the control device can be computer, above-mentioned figure
As filming apparatus 9 is used to obtain visible images and/or infrared view, electronic imaging apparatus in preheating and/or melting stage
10 are used to obtain electronic imaging image in preheating and/or melting stage.
Specifically, above-mentioned image capturing device 9 is the camera or camera for being connected to control device, it is excellent in the present embodiment
Choosing for camera, it can shoot visible images and infrared view by changing optical filter.
Above-mentioned electronic imaging apparatus 10 includes electronic collection device (not shown) and is connected to the electron collection
The signal processing apparatus (not shown) of device, wherein electronic collection device is connected to control device, for gather preheating and/
Or the electronic signal that the melting stage produces, and electronic signal is sent to the signal processing apparatus, specific electronic signal exists
It is stated that repeating no more in above-mentioned increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method.Said signal processing device is connected to control device, uses
In receiving and handle the electronic signal that the electronic collection device is sent, and result is sent to control device, by controlling
Device formation electronic imaging image.
When carrying out the printing manufacture of three-dimensional body, first, by the model storage of three-dimensional body in a computer, model exists
It is layered in computer, and obtains each layer of machining information.The manufacture of three-dimensional body is carried out in working chamber 1, and powder is received
Dusty material in two hoppers 2 is mixed and is delivered on powdering platform 4 by box 3, and scraper 7 will in the top of piston 6 of formation cylinder 5
Dusty material sprawls stratification, and producing electron beam by ray generator 8 afterwards is preheated and melted to powder thin layer, until
First layer powder thin layer is completely melt；First layer is completed after fusing, and powder receives box 3 and conveys powder on powdering platform 4 again
Powder is sprawled straticulation by material, scraper 7 in the top of piston 6 of formation cylinder 5, is formed second layer powder thin layer, is sent out by ray
Raw device 8 produces electron beam and powder thin layer is preheated and melted, until second layer powder thin layer is completely melt ... so
Circulation, 3D solid is built by more than two layers of powder thin layer of Continuous maching.
In above-mentioned preheating and fusion process, visible images and/or infrared ray can be obtained by image capturing device 9
Image, electronic imaging image is obtained by electronic imaging apparatus 10, and by above-mentioned visible images and infrared view and
Electronic imaging image, and individually or after fusion with standard picture contrast, defect can be judged whether according to comparing result, is examined
Survey accurate and do not easily cause flase drop or missing inspection, and avoid the problem of defects detection of existing defects detection presence is delayed.
And the generation of defect according to the timely adjusting process parameter of defect, can be reduced or the defect produced is repaiied
It is multiple, add the yields of forming process.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is just for the sake of clear explanation example of the present invention, and is not pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other changes in different forms.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of invention etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention
Protection domain within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method, it is characterised in that including：
At least in preheating and/or melting stage, visible images and/or infrared view are obtained by image capturing device, and
Electronic imaging image is obtained by electronic imaging apparatus；
It will be seen that light image and/or infrared view individually or after merging are contrasted with electronic imaging image with standard picture,
When having differences, it is determined that preheating and/or melting stage existing defects.
2. increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：
In preheating and/or melting stage existing defects, the type of the defect and the order of severity of the defect are determined；
Whether increasing material manufacturing can continue to according to the extent of disease severity of the type of the defect and/or the defect.
3. increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the class according to the defect
Whether the extent of disease severity of type and/or the defect, which can continue to increasing material manufacturing, includes：
When the type of the defect is not suitable for continuing the order of severity of increasing material manufacturing or the defect beyond predeterminable level, no
It can continue to increasing material manufacturing；
When the type of the defect can continue the order of severity of increasing material manufacturing and/or the defect without departing from predeterminable level,
It can continue to increasing material manufacturing.
4. increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also include：
When can continue to increasing material manufacturing, adjustment is preheated and/or in the melting stage when previous or next technological parameter, to reduce
Or repair the defect.
5. increasing material manufacturing defect inspection method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that also include：
The visible images repeatedly obtained and/or infrared view and electronic imaging image are continuously contrasted, the defect is judged
Whether reduce or repair.
6. according to any described increasing material manufacturing defect inspection methods of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the standard picture
For：The standard interface shape image generated by the slice of data of three-dimensional object model, or obtained by numerical simulation software
Energy distribution image and component distributing image, or the standard interface shape image, Energy distribution image and composition
The fusion of imaging image formed after distributed image fusion.
7. a kind of increasing material manufacturing device, it is characterised in that including working chamber, the image taking inside or outside working chamber
Device, the electronic imaging apparatus inside or outside working chamber, and be connected to described image filming apparatus and electronics into
As the control device of device, described image filming apparatus is used to obtain visible images and/or red in preheating and/or melting stage
Outer line image, the electronic imaging apparatus is used to obtain electronic imaging image in preheating and/or melting stage.
8. increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described image filming apparatus is described to be connected to
The camera or camera of control device.
9. increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that when described image filming apparatus is camera, institute
Visible images and infrared view can be shot by changing optical filter by stating camera.
10. increasing material manufacturing device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the electronic imaging apparatus is adopted including electronics
Acquisition means and the signal processing apparatus for being connected to the electronic collection device, wherein：
The electronic collection device is connected to the control device, the e-mail for gathering preheating and/or melting stage generation
Number, and the electronic signal is sent to the signal processing apparatus；
The signal processing apparatus is connected to the control device, for receiving and handling the electricity that the electronic collection device is sent
Subsignal, and result is sent to the control device, electronic imaging image is formed by the control device.
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