CN106988843A - The method and apparatus that waste gas for internal combustion engine is reprocessed - Google Patents

The method and apparatus that waste gas for internal combustion engine is reprocessed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106988843A
CN106988843A CN201610811407.1A CN201610811407A CN106988843A CN 106988843 A CN106988843 A CN 106988843A CN 201610811407 A CN201610811407 A CN 201610811407A CN 106988843 A CN106988843 A CN 106988843A
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Prior art keywords
accumulator
catalytic converter
type catalytic
waste gas
internal combustion
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Granted
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CN201610811407.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106988843B (en
Inventor
L.施吕特
F-C.B.冯休默恩-林登谢纳
S.保克纳
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0814—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with catalytic converters, e.g. NOx absorption/storage reduction catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
    • F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
    • F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2270/00—Mixing air with exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/06—Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by varying fuel-air ratio, e.g. by enriching fuel-air mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/03—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems of sorbing activity of adsorbents or absorbents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/14—Systems for adding secondary air into exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/08—Adding substances to exhaust gases with prior mixing of the substances with a gas, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/04—Methods of control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0418—Methods of control or diagnosing using integration or an accumulated value within an elapsed period
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0601—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing being estimated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1614—NOx amount trapped in catalyst
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method that waste gas for internal combustion engine (10) is reprocessed, it is comprised the steps of：Internal combustion engine (10) is run with excessively stoichiometric, dilute combustion air ratio, by NOXEmission is stored in the first NO with nitrate saltsXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16) and the 2nd NO being followed byXIn accumulator-type catalytic converter (18), run by internal combustion engine (10) using stoichiometric, dense ignition mixture is owed while in the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16) downstream and in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) upstream introduces auxiliary air to regenerate the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16), and the 2nd NO of regenerationXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18), wherein internal combustion engine (10) are run using deficient stoichiometric, dense ignition mixture and stop introducing auxiliary air.Device is reprocessed the invention further relates to a kind of waste gas for being used to implement this method.

Description

The method and apparatus that waste gas for internal combustion engine is reprocessed
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method and apparatus that a kind of waste gas for internal combustion engine is reprocessed.It is current and following more and more tighter The waste gas legislation of lattice proposes higher and higher require to the untreated discharge of engine and the waste gas reprocessing of internal combustion engine.In addition vapour Car is always directed to reducing the consumption and CO2 discharges related therewith of internal combustion engine to manufacturers of engines.This result in addition The combustion method of consumption optimization is developed for internal combustion engine.A kind of possibility for reducing the consumption of gasoline engine is lean burn side Method, implies that internal combustion engine is run with excessively stoichiometric combustion air ratio as far as possible in this combustion method.Because in thin combustion In firing method, the NO in waste gasXEmission fully can be no longer converted with traditional ternary catalyzing unit, it is therefore desirable to such as NOXDeposit Store up the catalyst converter added as catalyst converter.Here, NOXEmission is stored in NO as nitrateXIn accumulator-type catalytic converter.Institute State NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter must be periodically by the thick stage regeneration of engine.The scheme in this thick stage is decisive Ground influences tailpipe.In addition known waste gas reprocesses device and exhaust gas aftertreatment method, wherein the stream of the waste gas along internal combustion engine Dynamic direction is in NOXThe downstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter sets SCR catalyst.
Therefore DE10315593B4 discloses a kind of waste gas reprocessing device, wherein NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter is arranged on SCR and urged Change device upstream, wherein, in SCR catalyst for SCR need ammonia in NOXStructure on accumulator-type catalytic converter Into.
A kind of apparatus and method for being used to regenerate accumulator-type catalytic converter as known to DE102004052062A1.For this internal combustion engine with Stoichiometric combustion air is owed than running and periodically auxiliary air being introduced into exhaust steam passage.In deficient chemical equivalent fortune Sulphur storage thing is removed from accumulator-type catalytic converter in row, and H can be suppressed by introducing auxiliary air2The formation of S emissions.
But this solution the disadvantage is that, in NOXOccurs the such fortune of internal combustion engine in the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter Row order section, wherein ternary catalyzing unit is applied in owe stoichiometric waste gas, therefore in NOXDuring accumulator-type catalytic converter regenerates Preferable exhaust gas cleaning can not be realized by ternary catalyzing unit and causes higher discharge to escape.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are there is provided a kind of method, with can improve waste gas reprocessing and NOXNoxious emission is avoided as far as possible in the regenerative process of accumulator-type catalytic converter.
The method that the technical problem is reprocessed by the waste gas for internal combustion engine is solved, and it is comprised the steps of：
- internal combustion engine is run with excessively stoichiometric, dilute combustion air ratio,
- by NOXEmission is stored in the first NO with nitrate saltsXIt is connected in accumulator-type catalytic converter and on fluid technique First NOXThe 2nd NO after accumulator-type catalytic converterXIn accumulator-type catalytic converter,
- run by internal combustion engine using deficient stoichiometric, dense ignition mixture while in the first NOXStorage is urged Change device downstream and in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter upstream introduces auxiliary air to regenerate the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter, and
The 2nd NO of-regenerationXAccumulator-type catalytic converter, wherein internal combustion engine (further or again), which are utilized, owes stoichiometric, dense Ignition mixture operation, and stop introduce auxiliary air.
NO can be regenerated by passing through recommended methodXAccumulator-type catalytic converter, and it will not cause NO in regenerative processXEffusion (Schlupf) enter without causing NOXEmission is released in environment.This is particularly advantageous in internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine exists In lean-burn operation, imply that and utilized stoichiometric combustion air to compare λMotor＞ 1 is run, because in excessively stoichiometric burning side Occur more NO in methodXEmission, and its lean-burn operation in will not be reduced by ternary catalyzing unit.
According to the present invention the first and second NO are implemented by methods describedXThe two benches regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter, wherein Avoid in the first NOXDuring the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter, the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter is loaded by stoichiometric waste gas, This may cause in the 2nd NOXHigher NO on accumulator-type catalytic converterXDesorption.Thus the internal combustion engine driven in lean-burn operation Consumption advantage is combined with effective waste gas reprocessing, it is achieved that economic and low emission the operation of internal combustion engine.
Provided in a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, in the first NOXDuring the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter, lead to Cross in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter upstream introduces auxiliary air to exhaust steam passage and set stoichiometric waste gas air ratio, Therefore the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter is in the first NOXUnceasingly with NO during the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converterXEmission is loaded. , will not be in the first NSK (NO in practice in the NSK regeneration of effective implementation of first componentXAccumulator-type catalytic converter) downstream generation NOXRow Put thing.2nd NO can be avoided by auxiliary airXAccumulator-type catalytic converter is loaded and avoided first with stoichiometric waste gas NOXCause nitrogen oxides in the regenerative process of accumulator-type catalytic converter in the 2nd NOXDesorption on accumulator-type catalytic converter.It is possible thereby to real A kind of existing simple and efficient method, in the first NOXWith deficient chemical equivalent in the regenerative process of accumulator-type catalytic converter and in internal combustion engine Combustion air compare λMotorIn the 2nd NO during the operations of ＜ 1XSuch condition is realized on accumulator-type catalytic converter, wherein second NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter can be by NOXEmission is stored as nitrate.
According to the extension design code of methods described, once in the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter measured downstream is worked as to chemistry is owed The waste gas of amount, the then introducing of auxiliary air is closed.
Provide according to a preferred embodiment, in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter measured downstream is in exhaust steam passage NOXConcentration and two NO of startup when more than threshold valueXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter.By measuring the 2nd NOXUnder accumulator-type catalytic converter NO in the exhaust steam passage of tripXConcentration can detect a kind of state, in a state the NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter such degree ground quilt Loading, that is, be no longer able to continue to store NO with desired efficiencyXEmission, and result in the lifting of tailpipe.Based on this A threshold value can be determined by planting basis, need to regenerate NO in this threshold valueXAccumulator-type catalytic converter and implement when more than the threshold value NOXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter.
According to the extension design code of the continuation of methods described, in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter downstream is in exhaust steam passage Waste gas air than measured and pass through the 2nd NO reaching deficient stoichiometric waste gas air ratio namely reachingXStorage is urged The dense breakthrough (Fettdurchbruch) for changing device then terminates NOXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter.Because passing through the 2nd NOXStorage catalytic The dense breakthrough of device with NOXThe regeneration completely of nitrate storage in accumulator-type catalytic converter is interrelated, then in this way may be used To be inferred to NOXThe complete regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter.Hereafter internal combustion engine is run with lean-burn namely with excessively stoichiometric again Combustion air is than work, and this can save fuel.
In a kind of preferred technical scheme of the present invention, internal combustion engine is in NOXIn accumulator-type catalytic converter regenerative process with 0.9 to 0.95 deficient stoichiometric combustion air compares λMotor, preferably λMotor=0.92 operation.Stoichiometric combustion air is owed to compare In decomposition NOXNitrate on accumulator-type catalytic converter is desirable.In this combustion air ratio, generation can be prevented a greater amount of Carbon black, its larger loading that may cause particulate filter originally or corresponding tailpipe.In addition it can use and combine The less dense mixture that auxiliary air is introduced, for heating the waste gas in exhaust steam passage and and then for example starting particle filtering The regeneration of device.
Alternatively advantageously provide for, NOXThe beginning of the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter and/or terminate by storing in the controller , for determining NOXThe balance model of the stress state of accumulator-type catalytic converter starts.By corresponding balance model can due to Loading NO completelyXAccumulator-type catalytic converter and cause NOXBefore escaping into waste gas, start regeneration.In addition, passing through the 2nd NOXStorage Before the dense breakthrough of catalyst converter occurs, terminate the regeneration.Therefore discharged emission can be reduced again.
Recommend the device that a kind of waste gas for internal combustion engine is reprocessed according to the present invention, it has exhaust steam passage, is arranged on Ternary catalyzing unit in exhaust steam passage, be connected on flow direction of the waste gas by exhaust steam passage after ternary catalyzing unit One NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter and the first NO is connected in the flowing directionXThe 2nd NO after accumulator-type catalytic converterXAccumulator-type catalytic converter, Wherein in the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter and the 2nd NOXIt is provided for auxiliary air being introduced into exhaust steam passage between accumulator-type catalytic converter Device.It can implement the method according to the present invention by this device.
Provide according to a preferred embodiment, in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter downstream sets particulate filter.Pass through Particulate filter can additionally remove particulate emission.Here, particulate filter must be heated to regeneration every now and then to regenerate Temperature and flowed through with excessively stoichiometric waste gas, for the particle intercepted in particulate filter to be aoxidized, and by particle Filter regenerates by this way.Herein using the device for introducing auxiliary air, for the waste gas in exhaust steam passage to be added Heat arrives the regeneration temperature of particulate filter.
Device according to the present invention is preferably provided for implementing the method according to the present invention.Control can be set for this purpose Device, there is computer-readable programmed algorithm to be used for the comprehensive characteristics curve and class for controlling methods described and needing if necessary for it Like parameter.
The different forms of implementation of the invention described in this application can be advantageously mutually combined, as long as no different theorys It is bright.
Brief description of the drawings
Hereinafter the present invention is illustrated in embodiment with reference to accompanying drawing.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of the device according to the present invention of the waste gas reprocessing for internal combustion engine,
Fig. 2 shows the further embodiment of the device according to the present invention of the waste gas reprocessing for internal combustion engine,
Fig. 3 shows the further embodiment of the device according to the present invention of the waste gas reprocessing for internal combustion engine,
Fig. 4 shows the further embodiment of the device according to the present invention of the waste gas reprocessing for internal combustion engine,
Fig. 5 shows the further embodiment of the device according to the present invention of the waste gas reprocessing for internal combustion engine,
Fig. 6 shows the further embodiment of the device according to the present invention of the waste gas reprocessing for internal combustion engine,
Fig. 7 shows to be used to be shown in NOXBefore accumulator-type catalytic converter and NOXBurnt in after accumulator-type catalytic converter, internal combustion engine empty Gas than chart,
Fig. 8 shows that being used for waste gas reprocesses (by the first NO close to engineXAccumulator-type catalytic converter and the 2nd NOXStorage Auxiliary air is blown between catalyst converter) and for two NOXThe side of the method according to the present invention of the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter Method is described.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows internal combustion engine 10, and it has the device and exhaust steam passage 12 reprocessed for the waste gas of internal combustion engine 10, wherein Pass through to set on the flow direction of exhaust steam passage 12 in the waste gas of internal combustion engine 10 and there is integrated NOXThe ternary of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 Catalyst converter 14 and with integrated NOXThe downstream of ternary catalyzing unit 14 of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 sets the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 18.With integrated NOXThe NO of ternary catalyzing unit 14 and the 2nd of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16XIt is provided between accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 The device 20 that auxiliary air is introduced into exhaust steam passage 12.With integrated NOXThe ternary catalyzing unit 14 of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 Downstream and respectively in the 2nd NOXThe upstream and downstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 sets exhaust gas oxygensensor 22 in exhaust steam passage 12 respectively. With integrated NOXThe ternary catalyzing unit 14 of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 is installed preferably adjacent to engine, and the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 18 are preferably mounted in the chassis position of automobile.Position close to engine is interpreted as after the outlet of internal combustion engine 10 herein Average waste gas stroke is 50cm to the maximum, is especially 30cm to the maximum.
Figure 2 illustrates the alternative embodiment of the device of the reprocessing of the waste gas for internal combustion engine.In view of largely Identical construction is following only to illustrate difference.On flow direction of the waste gas by exhaust steam passage 12, with integrated NOXStorage Other ternary catalyzing unit 24 is connected before the ternary catalyzing unit 14 of catalyst converter 16.Other ternary catalyzing unit 24 is close to hair herein Motivation arrangement, the quick heating for realizing other ternary catalyzing unit after the cold start-up of internal combustion engine 10.
Figure 3 illustrates the alternative for the device according to the present invention reprocessed for waste gas.In view of very big with Fig. 1 Identical construction is following in degree only illustrates difference.Substitution has integrated NOXThe ternary catalyzing unit 14 of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16, and It is three meta functions and NOXStore function is assigned on the catalyst converter of two separation, wherein passing through the stream of exhaust steam passage 12 in waste gas On dynamic direction, ternary catalyzing unit 14 is arranged first and the first NO is set in the downstream of ternary catalyzing unit 14XAccumulator-type catalytic converter 16. In this ternary catalyzing unit 14 and the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 16 is close to engine arrangement, and the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 18 is preferred It is arranged on away from engine in the chassis position of automobile.
Figure 4 illustrates the further embodiment for the device according to the present invention reprocessed for waste gas.In view of with Fig. 1 very Identical construction is following in big degree only illustrates difference.Along the flow direction of waste gas in the exhaust steam passage 12 of internal combustion engine 10 Two NOXThe downstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 sets particulate filter 26.
Figure 5 illustrates the further embodiment for the device according to the present invention reprocessed for waste gas.In view of with Fig. 2 very Identical construction is following in big degree only illustrates difference.Along the flow direction of waste gas in the exhaust steam passage 12 of internal combustion engine 10 Two NOXThe downstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 sets particulate filter 26.
Figure 6 illustrates the further embodiment of the device according to the present invention of the reprocessing of the waste gas for internal combustion engine 10. In view of with Fig. 3, largely identical is constructed, in the exhaust steam passage 12 of internal combustion engine 10 in the direction of flow of the exhaust gases, the Two NOXThe downstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 sets particulate filter 26.
Particulate filter 26 can additionally be equipped with SCR washcoat, for implementing NOXThe further selective catalysis of emission Formula reduces and further reduces NOXEffusion.
Emission is produced in the operation of internal combustion engine 10, it must be by the device reprocessed for waste gas from internal combustion engine 10 Waste gas in remove.Three phases can be divided into according to the method for being used for waste gas reprocessing of the present invention.In the first phase, It is referred to as NOXThe load phase of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18, internal combustion engine is in thin operation with excessively stoichiometric combustion air ratio Work.The NO produced in lean-burn operationXEmission can not be reduced by ternary catalyzing unit 14.Therefore NOXEmission is with collection Into being used as the first NOXThe NO of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16XOn the ternary catalyzing unit 14 of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 and with the first NOXStorage The 2nd NO of the increase of catalyst converter loading also in the chassis position of automobileXIt is stored in accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 as nitrate. The NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 16,18 only has limited storage capacity, therefore they must be periodically regenerated in situ.
If having reached the 2nd NO in the chassis position of automobileXThe loading limit of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18, this for example passes through Measure the 2nd NOXNO after accumulator-type catalytic converter 18XEffusion is realized or the balance by being stored in the controller of internal combustion engine 10 Model is carried out, then NO is carried out in second stageXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16,18.It is changed into dense for this internal combustion engine 10, namely To owe stoichiometric combustion air ratio (such as λMotor=0.92) run.Nitrate exists in the operation phase of internal combustion engine 10 First NOXDecomposed in accumulator-type catalytic converter 16, and NOXAgain release and by reducing agent present in waste gas (especially CO or H2) reduce.
In the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 16 or with integrated NOXThe regeneration of the ternary catalyzing unit 14 of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 Cheng Zhong, in the first NOXThe downstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 forms stoichiometric waste gas air ratio.Thus in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter Higher NO is carried out on 18XDesorption, therefore nitrate decomposed in stoichiometric waste gas air ratio, but be not present For NOXThe reducing agent of emission.This figure 7 illustrates.In order to avoid such case, in the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 16 regenerates During by for into exhaust steam passage 12 introduce auxiliary air device 20 in the 2nd NOXThe upstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 to Air is introduced in exhaust steam passage 12.Thus in the first NOXIn the 2nd NO in the regenerative process of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16XAccumulator-type catalytic converter Stoichiometric waste gas, therefore the 2nd NO were formed on 18XAccumulator-type catalytic converter 18 is still in load phase.In addition the first NO is passed throughX The waste gas of the regeneration heating of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 is cooled down by the auxiliary air being introduced into, thus in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter The possibility of hot desorption on 18 is lowered.
Once the first NOXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 is completed, then terminates the introducing of auxiliary air in the phase III. On the time point, deficient stoichiometric combustion air mixture of internal combustion engine 10 reaches the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 18, and open Begin the 2nd NOXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18.In this way can be by two NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter one after the other regenerates, without Elevated NO occursXEffusion.
The duration of regeneration is typically selected such so that be stored in the first NOXThe NO of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16 and the 2ndXStorage catalytic Nitrate in device 18 is decomposed and NO completelyXAccumulator-type catalytic converter 16,18 is considered regeneration.In the 2nd NO in exhaust steam passage 12X The exhaust gas oxygensensor 22 of the arranged downstream of accumulator-type catalytic converter 18 shows this state.Once no longer existing and treating reduced nitrate, then λ is passed Sensor 22 shows to owe stoichiometric waste gas component.It is alternatively described to be regenerated by the balance model of storage in the controller It is disconnected.
In two NOXAfter the regeneration completely of accumulator-type catalytic converter 16,18, internal combustion engine 10 switches to dilute combustion air and mixed again Compound, and can be run again with the consumption of reduction.Corresponding renovation process with three phases figure 8 illustrates.
List of numerals
10 internal combustion engines
12 exhaust steam passages
14 ternary catalyzing units/there is integrated NOXThe ternary catalyzing unit of accumulator-type catalytic converter
16 the oneth NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter
18 the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter
20 device for introducing auxiliary air
22 exhaust gas oxygensensors
24 other ternary catalyzing units
26 particulate filters
λMotorCombustion air ratio
λvorNSCIn the 2nd NOXThe waste gas air ratio of accumulator-type catalytic converter upstream
λnachNSCIn the 2nd NOXThe waste gas air ratio in accumulator-type catalytic converter downstream
λnachTWNSCIn the first NOXThe waste gas air ratio in accumulator-type catalytic converter downstream

Claims (10)

1. the method that one kind is reprocessed for the waste gas of internal combustion engine (10), it is comprised the steps of：
- internal combustion engine (10) is run with excessively stoichiometric, dilute combustion air ratio,
- by NOXEmission is stored in the first NO with nitrate saltsXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16) and the 2nd NO being followed byXStorage catalytic In device (18),
- run by internal combustion engine (10) using deficient stoichiometric, dense ignition mixture while in the first NOXStorage is urged Change device (16) downstream and in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) upstream introduces auxiliary air to regenerate the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16), and
The 2nd NO of-regenerationXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18), wherein internal combustion engine (10) are transported using stoichiometric, dense ignition mixture is owed Go and stop introducing auxiliary air.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that in the first NOXThe process of the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter (16) In, by the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) upstream introduces auxiliary air to exhaust steam passage (12) and set chemical equivalent Waste gas air ratio (λvorNSC), therefore the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) is in the first NOXThe mistake of the regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter (16) Unceasingly with NO in journeyXEmission is loaded.
3. according to the method described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that once in the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16) downstream is surveyed Measure and owe stoichiometric waste gas, then the introducing of auxiliary air is closed.
4. according to the method described in one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) downstream is surveyed Measure the NO in exhaust steam passage (12)XConcentration and two NO of startup when more than threshold valueXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter (16,18).
5. according to the method described in one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that in the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) downstream exists Waste gas air in exhaust steam passage (12) is than being measured and terminating NO when reaching deficient stoichiometric waste gas air ratioXStorage The regeneration of catalyst converter (16,18).
6. according to the method described in one of claim 1 to 5, it is characterised in that internal combustion engine (10) is in NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) Regenerative process in λ is compared with 0.9 to 0.95 combustion airMotorOperation.
7. according to the method described in one of claims 1 to 3 or 6, it is characterised in that NOXThe regeneration of accumulator-type catalytic converter (16,18) Beginning and/or terminate by it is storing in the controller, for determining NOXThe stress state of accumulator-type catalytic converter (16,18) Balance model starts.
8. the device that one kind is reprocessed for the waste gas of internal combustion engine (10), it has exhaust steam passage (12), is arranged on exhaust steam passage (12) ternary catalyzing unit (14) in and it is connected to ternary catalyzing unit on flow direction of the waste gas by exhaust steam passage (12) (14) the first NO afterXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16) and the first NO is connected in the flowing directionXAfter accumulator-type catalytic converter (16) The 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18), it is characterised in that in the first NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (16) and the 2nd NOXAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) device (20) that auxiliary air is introduced into exhaust steam passage (12) is provided between.
9. according to the device described in claim 8, it is characterised in that in the 2nd NO in exhaust steam passage (12)XAccumulator-type catalytic converter (18) downstream sets particulate filter (26).
10. according to the device described in claim 8 or 9, it is characterised in that set controller, it has computer-readable journey Sequence algorithm is used for the comprehensive characteristics curve and similar parameters for controlling methods described and needing if necessary.
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