CN106988754A - Narrow space shield tunneling machine starting method - Google Patents
Narrow space shield tunneling machine starting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106988754A CN106988754A CN201710406659.0A CN201710406659A CN106988754A CN 106988754 A CN106988754 A CN 106988754A CN 201710406659 A CN201710406659 A CN 201710406659A CN 106988754 A CN106988754 A CN 106988754A
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- shield
- portal
- narrow space
- displacement
- shield launching
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 14
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an initial method of a shield machine in a narrow space, which comprises the following steps: a. the original underground diaphragm wall is replaced by plain soil concrete in a layered replacement mode from bottom to top by the original tunnel portal replacement; the steel ring of the starting tunnel portal is prolonged, so that the starting end of the shield is reinforced to achieve a preset effect, and the smooth starting of the shield machine is ensured; b. inspecting, maintaining and debugging the shield machine; c. and carrying out shield launching by means of the reaction frame and the negative ring pipe piece. The ground layer outside the starting well and the end ground layer do not need to be reinforced additionally, the occupied area of the starting well can be reduced, the influence on peripheral traffic is reduced to the minimum, construction can be realized under the condition that peripheral pipelines do not need to be changed, investment is reduced, disturbance to residents is reduced, the situation is met, and the method is economical and reasonable. The method is suitable for construction under the condition that the shield machine initial end well cannot be reinforced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for tunnel construction, especially, it is related to a kind of narrow space under the conditions of unconventional
Shield launching method.
Background technology
Shield launching is one of link of shield-tunneling construction greatest risk, and it is construction to prevent the accident such as cave in, gush
Emphasis.
Shield machine routinely originates scheme：Near-borehole formation is originated to use the reinforcing of outer row's rotary churning pile, chemical pulp method for strengthening, freeze
Method etc..And often consolidation effect can not produce a desired effect for termination stratum consolidation method, chemical pulp method for strengthening, construction freezing method expense
It is expensive.Such as the situation that edpth of tunnel is deep, groundwater pressure is big, conventional reinforcing mode will not be able to meet wanting for safe construction
Ask.
Certain region tunnel track traffic route is constructed, and construction location end structure is the active well of shield launching, due to
Termination complex geologic conditions, top is sand-pebble layer, and surface line is more and moves and changes difficulty, it is impossible to carry out ground reinforcing, first
Phase uses horizontal reinforcing also because underground water is abundant and pressure is excessive, to lead to not reach reinforcement criteria, level in active well
The mode of reinforcing is also counted out.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention, which are to provide one kind, can solve existing shield launching construction location in face of ground
The location of location complicated condition, it is impossible to reinforcing vertically and horizontally is carried out, so as to produce the technical problem of construction risk
Narrow space shield launching method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the narrow space shield launching method that the present invention is provided, comprises the following steps：
A, portal displacement is originated using layering substitute mode from bottom to top, original ground-connecting-wall is entered into line replacement with plain earth concrete；Prolong
Length originates portal steel loop, so that shield launching termination, which is reinforced, reaches desired effects, it is ensured that the smooth of shield machine is originated；B, to shield
Machine is checked, safeguarded and debugged；C, by reaction frame and negative endless tube piece carry out shield launching.
Specifically, the layering displacement in step a, per layer height 0.5m~1.5m；Emergency materials are prepared during construction of replacing, with
Prevent underground water enrichment area from caving in.
Specifically, the extension in step a originates portal steel loop and is specially：Steel for extending portal is installed originating portal
At least two seals steel brush is set on the inside of ring, steel loop, while reserving injected hole in steel loop side, injected with facilitating in origination process
Grease sealing.
Specifically, in addition to originate in portal replacement process and originate abolishing for portal, be specially：Using hand fit's machine
Tool abolishes every layer of 0.5m~1.5m internal layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, then cuts off the reinforcing bar of internal layer；Broken again after the reinforcing bar for cutting off internal layer
Except outer layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, the reinforcing bar of outer layer is then cut off again；Ensure that reinforcing bar is cut off to flush with originating the steel loop of portal afterwards；It is broken
During except outer layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, it is ensured that original ground-connecting-wall meets the structural integrity of native surface concrete protective layer, with reduce leak and
The generation probability that silt caves in.
Specifically, originate portal abolish and reinforcing bar cut off it is every complete one layer, plain earth concrete displacement one is sprayed using C25
Layer；The displacement thickness of plain earth concrete is 1m~1.5m, to ensure the stability of portal.
Specifically, it is reserved in face in plain earth concrete course of injection50PVC tapping pipe, tapping pipe is stayed set between
Away from for 0.8m~1.2m, with quincuncial arrangement；Laid in the lap position of adjacent two layers displacement layer for the native coagulation of laminin up and down
The bamboo chip connected between soil, the distribution spacing of bamboo chip is 0.3m~0.8m, and bamboo chip is using inside and outside double-deck laying.
Specifically, before portal displacement is originated, waterglass slurries slip casting is carried out to originating the portal soil body using mini-valve tube, with
Sealing is carried out, makes stratum water content reduction, so as to ensure that the construction for originating door opening displacement is normally carried out；Used originating at door opening
Type steel support carries out consolidation process, to reduce the pressure produced during shield launching to originating the influence of door opening and the periphery soil body.
Specifically, step b specific implementation step includes：Repaired to supporting after cutter and shield machine；To front rolling
Knife, edge hobboing cutter, center double-edged hobbing cutter, the cutting knife of the scraper of serious wear and serious wear are checked or changed；To knife
Seat is checked that the progress of serious wear is changed；Maintenance and inspection are carried out to rear supporting chassis, battery truck and straddle truck, it is ensured that set
Standby is intact.
Specifically, step c specific implementation step is：Start that negative endless tube piece is installed, negative endless tube piece, shield machine side are installed in side
Enclose and promote to hole；It is that the propelling resistance reduced during shield launching and the cutter head avoided on cutterhead damage hole sealing device, in knife
Coating lubricating oil is to reduce frictional force on disk and hole sealing device.
Specifically, shield is gradually drawn close to the portal soil body is originated, and shield chain-drive section is cut the soil body, then through cutterhead rotary cutting
The soil body is cut, full of shield machine Tu Cang, earth balance pressure power is begun setting up with balance shield earth balance pressure, it is ensured that the displacement drop of the soil body
To minimum value；The construction parameter in shield launching stage is predefined according to multiple simulated test, is enclosed when shield machine integrally enters hole
Afterwards, space equably is filled to pressure injection hydraulicity slurries outside negative endless tube piece by bearing the injected hole of endless tube piece, with mortar leakage prevention；
When shield launching is promoted, whether observation reaction frame and reaction frame rear diagonal brace are deformed, and are made with preventing displacement excessive
Into destruction；Before propulsion, the coating lubricating oil on shield seat surface, to reduce the propelling resistance of shield.
The invention has the advantages that：
The narrow space shield launching method that the present invention is provided, for starting well termination can not soil mass consolidation receive height
Risk, directly to originate hole carry out structure replacing, successively replace original ground-connecting-wall from bottom to top using plain earth concrete, with up to
To the purpose of reinforcing, so as to reduce, avoid risk, ensure to originate construction safety.Portal steel loop is originated by extension, " shield is set up
The confined space of additional shield ", delays to originate distance while reinforcing shield starting end head, and shield machine is examined before originating
Look into, safeguard and debug, carry out shield launching by reaction frame and negative endless tube piece after the completion of shield machine debugging, shield launching is tried one's best
Close to normal driving state, to caving in, gushing etc., multifactor superposition accident risk is avoided the peak hour, so as to ensure shield launching construction peace
Entirely.Without carrying out extra reinforcing to originating near-borehole formation and termination stratum, it is possible to reduce starting well floor space, make its right
Periphery traffic impact is minimized, it is possible to achieve constructed in the case where not needing periphery pipeline to change shifting, is reduced investment, is reduced and disturb
The people, meet truth, economical rationality.Construction in the case of can not being reinforced suitable for shield launching end well.
In addition to objects, features and advantages described above, the present invention also has other objects, features and advantages.
Below with reference to figure, make specific detailed description to the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
The accompanying drawing for constituting the part of the application is used for providing the specific understanding to the present invention, schematic implementation of the invention
Example and its illustrate be used for explain the present invention, do not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the step FB(flow block) of the narrow space shield launching method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the present invention can be limited by following and
The multitude of different ways of covering is implemented.
Fig. 1 is the step FB(flow block) of the narrow space shield launching method of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 1 institutes
Show that the narrow space shield launching method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps：A, portal displacement is originated using from bottom to top
Substitute mode is layered, original ground-connecting-wall is entered into line replacement with plain earth concrete；Extension originates portal steel loop, so that shield launching end
Head, which is reinforced, reaches desired effects, it is ensured that the smooth of shield machine is originated；B, shield machine is checked, safeguarded and debugged；C, dependence
Reaction frame and negative endless tube piece carry out shield launching.Narrow space shield launching method of the present invention, can not for starting well termination
The excessive risk that soil mass consolidation is received, is directly carried out structure replacing to originating hole, is successively put from bottom to top using plain earth concrete
Original ground-connecting-wall is changed, to reach the purpose of reinforcing, so as to reduce, avoid risk, ensure to originate construction safety.Originated by extension
Portal steel loop, sets up the confined space of " the additional shield of shield ", delays to originate distance while reinforcing shield starting end head, before originating
Shield machine is checked, safeguarded and debugged, shield launching is carried out by reaction frame and negative endless tube piece after the completion of shield machine debugging,
Make shield launching as far as possible close to normal driving state, the multifactor accident risk that is superimposed is avoided the peak hour to caving in, gushing etc., so as to ensure shield
Structure originates construction safety.Without carrying out extra reinforcing to originating near-borehole formation and termination stratum, it is possible to reduce starting well is accounted for
Ground area, makes it be minimized periphery traffic impact, it is possible to achieve constructs, subtracts in the case where not needing periphery pipeline to change shifting
Few investment, reduction disturb residents, and meet truth, economical rationality.Applying in the case of can not being reinforced suitable for shield launching end well
Work.
In the present embodiment, the layering displacement in step a, per layer height 0.5m~1.5m.Emergent thing is prepared during construction of replacing
Money, to prevent underground water enrichment area from caving in.
In the present embodiment, the extension in step a originates portal steel loop and is specially：Installed originating portal for extending portal
Steel loop, at least two seals steel brush is set on the inside of steel loop, while injected hole is reserved in steel loop side, to facilitate in origination process
Inject grease sealing.
In the present embodiment, the portal that originates originated in portal replacement process is abolished, and is specially：It is broken using hand fit's machinery
Except every layer of 0.5m~1.5m internal layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, then cut off the reinforcing bar of internal layer.Cut off and abolish outer after the reinforcing bar of internal layer again
Layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, then cuts off the reinforcing bar of outer layer again.Ensure that reinforcing bar is cut off to flush with originating the steel loop of portal afterwards.Abolish outer
During layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, it is ensured that original ground-connecting-wall meets the structural integrity of native surface concrete protective layer, to reduce leak and silt
The generation probability caved in.
In the present embodiment, originate portal abolish and reinforcing bar cut off it is every complete one layer, plain earth concrete is sprayed using C25 and replaced
One layer.The displacement thickness of plain earth concrete is 1m~1.5m, to ensure the stability of portal.
It is reserved in face in plain earth concrete course of injection in the present embodiment50PVC tapping pipe, tapping pipe is stayed
If spacing is 0.8m~1.2m, with quincuncial arrangement.Laid in the lap position of adjacent two layers displacement layer for laminin soil up and down
The bamboo chip connected between concrete, the distribution spacing of bamboo chip is 0.3m~0.8m, and bamboo chip is using inside and outside double-deck laying.
In the present embodiment, before portal displacement is originated, waterglass slurries note is carried out to originating the portal soil body using mini-valve tube
Slurry, to carry out sealing, makes stratum water content reduction, so as to ensure that the construction for originating door opening displacement is normally carried out.Originating door opening
Place carries out consolidation process using type steel support, to reduce the pressure produced during shield launching to originating door opening and the periphery soil body
Influence.
In the present embodiment, step b specific implementation step includes：Repaired to supporting after cutter and shield machine.Align
Face hobboing cutter, edge hobboing cutter, center double-edged hobbing cutter, the cutting knife of the scraper of serious wear and serious wear are checked or changed.
Tool rest is checked, the progress of serious wear is changed.Maintenance and inspection are carried out to rear supporting chassis, battery truck and straddle truck, really
Protect the intact of equipment.
In the present embodiment, step c specific implementation step is：Start that negative endless tube piece is installed, negative endless tube piece, shield are installed in side
Machine side is enclosed to hole and promoted.It is that the propelling resistance reduced during shield launching and the cutter head avoided on cutterhead damage hole sealing device,
Coating lubricating oil is to reduce frictional force on cutterhead and hole sealing device.
In the present embodiment, shield is gradually drawn close to the portal soil body is originated, and shield chain-drive section is cut the soil body, then revolved through cutterhead
Turn the cutting soil body, full of shield machine Tu Cang, begin setting up earth balance pressure power with balance shield earth balance pressure, it is ensured that the displacement of the soil body
Amount minimizes value.The construction parameter in shield launching stage is predefined according to multiple simulated test, when shield machine integrally enters
After the circle of hole, space is equably filled to pressure injection hydraulicity slurries outside negative endless tube piece by the injected hole for bearing endless tube piece, to prevent
Spillage.When shield launching is promoted, whether observation reaction frame and reaction frame rear diagonal brace are deformed, to prevent displacement excessive
And damage.Before propulsion, the coating lubricating oil on shield seat surface, to reduce the propelling resistance of shield.
There is provided a kind of narrow space shield launching method during implementation, specific implementation step is as follows：
A, originate portal displacement
Reinforced due to starting end head and fail to reach desired effects, to ensure smoothly originating for shield machine, originated using extension
What the mode of portal steel loop carried out shield machine originates driving, to carry out plain concrete displacement to ground-connecting-wall.Originated simultaneously for guarantee
The stability of portal, 1.2m is increased to by plain concrete thickness.
Displacement should be layered when originating portal displacement, per layer height 1m, line replacement is entered from bottom to top.Termination underground water is rich
Richness, originates portal present position for sand pebble layer, cave-in accident easily occurs, enough sandbags, mould should be got out during construction of replacing
The emergency materials such as plate, the lumps of wood.
The internal layer ground-connecting-wall concrete for using every layer of 1m of hand fit's mechanical breaking when portal is abolished first is originated, then is cut off
Internal layer reinforcing bar, cuts off and abolishes outer layer ground-connecting-wall concrete after reinforcing bar again, then cuts off outer reinforcement, and reinforcing bar is cut off must be with originating hole
Door steel loop is flushed, and should try one's best when abolishing outer layer ground-connecting-wall concrete and not damaged ground-connecting-wall and meet native surface concrete protective layer, reduced and leak
Water and silt cave in.
Abolish and reinforcing bar cuts off every one layer of completion, one layer is replaced using C25 gunite concretes.Displacement thickness is 1.2m.
It is reserved in face during concrete ejection50PVC tapping pipes, tapping pipe, which is stayed, sets spacing 1m, blossom type arrangement；Exist simultaneously
Levels lap position, which lays bamboo chip, is used for the connection of levels concrete, bamboo chip spacing 0.5m, inside and outside rebuilding.
Left line construction is originated in portal replacement process, because stratum water content is larger, it is impossible to is realized normal displacement, therefore is being begun
Send out before portal construction of replacing, the slip casting of waterglass slurries is carried out for sealing to originating the portal soil body using mini-valve tube.Ejection for water plugging
After the completion of carry out originating portal construction of replacing again, it is ensured that the security of construction.
Simultaneously when considering that right line is originated, it is excessive to originate pressure, to the left line soil body and to originate portal stable and produce one
Fixed influence.Originating at portal using type steel support progress consolidation process.
B, shield launching
Repaired first to supporting after cutter and shield machine.Cutter includes front hobboing cutter, edge hobboing cutter, the rolling of center twolip
Knife and the scraper of serious wear, cutting knife are changed.Tool rest is checked, the progress of serious wear is changed.And to rear supporting
The equipment such as chassis and battery truck, straddle truck carry out maintenance and inspection, it is ensured that equipment it is intact.
Setting two seals steel brush on the inside of portal steel loop, steel loop is originated originating portal installation extension, while in steel loop side
Injected hole is reserved on side, facilitates injection grease sealing in origination process.
After shield machine has been debugged, shield launching is carried out by reaction frame and negative endless tube piece.Start that negative endless tube piece, Bian An are installed
The negative endless tube piece of dress, shield machine side is enclosed to hole and promoted.To reduce propelling resistance during shield launching and avoiding the cutter head on cutterhead from damaging
Bad hole sealing device, coating lubricating oil is to reduce frictional force on cutterhead and hole sealing device.
Shield is gradually drawn close to the portal soil body is originated, and shield chain-drive section is cut the soil body, then through the cutterhead rotary cutting soil body,
Full of shield machine Tu Cang, earth balance pressure power is begun setting up with balance shield earth balance pressure, it is ensured that the displacement of the soil body is minimized
Value.The construction parameter in shield launching stage is determined according to test of many times, after shield machine, which integrally enters hole, to be enclosed, passes through section of jurisdiction slip casting
Hole equably fills space, mortar leakage prevention to pressure injection hydraulicity slurries outside section of jurisdiction.During propulsion, observation reaction frame and below is noted
Whether diagonal brace is deformed, and prevents that displacement is excessive and damages.To reduce the propelling resistance of shield, before propulsion, in shield
Coating lubricating oil on seat surface.
C, reaction frame, support and built-in fitting
Reaction frame and its support
Shield reaction frame is made up of steel loop, backing frame and bracing members, the wide 50cm of steel loop, steel loop required precision：Anchor ring is smooth
5mm is spent, makes concrete section of jurisdiction uniform force；Steel loop rear portion makes backing frame with the Pin I-steel of 56# bis-, is welded between steel loop and backing frame
Fix and use Φ 529mm steel pipe supports, back seat opposite force during shield driving is transferred to the bottom plate of agent structure by bracing members
On side wall, bracing members are welded on pre-buried steel plate or bar planting steel plate.
The top of reaction frame and the diagonal brace of bottom：Top is respectively evenly arranged reinforcing using the bracing members of 4 HW200 × 200, tiltedly
The stress of reaction frame is reached middle plate by support；Bottom is respectively also evenly arranged reinforcings using the bracing members of 4 HW250 × 250, and diagonal brace will be instead
The stress of power frame reaches bottom plate.
The contact surface proper treatment contacted in bracing members with concrete slab or beam, carries out welding steel.First corresponding
Concrete cover is cut on position, steel plate is welded on structure reinforcing bars, steel plate thickness is 15mm, size have to be larger than support
Dignity.The position handled on bottom plate is needed to include：The positions such as reaction frame bottom, diagonal brace.Particular location scene when implementing is true
It is fixed.
D, surface subsidence monitoring
(1) surface subsidence monitoring
1. implementation is monitored
Basic point is buried：Basic point should be embedded in the stability region beyond settlement influence scope, and should be embedded in broad view,
Sighting condition is preferably local；Basic point quantity is arranged as required to, and basic point is solid and reliable.
Subsidence survey point is buried：With impact drill in surface drilling, long 200mm~300mm, diameter 20mm~30mm are then placed in
Round end reinforcing bar, surrounding tamped with cement mortar.
Measuring method：Observation procedure uses precise leveling method.Basic point and neighbouring bench mark translocation obtain initial high
Journey.Every limit difference preferably strict control during observation, per the measuring point reading discrepancy in elevation no more than 0.3mm, to the sight not on leveling line
Measuring point, a survey station no more than 3, more than when should read backsight point reading again, to check.First Observation should be carried out to measuring point
Double observation, twice the difference of elevation should be less than ± 1.0mm, average as initial value.
Sedimentation value is calculated：In the case where condition is permitted, traverse net is laid as far as possible, to carry out adjustment processing, is carried
High accuracy of observation, then carries out adjustment according to survey station, tries to achieve each point height.Before construction, measured by basic point by the measurement of the level grand
The initial elevation H0 of observation station is fallen into, the elevation measured in work progress is Hn.Then discrepancy in elevation △ H=Hn-H0 are sedimentation value.
2. data analysis and processing
Ground settlement is measured and carried out with construction speed, monitors in time according to position, step is excavated, and each subsidence survey point is sunk
Depreciation is depicted as sedimentation change curve, sedimentation pace of change figure, acceleration plots.
E, surface crack observation
The monitoring of surface cracks situation is usually as one of subway open cut, the important evidence of shield-tunneling construction influence degree.Adopt
With the method directly observed, crack is numbered and survey reading location is marked, can surveyed read with steel ruler if necessary.Monitor quantity and position
Put and determined according to field condition.
F, earth's surface building settlement, inclination and Crack Monitoring
(1) Building's Subsidence Survey
1. implementation is monitored
Measuring point is buried：Building in the vertical and horizontal coverage of surface subsidence should carry out building sinking and incline
Tiltedly monitoring, the embedded of basic point is observed with ground settlement.Subsidence survey point is buried, and is bored with impact drill on the basis of building or wall
Hole, is then placed in long diameter 20mm~30mm cup head moment reinforcement, and surrounding is tamped with cement mortar.The embedded height of measuring point
Observation should be facilitated, safeguard measure should be taken to measuring point, it is to avoid destroyed in work progress.Typically arranged on per building building
4 observation stations, especially important building arranges 6 measuring points.
Measuring method：It is identical with ground settlement observation.
Settlement calculation：It is identical with ground settlement observation.
2. data analysis and processing
Using comparison method, graphing method and mathematics, physical model, each monitoring magnitude of physical quantity size, changing rule, development are analyzed
Trend, is estimated so as to the safe condition to engineering and the measure that should take, decision-making.
Draw time-displacement curve scatter diagram and apart from displacement curve scatter diagram.If the change of displacement with the time gradually
It is stable, illustrate that country rock is in stable state, support system is effective, reliable.In anomalous curve, in the event of inflection point,
This detail bit removes existing unusual sharp increase phenomenon, and it has been in unstable state to show country rock and supporting, should corresponding work immediately
Journey measure.
After enough data are obtained, also suitable function should be selected, to monitoring according to the data distribution situation of scatter diagram
As a result regression analysis is carried out, to predict maximum displacement value that the measuring point is likely to occur, the safe condition of pre- geodesic structure and building.
(2) building tear is observed
The sedimentation and inclination of building necessarily cause the Stress relief of structural elements and produce crack, crack developing situation
Monitoring is usually as one of important evidence of construction infection degree.Generally using the method directly observed, crack is numbered
And survey reading location is marked, observe the generation evolution in crack.Fracture width, which is carried out, as necessary by crack observer surveys reading.Prison
Quantitation and position are determined according to field condition.
G, monitoring frequency and standard
Constructive technique archives value controls standard scale
According to above-mentioned monitoring management benchmark, monitoring frequency may be selected：It is general appropriate in III grade of management phase monitoring frequency
Amplify；Then note encryption monitoring number of times in II grade of management phase；Then paid close attention in I grade of management phase, strengthen monitoring, prison
Measured frequency can reach 1-2 times/day or more.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of narrow space shield launching method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
A, portal displacement is originated using layering substitute mode from bottom to top, original ground-connecting-wall is put with plain earth concrete
Change；Extension originates portal steel loop, so that shield launching termination, which is reinforced, reaches desired effects, it is ensured that the smooth of shield machine is originated；
B, shield machine is checked, safeguarded and debugged；
C, by reaction frame and negative endless tube piece carry out shield launching.
2. narrow space shield launching method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Point in described step a
Stratification is changed, per layer height 0.5m~1.5m；Emergency materials are prepared during construction of replacing, to prevent underground water enrichment area from caving in.
3. narrow space shield launching method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Prolonging in described step a
Length originates portal steel loop and is specially：Set at least twice close on the inside of steel loop for extending portal, steel loop originating portal and installing
Steel brush is sealed, while injected hole is reserved in steel loop side, to facilitate injection grease sealing in origination process.
4. narrow space shield launching method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Also include originating portal displacement
During originate abolishing for portal, be specially：
Using every layer of 0.5m~1.5m of hand fit's mechanical breaking internal layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, then cut off the reinforcing bar of internal layer；
Cut off and abolish outer layer ground-connecting-wall concrete after the reinforcing bar of internal layer again, the reinforcing bar of outer layer is then cut off again；
Ensure that reinforcing bar is cut off to flush with originating the steel loop of portal afterwards；
When abolishing outer layer ground-connecting-wall concrete, it is ensured that original ground-connecting-wall meets the structural integrity of native surface concrete protective layer, to reduce
The generation probability that leak and silt cave in.
5. narrow space shield launching method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Portal is originated to abolish and reinforcing bar
Every one layer of completion is cut off, plain earth concrete is sprayed using C25 and replaces one layer；The displacement thickness of plain earth concrete is 1m~1.5m,
To ensure the stability of portal.
6. narrow space shield launching method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Plain earth concrete course of injection
In, it is reserved in faceTapping pipe, tapping pipe, which is stayed, sets spacing as 0.8m~1.2m, with quincuncial arrangement；In phase
The lap position of adjacent two layers of displacement layer lays the bamboo chip for being connected between laminin earth concrete up and down, and the distribution spacing of bamboo chip is
0.3m~0.8m, bamboo chip is using inside and outside double-deck laying.
7. narrow space shield launching method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：Before portal displacement is originated,
Waterglass slurries slip casting is carried out to originating the portal soil body using mini-valve tube, to carry out sealing, makes stratum water content reduction, so as to protect
The construction that card originates door opening displacement is normally carried out；Originating using type steel support progress consolidation process at door opening, to reduce shield
The pressure produced when machine is originated is to originating the influence of door opening and the periphery soil body.
8. narrow space shield launching method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that：Described
Step b specific implementation step includes：
Repaired to supporting after cutter and shield machine；
The cutting knife of front hobboing cutter, edge hobboing cutter, center double-edged hobbing cutter, the scraper of serious wear and serious wear is checked
Or change；
Tool rest is checked, the progress of serious wear is changed；
To rear supporting chassis, battery truck and straddle truck carry out maintenance and inspection, it is ensured that equipment it is intact.
9. narrow space shield launching method according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterised in that：Described
Step c specific implementation step is：
Start that negative endless tube piece is installed, negative endless tube piece is installed on side, and shield machine side is enclosed to hole and promoted；
It is that the propelling resistance reduced during shield launching and the cutter head avoided on cutterhead damage hole sealing device, in cutterhead and hole
Coating lubricating oil is to reduce frictional force on sealing device.
10. narrow space shield launching method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：Shield is native to portal is originated
Body is gradually drawn close, and shield chain-drive section is cut the soil body, then through the cutterhead rotary cutting soil body, full of shield machine Tu Cang, begin setting up
Earth balance pressure power is with balance shield earth balance pressure, it is ensured that the displacement of the soil body minimizes value；
The construction parameter in shield launching stage is predefined according to multiple simulated test, after shield machine, which integrally enters hole, to be enclosed, is led to
The injected hole for crossing negative endless tube piece equably fills space to pressure injection hydraulicity slurries outside negative endless tube piece, with mortar leakage prevention；
When shield launching is promoted, whether observation reaction frame and reaction frame rear diagonal brace are deformed, to prevent displacement excessive
And damage；
Before propulsion, the coating lubricating oil on shield seat surface, to reduce the propelling resistance of shield.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710046171.1A CN106812531A (en) | 2017-01-22 | 2017-01-22 | Shield starting construction method of shield machine |
| CN2017100461711 | 2017-01-22 |
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| CN106988754A true CN106988754A (en) | 2017-07-28 |
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| CN201710046171.1A Pending CN106812531A (en) | 2017-01-22 | 2017-01-22 | Shield starting construction method of shield machine |
| CN201710406659.0A Pending CN106988754A (en) | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-02 | Narrow space shield tunneling machine starting method |
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| CN201710046171.1A Pending CN106812531A (en) | 2017-01-22 | 2017-01-22 | Shield starting construction method of shield machine |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN108457662A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-08-28 | 浙江大学城市学院 | A kind of control of weak soil shield launching and reinforcement means |
| CN109611151A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-04-12 | 中铁局集团有限公司 | One kind closing on shield machine in Business Line small space and hangs out method |
| CN113389558A (en) * | 2021-07-02 | 2021-09-14 | 中铁十一局集团有限公司 | TBM (Tunnel boring machine) starting platform for narrow space and construction method thereof |
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| CN108678756A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-19 | 青岛新华友建工集团股份有限公司 | It closes on rivers highly permeable stratum major diameter slurry shield and originates construction safely |
| CN108561140A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-21 | 中国建筑第四工程局有限公司 | A kind of Shield-bored tunnels extend steel loop and originate construction method |
| CN111305856B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-11-05 | 上海应用技术大学 | Shield construction starting method for subway in narrow section |
| CN111608691B (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-07-12 | 中铁十四局集团大盾构工程有限公司 | Shield working well template support construction method |
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| CN106812531A (en) | 2017-06-09 |
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