CN106989892A - Continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device - Google Patents
Continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106989892A CN106989892A CN201710353847.1A CN201710353847A CN106989892A CN 106989892 A CN106989892 A CN 106989892A CN 201710353847 A CN201710353847 A CN 201710353847A CN 106989892 A CN106989892 A CN 106989892A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0337—Granular
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/013—Single phase liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0192—Propulsion of the fluid by using a working fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
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- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, it is made up of liquid nitrogen storage tank and exterior line, liquid nitrogen storage tank total measurement (volume) meets the liquid nitrogen flow demand under continuous high-speed wind-tunnel steady running condition, while meeting the amount of liquid nitrogen demand of consumption needed for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel set-up procedure and transient process；Exterior line is constituted by combined charge-filling system, from pressure charging system, storage tank security system, storage tank air supply system, instrument monitoring system；Combined charge-filling system is used for the liquid make-up into storage tank；It is used for main line cleaning, precooling and filling from pressure charging system；Storage tank security system is used to ensure that inner pressurd vessel is not destroyed because of superpressure；Storage tank air supply system is used to be connected with outside vaporizer and cryogenic pump；Instrument monitoring system is used to coordinate with the liquid level table of comparisons on liquid nitrogen storage tank, realizes the real-time monitoring to liquid nitrogen level in storage tank.The present invention provides support to build up China's first set continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically that one kind is used for continuous high-speed wind the present invention relates to cryogenic liquid storage and the design field of transport system
The liquid nitrogen storage device of hole cooling system.
Background technology
Reynolds number is the important similar parameter of wind tunnel experiment simulated flight device practical flying ability.In theory,
Wind tunnel experiment is simulated real state of flight completely, wind tunnel experiment and the Reynolds number of practical flight is kept one
Cause.However, due to being limited by factors such as moulded dimension, wind-tunnel power-equipment, energy resource systems, current wind tunnel experiment Reynolds
Number is also difficult to reach actual flight Reynolds number.The difference of experiment Reynolds number and flight Reynolds number can cause experiment gained boundary layer
Turn to twist, separation point position, shock-wave spot, the aerodynamic characteristic such as intensity form notable difference with actual flight state, as a result make experiment number
According to engineering application value substantially reduce, in some cases even can not use.Therefore, high (change) Reynolds number wind-tunnel pair is developed
The development of China's Aviation Industry and science and techniques of defence has its own strategic significance and engineering application value.
Continuous high-speed wind-tunnel is that the reverse-flow type high-speed air being continuously long-running driven by axial flow compressor is moved
Mechanics experiment platform, its flow field quality and conventional efficient are far above conventional intermittent wind tunnel.But due to continuous high-speed wind-tunnel by
Heavy-duty motor drives, and is limited by energy resource system, and its experimental section Reynolds number still has certain gap with practical flight Reynolds number, no
The demand of fighter plane and large high-speed civil aircraft model experiment can be met well.Reynolds number is by fluid density, temperature, speed and mould
Molded dimension determines that fluid velocity and moulded dimension are restricted not malleable by wind-tunnel inherent condition, and cooling can increase fluid density,
Reduce viscosity, be that a kind of improve tests Reynolds number effective way.Therefore, in order to further widen the experiment Reynolds of the wind-tunnel
Number scope, for the design feature and operational mode of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel, is not changing experimental section size, fluid media (medium) and pressure
In the case of power, by way of spraying liquid nitrogen, using the gasification endothermic effect of liquid nitrogen, the drop of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel can be achieved
Temperature operation, so as to reach the purpose for improving experiment Reynolds number.
It is, in principle, that cooling system can use driven compressor refrigerant conventional refrigerant scheme, with liquid nitrogen substitute it is cold
But the cycle heat exchange scheme and liquid nitrogen of water are injected directly into cooling profiles.Conventional refrigerant system investment is larger, in continuous high-speed wind
It is difficult to realize in hole；Influenceed by the existing design of heat exchanger of wind-tunnel and manufacture craft, liquid nitrogen recycle scheme has certain technology
Risk, and its refrigerating capacity is larger, Gao Zehui does not cause the waste of the energy to utilization rate.Liquid nitrogen, which is injected directly into cooling profiles, following spy
Point：1) technology maturation：Liquid nitrogen sprays into direct cooling method and has been successfully applied to include research, type of production, low speed and height
In domestic and international many conventional intermittent wind tunnels including fast wind-tunnel, there is more ripe design and use specification to follow；2) equipment
Investment is less：It is clearance-type work system that liquid nitrogen, which sprays into system, it is not necessary to powerful controller switching equipment and refrigeration system, Ke Yi great
Amount saves fixing equipment investment；3) refrigerating capacity is big and temperature range is wide, and liquid nitrogen sprays into pressure easily in regulated in wider range；4)
Space-consuming is smaller, and cost of upkeep is low, no to need substantial amounts of line service.Therefore, the cooling being injected directly into for liquid nitrogen
Scheme, can develop a set of liquid nitrogen storage device suitable for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel, to form the low temperature of wind-tunnel cooling system
Gas source condition.
The content of the invention
To realize that the cooling profiles that liquid nitrogen is injected directly into provide support, the present invention is special for the structure of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel
Point and operational mode, propose a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, analyze liquid nitrogen amount of storage and wind
The matching relationship of hole experiment condition, solves the combination irrigation of low temperature liquid nitrogen, is asked from the technology of supercharging, overpressure protection, the discharge of residual night
Topic, forms stable, reliable liquid nitrogen storage and drive condition.
The technical scheme is that：
A kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, it is characterised in that：By liquid nitrogen storage tank and outside
Portion's pipeline composition；
The liquid nitrogen storage tank uses vertical vacuum powder isolation cryogenic liquid tank；Storage tank is by insulation material, inner pressurd vessel, outer
Shell is constituted with vacuum type filter；The total measurement (volume) of liquid nitrogen storage tank meets the liquid nitrogen stream under continuous high-speed wind-tunnel steady running condition
Amount demand, while meeting the amount of liquid nitrogen of consumption needed for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel set-up procedure and transient process；
The exterior line is by combined charge-filling system, from pressure charging system, storage tank security system, storage tank air supply system, instrument
Monitoring system is constituted；
The combined charge-filling system is used for the liquid make-up into storage tank；It is described to be cleaned from pressure charging system for main line, in advance
Cold and filling；The storage tank security system is used to ensure that inner pressurd vessel is not destroyed because of superpressure；The storage tank air supply system be used for
Outside vaporizer and cryogenic pump connection；The instrument monitoring system is used to coordinate with the liquid level table of comparisons on liquid nitrogen storage tank,
Realize the real-time monitoring to liquid nitrogen level in storage tank.
A kind of further preferred scheme, continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, its feature exists
In：Liquid nitrogen flow demand under continuous high-speed wind-tunnel steady running condition is done work by counteracting continuous wind tunnel compressor to air-flow
Liquid nitrogen flow needed for power is determined；Continuous wind tunnel compressor is offset to pass through even the liquid nitrogen flow needed for air-flow working power
Continuous formula flow field calibration of wind tunnel experimental data, which is calculated, to be obtained.
A kind of further preferred scheme, continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, its feature exists
In：The amount of liquid nitrogen of consumption includes the amount of liquid nitrogen that liquid nitrogen storage tank evaporates needed for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel set-up procedure and transient process,
Squeeze the amount of liquid nitrogen for pushing away gas consumption, the amount of liquid nitrogen that pipeline-cleaning, the amount of liquid nitrogen of precooling and filling consumption, transient working condition are consumed.
A kind of further preferred scheme, continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, its feature exists
In：The combined charge-filling system includes top liquid feed valve, bottom liquid inlet valve, residual liquid discharge valve, atmospheric valve and overflow valve；It is described residual
Liquid drain valve is used to exclude the outside debris filled in flexible pipe；It is total that the top liquid feed valve and bottom liquid inlet valve charge liquid nitrogen jointly
The 75% of amount, remaining 25% liquid nitrogen is individually charged by bottom liquid inlet valve；The atmospheric valve is used to adjust admission pressure, makes air inlet pressure
Power remains 0.2MPa.
A kind of further preferred scheme, continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, its feature exists
In：It is described to include supercharging transfer valve, pressure regulator valve, vaporizer, supercharging delivery valve from pressure charging system；It is pressurized transfer valve, pressure regulator valve, vapour
Change device, supercharging delivery valve and connect into loop, supercharging transfer valve and supercharging delivery valve connection liquid nitrogen storage tank；From supercharging delivery valve output
Low temperature liquid nitrogen by vaporizer heat absorption vaporization after, the nitrogen of generation, which is returned to, makes pressure rise in storage tank.
A kind of further preferred scheme, continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, its feature exists
In：The storage tank security system includes two safety valves, two groups of rupture disks, outer barrel explosion-protection equipment, safety dumping selector valves；Wherein
Individual security valve and one group of rupture disk series connection, and it is in parallel with another group of safety valve connected and rupture disk；Selected by safety dumping
Safety valve and rupture disk work that valve selects a set of series connection are selected, the safety valve and rupture disk of another set of series connection are standby；When storage tank pressure
When power is higher than safety valve jumping up pressure, safety valve jumping up exhaust.
A kind of further preferred scheme, continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, its feature exists
In：The storage tank air supply system includes intake valve, pump liquid feed valve, blowback air valve；Intake valve is used to be connected with outside vaporizer,
Pump liquid feed valve, blowback air valve are connected with cryogenic pump feed liquor, gas returning port respectively.
A kind of further preferred scheme, continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, its feature exists
In：The instrument monitoring system by liquid level gauge, pressure gauge, gas valve, liquid phase valve, balanced valve, gas examination valve group into, for
The liquid level table of comparisons on liquid nitrogen storage tank coordinates, and realizes the real-time monitoring to liquid nitrogen level in storage tank.
Beneficial effect
The present invention, by accurately being calculated liquid nitrogen demand, is that continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage tank holds
Product design provides theoretical foundation；Liquid nitrogen storage device is reasonable in design, and liquid nitrogen filling is unobstructed steady, steady from pressure charging system work
Fixed, liquid nitrogen Daily boil-off-rate is low, adiabatic sexual satisfaction low temperature liquid nitrogen memory requirement；Liquid nitrogen storage device and the overall cooling system of wind-tunnel
With good.By the technical program, support is provided to build up China's first set continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become from description of the accompanying drawings below to embodiment is combined
Substantially and be readily appreciated that, wherein：
Accompanying drawing 1 is liquid nitrogen memory device structure figure；
1- insulation materials, 2- inner pressurd vessels, 3- shells, 4- vacuum type filters, 5- exterior lines.
Accompanying drawing 2 is exterior line schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3 is NF-6 continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling systems；
6- wind tunnel noumenons, 7- liquid nitrogen storage devices, 8- supplies air distribution system, 9- control systems, 10- fluid-N2 spraying devices.
Accompanying drawing 4 is the relation curve of liquid nitrogen storage device liquid level, weight and volume.
Accompanying drawing 5 is the Parameters variation during hydrojet nitrogen pull-down test.
Accompanying drawing 6 is the stagnation temperature change during pull-down test.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertical ", " level ", " top ", " bottom ", " interior ", " outer ", " up time
The orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as pin ", " counterclockwise " are, based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, to be for only for ease of
The description present invention and simplified description, rather than indicate or imply that the device or element of meaning must have specific orientation, Yi Te
Fixed azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
The present embodiment is a set of liquid nitrogen storage device for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system.NF-6 wind-tunnel are China
First continuous high-speed wind-tunnel, is also the domestic currently the only one continuous high-speed wind-tunnel put into operation.The wind-tunnel it is total
Body performance reaches domestically leading, international most advanced level.In order to verify the feasibility and beneficial effect of this invention, connected with NF-6
Continuous formula high-speed wind tunnel is implementing platform, for the overall plan and main technical requirements of wind-tunnel cooling system, development and design
The liquid nitrogen storage device of NF-6 continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling systems, and carried out static and ventilation testing results.
NF-6 continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling systems are by wind tunnel noumenon 6, liquid nitrogen storage device 7, for air distribution system 8 and control
System 9 and fluid-N2 spraying device 10 are constituted, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein liquid nitrogen storage device undertakes the irrigation of low temperature liquid nitrogen, increased certainly
Pressure, overpressure protection, discharge of residual night task, so as to provide stable, reliable liquid nitrogen storage and drive condition for wind-tunnel cooling system.
The operation principle and testing results result of system are as follows.
Liquid nitrogen storage device is made up of liquid nitrogen storage tank and exterior line.
Liquid nitrogen storage tank uses vertical vacuum powder isolation cryogenic liquid tank, and storage tank is by insulation material 1, inner pressurd vessel 2, shell
3 constitute with vacuum type filter 4, see Fig. 1.Liquid nitrogen demand includes two aspects in continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling running,
On the one hand it is the liquid nitrogen flow demand under steady running condition, is on the other hand the liquid of consumption needed for set-up procedure and transient process
Nitrogen quantity.So the total measurement (volume) of liquid nitrogen storage tank meets the liquid nitrogen flow demand under continuous high-speed wind-tunnel steady running condition, simultaneously
The amount of liquid nitrogen of consumption needed for meeting continuous high-speed wind-tunnel set-up procedure and transient process.
The amount of liquid nitrogen of consumption includes the liquid that liquid nitrogen storage tank evaporates needed for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel set-up procedure and transient process
Nitrogen quantity, squeezes the amount of liquid nitrogen for pushing away gas consumption, the liquid nitrogen that pipeline-cleaning, the amount of liquid nitrogen of precooling and filling consumption, transient working condition are consumed
Amount, and other losses.The evaporation index of determining of liquid nitrogen storage tank is 1%/day, design storage time 7 days；Squeeze and push away gas cylinder volume and be
3.0m3, actual stowing pressure is by 12MPa calculating (being fills up to 15MPa by 3MPa), and its liquid nitrogen total demand is about 420kg；Liquid nitrogen
Conveying main line total length is that 60m, tubing internal diameter areFilling needed for amount of liquid nitrogen be about 548kg, take pipeline-cleaning and
Amount is identical with pipeline loading the need for precooling, then is similarly 548kg；The run time that can determine that transient working condition is 360s, liquid
Nitrogen flow is the 1/3 of maximum stream flow, then its liquid nitrogen consumption is 1920kg；5% consideration of other losses in an amount.
Liquid nitrogen flow under steady running condition depends primarily on counteracting compressor to the liquid nitrogen needed for air-flow working power
Flow.Offset compressor and acquisition is calculated by flow field calibration of wind tunnel experimental data to the liquid nitrogen flow needed for air-flow working power.
According to temperature lift curves of the air-flow by compressor, the maximum liquid nitrogen flow demand under steady working condition is 16kg/s.
According to above-mentioned result of calculation, if steady-state run time is 90s, then the maximum liquid nitrogen total demand once run is
5641kg, corresponding liquid nitrogen volume is 6.76m3, it is contemplated that diffuser is installed in liquid nitrogen container, liquid nitrogen container charges limitation of coefficient etc.
Factor, actual corresponding tank volume should be 7.76m3, the total measurement (volume) for retaining liquid nitrogen container after some surpluses should be greater than 10m3, according to
The related specifications of low-temperature pressure container, the final total measurement (volume) for determining liquid nitrogen storage tank is 13m3。
So liquid nitrogen storage tank important technological parameters are in the present embodiment：Volume 13m3, maximum working pressure 2.0MPa, work
- 196 DEG C of temperature~50 DEG C, liquid nitrogen Daily boil-off-rate≤1.0%.
Exterior line 5 is by combined charge-filling system, from pressure charging system, storage tank security system, storage tank air supply system, instrument monitoring
The part of system five is constituted, as shown in Figure 2.
The combined charge-filling system is located at the front of storage tank, for the liquid make-up into storage tank, including top liquid feed valve A-
2nd, bottom liquid inlet valve A-1, residual liquid discharge valve A-7, atmospheric valve A-12 and overflow valve A-4.
The residual liquid discharge valve is used to exclude the outside debris filled in flexible pipe；The top liquid feed valve and bottom liquid inlet valve
The 75% of liquid nitrogen total amount is charged jointly, and remaining 25% liquid nitrogen is individually charged by bottom liquid inlet valve；The atmospheric valve be used for adjust into
Atmospheric pressure, makes admission pressure remain 0.2MPa.
Specifically liquid nitrogen filling and pouring method is：
Purging displacement, i.e. air inlet 0.2MPa are carried out before storage tank feed liquor first, pressurize final vacuum in 3 minutes performs above-mentioned steps,
Until atmospheric valve A-12 has frosting.Liquid level gauge, instrument connector are opened simultaneously, purged.Before formal feed liquor, raffinate is first opened
Drain valve, exclusion fills the debris such as air, the moisture in flexible pipe, when frosting occurs in flexible pipe to be filled, opens top liquid feed valve A-2
Feed liquor.In feed liquor, if pressure of storage tank gets too close to feed liquor tank car and (is less than 0.2MPa pressure differences), atmospheric valve A-12 rows can be opened
Gas is depressured.After pressure of storage tank is stable, while opening bottom liquid inlet valve A-1, when feed liquor is to storage tank 3/4, top liquid feed valve is closed
A-2 valves, while opening overflow valve A-4, when overflow valve goes out liquid, close bottom liquid inlet valve A-1, open residual liquid discharge valve A-7, unload
Except filling flexible pipe.
The liquid nitrogen of cooling system, which is transported and sprayed, to be realized by way of high extrusion is pushed away, therefore in order to save to squeeze pushes away gas
The consumption of bottle group mesohigh nitrogen, need pressure inside the tank increased into 0.7 from pressure charging system by storage tank before commencement of commercial operation~
0.8MPa, to complete the cleaning, precooling and filling of main line.It is located at the bottom of storage tank, including supercharging transfer valve from pressure charging system
A-3, pressure regulator valve C-1, vaporizer B-1, supercharging delivery valve A-11.Pressure regulator valve, vaporizer, supercharging delivery valve connect into loop, increase
Press transfer valve and supercharging delivery valve connection liquid nitrogen storage tank；Absorb heat and vaporize by vaporizer from the low temperature liquid nitrogen of supercharging delivery valve output
Afterwards, the nitrogen of generation, which is returned to, makes pressure rise in storage tank.
It is from the specific method of supercharging：Supercharging transfer valve A-3, supercharging delivery valve A-11 valves are opened, pressure regulator valve C-1 is adjusted
Screw tightening (C-1 valves are used for setting storage pressure, tighten set screw, then increase setting pressure, otherwise reduction setting pressure),
Pressure piping and vaporizer start frosting, and this shows that existing low temperature liquid nitrogen passes through in pipeline.Nitrogen after heat absorption vaporization returns to storage
Make pressure rise in tank, at the end of supercharging, booster or pipeline start defrost, now pressure gauge shows pressure setting for C-1 valves
Constant-pressure.If this pressure is unsatisfactory for use requirement, proceed as described above, until reaching pre- supercharging setting value.
The storage tank security system is located on the left of storage tank 90 °, including two safety valve YA-1A/1B, two groups of rupture disk FB-
1A/1B, outer barrel explosion-protection equipment FB-2, safety dumping selector valve A-15；Wherein individual security valve and one group of rupture disk is connected, and with
The safety valve and rupture disk of another group of series connection are in parallel；The safety valve and rupture disk of a set of series connection are selected by safety dumping selector valve
Work, the safety valve and rupture disk of another set of series connection is standby；When pressure of storage tank is higher than safety valve jumping up pressure, safety valve jumping up
Exhaust, it is ensured that inner pressurd vessel will not be destroyed because of superpressure., can also be by opening the reduction of A-12 valves in addition when pressure of storage tank is too high
Pressure of storage tank.
The storage tank air supply system includes intake valve A-13, pump liquid feed valve A-18, blowback air valve A-16；Intake valve be used for
Outside vaporizer connection, pump liquid feed valve, blowback air valve are connected with cryogenic pump feed liquor, gas returning port respectively.
The instrument monitoring system is located at front, the top of combined charge-filling valve, by liquid level gauge L1-1, pressure gauge P1-1 and gas
Phase valve A-8, liquid phase valve A-10, balanced valve A-9, gas examination valve A-19 compositions, by coordinating with the liquid level table of comparisons on storage tank
Use, realize the real-time monitoring of liquid nitrogen level in storage tank.
Above-mentioned liquid nitrogen storage device is tested in the present embodiment：
1) liquid nitrogen storage performance is tested：Before cooling system commencement of commercial operation debugging, the liquid of liquid nitrogen storage device is tested first
Nitrogen is charged and storage performance.Fig. 4 gives liquid nitrogen and charges test result with storage performance, it can be found that tank level and liquid nitrogen
Volume and weight show good linear relationship.Test result shows that storage tank is reasonable with circuit design, and liquid level is shown accurately, pressure
Draught control system is working properly, and design load is can reach from supercharging.
2) liquid nitrogen vaporization rate is tested：The liquid nitrogen vaporization rate of storage device determine liquid nitrogen loss and can storage time, be this
Special test need to be done, the reliability of the present apparatus is had verified that.Test is carried out three times altogether, and according to tank volume, liquid nitrogen is charged every time
10.4m3(equivalent about 8.4t), test shows that pressure rises about 1bar in daily liquid nitrogen storage tank, can be calculated liquid nitrogen Daily boil-off-rate
For 0.044%, far below design objective (1.0%).
Finally, after the completion of liquid nitrogen storage device and other subsystems are built, the ventilation fortune of wind-tunnel cooling system has been carried out
Row uses closed-loop control with test, wind-tunnel stagnation pressure, and arrives stream wind speed is set as M=0.8.Fig. 5 gives its whole pull-down test mistake
The change curve of stagnation temperature, stagnation pressure and Mach number in journey, Fig. 6 gives the situation of change of wind-tunnel stable section stagnation temperature, as seen from the figure：
1) after hydrojet nitrogen, wind-tunnel stagnation pressure and Mach number control are not significantly affected, show that this cooling system is surveyed with wind-tunnel original
Control system is matched somebody with somebody and good；
2) average value of 9 stagnation temperature measuring points of stable section reaches -20 DEG C, and meets | Δ Tφ|≤2K；
3) Mach number deviation is | Δ Ma |≤0.003, and meet σMa≤0.003；
4) average value of stable section stagnation pressure reaches 1.7bar, and its amplitude of variation is met | Δ Pφ/Pφ|≤0.3%；
5) effective time of wind-tunnel cooling operation, more than 90s, reaches design requirement.
Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, one of ordinary skill in the art is not departing from the principle and objective of the present invention
In the case of above-described embodiment can be changed within the scope of the invention, change, replace and modification.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device, it is characterised in that：By liquid nitrogen storage tank and exterior line
Composition；
The liquid nitrogen storage tank uses vertical vacuum powder isolation cryogenic liquid tank；Storage tank by insulation material, inner pressurd vessel, shell with
Vacuum type filter is constituted；The total measurement (volume) of liquid nitrogen storage tank meets the liquid nitrogen flow need under continuous high-speed wind-tunnel steady running condition
Ask, while meeting the amount of liquid nitrogen of consumption needed for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel set-up procedure and transient process；
The exterior line is by combined charge-filling system, from pressure charging system, storage tank security system, storage tank air supply system, instrument monitoring
System is constituted；
The combined charge-filling system is used for the liquid make-up into storage tank；It is described from pressure charging system be used for main line cleaning, precooling and
Filling；The storage tank security system is used to ensure that inner pressurd vessel is not destroyed because of superpressure；The storage tank air supply system is used for and outside
Vaporizer and cryogenic pump connection；The instrument monitoring system is used to coordinate with the liquid level table of comparisons on liquid nitrogen storage tank, realizes
Real-time monitoring to liquid nitrogen level in storage tank.
2. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Continuously
Liquid nitrogen flow demand under formula high-speed wind tunnel steady running condition is by counteracting continuous wind tunnel compressor to air-flow working power institute
The liquid nitrogen flow needed is determined；Offset continuous wind tunnel compressor and continous way wind is passed through to the liquid nitrogen flow needed for air-flow working power
Hole flow field school is surveyed experimental data calculating and obtained.
3. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that：
The amount of liquid nitrogen of consumption includes the amount of liquid nitrogen that liquid nitrogen storage tank evaporates needed for continuous high-speed wind-tunnel set-up procedure and transient process, squeezes and pushes away
The amount of liquid nitrogen of gas consumption, the amount of liquid nitrogen that pipeline-cleaning, the amount of liquid nitrogen of precooling and filling consumption, transient working condition are consumed.
4. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Combined charge-filling system includes top liquid feed valve, bottom liquid inlet valve, residual liquid discharge valve, atmospheric valve and overflow valve；The residual liquid discharge
Valve is used to exclude the outside debris filled in flexible pipe；The top liquid feed valve and bottom liquid inlet valve charge liquid nitrogen total amount jointly
75%, remaining 25% liquid nitrogen is individually charged by bottom liquid inlet valve；The atmospheric valve is used to adjust admission pressure, air inlet pressure is tried hard to keep
Hold as 0.2MPa.
5. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Include supercharging transfer valve, pressure regulator valve, vaporizer, supercharging delivery valve from pressure charging system；It is pressurized transfer valve, pressure regulator valve, vaporizer, increasing
Pressure delivery valve connects into loop, supercharging transfer valve and supercharging delivery valve connection liquid nitrogen storage tank；From the low temperature of supercharging delivery valve output
Liquid nitrogen is after vaporizer heat absorption vaporization, and the nitrogen of generation, which is returned to, makes pressure rise in storage tank.
6. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Storage tank security system includes two safety valves, two groups of rupture disks, outer barrel explosion-protection equipment, safety dumping selector valves；Wherein single peace
Full valve and one group of rupture disk series connection, and it is in parallel with another group of safety valve connected and rupture disk；Selected by safety dumping selector valve
Safety valve and the rupture disk work of a set of series connection are selected, the safety valve and rupture disk of another set of series connection are standby；When pressure of storage tank is higher than
During safety valve jumping up pressure, safety valve jumping up exhaust.
7. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Storage tank air supply system includes intake valve, pump liquid feed valve, blowback air valve；Intake valve is used to be connected with outside vaporizer, pump feed liquor
Valve, blowback air valve are connected with cryogenic pump feed liquor, gas returning port respectively.
8. a kind of continuous high-speed wind-tunnel cooling system liquid nitrogen storage device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Instrument monitoring system is by liquid level gauge, pressure gauge, gas valve, liquid phase valve, balanced valve, gas examination valve group into for being stored up with liquid nitrogen
The liquid level table of comparisons on tank coordinates, and realizes the real-time monitoring to liquid nitrogen level in storage tank.
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| CN118168756A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-06-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Wind tunnel system for directly spraying liquid nitrogen to improve test Reynolds number and cooling operation method thereof |
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| CN118168756A (en) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-06-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Wind tunnel system for directly spraying liquid nitrogen to improve test Reynolds number and cooling operation method thereof |
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