CN106984877B - Cutting-in is layered adjustable electric discharge ablation milling fast feed method of servo-controlling - Google Patents
Cutting-in is layered adjustable electric discharge ablation milling fast feed method of servo-controlling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106984877B CN106984877B CN201710273263.3A CN201710273263A CN106984877B CN 106984877 B CN106984877 B CN 106984877B CN 201710273263 A CN201710273263 A CN 201710273263A CN 106984877 B CN106984877 B CN 106984877B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
- B23H1/022—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges for shaping the discharge pulse train
Abstract
A kind of electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling, it is characterized in that in electric discharge ablation milling process, electrode carries out fast feed with constant speed, efficient ablation this layer of workpiece material of ablation, then, using this layer of process time as the sampling period, using this layer of processing electric current signal as sampled signal, this layer of sample rate current pulse probabilities are obtained by sample circuit；Sample rate current pulse probabilities are compared with set current impulse probability, scale factor is obtained as cutting-in and adjusts foundation, so as to adjust next layer of milling depth.Layering cutting-in is based on upper layer milling current impulse probability work in-process in line computation adjustment, so that actual processing current impulse probability is gradually intended to set current impulse probability in this way.The present invention controls that precision is high, and cutting-in in layering electric discharge ablation milling process can be prevented excessive or the generation of too small phenomenon can be improved processing stability and processing quality suitable for the Stratified Strategy of the form processings such as discharging induced ablation milling and electric spark milling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric discharge ablation Milling Process technology, especially a kind of servo control for ablation Milling Process of discharging
Method processed, specifically a kind of rotation electrode fast feed suitable for ablation Milling Process of discharging are general based on current impulse
Rate detection carries out the servo method of layering cutting-in control.
Background technique
It is new to tie with the fast development of aerospace industry, medical instrument, auto industry and nuclear industry in world wide
Structure, new material continuously emerge, titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, high strength steel and composite material use ratio be gradually increased, part is more
Have the characteristics that structure is complicated, removal amount is big, thin-walled, entirety.Since the physical property and part removal amount of material itself are big
The characteristics of, so that extremely difficult using tradition machinery cutting working method to above-mentioned material and structure.
Electrical discharge machining utilizes the high temperature galvanic corrosion generated when two interpolar pulsed discharges to make as a kind of special process method
With ablation material.Its machining accuracy is high, stability is good, is capable of processing the unmanageable material of conventional cutting working method and complex shape
The defects of workpiece of shape, process is not present macroscopical cutting force, does not generate burr.Electrical discharge milling machining utilizes simple electrode
(also referred to as normal electrode) does building motion according to certain track, uses for reference numerical control mill if stick electrode is under digital control system control
Processing method is cut, workpiece shape required for, in the electric discharge of different relative position knives position, processing between simple electrode and workpiece is passed through
Shape.Electrical discharge milling machining technology has become one of the powerful measure of three dimensional type chamber electrical discharge machining.However since it has
The general character of electrical discharge machining, ablation efficiency are limited by the output of pulse power energy, and it is always that it is difficult to overcome that processing efficiency is low
Bottleneck problem.
Discharging induced ablation Milling Process is a kind of without macroscopical cutting force special process method, in conventional electric spark milling
New energy is introduced in processing --- a large amount of chemical energy of metal burning release, processing efficiency is conventional electrical discharge milling machining
Ten several times or even dozens of times, be particularly suitable for difficult-to-machine material, big removal amount part processing.
Existing electrical discharge milling machining layering is the average layering thought based on mechanical milling, i.e., the cutting-in of every layer milling
It is identical.Since electric discharge ablation Milling Process has the characteristics that processing efficiency is significantly larger than conventional electric spark milling, existing electricity
Electrode feed servo used by spark milling, which controls, is not suitable for efficient discharge induction ablation Milling Process.The present invention is for electric discharge
Ablation milling high-efficiency machining method is induced, proposes that the electrode fast feed for being suitable for its processing characteristic and cutting-in are layered adjustable watch
Control method is taken, realizes the processing of efficient stable.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is adjust for electrode feed speed used by existing electrical discharge milling machining with voltage
Be detected as averagely being layered the problem of not being suitable for efficient discharge ablation Milling Process according to, milling cutting-in, invent a kind of electrode with
Constant speed fast feed and the adjustable electric discharge ablation milling method of servo-controlling of layered milling single layer cutting-in.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling, it is characterized in that electric discharge ablation Milling Process rotation electrode is with perseverance
Constant speed degree fast feed, layering cutting-in are based on upper layer milling current impulse probability work in-process and carry out calculating adjustment, single layer cutting-in
It is adjustable in 1 μm~1000 μ ms.In electric discharge ablation milling process, electrode carries out fast feed with constant speed, high
This layer of workpiece material of ablation ablation is imitated, is sampling with this layer of processing electric current signal using this layer of process time as the sampling period then
Signal obtains this layer of sample rate current pulse probabilities by sample circuit；By sample rate current pulse probabilities and set electric current arteries and veins
It rushes probability to be compared, obtains scale factor as cutting-in and adjust foundation, so as to adjust next layer of milling depth.Its control principle
As shown in Figure 1, control flow is as shown in Figure 2:
It processes at this time and is carrying out i-th layer of milling, i-th layer of cutting-in δiIt is determined via upper one layer of machining state, from i-th layer
Milling starts, and the time terminated to this layer of milling is sampling period Ti.In TiIn time, sampled signal acquisition generates current signal
Pulse number, calculated by microprocessor, the current impulse that sampled signal number is obtained i-th layer divided by overall pulse number is general
Rate.Pass through formula
Scale factor=[the current impulse probability ÷ sample rate current pulse probabilities of setting]n
N is one greater than 0 number less than 1, and n is smaller, and for the amplitude that each milling depth is adjusted with regard to smaller, change in depth is smaller.
But if n value is too small, next layer of machining state adjustment can be caused unobvious because change in depth is too small, generally take 1/3≤n
≤1/2。
Obtain scale factor γi, then the cutting-in δ of i+1 layeri+1Then it is adjusted to γi·δi。
The characteristics of according to electric discharge ablation Milling Process, since single layer milling depth is smaller, during electrode fast feed,
Material and the quick ablation of oxygen ablation, non-ablation material can be therefore normal in next layer of process by quick ablation on a small quantity
Discharge pulse ratio accounts for 60% or so, and bar pulse ratio is 20%, and short circuit pulse ratio is 20% or so.Normally adding
Current impulse can be all generated under work and short-circuit condition, therefore under desired discharge condition, the probability for generating current impulse is
80% or more.According to rapidoprint and the difference of pulse parameter, desired current impulse probability changes in a certain range, generally
It is 65%~85%.So the current impulse probability of setting is generally between 65%~85%.
When sample rate current pulse probabilities are greater than set current impulse probability, then by the milling depth of this layer multiplied by ratio
The factor (at this time less than 1) avoids excessive short circuit phenomenon occur in next layer of milling process to reduce by next layer of milling depth；When
Sample rate current pulse probabilities are less than the current impulse probability of setting, then the milling depth of this layer is (big at this time multiplied by scale factor
In 1), increase next layer of milling depth, avoids occurring excessive unloaded phenomenon in next layer of milling process.Finally, so that practical electricity
Stream pulse probabilities are gradually intended to set current impulse probability, so that each layer of electric discharge ablation Milling Process is in desired
Machining state.The pulse of the generation electric current includes regular picture pulse and short circuit pulse.
Electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling single layer machined electrode fast feed of the invention, lift height according to
Upper one layer of machining state is adjustable.
Constant fast feed speed value within the scope of 0.1 μm/s-100mm/s.
The discharging induced ablation milling electrode revolving speed is 60-6000rpm.
The electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling is equally applicable to conventional electrical discharge milling machining.
The single layer milling depth is adjustable in 1 μm~1000 μ ms.
The sampling period is ablation milling single layer process time, and different layers sample period time length is different.
The microprocessor receives sample circuit signal, to calculate the current impulse probability in the sampling period；Root
According in the sampling period current impulse probability and set current impulse probability obtain scale factor, as next layer of milling point
The adjustment foundation of layer depth.
The sample circuit is using current characteristics as servo foundation.
The sample circuit includes with voltage characteristic for control foundation；Generating the pulse of voltage at this time includes regular picture
With open circuit pulse；According in the sampling period voltage pulse probability and set voltage pulse probability obtain scale factor, make
To control foundation.
Set current impulse probability is generally 65%~85%, can be according to workpieces processing material, processing efficiency requirement
And parameter is adjusted.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention is adapted to the efficient feature of electric discharge ablation Milling Process to the greatest extent, to being layered in Milling Processes
Thickness carries out closed loop adjustment, so that processing is utmostly in desired machining state.
The method of the present invention is simple and easy to do, and use scope is wide, is applicable to discharging induced ablation layered milling and conventional electricity
Spark layered milling SERVO CONTROL.
The present invention is conducive to improve process velocity, and realizes stable process.
The present invention in process, can adjust set current impulse probability, to meet different processing requests.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the milling depth hierarchical control schematic diagram of method of servo-controlling of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of method of servo-controlling of the invention；
Fig. 3 is electric discharge ablation milling current-voltage waveform figure under different milling cutting-ins；
Fig. 4 is to carry out discharging induced ablation Milling Process efficiency using traditional servo system and using servo method of the present invention
Comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is the picture in kind that discharging induced ablation Milling Process is carried out using servo method of the present invention；
Table 1 is the metal discharge induction ablation Milling Process process conditions of the embodiment of the present invention.
Table 1
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing with example to further instruction of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 3 is the ablation milling current-voltage waveform figure that discharged using milling cutting-ins different under the conditions of 1 technological parameter of table, by scheming
In it should be apparent that under different milling cutting-ins, the probability that current impulse occurs has apparent difference, i.e. single layer is cut
Deep bigger, current impulse occurrence probability is bigger.
The machining state of interpolar is distinguished by the probability of current impulse appearance, and then is adjusted milling and be layered cutting-in.
Example 1:
It is processed using technological parameter shown in table one.Method one: average layering electric discharge is carried out using conventional servo method
Induce ablation milling；Method two: using the discharging induced ablation milling of servo method of the present invention.Wherein one average mark thickness of method
Degree is 5 μm, and electrode servo feed speed is controlled by interpolar average voltage；Method two sets ideal current pulse probabilities as 70%,
Fast feed speed is 10mm/s, and first layer milling depth is 5 μm.If n=1/3 in scale factor formula.
Two kinds of processing method processing efficiency comparison diagrams are as shown in Figure 4.
Example 2:
It is processed using technological parameter shown in table one.Using the discharging induced ablation milling of servo method of the present invention.If
Constant current pulse probabilities are 75%, and fast feed speed is 10mm/s, and first layer milling depth is 5 μm.In process, it is
System constantly adjustment layered milling thickness.It is as shown in Figure 5 to process pictorial diagram.
Example 3:
It is processed using technological parameter shown in table one.Using the discharging induced ablation milling of servo method of the present invention.If
Theorem thinks that current impulse probability is 80%, and fast feed speed is 10mm/s, and first layer milling depth is 4 μm.If scale factor
N=1/3. in formula
If detecting in a certain detection cycle, current current impulse probability is 88%, and current feed speed is 5 μm.
Scale factor=((88%) ÷ (80%))1/3=1.03
Next layer of cutting-in is adjusted according to obtained scale factor.
δ=5 × 1.03 μm=5.15 μm
Gradually it is intended to set current impulse probability by constantly adjusting the current impulse probability for being.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is the same as those in the prior art or can be realized by using the prior art.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling, it is characterized in that electric discharge ablation Milling Process rotation electrode is with constant
Speed fast feed, layering cutting-in are based on upper layer milling current impulse probability work in-process and carry out calculating adjustment, and single layer cutting-in is 1
μm~1000 μ ms in it is adjustable；Electric discharge ablation milling process in, discharge ablation milling rotation electrode with constant speed into
Row fast feed, efficient this layer of workpiece material of ablation ablation, then, using this layer of process time as the sampling period, with the processing of this layer
Current signal is sampled signal, obtains this layer of sample rate current pulse probabilities by sample circuit；By sample rate current pulse probabilities with
Set current impulse probability is compared, and is obtained scale factor as cutting-in and is adjusted foundation, so as to adjust next layer of milling
Depth；It includes the following steps:
Step 1: first layer milling cutting-in is set as fixed value in 1 μm~1000 μ ms first, according to pre-stage test knot
Motor is set as prestissimo when current impulse probability is more than 80% and carries out fast feed by fruit, and the speed is entirely adding
It is remained unchanged during work；
Step 2: using first layer process time as the sampling period, using first layer discharge current signal as sampled signal, in first layer
After milling, current impulse probability of occurrence is acquired during the sampling period by sample circuit to obtain sample rate current pulse
Probability；Sample rate current pulse probabilities refer to that the number for the pulse for generating electric current accounts for the percentage of sampling period overall pulse number；
Step 3: sample rate current pulse probabilities are calculated and are stored using microprocessor, by sample rate current pulse probabilities with
Set current impulse probability is compared, and is obtained scale factor as cutting-in and is controlled foundation, by first layer Milling Process
Cutting-in obtains second layer cutting-in multiplied by scale factor；
Step 4: carrying out second layer electric discharge ablation milling with obtained cutting-in；
Step 5: using second layer process time as the sampling period, using the second discharge current signal as sampled signal, in the second milling
After, by sample circuit during the sampling period current impulse probability of occurrence is acquired to obtain sample rate current pulse it is general
Rate, and compare to obtain scale factor, further obtain third layer cutting-in；
Step 6: and so on, until process finishing；
Scale factor can acquire according to the following formula:
Scale factor=[the current impulse probability ÷ sample rate current pulse probabilities of setting]n
In formula: the value of exponential constant n is 1/3≤n≤1/2；
The current impulse probability of setting is according to different processing methods, situation and object desirable 65%~85%；
When sample rate current pulse probabilities are greater than set current impulse probability, then by the cutting-in of this layer of Milling Process multiplied by ratio
The factor reduces by next layer of milling depth；When sample rate current pulse probabilities are less than the current impulse probability of setting, then by this layer of milling
The cutting-in of processing increases next layer of cutting-in multiplied by scale factor；So that actual current pulse probabilities be gradually intended to it is set
Current impulse probability；The pulse of the generation electric current includes regular picture and short circuit pulse.
2. electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the electric discharge ablation
Milling rotation electrode revolving speed is 60-6000rpm.
3. electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling according to claim 1 is burnt it is characterized in that it is suitable for electric discharge
The layering SERVO CONTROL for losing Milling Process, is equally applicable to conventional electric spark layered milling SERVO CONTROL.
4. electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that electrode is with constant speed
Degree carries out fast feed, speed value within the scope of 0.1 μm/s-100mm/s.
5. electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the sampling period
For each layer of process time of milling, and different layers process time is not necessarily identical.
6. electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling according to claim 1, described in sample circuit include with
Voltage characteristic is control foundation；The pulse for generating voltage at this time includes regular picture and open circuit pulse；According in the sampling period
Voltage pulse probability and set voltage pulse probability obtain scale factor, as control foundation.
7. electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that set electric current arteries and veins
It rushes that probability is related with the efficiency of processing, surface quality, export license, and is changed at any time for different processing requests.
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| CN110605442B (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2020-09-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Controllable discharge ablation processing method for combustible difficult-to-process material with adjustable combustion-supporting gas concentration |
| CN109202192B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-09-17 | 清华大学 | Fine electric spark servo scanning machined parameters preferred method and system |
| CN110883392B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-09-22 | 深圳大学 | Electromachining method, device, apparatus, and storage medium |
| CN111822801B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-06-25 | 成都和鸿科技有限公司 | Method for milling turbine blade expansion hole by electric spark |
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