CN106989478B - Isobaric frequency conversion control method and device applied to large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospital - Google Patents
Isobaric frequency conversion control method and device applied to large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospital Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
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- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
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- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for isobaric frequency conversion control of large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s11, acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump; s12, obtaining a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump; s13, adaptively adjusting the flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump to obtain a frequency relation of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump; and S14, monitoring the frequency of the large freezing water pump in real time, and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small freezing water pump according to the frequency relation between the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump. The invention avoids the loss of the pressure head of the water pump or the surging phenomenon of the water pump, prolongs the service life of the water pump, reduces the energy consumption of the water pump and realizes the purposes of cooling and energy saving according to the requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air conditioners, in particular to an isobaric frequency conversion control method and device for large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals.
Background
In 2014, the total energy consumption of the building exceeds 12.5 hundred million tons of standard coal, and accounts for 30 percent of the total social energy consumption. The energy consumption of the central air conditioner accounts for 65% of the total energy consumption of the building, wherein the energy consumption of the refrigeration station accounts for about 70% of the energy consumption of the air conditioning system. Whether the chilled water system can efficiently operate plays an important role in the energy consumption of the air conditioner room, the situation that the traditional chilled water system is connected with the water pumps in parallel generally adopts a power frequency control method or a flow control method such as a large water pump and a small water pump, the loss of a water pump pressure head or the surging phenomenon of the water pump can be caused, the service life of the water pump is shortened, and the energy consumption of the water pump is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an isobaric frequency conversion control method and device for large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the isobaric frequency conversion control method for the parallel chilled water pumps of the hospital size comprises the following steps:
s11, acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump;
s12, combining a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump to obtain a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
s13, adaptively adjusting the flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump based on the fact that the flow of the chilled water pump is in direct proportion to the frequency to obtain the frequency relation of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump;
and S14, monitoring the frequency of the large freezing water pump in real time, and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small freezing water pump according to the frequency relation between the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump.
In the isobaric frequency conversion control method for the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital, according to the present invention, preferably, the step S11 includes:
and obtaining a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump after fitting regression according to performance curves of the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump respectively.
In the isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to the hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps, preferably,
when the air-conditioning refrigerating unit operates, pressure head data and flow data corresponding to the large freezing water pump and the small freezing water pump under more than two working condition points are acquired in real time;
and obtaining a performance curve of the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a performance curve of the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump according to the pressure head data and the flow data corresponding to the more than two working condition points.
In the isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital, preferably, the pressure head data is acquired by adopting a differential pressure sensor at more than two working condition points.
In the isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital, the flow sensors are preferably adopted to collect the flow data under the more than two working condition points.
In the isobaric frequency conversion control method for the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital, according to the present invention, preferably, the step S12 includes:
based on the parallel design the principle that the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump have equal delivery pressure heads is combined with the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump, and the flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump is calculated.
In the isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals, preferably, the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump is as follows:
the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump is as follows:
wherein,
Hbig: indicating operation of large chilled water pumpsA pressure head;
Hsmall: representing the pressure head when the small chilled water pump operates;
Qbig: the flow rate of the large chilled water pump during operation is shown;
Qsmall: indicating the flow rate at which the small chilled water pump was operating.
In the isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital, the flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump is preferably as follows:
in the isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital, the frequency relation between the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump is preferably as follows:
wherein,
fbig: representing the frequency of operation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
fsmall: indicating the frequency at which the small chilled water pump is operating.
The invention also provides a constant-pressure frequency conversion control device for the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals, which comprises the following components:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump;
the first calculation module is used for combining a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump to obtain a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
the second calculation module is used for adaptively adjusting the flow relational expression of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump based on the fact that the flow of the chilled water pump is in direct proportion to the frequency so as to obtain the frequency relational expression of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump;
and the control module is used for monitoring the frequency of the large freezing water pump in real time and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small freezing water pump according to the frequency relation between the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump.
The implementation of the isobaric frequency conversion control method and the isobaric frequency conversion control device applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals has the following beneficial effects: the constant voltage frequency conversion control method comprises the following steps: s11, acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump; s12, obtaining a flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump by combining a linear relation between a pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between a pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump; s13, adaptively adjusting the flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump based on the fact that the flow of the chilled water pump is in direct proportion to the frequency to obtain the frequency relation of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump; and S14, monitoring the frequency of the large freezing water pump in real time, and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small freezing water pump according to the frequency relation between the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump. The invention avoids the loss of the pressure head of the water pump or the surging phenomenon of the water pump, prolongs the service life of the water pump, reduces the energy consumption of the water pump and realizes the purposes of cooling and energy saving according to the requirement.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the isobaric frequency conversion control method of the invention applied to large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the invention applied to isobaric frequency conversion control of large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals;
FIG. 3 is a graph of head versus flow performance for a large chilled water pump in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, it is a schematic flow chart of an isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals according to the present invention; the control method can be applied to the design and operation of a large and small refrigeration main machine and a large and small refrigeration water pump parallel system of a refrigeration system of a hospital refrigeration station. In actual frequency conversion or variable operation, on the premise of keeping the pressure heads of the large and small chilled water pumps equal, the chilled water flow is respectively conveyed according to an operation performance curve to meet the energy utilization requirement of the tail end of the air conditioner load. As shown in fig. 1, the isobaric frequency conversion control method for the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
and S11, acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump.
In the step, a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump can be obtained by fitting regression according to a performance curve of the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump. The method comprises the steps of measuring the pressure head and the flow rate of the large chilled water pump at different working condition points, obtaining corresponding pressure head data and flow rate data, and drawing a performance curve of the pressure head and the flow rate of the large chilled water pump according to the obtained pressure head data and flow rate data. Fig. 3 is a performance graph of head and flow rate of a large chilled water pump according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, the flow rate of a large chilled water pump is measured at 2m respectively3/h、4m3/h、6m3/h、8m3/h、10m3The data of the pressure heads respectively corresponding to the pressure heads under the pressure/h are 48m, 44m, 40m, 36m and 30m, and the performance curve of the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump can be obtained by drawing point connecting lines on the first quadrant according to the obtained data. It can be understood that the pressure head and the flow rate of different types and types of chilled water pumps at different operating points are different, and therefore the performance curves are different. But all canThe performance curve of the pressure head and the flow of the chilled water pump is obtained by adopting the method. Therefore, the performance curve of the pressure head and the flow rate of the small chilled water pump can also be obtained by adopting the mode.
Preferably, in the embodiment, the pressure head data of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump can be acquired by adopting a differential pressure sensor; the flow data of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump can be acquired by adopting a flow sensor.
After performance curves of the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump are obtained respectively, fitting regression is carried out on the performance curves of the pressure head and the flow to obtain respective linear relational expressions, namely the linear relational expression between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and the linear relational expression between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump are obtained respectively. After fitting regression, the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump is as follows:
the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump is as follows:
wherein,
Hbig: representing the pressure head when the large freezing water pump operates;
Hsmall: representing the pressure head when the small chilled water pump operates;
Qbig: the flow rate of the large chilled water pump during operation is shown;
Qsmall: indicating the flow rate at which the small chilled water pump was operating.
And S12, combining a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump to obtain a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump.
According to the parallel design mode of the big and small chilled water pumps in the chilled water system, namely the big chilled water pump and the small chilled water pumpThe freezing water pumps are designed in parallel, so that in order to avoid the phenomenon of water pump pressure head loss or water pump surge, the large freezing water pump and the small freezing water pump are kept equal in conveying pressure head of the large freezing water pump and the small freezing water pump in parallel design, and Hbig＝HsmallOn the basis, a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump are combined to obtain a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump. Namely, the flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump is as follows:
and S13, adaptively adjusting the flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump based on the fact that the flow of the chilled water pump is in direct proportion to the frequency to obtain the frequency relation of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump.
In this step, since the flow rate and the frequency of the chilled water pump are proportional, i.e. the higher the frequency, the larger the flow rate of the water output by the chilled water pump, in this embodiment, the flow rate and the frequency of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump can be expressed by the following sub-formula:
Qbig＝c1×fbig；
Qsmall＝c2×fsmall；
understandably, c1And c2Coefficients are positive numbers greater than 0. From the flow rate relational expression of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump obtained in step S12, the frequency relational expression of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump can be obtained as follows:
wherein,
fbig: representing the frequency of operation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
fsmall: small indicated freezing water pumpThe frequency of operation.
Preferably, after obtaining the frequency relation between the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump, the frequency relation may be input into a main controller or other processor or controller with data operation processing function, including but not limited to a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, a microcomputer, a central processing unit, a field programmable gate array, a programmable logic device, a logic circuit, an analog circuit, a digital circuit, and/or any device that operates signals (module signals and/or numbers) based on operation instructions, and is operated and controlled according to the above relation and logic.
After obtaining the frequency relational expression of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump, the frequency relational expression of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump can be obtained by inputting in advance by a user, for example, the user can input the frequency relational expression of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump when the main controller uses the logic calculation for the first time, or condition setting can be carried out by the main controller after inputting a certain preset password in the using process, and operation and control are started by triggering conditions when operation and control are started.
And S14, monitoring the frequency of the large freezing water pump in real time, and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small freezing water pump according to the frequency relation between the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump.
When the frequency converter operates the refrigerating unit, the frequency of the large refrigerating water pump is monitored in real time, the frequency corresponding to the small refrigerating water pump is calculated according to the obtained frequency relation between the small refrigerating water pump and the large refrigerating water pump, and then the frequency of the small refrigerating water pump is adjusted according to the corresponding control signal output by the calculated frequency of the small refrigerating water pump, so that the frequency conversion control of the small refrigerating water pump is realized. In other words, the frequency of the large freezing water pump is monitored in real time, and the purpose that the small freezing water pump changes along with the frequency change of the large freezing water pump is achieved according to the frequency relation of the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump, so that the isobaric frequency conversion control of the large freezing water pump and the small freezing water pump connected in parallel is achieved.
The method for isobaric frequency conversion control of the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital can be used for carrying out logic operation and frequency conversion control on a DDC or PLC, and is high in efficiency, simple and easy to operate.
In conclusion, according to the method for isobaric frequency conversion control of the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital, corresponding chilled water flow is conveyed to meet the energy utilization requirement at the tail end of the air conditioner load on the premise of keeping the conveying pressure heads of the large and small parallel chilled water pumps equal in the variable-load running process of the actual system according to the respective running performance curves of the large and small chilled water pumps, when the large chilled water pump is subjected to frequency conversion, the small chilled water pump obtains the frequency of the small chilled water pump under the corresponding condition according to the frequency relation formula of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump, and performs frequency conversion control according to the obtained frequency of the small chilled water pump, so that the purpose of energy saving in running of the chilled water system is achieved, and meanwhile the service life of the chilled.
As shown in fig. 2, it is a functional block diagram of a constant-pressure frequency-changing control device for large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals according to the present invention. The constant-pressure frequency conversion control device applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital can be realized by the constant-pressure frequency conversion control method applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in the hospital. In this embodiment, the isobaric frequency conversion control device applied to the large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals comprises:
the acquiring module 10 is used for acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump;
the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump is as follows:
the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump is as follows:
wherein,
Hbig: representing the pressure head when the large freezing water pump operates;
Hsmall: indicating operation of small chilled water pumpsA pressure head;
Qbig: the flow rate of the large chilled water pump during operation is shown;
Qsmall: indicating the flow rate at which the small chilled water pump was operating.
The first calculation module 20 is configured to obtain a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump by combining a linear relation between a pressure head and a flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between a pressure head and a flow of the small chilled water pump;
the flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump is as follows:
the second calculation module 30 is configured to adaptively adjust a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump based on that the flow of the chilled water pump is directly proportional to the frequency, so as to obtain a frequency relation between the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump;
the frequency relation of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump is as follows:
wherein,
fbig: representing the frequency of operation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
fsmall: indicating the frequency at which the small chilled water pump is operating.
And the control module 40 is used for monitoring the frequency of the large chilled water pump in real time and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small chilled water pump according to the frequency relation between the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump.
The frequency of the large chilled water pump can be monitored in real time through the frequency converter, the frequency information of the large chilled water pump is transmitted to the main controller, the main controller can perform logic operation according to the frequency information of the large chilled water pump and the relational expression and control the control module 40 to output corresponding control signals to correspondingly adjust the frequency of the small chilled water pump, and frequency conversion control is achieved, so that the phenomena of head loss and surge of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump are effectively avoided, the service life of the chilled water pump is prolonged, energy consumption is reduced, and the purposes of cooling and energy saving on demand are achieved.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An isobaric frequency conversion control method for large and small parallel chilled water pumps in hospitals is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s11, acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump;
s12, combining a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump to obtain a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
s13, adaptively adjusting the flow relation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump based on the fact that the flow of the chilled water pump is in direct proportion to the frequency to obtain the frequency relation of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump;
and S14, monitoring the frequency of the large freezing water pump in real time, and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small freezing water pump according to the frequency relation between the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump.
2. The isobaric frequency conversion control method for hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that said step S11 comprises:
and obtaining a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump after fitting regression according to performance curves of the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump respectively.
3. The isobaric frequency conversion control method for hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to claim 2,
when the air-conditioning refrigerating unit operates, pressure head data and flow data corresponding to the large freezing water pump and the small freezing water pump under more than two working condition points are acquired in real time;
and obtaining a performance curve of the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a performance curve of the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump according to the pressure head data and the flow data corresponding to the more than two working condition points.
4. The isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to claim 3, characterized in that a differential pressure sensor is adopted to collect the pressure head data at the more than two working points.
5. The isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to claim 4, characterized in that a flow sensor is adopted to collect the flow data at the more than two working points.
6. The isobaric frequency conversion control method for hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to claim 1, characterized in that said step S12 comprises:
based on the parallel design the principle that the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump have equal delivery pressure heads is combined with the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump, and the flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump is calculated.
7. The isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow rate of the large chilled water pump is as follows:
the linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump is as follows:
wherein,
Hbig: representing the pressure head when the large freezing water pump operates;
Hsmall: representing the pressure head when the small chilled water pump operates;
Qbig: the flow rate of the large chilled water pump during operation is shown;
Qsmall: indicating the flow rate at which the small chilled water pump was operating.
8. The isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to claim 7, characterized in that the flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump is as follows:
9. the isobaric frequency conversion control method applied to hospital large and small parallel chilled water pumps according to claim 8, characterized in that the frequency relation between the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump is as follows:
wherein,
fbig: representing the frequency of operation of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
fsmall: indicating the frequency at which the small chilled water pump is operating.
10. The utility model provides a be applied to parallelly connected frozen water pump constant voltage frequency conversion controlling means of hospital size which characterized in that includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump;
the first calculation module is used for combining a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the large chilled water pump and a linear relation between the pressure head and the flow of the small chilled water pump to obtain a flow relation between the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump;
the second calculation module is used for adaptively adjusting the flow relational expression of the large chilled water pump and the small chilled water pump based on the fact that the flow of the chilled water pump is in direct proportion to the frequency so as to obtain the frequency relational expression of the small chilled water pump and the large chilled water pump;
and the control module is used for monitoring the frequency of the large freezing water pump in real time and outputting a control signal to adjust the frequency of the small freezing water pump according to the frequency relation between the small freezing water pump and the large freezing water pump.
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