CN106978614A - A kind of preparation method of the silver-plated contact material of Novel clean graphite - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of the silver-plated contact material of Novel clean graphite Download PDFInfo
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- CN106978614A CN106978614A CN201610032856.6A CN201610032856A CN106978614A CN 106978614 A CN106978614 A CN 106978614A CN 201610032856 A CN201610032856 A CN 201610032856A CN 106978614 A CN106978614 A CN 106978614A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/46—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of silver
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the silver-plated contact material of Novel clean graphite, and methods described comprises the following steps：1) plating solution is prepared：The preparation of the pre- silver plating solutions of a；The preparation of b silver graphite composite plating baths；2) coating is prepared：The processing of a matrixes；The pre- silver coatings of b；C silvering graphite composite beds.The coating of the present invention has excellent electric conductivity, and contact resistance is 28~40 μ Ω (5~20Nm of external torque)；Good thermal conductivity, 260~280Wm of thermal conductivity 1K 1；Excellent wearability, the coefficient of friction when normal temperature and pressure load is 260g is 0.08~0.25；Long lifespan, (400~600N of clamping force) is reached between M1 and M2 grades of standards of disconnecting switch mechanical life grade (division is tested 4000~6000 times, and coating loses 5~10 μm) in mechanical life experiment；Good corrosion resistance, coating reaches 10 grades of neutral salt spray test national standard in salt spray test；Good sulfuration resistant ability, the resistance to SO_2 of coating reaches that navigation mark QJ485 1988 is required；The good combination property of coating is fully able to meet the outwork condition of high voltage isolator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrical contact protective materials, and in particular to a kind of preparation of the silver-plated contact material of Novel clean graphite
Method.
Background technology
It is this using the hard silver design of common silver-plated or plating more than the dynamic and static contact protection position of existing outdoor high-voltage isolating switch
Contact material can provide good electric conductivity, thermal conductivity and low and stable contact resistance, but exist wear extent it is big,
The shortcomings of resistance fusion welding is poor, corrosion resistance is poor, has finally resulted in the heating accident of disconnecting switch.The work of high voltage isolator
Electric current is typically only the 60% of its nominal load current, may be overheated more than 70%, and abnormal heating class defect accounts for isolation
The 35% of overall defect is switched, the safe and stable operation of power network is seriously govern.
Graphite is good self-lubricating material, and the silver-colored graphite composited contact material prepared by galvanoplastic or powder metallurgic method can
To greatly improve the wearability and service life of contact material, and contact material surface easily forms one in use
Layer graphite linings diaphragm, plays a part of reducing contact material surface contacted resistance.However, the silver-colored graphite nowadays prepared is answered
Closing coating, to there is rough surface, consistency low, causes the problem of wear extent is big, service life is short.Therefore, invention one is needed badly
The new method for preparing silver-colored graphite composited contact material is planted, contact material is not only combined the conductive and heat-conductive of silver and graphite
Power and wear and corrosion behavior, and coefficient of friction is small, compactness strong, and service life is long.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of preparation method of the silver-plated contact material of Novel clean graphite, existed using galvanoplastic
Silver-colored graphite composite deposite is prepared on Copper substrate, can ensure that contact material has by the configuration and pre- silver coating of plating solution excellent
The performances such as wearability, inoxidizability and sulfuration resistant ability.
To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme：
A kind of preparation method of the silver-plated contact material of Novel clean graphite, methods described comprises the following steps：
1) plating solution is prepared
The preparation of the pre- silver plating solutions of a：In under 35~55 DEG C and 1~7 pH, compound concentration be respectively 20~30g/L and
210~320g/L Ag and thiocarbamide mixed aqueous solution；
The preparation of b silver graphite composite plating baths：In under 20~50 DEG C and 1~7 pH, compound concentration be respectively 20~45g/L and
360~410g/L Ag and KI mixed aqueous solutions；Again respectively with the dense of 10~50ml/L, 10~50ml/L and 60~100g/L
Degree sequentially adds 10~60min of stirring under dispersant, adjuvant and graphite, 300~1000r/min rotating speeds；
2) coating is prepared
The processing of a matrixes：By matrix surface corrosion in corrosive agent after polishing, oil removing and cleaning, cleaning；
The pre- silver coatings of b：In step 1) in the pre- silver plating solution of gained, the matrix that step a is handled is with 0.1~0.5A/dm2's
Current density reacts 20~60s, cleans matrix；
C silvering graphite composite beds：With 0.1~0.5A/dm2Current density and 300~1000r/min mixing speed, by step
Matrix obtained by b electroplates 20~120min in the silver-colored graphite composite plating bath, is dried after cleaning.
First optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, the dispersant is 1~10wt% n-nonanoic acids, 0.3~3wt%N- acetyl-L-
One or more of mixed solutions in proline and 0.3~3wt% ethyl acetates.
Second optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, the adjuvant is 2~20wt% hexadecanes, 0.3~3wt% ethylene glycol
With one or more of mixed solutions in 2~20wt% lauryl glucosyls.
3rd optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, the oil removing is included by described matrix in except oil solution, after energization
Using joint oil removal process, negative electrode and anode priority difference 10~100s of oil removing are repeated 1~2 time；In 50~80 DEG C of deionized waters
Middle immersion and the 5~15s that fluctuates, soak and the 5~15s that fluctuates in deionized water at normal temperature.
4th optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, it is described except oil solution be concentration be respectively 5~10g/L, 20~50g/L and
30~60g/L NaOH, Na2CO3·10H2O and Na3PO4·12H2O mixed solution.
5th optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, the surface corrosion is included matrix in HNO3：H2SO4=1:2~5
Corrosive agent in soak and the 5~15s that fluctuates, in deionized water soak 5~15s.
6th optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, it in 35 DEG C and pH is under 4, to prepare dense that the pre- silver plating solution, which is,
Degree is respectively 25g/L and 250g/L Ag and the mixed aqueous solution of thiocarbamide.
7th optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, the silver-colored graphite composite plating bath：It is under 3, to match somebody with somebody in 25 DEG C and pH
Concentration processed is respectively 25g/L and 400g/L Ag and KI mixed aqueous solutions；Again respectively with 15ml/L, 15ml/L and 80g/L
Concentration sequentially add dispersant, adjuvant and graphite, stir 30min under 700r/min rotating speeds.
8th optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, the dispersant is 4wt% n-nonanoic acids, 0.5wt%N- acetyl-L- dried meat ammonia
The mixed aqueous solution of acid and 0.5wt% ethyl acetates.
9th optimal technical scheme of the preparation method, the adjuvant be 10wt% hexadecanes, 0.4wt% ethylene glycol and
The mixed aqueous solution of 15wt% lauryl glucosyls.
Negative electrode is using base material of the anaerobic copper sheet (purity >=99.95%) as plating in electroplating process, and anode is using 99.99%
Electroplate silver plate.
With immediate prior art ratio, the present invention has the advantages that：
1) coefficient of friction of coating prepared by the present invention when normal temperature and pressure load is 260g is 0.08~0.25, under actual condition
Mechanical life experiment in (400~600N of clamping force) reach between M1 and M2 grades of standards of disconnecting switch mechanical life grade
(division is tested 4000~6000 times, and coating loses 5~10 μm)；
2) coating thermal conductivity prepared by the present invention is 260~280Wm-1K-1；Contact resistance is 28~40 μ Ω (external torques
5~20Nm)；With good adhesion, national standard GB/T 5270-2005 requirement is reached；
3) 10 grades of neutral salt spray test national standard is reached in coating salt spray test of the present invention；Its resistance to SO_2 reaches navigation mark
QJ485-1988 requirements；
4) production technology of the invention is efficient, inexpensive；The silver-colored graphite composite deposite of preparation has excellent combination property,
The outwork condition of high voltage isolator is fully met, with larger application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph on the silver-colored graphite composite deposite surface of embodiment 1；
Fig. 2：The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph on the silver-colored graphite composite deposite surface of embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is further described to the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1) plating solution is prepared
The pre- silver plating solutions of a：In under 35 DEG C and 4 pH, compound concentration is respectively that 20g/L and 210g/L Ag and thiocarbamide are mixed
Heshui solution；
B silver graphite composite plating baths：In under 20 DEG C and 4 pH, compound concentration be respectively 20g/L and 380g/L Ag and
KI mixed aqueous solutions；Dispersant, adjuvant and stone are sequentially added with 10ml/L, 10ml/L and 70g/L concentration respectively again
Ink, 20min is stirred under 500r/min rotating speeds；The dispersant be 3wt% n-nonanoic acids, 0.3wt%N- acetyl-L-PROLINE and
The mixed aqueous solution of 0.4wt% ethyl acetates；The adjuvant is 8wt% hexadecanes, 0.3wt% ethylene glycol and 13wt% dodecanes
The mixed aqueous solution of base glucoside；
2) coating is prepared
The processing of a matrixes：Matrix uses 1000# sand paper uniform grindings, and is put into 10g/L NaOH, 20g/L Na2CO3·10H2O
With 30g/L Na3PO4·12H2What O was constituted is removed in oil solution, and negative electrode oil removing 30s, anode oil removing 10s are repeated 1 times, in
Soak and the 5s that fluctuates, soaked in deionized water at normal temperature and the 5s that fluctuates, then at HNO in 60 DEG C of deionized waters3：
H2SO4=1:Soak and the progress surface corrosion 5s that fluctuates, cleaned in deionized water in 2 corrosive agent；
The pre- silver coatings of b：The matrix that step a is handled is in step 1) in the pre- silver plating solution of gained, 0.5A/dm2Current density
Lower reaction 30s, deionized water cleaning matrix；
C silvering graphite composite beds：With 0.4A/dm2Current density and 700r/min mixing speed, by base obtained by step b
Body electroplates 120min in the silver-colored graphite composite plating bath, is dried after deionized water cleaning.
The coating surface electron microscope of preparation as indicated with 1,25 μm of thickness of coating, content of graphite 19.88%, the μ Ω of contact resistance 29.9
(external torque 10Nm), thermal conductivity 265.662Wm-1K-1, the coefficient of friction when normal temperature and pressure load is 260g
For 0.2, coating loses 5 μm after mechanical endurance test (clamping force 500N) 5000 times.
Embodiment 2
1) plating solution is prepared
The pre- silver plating solutions of a：In under 35 DEG C and 4 pH, compound concentration is respectively that 25g/L and 250g/L Ag and thiocarbamide are mixed
Heshui solution；
B silver graphite composite plating baths：In under 25 DEG C and 3 pH, compound concentration be respectively 25g/L and 400g/L Ag and
KI mixed aqueous solutions；Dispersant, adjuvant and stone are sequentially added with 15ml/L, 15ml/L and 80g/L concentration respectively again
Ink, 30min is stirred under 600r/min rotating speeds；The dispersant be 4wt% n-nonanoic acids, 0.5wt%N- acetyl-L-PROLINE and
The mixed aqueous solution of 0.5wt% ethyl acetates；The adjuvant is 10wt% hexadecanes, 0.4wt% ethylene glycol and 15wt% 12
The mixed aqueous solution of alkyl-glucoside；
2) coating is prepared
The processing of a matrixes：Matrix uses 1000# sand paper uniform grindings, and is put into 20g/L NaOH, 20g/L Na2CO3·10H2O
With 30g/L Na3PO4·12H2What O was constituted is removed in oil solution, and negative electrode oil removing 40s, anode oil removing 20s are repeated 1 times, in
Soak and the 10s that fluctuates, soaked in deionized water at normal temperature and the 10s that fluctuates in 70 DEG C of deionized waters, then at
HNO3：H2SO4=1:Soak and the progress surface corrosion 10s that fluctuates, cleaned in deionized water in 3 corrosive agent；
The pre- silver coatings of b：The matrix that step a is handled is in step 1) in the pre- silver plating solution of gained, 0.5A/dm2Current density
Lower reaction 20s, deionized water cleaning matrix；
C silvering graphite composite beds：With 0.2A/dm2Current density and 400r/min mixing speed, by base obtained by step b
Body electroplates 90min in the silver-colored graphite composite plating bath, is dried after deionized water cleaning.
The coating surface electron microscope of preparation as indicated with 2,20 μm of thickness of coating, content of graphite 18.58%, the μ Ω of contact resistance 30.3
(external torque 10Nm), thermal conductivity 272.577Wm-1K-1, the coefficient of friction when normal temperature and pressure load is 260g
For 0.09, coating loses 7 μm after mechanical endurance test (clamping force 500N) 8000 times.
Embodiment 3
1) plating solution is prepared
The pre- silver plating solutions of a：In under 45 DEG C and 4 pH, compound concentration is respectively that 25g/L and 310g/L Ag and thiocarbamide are mixed
Heshui solution；
B silver graphite composite plating baths：In under 30 DEG C and 4 pH, compound concentration be respectively 30g/L and 380g/L Ag and
KI mixed aqueous solutions；Dispersant, adjuvant and stone are sequentially added with 20ml/L, 15ml/L and 80g/L concentration respectively again
Ink, 20min is stirred under 500r/min rotating speeds；The dispersant be 4wt% n-nonanoic acids, 0.5wt%N- acetyl-L-PROLINE and
The mixed aqueous solution of 0.4wt% ethyl acetates；The adjuvant is 10wt% hexadecanes, 0.5wt% ethylene glycol and 15wt% 12
The mixed aqueous solution of alkyl-glucoside；
2) coating is prepared
The processing of a matrixes：Matrix uses 1000# sand paper uniform grindings, and is put into 10g/L NaOH, 25g/L Na2CO3·10H2O
With 35g/L Na3PO4·12H2What O was constituted is removed in oil solution, and negative electrode oil removing 30s, anode oil removing 10s are repeated 1 times, in
Soak and the 5s that fluctuates, soaked in deionized water at normal temperature and the 5s that fluctuates, then at HNO in 60 DEG C of deionized waters3：
H2SO4=1:Soak and the progress surface corrosion 5s that fluctuates, cleaned in deionized water in 2 corrosive agent；
The pre- silver coatings of b：The matrix that step a is handled is in step 1) in the pre- silver plating solution of gained, 0.5A/dm2Current density
Lower reaction 40s, deionized water cleaning matrix；
C silvering graphite composite beds：With 0.4A/dm2Current density and 700r/min mixing speed, by base obtained by step b
Body electroplates 100min in the silver-colored graphite composite plating bath, is dried after deionized water cleaning.
The coating surface electron microscope of preparation as indicated with 1,23 μm of thickness of coating, content of graphite 18.96%, the μ Ω of contact resistance 30.2
(external torque 10Nm), thermal conductivity 268.882Wm-1K-1, the coefficient of friction when normal temperature and pressure load is 260g
For 0.12, coating loses 6 μm after mechanical endurance test (clamping force 500N) 5000 times.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof, and those of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, the embodiment of the present invention can be modified or equivalent substitution with reference to above-described embodiment, these do not take off
Any modification or equivalent substitution from spirit and scope of the invention are being applied within pending claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of the silver-plated contact material of Novel clean graphite, it is characterised in that methods described includes following step
Suddenly：
1) plating solution is prepared
The preparation of the pre- silver plating solutions of a：In under 35~55 DEG C and 1~7 pH, compound concentration be respectively 20~30g/L and
210~320g/L Ag and thiocarbamide mixed aqueous solution；
The preparation of b silver graphite composite plating baths：In under 20~50 DEG C and 1~7 pH, compound concentration be respectively 20~45g/L and
360~410g/L Ag and KI mixed aqueous solutions；Again respectively with the dense of 10~50ml/L, 10~50ml/L and 60~100g/L
Degree sequentially adds 10~60min of stirring under dispersant, adjuvant and graphite, 300~1000r/min rotating speeds；
2) coating is prepared
The processing of a matrixes：By matrix surface corrosion in corrosive agent after polishing, oil removing and cleaning, cleaning；
The pre- silver coatings of b：In step 1) in the pre- silver plating solution of gained, the matrix that step a is handled is with 0.1~0.5A/dm2's
Current density reacts 20~60s, cleans matrix；
C silvering graphite composite beds：With 0.1~0.5A/dm2Current density and 300~1000r/min mixing speed, by step
Matrix obtained by b electroplates 20~120min in the silver-colored graphite composite plating bath, is dried after cleaning.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dispersant be 1~10wt% n-nonanoic acids,
One or more of mixed solutions in 0.3~3wt%N- acetyl-L-PROLINE and 0.3~3wt% ethyl acetates.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the adjuvant be 2~20wt% hexadecanes,
One or more of mixed solutions in 0.3~3wt% ethylene glycol and 2~20wt% lauryl glucosyls.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the oil removing includes described matrix is molten in oil removing
In liquid, negative electrode and anode priority difference 10~100s of oil removing, are repeated 1~2 time after energization；Soaked in 50~80 DEG C of deionized waters
And 5~the 15s that fluctuates, soaked in deionized water at normal temperature and the 5~15s that fluctuates.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that it is described except oil solution be concentration be respectively 5~10g/L,
20~50g/L and 30~60g/L NaOH, Na2CO3·10H2O and Na3PO4·12H2O mixed solution.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the surface corrosion is included matrix in HNO3：
H2SO4=1:Soaked in 2~5 corrosive agent and the 5~15s that fluctuates, 5~15s is soaked in deionized water.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pre- silver plating solution is to be in 35 DEG C and pH
Under 4, compound concentration is respectively 25g/L and 250g/L Ag and the mixed aqueous solution of thiocarbamide.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the silver-colored graphite composite plating bath：In 25 DEG C and
PH be 3 under, compound concentration is respectively 25g/L and 400g/L Ag and KI mixed aqueous solutions；Again respectively with 15ml/L,
15ml/L and 80g/L concentration sequentially adds dispersant, adjuvant and graphite, and 30min is stirred under 700r/min rotating speeds.
9. preparation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the dispersant is 4wt% n-nonanoic acids, 0.5wt%N-
The mixed aqueous solution of acetyl-L-PROLINE and 0.5wt% ethyl acetates.
10. preparation method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the adjuvant is 10wt% hexadecanes, 0.4wt%
The mixed aqueous solution of ethylene glycol and 15wt% lauryl glucosyls.
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| CN201610032856.6A CN106978614B (en) | 2016-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | Preparation method of clean graphite silver-plated electric contact material |
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| CN201610032856.6A CN106978614B (en) | 2016-01-19 | 2016-01-19 | Preparation method of clean graphite silver-plated electric contact material |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108468017A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-31 | 西安福莱电工合金有限公司 | A kind of magnetically controlled sputter method preparing silver-colored graphite composite deposite in copper contact surfaces |
| CN109137011A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-04 | 吕莉 | A kind of preparation method of high voltage isolator contact material |
| CN109267124A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-25 | 西安西电电气研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of silver coated graphite composite deposite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111519232A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Silver/graphene composite plating solution, use method thereof and silver/graphene composite plating layer |
| CN111705340A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-25 | 同和金属技术有限公司 | Composite plated article and method of making same |
| CN114108043A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | Repairing and regenerating pretreatment method for rusty area of steel structure bridge |
| CN114833711A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-02 | 四川华丰科技股份有限公司 | Post-treatment process for silver-carbon composite coating |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108468017A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-31 | 西安福莱电工合金有限公司 | A kind of magnetically controlled sputter method preparing silver-colored graphite composite deposite in copper contact surfaces |
| CN109137011A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-04 | 吕莉 | A kind of preparation method of high voltage isolator contact material |
| CN109267124A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2019-01-25 | 西安西电电气研究院有限责任公司 | A kind of silver coated graphite composite deposite and preparation method thereof |
| CN111705340A (en) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-25 | 同和金属技术有限公司 | Composite plated article and method of making same |
| CN111519232A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-08-11 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Silver/graphene composite plating solution, use method thereof and silver/graphene composite plating layer |
| CN111519232B (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2022-03-11 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Silver/graphene composite plating solution, use method thereof and silver/graphene composite plating layer |
| CN114108043A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-03-01 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | Repairing and regenerating pretreatment method for rusty area of steel structure bridge |
| CN114108043B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2023-08-11 | 山东省路桥集团有限公司 | Repairing and regenerating pretreatment method for rusted area of steel structure bridge |
| CN114833711A (en) * | 2022-05-25 | 2022-08-02 | 四川华丰科技股份有限公司 | Post-treatment process for silver-carbon composite coating |
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| CN106978614B (en) | 2020-04-24 |
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