CN106970329B - method for judging relative health condition of batteries and battery pack power supply system - Google Patents
method for judging relative health condition of batteries and battery pack power supply system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106970329B CN106970329B CN201710147184.8A CN201710147184A CN106970329B CN 106970329 B CN106970329 B CN 106970329B CN 201710147184 A CN201710147184 A CN 201710147184A CN 106970329 B CN106970329 B CN 106970329B
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005195 poor health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for judging relative health conditions of batteries and a battery pack power supply system, which comprises the steps of collecting the voltage of each battery in a battery pack, judging whether equalization is needed according to a voltage consistency principle, equalizing the batteries needing equalization if equalization is needed, recording the battery number, the equalization time and the equalization mode of the batteries needing equalization, and evaluating the relative health conditions of the batteries needing equalization according to the difference value of the equalization time of each battery needing equalization and the average equalization time of all the batteries needing equalization in the battery pack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of battery pack power supplies, in particular to a method for judging relative health conditions of batteries and a battery pack power supply system.
Background
The health condition of the group of batteries is large in difference but does not reach the requirement of replacing the batteries if the capacity of the batteries is lower than 80% of the rated capacity of the batteries when the batteries are fully charged after periods of use, but the batteries firstly reach the discharge cut-off voltage and the other batteries do not reach the discharge cut-off voltage during discharging due to the low capacity of the batteries with poor health conditions in the use process, and the batteries with poor health conditions firstly reach the charge cut-off voltage and the other batteries do not reach the charge cut-off voltage during charging, so that the battery pack is not fully utilized.
The voltage of a single battery is limited by electrode materials, and the battery voltage can change within a fixed range in the charging and discharging process, when the battery is used, a plurality of batteries are usually connected in series for use, so that the power supply voltage can be improved, but the batteries cannot be completely the same in the manufacturing process, so that the parameters of the batteries such as voltage, internal resistance and charge amount have fixed differences due to the differences of factors such as process and material, namely the difference is not consistency of the battery pack, in the recycling process of the battery pack, the factors such as electrolyte, self-discharge and ambient temperature of the batteries are different, the non- consistency of the batteries is increased along with the recycling of the batteries, so that the difference of the health conditions of the batteries in the battery pack is larger, the batteries with better health conditions can be continuously used, the batteries with poorer health conditions have larger internal resistance and low capacity, and the continuous use can reduce the performance of the whole battery pack.
For a battery with relatively poor battery health condition, the battery has lower capacity when being fully charged, and when the battery is discharged under the same condition, the voltage of the battery is quickly reduced and is discharged at first; when charging is carried out under the same condition, the voltage of the battery rises relatively quickly and is fully charged firstly; in both cases, this is due to a battery that is in a less healthy state and therefore requires a corresponding maintenance of the battery. And the battery works in a non-full-discharge state for a long time, so that the situation that the battery with poor health condition is judged by fully discharging is not practical.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing methods for judging the relative health condition of batteries and a battery pack power supply system aiming at the defect that the health condition of the batteries is unreasonable by utilizing full charge and full discharge in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is that a method for judging the relative health condition of batteries is constructed, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and judging whether to balance according to the principle of voltage consistency;
s2: if so, balancing the battery to be balanced, and recording the battery number, the balancing time and the balancing mode of the battery to be balanced;
s3: and evaluating the relative health condition of the battery to be balanced according to the difference between the balancing time of each battery to be balanced and the average balancing time of all the batteries to be balanced in the battery pack.
, the method for determining the relative health status of the battery according to the present invention repeats the steps S1-S2;
the step S3 includes: and evaluating the relative health condition of the battery to be equalized according to the difference value between the average equalization time of each battery to be equalized and the average equalization time of all the batteries to be equalized in the battery pack.
Preferably, in the method for determining the relative health status of a battery according to the present invention, the balancing manner is charge balancing, and step S3 includes:
calculating difference value between the average equalizing time of each battery to be equalized during the charging process and the average equalizing time of all the batteries to be equalized during the charging process;
the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in inverse proportion to the th difference value.
, the method for determining the relative health status of a battery according to the present invention further comprises:
and maintaining the battery to be equalized with the th difference value larger than th preset value, wherein the th preset value is set according to the relative health condition of the battery pack.
Preferably, in the method for determining the relative health status of a battery according to the present invention, the balancing manner is discharge balancing, and step S3 includes:
calculating a second difference value between the average balance time of each battery to be balanced in the discharging process and the average balance time of all batteries to be balanced in the battery pack in the discharging process;
the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in direct proportion to the second difference.
, the method for determining the relative health status of a battery according to the present invention further comprises:
and maintaining the battery to be equalized, wherein the second difference is greater than a second preset value, and the second preset value is set according to the relative health condition of the battery pack.
Preferably, in the method for determining the relative health status of a battery according to the present invention, the step S1 includes:
the voltage acquisition module acquires the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and the controller judges whether the balancing is needed according to the voltage consistency principle.
, the method for determining relative health status of a battery according to the principle of consistency of voltage includes:
and judging whether the balancing is needed or not according to whether the voltage fluctuation of the battery in the battery pack is within a preset range or not.
, the method for judging the relative health status of the battery of the invention comprises the steps of S2 recording the balancing frequency of the battery to be balanced;
the step S3 includes: the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in inverse proportion to the equalization frequency.
In addition, the invention also constructs battery pack power supply systems which use the method for judging the relative health condition of the battery.
The battery relative health state judging method and the battery pack power supply system have the advantages that the method comprises the steps of collecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, judging whether the battery needs to be balanced according to a voltage consistency principle, balancing the battery needing to be balanced if the battery needs to be balanced, recording the battery number, the balancing time and the balancing mode of the battery needing to be balanced, and evaluating the relative health state of the battery needing to be balanced according to the difference value of the balancing time of each battery needing to be balanced and the average balancing time of all batteries needing to be balanced in the battery pack.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining the relative health of batteries according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for determining relative health of batteries according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of cell equalization trend during battery charging.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining the relative health of batteries according to the present invention.
The present embodiment provides methods for determining relative health status of batteries, which can determine the health status of each battery in a battery pack rapidly after measurements.
And S1, collecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and judging whether the battery needs to be balanced according to a voltage consistency principle.
Specifically, a voltage acquisition module in the battery management system acquires the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and the controller judges whether the balancing is needed according to the voltage consistency principle.
The battery consistency principle is that whether the battery needs to be balanced is judged according to whether the voltage fluctuation of the battery in the battery pack is within a preset range, if the voltage fluctuation is within the preset range, the battery does not need to be balanced, if the voltage fluctuation exceeds the preset range, the corresponding battery needs to be balanced, the battery needing to be balanced is balanced to the average voltage of the battery, balance control disorder is prevented, generally, the battery pack consistency is good if the voltage fluctuation range of the battery pack is within 20mV, and the preset range can be set according to the requirement of the battery pack management.
S2: and if the balancing is needed, balancing the battery to be balanced, and recording the battery number, the balancing time and the balancing mode of the battery to be balanced, wherein the balancing mode comprises charge balancing and discharge balancing. It will be appreciated that the equalization time for cells that do not require equalization is recorded as zero.
S3: and evaluating the relative health condition of the battery to be equalized according to the difference value of the equalization time of each battery to be equalized and the average equalization time of all batteries to be equalized in the battery pack.
Specifically, according to the battery number, the balancing time, and the balancing manner of the battery to be balanced recorded in step S2, the balancing process parameters of each battery to be balanced are obtained, the sum of the balancing times of all the batteries to be balanced in the same balancing manner is counted, and the sum of the balancing times of all the batteries to be balanced is divided by the number of the batteries to be balanced to obtain the average balancing time of all the batteries to be balanced. And calculating the difference value between the equalization time of each battery to be equalized and the average equalization time of all batteries to be equalized in the battery pack.
The equalization mode of the battery pack comprises charge equalization and discharge equalization, and for the charge equalization, the larger the difference value is, the worse the health condition of the corresponding battery needing equalization is; for discharge equalization, the larger the difference, the better the health of the corresponding battery to be equalized.
, setting a preset value for measuring the health standard of the battery, comparing the difference value of each battery to be balanced with the preset value, and further determining whether the battery needs to be maintained, wherein the preset value comprises a th preset value for measuring the charging process and a second preset value for measuring the discharging process, for the charging process, when the difference value is larger than the th preset value, the relative health condition of the corresponding battery is poor, and maintenance is needed, for the discharging process, when the difference value is larger than the second preset value, the relative health condition of the corresponding battery is good, but the consistency of the battery is poor, and maintenance is also needed.
The above method is explained with reference to fig. 3, and fig. 3 is a battery equalization trend graph during battery charging.
In fig. 3, the battery pack comprises batteries, namely, CELL1, CELL2, CELL3, CELL4 and CELL5, the battery pack is charged, and the equalization process of each battery is recorded, in the charging process, the CELL1, CELL2, CELL3, CELL4 and CELL5 all need to be equalized according to the principle of consistency of voltage , after the charging is finished, the total charging equalization time of the CELL1, CELL2, CELL3, CELL4 and CELL5 is T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 in sequence, and then the average equalization time of all batteries needing to be equalized is as follows:
T＝(T1+T2+T3+T4+T5)/5
and respectively calculating T1-T, T2-T, T3-T, T4-T and T5-T, and comparing the difference with a preset value X, after the battery runs for periods, if T1-T is greater than X, it can be judged that the relative health condition of the battery CELL1 is poor, and maintenance is needed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining relative health status of batteries according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment provides methods for determining relative health status of batteries, in the embodiment, tests are performed to determine the health status of batteries, so as to obtain the approximate health status of batteries quickly, but due to accidental factors, in order to make the determination result more accurate, the present embodiment adopts an algorithm of averaging multiple measurements, and determines the health status of each battery in a battery pack through multiple measurements.
And S1, collecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and judging whether the battery needs to be balanced according to a voltage consistency principle.
Specifically, a voltage acquisition module in the battery management system acquires the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and the controller judges whether the balancing is needed according to the voltage consistency principle.
The battery consistency principle is to judge whether the battery pack needs to be balanced according to whether the voltage fluctuation of the battery in the battery pack is within a preset range, generally, the battery pack consistency is better if the voltage fluctuation range of the battery pack is within 20mV, and if the voltage fluctuation range of the battery pack is beyond the range, the corresponding battery needs to be balanced.
S2: if so, balancing the battery to be balanced, and recording the battery number, the balancing time and the balancing mode of the battery to be balanced, wherein the balancing mode comprises charge balancing and discharge balancing.
Preferably, steps S1-S2 are repeatedly performed. The number of repetitions is not limited in this embodiment, and those skilled in the art can adjust the repetition number according to the measurement accuracy requirement.
After the steps S1-S2 are repeatedly executed, a plurality of groups of measured values of the battery pack are obtained. And calculating the average equalization time of each battery to be equalized and calculating the average equalization time of all batteries to be equalized which are measured for multiple times. And then, evaluating the relative health condition of the batteries to be equalized according to the difference value between the average equalization time of each battery to be equalized and the average equalization time of all batteries to be equalized in the battery pack.
Specifically, the equalization method of the battery pack is divided into charge equalization and discharge equalization, and each of the equalization methods will be described below.
a. For charge equalization:
calculating difference value between the average equalizing time of each battery needing equalizing in the charging process and the average equalizing time of all batteries needing equalizing in the battery pack;
the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in inverse proportion to the difference value, namely, the greater the difference value is, the worse the relative health condition of the battery is.
, setting a preset value, a preset value according to the relative health status of the battery pack, and comparing the difference with the preset value to maintain the battery to be equalized, wherein the difference is greater than the preset value.
b. For discharge equalization:
calculating a second difference value between the average equalization time of each battery needing equalization in the discharging process and the average equalization time of all batteries needing equalization in the battery pack in the discharging process;
the relative health condition of each battery to be balanced is in direct proportion to the second difference value, namely the larger the second difference value is, the better the relative health condition of the battery is.
Step , the method for determining the relative health status of the battery according to the embodiment sets a second preset value, and maintains the battery to be equalized, where the second difference is greater than the second preset value, and the second preset value is set according to the relative health status of the battery pack.
Therefore, the step S2 also records the equalization frequency of the battery to be equalized, the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in inverse proportion to the equalization frequency, that is, the more the charging equalization times of the battery are, the worse the health condition of the battery is, the more the discharging equalization times of the battery are, the better the relative health condition of the battery is, when the charging equalization times and the discharging equalization times of the battery are both less, the consistency of the battery is better, and when the consistency of all the batteries in the battery pack is better, the battery pack performance can reach the best.
For example, in fig. 3, the equalization frequency of CELL1 is the highest for charge equalization, so the health of CELL1 is the worst and maintenance is required.
For example, for some embodiments, the longer the equalization time and the worse the health of the cell, or, for equal equalization times, the worse the health of the cell, the better the health of the cell, but less uniformity of battery , or, for equal equalization times, the better the health of the cell, but less uniformity of battery .
And , setting weighted values of the equalization time and the equalization frequency of the battery respectively, and measuring the health condition of the battery according to the weighted value calculation result.
In addition, the invention also constructs battery pack power supply systems, which use the above method for judging the relative health status of the batteries to judge the relative health status of the batteries in the battery pack, and maintain the batteries needing maintenance, thereby improving the overall performance of the battery pack.
The application provides simple relative health condition judgment methods for the health condition of the battery pack, and accurately judges the relative health condition of each battery by counting and analyzing the balance time of each battery, so that the battery needing to be maintained is selected, and the overall performance of the battery pack is improved.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1, method for judging relative health status of battery, comprising:
s1, collecting the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and judging whether to balance according to the principle of voltage consistency;
s2: if so, balancing the battery to be balanced, and recording the battery number, the balancing time and the balancing mode of the battery to be balanced;
s3: evaluating the relative health condition of the battery to be balanced according to the difference value between the balancing time of each battery to be balanced and the average balancing time of all the batteries to be balanced in the battery pack;
repeatedly performing the steps S1-S2; the step S3 includes: evaluating the relative health condition of the battery to be equalized according to the difference value between the average equalization time of each battery to be equalized and the average equalization time of all the batteries to be equalized in the battery pack;
if the equalization mode is charge equalization, the step S3 includes calculating the th difference value between the average equalization time of each battery to be equalized in the charging process and the average equalization time of all batteries to be equalized in the battery pack, wherein the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in inverse proportion to the th difference value;
if the equalization method is discharge equalization, the step S3 includes: calculating a second difference value between the average balance time of each battery to be balanced in the discharging process and the average balance time of all batteries to be balanced in the battery pack in the discharging process; the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in direct proportion to the second difference.
2. The method of determining relative health of a battery of claim 1, further comprising:
and maintaining the battery to be equalized with the th difference value larger than th preset value, wherein the th preset value is set according to the relative health condition of the battery pack.
3. The method of determining relative health of a battery of claim 1, further comprising:
and maintaining the battery to be equalized, wherein the second difference is greater than a second preset value, and the second preset value is set according to the relative health condition of the battery pack.
4. The method for determining the relative health of a battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 includes:
the voltage acquisition module acquires the voltage of each battery in the battery pack, and the controller judges whether the balancing is needed according to the voltage consistency principle.
5. The method for determining relative health of a battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the determining whether equalization is required according to the consistency principle comprises:
and judging whether the balancing is needed or not according to whether the voltage fluctuation of the battery in the battery pack is within a preset range or not.
6. The method for determining the relative health of a battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S2 further comprises: recording the balancing frequency of the battery to be balanced;
the step S3 includes: the relative health condition of each battery to be equalized is in inverse proportion to the equalization frequency.
A battery pack power supply system of , wherein the system uses the method for determining relative health of battery as claimed in any of claims 1-6 to .
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| CN109428130B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-09-15 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN113625167B (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2024-04-12 | 郑州宇通集团有限公司 | Evaluation method for equalization effect of battery management system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101399454A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Circuits and methods for cell balancing |
| CN102437603A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-05-02 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Lithium battery management system balance control method |
| KR20150084354A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-22 | (주)아이비티 | Apparatus of Estimating SOH for Battery |
| CN105429212A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-23 | 深圳奥特迅电力设备股份有限公司 | Battery pack voltage equalization control circuit and battery management equipment |
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| US9128162B2 (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2015-09-08 | Apple Inc. | Estimating state of charge (SOC) and uncertainty from relaxing voltage measurements in a battery |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101399454A (en) * | 2007-09-25 | 2009-04-01 | 凹凸电子（武汉）有限公司 | Circuits and methods for cell balancing |
| CN102437603A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-05-02 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Lithium battery management system balance control method |
| KR20150084354A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-22 | (주)아이비티 | Apparatus of Estimating SOH for Battery |
| CN105429212A (en) * | 2015-12-01 | 2016-03-23 | 深圳奥特迅电力设备股份有限公司 | Battery pack voltage equalization control circuit and battery management equipment |
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