CN106984877A - The adjustable electric discharge ablation milling fast feed method of servo-controlling of cutting-in layering - Google Patents
The adjustable electric discharge ablation milling fast feed method of servo-controlling of cutting-in layering Download PDFInfo
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- CN106984877A CN106984877A CN201710273263.3A CN201710273263A CN106984877A CN 106984877 A CN106984877 A CN 106984877A CN 201710273263 A CN201710273263 A CN 201710273263A CN 106984877 A CN106984877 A CN 106984877A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H1/00—Electrical discharge machining, i.e. removing metal with a series of rapidly recurring electrical discharges between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of a fluid dielectric
- B23H1/02—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges
- B23H1/022—Electric circuits specially adapted therefor, e.g. power supply, control, preventing short circuits or other abnormal discharges for shaping the discharge pulse train
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Abstract
One kind electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling, it is characterized in that in electric discharge ablation milling process, electrode carries out fast feed with constant speed, efficient ablation this layer of workpiece material of ablation, then, using this layer of process time as the sampling period, using this layer of processing electric current signal as sampled signal, this layer of sample rate current pulse probabilities are obtained by sample circuit；Sample rate current pulse probabilities are compared with set current impulse probability, scale factor is obtained as cutting-in and adjusts foundation, so as to adjust next layer of milling depth.So layering cutting-in is based on upper strata milling current impulse probability work in-process in line computation adjustment so that actual processing current impulse probability is progressively intended to set current impulse probability.Control accuracy of the present invention is high, cutting-in in layering electric discharge ablation milling process can be prevented excessive or too small phenomenon generation, it is adaptable to the Stratified Strategy of the form processing such as discharging induced ablation milling and electric spark milling, it is possible to increase processing stability and crudy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to one kind electric discharge ablation Milling Process technology, especially a kind of servo control for ablation Milling Process of discharging
Method processed, specifically a kind of rotation electrode fast feed for being applied to electric discharge ablation Milling Process is general based on current impulse
Rate detection carries out the servo method of layering cutting-in control.
Background technology
With the fast development of aerospace industry in world wide, medicine equipment, auto industry and nuclear industry, new knot
Structure, new material are continuously emerged, and titanium alloy, high temperature alloy, the use ratio of high strength steel and composite are gradually stepped up, and part is more
With complicated, removal amount is big, thin-walled, it is overall the features such as.Because the physical property and part removal amount of material itself are big
The characteristics of so that it is extremely difficult using tradition machinery cutting working method to above-mentioned material and structure.
Electrical discharge machining is as a kind of special process method, and it utilizes the high temperature galvanic corrosion produced during two interpolar pulsed discharges to make
Use ablation material.Its machining accuracy is high, stability is good, can process the conventional unmanageable material of cutting working method and complex shape
Macroscopical cutting force is not present in the workpiece of shape, process, and the defects such as burr are not produced.Electrical discharge milling machining utilizes simple electrode
(also referred to as normal electrode), such as stick electrode does building motion under digital control system control according to certain track, uses for reference numerical control mill
Processing mode is cut, by the electric discharge between simple electrode and workpiece in different relative position cutter spacing, workpiece shape required for processing
Shape.Electrical discharge milling machining technology has become one of powerful measure of three-dimensional die cavity electrical discharge machining.Have yet with it
The general character of electrical discharge machining, ablation efficiency is limited by the output of pulse power energy, and low processing efficiency is always that it is difficult to overcome
Bottleneck problem.
Discharging induced ablation Milling Process is a kind of without macroscopical cutting force special process method, and it is in conventional electric spark milling
New energy is introduced in processing --- a large amount of chemical energy of metal burning release, its processing efficiency is conventional electrical discharge milling machining
Ten several times even decades of times, be particularly suitable for difficult-to-machine material, big removal amount part processing.
Existing electrical discharge milling machining layering is the average layering thought based on mechanical milling, i.e., the cutting-in of every layer milling
It is identical.Because electric discharge ablation Milling Process has the characteristics of processing efficiency is significantly larger than conventional electric spark milling, therefore existing electricity
The electrode feed servo control that spark milling is used is not suitable for efficient discharge induction ablation Milling Process.The present invention is for electric discharge
Ablation milling high-efficiency machining method is induced, proposes that the electrode fast feed suitable for its processing characteristic and cutting-in are layered adjustable watch
Control method is taken, the processing of efficient stable is realized.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that the electrode feed speed used for existing electrical discharge milling machining is adjusted with voltage
Be detected as averagely being layered the problem of not being suitable for efficient discharge ablation Milling Process according to, milling cutting-in, invent a kind of electrode with
Constant speed fast feed and the adjustable electric discharge ablation milling method of servo-controlling of layered milling individual layer cutting-in.
The technical scheme is that：
One kind electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling, it is characterized in that electric discharge ablation Milling Process rotation electrode is with constant speed
Fast feed is spent, layering cutting-in is based on upper strata milling current impulse probability work in-process and carries out calculating adjustment, and individual layer cutting-in is at 1 μm
It is adjustable in~1000 μ ms.In electric discharge ablation milling process, electrode carries out fast feed, efficient ablation with constant speed
This layer of workpiece material of ablation, then, using this layer of process time as the sampling period, using this layer of processing electric current signal as sampled signal,
This layer of sample rate current pulse probabilities are obtained by sample circuit；By sample rate current pulse probabilities and set current impulse probability
It is compared, obtains scale factor as cutting-in and adjust foundation, so as to adjust next layer of milling depth.Its control principle such as Fig. 1
Shown, control flow is as shown in Figure 2：
Now process and carry out i-th layer of milling, i-th layer of cutting-in δiDetermined via last layer machining state, from i-th layer
Milling starts, and the time terminated to this layer of milling is sampling period Ti.In TiIn time, sampled signal collection produces current signal
Pulse number, calculated by microprocessor, the current impulse that sampled signal number divided by overall pulse number are obtained into i-th layer is general
Rate.Pass through formula
Scale factor=[the current impulse probability ÷ sample rate currents pulse probabilities of setting]n
N is a number for being less than 1 more than 0, and n is smaller, and the amplitude of each milling depth regulation is just smaller, and change in depth is smaller.But such as
Fruit n values are too small, can typically take 1/3≤n≤1/ because change in depth is too small and causes next layer of machining state adjustment unobvious
2。
Obtain scale factor γi, then i+1 layer cutting-in δi+1Then it is adjusted to γi·δi。
According to the characteristics of electric discharge ablation Milling Process, because individual layer milling depth is smaller, during electrode fast feed,
Material and the quick ablation of oxygen ablation, non-ablation material can be in next layer of process by quick ablation, therefore normally on a small quantity
Discharge pulse ratio accounts for 60% or so, and bar pulse ratio is 20%, and short circuit pulse ratio is 20% or so.Normally adding
Current impulse can be all produced under work and short-circuit condition, therefore under desired discharge condition, the probability for producing current impulse is
More than 80%.According to rapidoprint and the difference of pulse parameter, desired current impulse probability changes within the specific limits, typically
For 65%~85%.So the current impulse probability of setting is general between 65%~85%.
When sample rate current pulse probabilities are more than set current impulse probability, then the milling depth of this layer is multiplied by ratio
The factor (now less than 1), to reduce by next layer of milling depth, it is to avoid excessive short circuit phenomenon occur in next layer of milling process；When
Sample rate current pulse probabilities are less than the current impulse probability of setting, then the milling depth of this layer are multiplied by into scale factor (now big
In 1), increase next layer of milling depth, it is to avoid occur excessive unloaded phenomenon in next layer of milling process.Finally so that actual electricity
Stream pulse probabilities are progressively intended to set current impulse probability so that each layer of electric discharge ablation Milling Process is in desired
Machining state.The pulse of described generation electric current includes regular picture pulse and short circuit pulse.
The electric discharge ablation milling servo strategies individual layer machined electrode fast feed of the present invention, lift height adds according to last layer
Work state is adjustable.
Described constant fast feed speed value in the range of 0.1 μm/s-100mm/s.
Described discharging induced ablation milling electrode rotating speed is 60-6000rpm.
Described electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy is equally applicable to conventional electrical discharge milling machining.
Described individual layer milling depth is adjustable in 1 μm~1000 μ ms.
The described sampling period is ablation milling individual layer process time, and different layers sample period time length is different.
Described microprocessor receives sample circuit signal, so as to calculate the current impulse probability in the sampling period；Root
Scale factor is obtained according to the current impulse probability in the sampling period and set current impulse probability, next layer of milling point is used as
The adjustment foundation of layer depth.
Described sample circuit is using current characteristics as servo foundation.
Described sample circuit can also be using voltage characteristic as control foundation；Now producing the pulse of voltage includes normally putting
Electricity and open circuit pulse；Scale factor is obtained according to the voltage pulse probability in the sampling period and set voltage pulse probability,
It is used as control foundation.
Set current impulse probability is generally 65%~85%, can be according to processing workpiece material, processing efficiency requirement
And parameter is adjusted.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
It is of the invention to be farthest adapted to the characteristics of electric discharge ablation Milling Process is efficient, to lift height in Milling Processes
Carry out closed loop adjustment so that processing is at utmost in desired machining state.
The inventive method is simple and easy to do, wide using scope, is applicable to discharging induced ablation milling and conventional electric spark
Milling Stratified Strategy.
The present invention is conducive to improving process velocity, and realizes stable process.
The present invention in process, can adjust set current impulse probability, to meet different processing requests.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the milling depth hierarchical control schematic diagram of the method for servo-controlling of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the control flow chart of the method for servo-controlling of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is electric discharge ablation milling current-voltage waveform figure under different milling cutting-ins；
Fig. 4 is with carrying out discharging induced ablation Milling Process efficiency using servo method of the present invention using traditional servo system
Comparison diagram；
Fig. 5 is the picture in kind that discharging induced ablation Milling Process is carried out using servo method of the present invention；
Table 1 is the metal discharge induction ablation Milling Process process conditions of the embodiment of the present invention.
Table 1
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings with example to further instruction of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 3 is using different milling cutting-in electric discharge ablation milling current-voltage waveform figures under the conditions of the technological parameter of table 1, by scheming
In it should be apparent that under different milling cutting-ins, the probability that current impulse occurs has obvious difference, i.e. individual layer to cut
Deep bigger, current impulse occurrence probability is bigger.
The probability occurred by current impulse distinguishes the machining state of interpolar, and then adjusts milling layering cutting-in.
Example 1：
It is processed using technological parameter shown in table one.Method one：Average layering electric discharge is carried out using conventional servo method
Induce ablation milling；Method two：Using the discharging induced ablation milling of servo method of the present invention.The wherein average mark thickness of method one
Spend for 5 μm, electrode servo feed speed is controlled by interpolar average voltage；Method two sets ideal current pulse probabilities as 70%,
Fast feed speed is 10mm/s, and first layer milling depth is 5 μm.If n=1/3 in scale factor formula.
Two kinds of processing mode processing efficiency comparison diagrams are as shown in Figure 4.
Example 2：
It is processed using technological parameter shown in table one.Using the discharging induced ablation milling of servo method of the present invention.If
It is 75% to determine current impulse probability, and fast feed speed is 10mm/s, and first layer milling depth is 5 μm.In process, it is
System constantly adjustment layered milling thickness.Process pictorial diagram as shown in Figure 5.
Example 3：
It is processed using technological parameter shown in table one.Using the discharging induced ablation milling of servo method of the present invention.If
Theorem thinks that current impulse probability is 80%, and fast feed speed is 10mm/s, and first layer milling depth is 4 μm.If scale factor
N=1/3. in formula
If it is 88% that current current impulse probability is detected in a certain detection cycle, current feed speed is 5 μm.
Scale factor=((88%) ÷ (80%))1/3=1.03
Next layer of cutting-in is adjusted according to resulting scale factor.
δ=5 × 1.03 μm=5.15 μm
The current impulse probability for being by constantly adjusting progressively is intended to set current impulse probability.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is same as the prior art or can be realized using prior art.
Claims (10)
1. one kind electric discharge ablation layered milling method of servo-controlling, it is characterized in that electric discharge ablation Milling Process rotation electrode is with constant
Speed fast feed, layering cutting-in is based on upper strata milling current impulse probability work in-process and carries out calculating adjustment, and individual layer cutting-in is 1
μm~1000 adjustable in μ m.In electric discharge ablation milling process, rotation electrode carries out fast feed with constant speed, high
Ablation this layer of workpiece material of ablation is imitated, then, using this layer of process time as the sampling period, using this layer of processing electric current signal as sampling
Signal, this layer of sample rate current pulse probabilities are obtained by sample circuit；By sample rate current pulse probabilities and set electric current arteries and veins
Rush probability to be compared, obtain scale factor as cutting-in and adjust foundation, so as to adjust next layer of milling depth.It includes as follows
Step：
The first step：First layer milling cutting-in is set as fixed value in 1 μm~1000 μ ms first, according to pre-stage test knot
Really, prestissimo when motor being set as into current impulse probability more than 80% carries out fast feed, and the speed is entirely adding
Kept during work constant.
Second step：Using first layer process time as the sampling period, using first layer discharge current signal as sampled signal, in first layer
After milling terminates, current impulse probability of occurrence is acquired within the sampling period by sample circuit and obtains sample rate current pulse
Probability；The number that sample rate current pulse probabilities refer to the pulse for producing electric current accounts for the percentage of sampling period overall pulse number.
3rd step：Sample rate current pulse probabilities are calculated and stored using microprocessor, by sample rate current pulse probabilities with
Set current impulse probability is compared, and is obtained scale factor as cutting-in and is controlled foundation, by first layer Milling Process
Cutting-in is multiplied by scale factor, obtains second layer cutting-in.
4th step：Second layer electric discharge ablation milling is carried out with obtained cutting-in.
5th step：Using second layer process time as the sampling period, using the second discharge current signal as sampled signal, in the second milling
After end, it is acquired within the sampling period that to obtain sample rate current pulse general to current impulse probability of occurrence by sample circuit
Rate, and compare and obtain scale factor, further obtain third layer cutting-in.
6th step：By that analogy, until process finishing.
Scale factor can be tried to achieve according to following formula：
Scale factor=[the current impulse probability ÷ sample rate currents pulse probabilities of setting]n
In formula：Exponential constant n value is 1/3≤n≤1/2；
The current impulse probability of setting is according to different processing modes, situation and object desirable 65%~85%；
When sample rate current pulse probabilities are more than set current impulse probability, then the cutting-in of this layer of Milling Process is multiplied by ratio
The factor, reduces by next layer of milling depth；When sample rate current pulse probabilities are less than the current impulse probability of setting, then by this layer of milling
The cutting-in of processing is multiplied by scale factor, the cutting-in of next layer of increase；So that actual current pulse probabilities be progressively intended to it is set
Current impulse probability；The pulse of described generation electric current includes regular picture and short circuit pulse.
2. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described discharging induced ablation milling
Electrode rotating speed is 60-6000rpm.
3. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, adds it is characterized in that it is applied to electric discharge ablation milling
The layering SERVO CONTROL of work.It is equally applicable to conventional electrical discharge milling machining Stratified Strategy.
4. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that layered milling individual layer cutting-in 1 μm~
It is adjustable in 1000 μ ms.
5. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that electrode is carried out soon with constant speed
Speed feeding, speed value in the range of 0.1 μm/s-100mm/s.
6. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the described sampling period is that milling is every
One layer of process time, and different layers process time is not necessarily identical.
7. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described microprocessor receives sampling
The signal of circuit, so as to calculate the current impulse probability in the sampling period；According to the current impulse probability in the sampling period and
Set current impulse probability obtains scale factor, is used as control foundation.
8. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described sample circuit is special with electric current
Property for control foundation.
9. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, the sample circuit described in it can also be special with voltage
Property for control foundation；Now producing the pulse of voltage includes regular picture and open circuit pulse；According to the voltage arteries and veins in the sampling period
Rush probability and set voltage pulse probability obtains scale factor, be used as control foundation.
10. the electric discharge ablation milling Stratified Strategy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that set current impulse probability with
The efficiency of processing, surface quality, export license are relevant, and are changed at any time for different processing requests.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109202192A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 清华大学 | Fine electric spark servo scanning machined parameters preferred method and system |
| CN110605442A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | Controllable discharge ablation processing method for combustible difficult-to-process material with adjustable combustion-supporting gas concentration |
| CN110883392A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-17 | 深圳大学 | Electromachining method, device, apparatus, and storage medium |
| CN111822801A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 成都和鸿科技有限公司 | Method for milling turbine blade expansion hole by electric spark |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110883392B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-09-22 | 深圳大学 | Electromachining method, device, apparatus, and storage medium |
| CN111822801A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-10-27 | 成都和鸿科技有限公司 | Method for milling turbine blade expansion hole by electric spark |
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