CN106970412A - A kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene - Google Patents
A kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106970412A CN106970412A CN201710225170.3A CN201710225170A CN106970412A CN 106970412 A CN106970412 A CN 106970412A CN 201710225170 A CN201710225170 A CN 201710225170A CN 106970412 A CN106970412 A CN 106970412A
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- Prior art keywords
- mcp
- neutron
- outer barrel
- secondary electron
- detectors based
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- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000342 Monte Carlo simulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004004 elastic neutron scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T3/00—Measuring neutron radiation
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of neutron detector for being applied to measure neutron time spectrum in ultrafast pulse Neutron Radiation Field, more particularly to a kind of utilization neutron reacts the recoil proton produced with polyethylene and is incident on generation secondary electron and the output pulsed current signal that doubles in MCP, so as to realize the detector to neutron measurement.To overcome the slow defect of neutron detector time response in the prior art.Including outer barrel, high-voltgae pothead, signal cable head, sealing is fixed on the entrance window in outer cylinder front end face, sealing is fixed on the exit window of outer barrel rear end face, and conversion target, secondary electron multiplier part and the potsherd being fixedly installed successively along the incident neutron direction of propagation in the outer barrel, the conversion target is polythene strip, the secondary electron multiplier part is some MCP pieces for stacking setting, secondary electron multiplier part both sides load the negative electrode and anode of the high-voltgae pothead respectively, and the signal acquisition terminal of the signal cable head is arranged on the outside of the potsherd.
Description
Technical field
It is special the present invention relates to a kind of neutron detector for being applied to measure neutron time spectrum in ultrafast pulse Neutron Radiation Field
It is not related to a kind of utilization neutron and the recoil proton of polyethylene reaction generation is incident on generation secondary electron and output of doubling in MCP
Pulsed current signal, so as to realize the detector to neutron measurement.
Background technology
The high-power electron beam of ps magnitudes, which is incident to thick metallic target, can produce pulse width in ns magnitudes even Asia ns magnitudes
Neutron, it has neutron intensity low, the features such as neutron energy has a very wide distribution.By inertial confinement fusion (ICF), it can also produce
Ultrafast neutron of the pulse width in sub- ns magnitudes.For measurement ultrafast pulse neutron, it is desirable to which neutron detector has the ultrafast time
Response and higher neutron response.
And the conventional detector for measuring pulsed neutron at present has thin plastic scintillator film detector, scintillating fiber detector and slit
Fission detector.
Thin plastic scintillator film detector and scintillating fiber detector are all that the recoil proton produced using neutron in scintillator is swashed
Hair scintillator luminous principle detects neutron, yet with flicker film and scintillating fiber luminescence decay time all ns with
On, the photomultiplier transit used increases pipe time response also in ns magnitudes, which dictates that the time response of detector is in more than ns.It is narrow
Seam fission detector uses PIN to detect neutron fission target and fissions the fission fragment produced to realize the detection to neutron,
And PIN time response is generally in more than ten more than ns.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is：A kind of MCP (i.e. microchannel plate) neutron detector based on polyethylene is provided, to overcome
Neutron detector time response slow defect in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene, it is characterized in that：Including outer barrel, high-voltgae pothead, signal
End, is arranged on the entrance window in outer cylinder front end face, is arranged on the exit window of outer barrel rear end face, and edge enters in the outer barrel
Conversion target, secondary electron multiplier part and potsherd that the sub- direction of propagation is fixedly installed successively are hit, the conversion target is poly- second
Alkene piece, the secondary electron multiplier part is some MCP pieces for stacking setting, and secondary electron multiplier part both sides load institute respectively
The negative electrode and anode of high-voltgae pothead are stated, the signal acquisition terminal of the signal cable head is arranged on the outside of the potsherd.
Further, the secondary electron multiplier part is a piece of or two panels or three MCP pieces.
Further, clamping plate and pole are additionally provided with the outer barrel, conversion target and the secondary electron multiplier part is consolidated
It is scheduled on the clamping plate, the clamping plate is fixed on exit window by the pole.
Further, the clamping plate is 40mm apart from exit window, and the clamping plate is made up of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
Further, the entrance window and exit window are circular flange structure, and center is internally recessed thin window.
Further, signal cable head and the high-voltgae pothead sealing is fixed on exit window, the number of signal cable head
Measure as 1, the quantity of high-voltgae pothead is 2.
Further, it is additionally provided with vacuum pumping opening on the outer barrel.
Further, the profile of the outer barrel is cylinder.
The present invention is relative to the beneficial effect of prior art：
1st, the present invention has ultrafast time response, about hundred ps.MCP pieces of the present invention, its time response is less than
100ps, run duration of the recoil proton produced by polythene strip in polythene strip is less than 30ps, which dictates that the present invention
Neutron detector has ultrafast time response.
2nd, the present invention has higher fast neutron sensitivity.According to two panels MCP pieces, gain can be to 106, the poly- second of use
Alkene piece and elastic neutron scattering action section are larger, and the recoil proton number of generation is more, and single recoil proton is in MCP pieces duct
The secondary electron of middle generation can be to 3~4, thus the present invention can realize higher fast neutron sensitivity, can reach 10-15C·
cm2。
3rd, the present invention is easily installed, replaces polythene strip and MCP pieces.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment；
Fig. 2 is conversion target, close-up schematic view at secondary electron multiplier part and potsherd；
Fig. 3 is to obtain different-energy neutron using monte carlo method simulation calculating to act on the production of different-thickness polythene strip
The secondary electron yield graph of a relation that raw single recoil proton is produced on MCP piece inwalls；
Fig. 4 is to obtain different-energy neutron using monte carlo method simulation calculating to produce with the effect of different-thickness polythene strip
Raw outgoing proton yield graph of a relation；
Fig. 5 is that the different-energy neutron for obtaining unit strength using monte carlo method simulation calculating acts on different-thickness
The secondary electron yield graph of a relation that polythene strip is produced on MCP piece inwalls；
Fig. 6 is to work as to use gain for 2.25 × 106Two panels MCP pieces when, the neutron response theoretical calculation of the present embodiment
Result schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is that the mean time of flight signal for calculating and obtaining recoil proton in polythene strip is simulated using monte carlo method
Figure；
Wherein：1- outer barrels, 2- entrance windows, 3- exit windows, 4- poles, 5- clamping plates, 6- polythene strips, 7-MCP pieces, 8- signals
In end, 9- high-voltgae potheads, 10- vacuum pumping openings, 11- copper sheets one, 12- copper rings, 13- potsherds, 14- copper sheets two, 15-
Beamlet.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As Figure 1-Figure 2, embodiment provides a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene, including outer barrel 1, sealing
The entrance window 2 of the front end face of outer barrel 1 is fixed on, sealing is fixed on the exit window 3 of the rear end face of outer barrel 1, is fixed on the branch on exit window 3
Bar 4, the clamping plate 5 on pole 4, be fixed on polythene strip 6 on clamping plate 5, copper sheet 1, MCP pieces 7, copper ring 12,
Potsherd 13 and copper sheet 2 14, the signal cable first 8 and high-voltgae pothead 9 being fixed on exit window 3 are arranged on the side of outer barrel 1
Vacuum pumping opening 10, copper sheet 1 is connected with the copper conductor of the inner core of high-voltgae pothead 9, copper ring 12 and the shell of high-voltgae pothead 9
Copper conductor connection, copper sheet 2 14 is connected with the copper conductor of signal cable first 8；Outer barrel 1 is the cylinder being made of stainless steel,
External diameter Φ 120mm, internal diameter Φ 112mm, long 83mm；The entrance window 2 and exit window 3 of the front and back end of outer barrel 1 are circular flange structure, method
Blue diameter of phi 150mm, flange center is a thickness 0.5mm, a diameter of 60mm thin window；Pole 4 is stainless steel, long 5cm, number
Measure as 3, two neighboring pole 4 is separated by 120 ° and is uniformly arranged on exit window 3；Clamping plate 5 is the poly- of diameter of phi 80mm, thick 5mm
Tetrafluoroethene plate, the centre of clamping plate 5 is the circular hole of diameter of phi 16mm or Φ a 21mm, and circular is provided with 6 a diameter of Φ 2mm
Circular hole and 3 Φ 0.5mm screw hole, clamping plate 5 be arranged on pole 4 on, clamping plate 5 be used for fix polythene strip 6, copper sheet one
11st, MCP pieces 7, copper ring 12, potsherd 13 and copper sheet 2 14；The a diameter of Φ 16mm or Φ 21mm of polythene strip 6, thickness according to
Neutron response needs to determine；MCP pieces 7 be channel diameter be 6 μm, duct spacing be 8 μm, thickness 0.38mm, angle of chamfer (MCP
The passage of piece 7 and the angle of MCP piece both ends of the surface vertical axis) it is 6 °, external diameter Φ 16mm or Φ 25mm two panels microchannel plate；Copper
The a diameter of Φ 16mm or Φ 25mm of piece 1 and copper sheet 2 14, thickness is 1mm；The external diameter of copper ring 12 is Φ 16mm or Φ
25mm, internal diameter is Φ 12mm or Φ 21mm, and thickness is 1mm；Signal cable first 8 is used to lead detectable signal inside vacuum chamber
Go out on the signal-obtaining instrument to outside chamber；High-voltgae pothead 9 is used to lead high pressure from the high-voltage power supply outside vacuum chamber to proceed to
On the MCP pieces 7 of intracavitary；The internal diameter of vacuum pumping opening 10 is 16mm, and bleeding point centre distance exit window 3 is 40mm, for vacuum
Chamber interior is vacuumized；The resistance that resistance is 50M Ω, copper sheet 2 14 and letter are additionally provided between copper ring 12 and high-voltgae pothead 9
The resistance that resistance is 100k Ω is additionally provided between number end 8；Outer barrel 1 passes through cushion rubber or the edge of a knife and entrance window 2, exit window 3
It is sealed, it is ensured that detector vacuum chamber dynamic vacuum is less than 1 × 10-4Pa；The inner surface of outer barrel 1 will be processed by shot blasting to subtract
Few inner surface is deflated.
The operation principle of the neutron detector is：The react recoil proton of generation of neutron beam 15 and polythene strip 6 enters
Penetrate and secondary electron and the output pulsed current signal that doubles are produced in the duct of MCP pieces 7, so as to realize the measurement to neutron.
Fig. 3 is to obtain different-energy neutron using monte carlo method simulation calculating to act on the production of different-thickness polyethylene converter
The secondary electron yield that raw single recoil proton is produced on MCP piece inwalls.As can be known from Figure, energy be 0.2MeV~
The secondary electron yield that the single recoil proton that 0.25MeV neutron is produced is produced on MCP piece inwalls is maximum, about 3~4.
Fig. 4 is to obtain different-energy neutron using monte carlo method simulation calculating to produce with the effect of different-thickness polyethylene
Outgoing proton yield.It can be seen that for polyethylene thick 0.1mm~1.5mm, when the energy of incident neutron is higher than certain value
When, the yield of outgoing proton changes little with neutron energy；For the polyethylene of more than 1.5mm thickness, the energy of incident neutron
Bigger, the yield of outgoing proton is more.
Fig. 5 is that the different-energy neutron for obtaining unit strength using monte carlo method simulation calculating acts on different-thickness
The secondary electron yield that polyethylene converter is produced on MCP piece inwalls.It can be seen that when polyethylene converter thickness is less than 2.0mm,
The yield of secondary electron reaches maximum when neutron energy is certain value；When polyethylene converter thickness is more than 2.0mm, secondary electron
Yield increases with the increase of neutron energy.
Fig. 6 is the neutron response result of calculation of the detector, and this is to use gain for 2.25 × 106Two panels MCP pieces
Obtain.As can be known from Figure, when polyethylene converter thickness is less than 2.0mm, the neutron response of detector is certain in neutron energy
Maximum is reached during one value；When polyethylene converter thickness is more than 2.0mm, the neutron response of detector with neutron energy increase
And increase.When polyethylene converter thickness be more than 1.0mm when, detector to energy more than 1MeV neutron response be more than 1.0 ×
10-15C·cm2。
Fig. 7 is to calculate to obtain mean time of flight of the recoil proton in polyethylene using monte carlo method simulation, from meter
Calculate result and understand that the mean time of flight of recoil proton is not more than 30ps.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene, it is characterised in that：Including outer barrel, high-voltgae pothead, signal cable
Head, sealing is fixed on the entrance window in outer cylinder front end face, and sealing is fixed on the exit window of outer barrel rear end face, and in the outer barrel
Conversion target, secondary electron multiplier part and the potsherd being fixedly installed successively along the incident neutron direction of propagation, the conversion target is
Polythene strip, the secondary electron multiplier part is some MCP pieces for stacking setting, and secondary electron multiplier part both sides add respectively
The negative electrode and anode of the high-voltgae pothead are carried, the signal acquisition terminal of the signal cable head is arranged on the outside of the potsherd.
2. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The secondary electricity
Sub- multiplier device is a piece of or two panels or three MCP pieces.
3. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：In the outer barrel
Clamping plate and pole are additionally provided with, conversion target and the secondary electron multiplier part is fixed on the clamping plate, and the clamping plate passes through
The pole is fixed on exit window.
4. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The clamping plate away from
It is 40mm from exit window, the clamping plate is made up of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
5. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The entrance window
It is circular flange structure with exit window, center is internally recessed thin window.
6. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The signal electricity
Cable end and high-voltgae pothead sealing are fixed on exit window, and the quantity of signal cable head is 1, and the quantity of high-voltgae pothead is 2
It is individual.
7. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：On the outer barrel
It is additionally provided with vacuum pumping opening.
8. a kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The outer barrel
Profile is cylinder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710225170.3A CN106970412A (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2017-04-07 | A kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710225170.3A CN106970412A (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2017-04-07 | A kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106970412A true CN106970412A (en) | 2017-07-21 |
Family
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| CN201710225170.3A Pending CN106970412A (en) | 2017-04-07 | 2017-04-07 | A kind of MCP neutron detectors based on polyethylene |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110988971A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-10 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Wide-energy-spectrum white-light neutron resonance photography detector and detection method |
| CN111540662A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-08-14 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | Ultrahigh voltage direct current electron gun suitable for ultrafast electron diffraction technology |
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