CN106968752B - A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system - Google Patents

A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106968752B
CN106968752B CN201710185205.5A CN201710185205A CN106968752B CN 106968752 B CN106968752 B CN 106968752B CN 201710185205 A CN201710185205 A CN 201710185205A CN 106968752 B CN106968752 B CN 106968752B
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China
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valve
cam
hydraulic
adjustments
driving
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CN201710185205.5A
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CN106968752A (en
Inventor
崔靖晨
田华
隆武强
田江平
王阳
刘威
杨添淏
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/34413—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using composite camshafts, e.g. with cams being able to move relative to the camshaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2710/00—Control of valve gear, speed or power
    • F01L2710/003—Control of valve gear for two stroke engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2760/00—Control of valve gear to facilitate reversing, starting, braking of four stroke engines

Abstract

A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, belongs to engine valve actuations field.It mainly includes camshaft, cam shaft sleeve, axial moving mechanism, valve adjustments mechanism, valve control machanism etc..At least provided with first cam and the second cam in cam shaft sleeve.By using axial moving mechanism, the conversion between the various modes such as engine two-stroke drive mode, four stroke drive modes, two-stroke braking mode, four stroke braking modes is realized；Further by being used cooperatively with valve control machanism, best ventilation of the engine under different operating conditions is finally realized, achievees the purpose that comprehensive raising engine power performance, fuel economy, emission performance and braking safety.The present invention is proposed towards practical application, and high reliablity, mechanism are compact, reduces requirement of the system to each mechanism, and each mechanism is all made of more mature technology, and practical potentiality are high in a short time for system, have a good application prospect.

Description

A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation systems, belong to engine valve actuations neck Domain.
Background technique
With energy and environmental problem get worse and people's being absorbed in the driving of vehicle and safety, not Carry out engine to need under the premise of meeting discharge index, comprehensively considers dynamic property, economy, emission performance and safety.This is just It needs driving and braking within the scope of full working scope, optimizes engine performance.And changeable air valve, the stroke changeable being concerned at present The technologies such as number, cylinder deactivation, auxiliary braking, new combustion mode, variable compression ratio, variable EGR are only transported in engine small range mostly Its performance is improved in row conditioned area.As existing changeable air valve technology is only applied to the drive in fixed punch number of passes engine It starts building under condition, and is mostly used for the inlet valve of gasoline engine to reduce pumping loss.Stroke changeable number technology is at home and abroad still located In conceptual phase, and it is served only under driving operating condition.The existing vehicle with cylinder stopping technique can only provide cylinder deactivation, therefore, Relatively low to consumption improvement degree, can only obtain 7% or so oil consumption mostly reduces.On the other hand, with engine ownership It sharply increases, vehicle safety is increasingly valued by people, and auxiliary braking system is classified as vehicle by more and more countries Indispensable one of attachment.However at present auxiliary braking system exist mostly brake component work long hours be easy overheat, braking effect Rate quickly reduces, braking efficiency controllable degree is low, braking when vehicle is easy sideslip, braking system occupies limited vehicle space etc. Problem.In current engine auxiliary braking technology, the braking effect for depressurizing auxiliary braking technology is best, it is in import/exhaust On the basis of door operating condition is constant, near to subtract compared with small guide vane unlatching exhaust valve or pressure reducing valve to realize Braking effect is pressed, the every 720 ° of crank angles of engine realize a braking cycle, belong to the braking of four strokes, braking effect can not Meet the requirement when braking of vehicle heavy load.
Aiming at the problem that above-mentioned engine research field, Dalian University of Technology's Internal Combustion Engine institute burning seminar is based on The thought of partition zone optimizing engine performance, proposes a kind of multimode engine within the scope of driving-braking full working scope, and provides each The requirement using operating condition and to the valve opening and closing moment of kind mode: under the driving operating condition of low speed and heavy load, using two-stroke Drive mode, to achieve the purpose that improve power output；Under other engine driving operating conditions, using four stroke drive modes, To achieve the purpose that reduce fuel consumption and emission formation；Under heavy load damped condition, using two-stroke braking mode, with Achieve the purpose that improve braking power output；Under small load brake operating condition, using four stroke braking modes, according to deceleration loading Requirement, change the number of stroke of braking mode adjust braking output, with achieve the purpose that improve vehicle safety.
Currently, practical Variabale valve actuation system remains valve cam mostly, mechanical mechanism is mostly used greatly, It is broadly divided into: 1) camshaft phase modulation formula, such as VVT system, the Vanos system of BMW of TOYOTA；2) changeable air valve liter stage by stage Formula, such as the VTEC system of Honda；3) continuously variable valve lift formula, such as the Valvetronic system of BMW, Hyundai CVVL system etc., this kind of system realizes the opening and closing timing and maximum of each cylinder valve of engine by control intermediate transmission mechanism The synchronous adjustment of stroke three.
For relatively having cam Variabale valve actuation system, system without cam can realize more flexible valve event, simultaneously Mechanism is complicated, expensive, and needs more to be stretched in terms of reliability, durability and valve temperature compensation The research entered.This kind of system mainly includes two class of electromagnetic type and electric-liquid type.Electromagnetic type system is in the accurate control of movement, valve stroke Adjustable degree etc. remains to be further improved.For electromagnetic type system, electric-liquid type system has relatively higher valve can The features such as adjusting flexibility ratio, higher power density, flexible arrangement is Variabale valve actuation system most potential at present.This is System mainly includes common rail oil feeding type and cam oil feeding type two major classes.
Common rail oil feeding type system eliminates valve cam, drives oil in the open/close states and accumulator by controlling solenoid valve Pressure, adjust the opening and closing timing and range of valve.Ford company, Lucas company etc. carried out research to this, and future is still Need to system cost, response speed, in terms of the research protruded into.With engine cylinder number, single cylinder valve number And the increase of revolving speed, there is also the problem of a) common rail pipe are bulky, difficulty in arrangement for the system；B) made in system The quantity of high-speed large-flow solenoid valve is excessive, and the solenoid valve cost determined by current solenoid valve material and processing technology Higher, therefore, the overall cost of the system is higher.It is more tired that these problems cause traditional common rail oil feeding type system automobile-usedization Difficulty, this kind of system are widely used on the exhaust valve of low speed two stroke engine peculiar to vessel.
By the advantage of comprehensive mechanical formula and common rail oil feeding type system, cam oil feeding type system receives researcher and Sheng Produce the extensive concern of manufacturer, such as Multiair system, the VCM system of ABB of FIAT.This kind of system uses cam-plunger type Oil feeder replaces accumulator, occupy little space, it can be achieved that the opening and closing timing of valve it is separately adjustable, opening and closing timing determines row Journey.There is still a need for improved in terms of following two for this kind of system: a) quantity of oil feeder and solenoid valve needed for system is more, is Overall cost of uniting is higher；B) valve operation adjustable extent is limited by fuel feeding and control device, cannot achieve valve opening and closing just When and stroke three between it is separately adjustable, engine two-stroke drive mode and two-stroke braking mode requirement also cannot be achieved 360 DEG C of A/ circulation valve operational process etc..
Since the Variabale valve actuation system of existing functionization is mostly used for the engine of four stroke drive modes, Bu Nengman The requirement of sufficient multimode engine, therefore develop a set of high reliablity and meet the variable valve actuation of multimode engine requirement System is imperative.Engine two-stroke drive mode, four stroke drive modes, two-stroke braking mode and the braking of four strokes Under mode, there is greatly difference in import/exhaust door open frequency, unlatching timing and unlatching duration, which greatly increases The development difficulty for the Variabale valve actuation system that multimode engine requires.Such as due to two-stroke drive mode or two-stroke system Dynamic model formula requires the every 360 ° of crank angles operation of import/exhaust door primary, four stroke drive modes and the requirement of four stroke braking modes The every 720 ° of crank angles operation of import/exhaust door is primary, and therefore, this requirement needs to realize two-stroke driving/braking mode and four punchings The multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system switched between journey driving/braking mode, which must have, realizes both valve running frequencies Between the function that flexibly switches.Even import/exhaust door is opened timing and is opened under the constant driving of number of stroke and braking mode Opening the duration still has very big difference.If using an actuated by cams, by using mechanical continuous variable valve Come if realizing the small unlatching duration, valve maximum lift is accordingly reduced, volumetric efficiency and pumping loss etc. refer to control mechanism Mark is more difficult to be met simultaneously.If realizing the small unlatching duration by draining using hydraulic valve control mechanism, high speed Lower hydraulic valve control mechanism will appear as well system and be unable to fully oil-filled problem, this, which will lead to the system, can not apply to high speed On engine.When switching between various modes, the phase adjusted of very wide-angle is needed, vane type vvt mechanism common at present It is unable to satisfy requirement, and the electronic vvt mechanism that can satisfy requirement is expensive, can not popularize on a large scale in short term, therefore, it is necessary to The requirement to the adjustable range of valve opening timing is reduced as far as possible, does not have to VVT or using common minor adjustment model to realize The purpose of the VVT enclosed.Even it is different that working conditions of different engines remains that valve-driving system provides under same mode Unlatching timing, maximum lift and the unlatching duration of import/exhaust door.At the same time, various parts should use as far as possible More mature technology finally obtains good application prospect to improve a possibility that system is practical in a short time.At present not yet There is a Variabale valve actuation system that can meet requirements above simultaneously, therefore the exploitation of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system is compeled In the eyebrows and eyelashes.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: by designing a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, for real It is existing: engine two-stroke drive mode, four stroke drive modes, two-stroke system (a) are realized by using axial moving mechanism Conversion between the various modes such as dynamic model formula, four stroke braking modes, in different modes wants ventilation to meet engine It asks；(b) in each mode, starting for different operating points is advanced optimized under each pattern by using valve control machanism Machine operating condition reaches comprehensive raising engine power performance, fuel economy, emission performance and braking safety etc. performance Purpose；(c) a variety of different valve adjustments mechanisms such as hydraulic or mechanical of arranging in pairs or groups are flexible to changeable air valve to meet practical application The requirement of degree, cost, system arrangement etc., each mechanism uses more mature technology as far as possible, to improve system in a short time A possibility that practical, finally to obtain good application prospect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: this axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, it includes Valve actuating mechanism, camshaft, cam shaft sleeve, axial moving mechanism, valve control machanism, valve adjustments mechanism.Wherein, convex First cam and the second cam is set on wheel shaft axle sleeve.First cam uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobe Piece, the second cam use single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, and biconvex cam lobes are identical simultaneously using molded line And two protrusions of 180 ° of camshaft degrees of phase phase difference.Valve adjustments mechanism has valve adjustments mechanism input terminal, valve tune Save mechanism output end and valve regulating mechanism adjustable side.Axial moving mechanism adjusts the axial position of cam shaft sleeve, determines straight Connecing or driving the cam of valve adjustments mechanism input terminal by transmission mechanism is the first cam either the second cam.Valve control Mechanism processed directly or by transmission mechanism adjust valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side position, valve adjustments mechanism output end directly or Valve actuating mechanism is driven by transmission mechanism.
Increase third cam on cam shaft set, third cam uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobe Piece.Axial moving mechanism adjusts the axial position of cam shaft sleeve, determines to drive valve adjustments machine directly or by transmission mechanism The cam of structure input terminal is the first cam, the second cam or third cam.
It increases a valve actuating mechanism, i.e. the first valve actuating mechanism and duaspiracle driving mechanism.Increase valve Drive axle.It is finally direct or logical respectively that valve adjustments mechanism output end first passes through valve actuation bridge again directly or by transmission mechanism It crosses transmission mechanism and drives the first valve actuating mechanism and duaspiracle driving mechanism.
It increases a valve actuating mechanism, a valve control machanism and a valve adjustments mechanism, that is, uses first Valve control machanism, the first valve adjustments mechanism, duaspiracle control mechanism, duaspiracle regulating mechanism, the first valve actuation Mechanism and duaspiracle driving mechanism.Increase valve actuation bridge.Cam is first directly or by transmission mechanism, then passes through valve actuation Bridge finally drives the first valve adjustments mechanism input terminal and duaspiracle regulating mechanism to input directly or by transmission mechanism respectively End.First valve control machanism adjusts the first valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side directly or by transmission mechanism.Duaspiracle control Mechanism adjusts duaspiracle regulating mechanism adjustable side directly or by transmission mechanism.First valve adjustments mechanism output end directly or The first valve actuating mechanism is driven by transmission mechanism.Duaspiracle regulating mechanism output end drives directly or by transmission mechanism Duaspiracle driving mechanism.
Two cams are switched, the cam shaft, which is put on, is provided with two switching slot；The axial moving mechanism is adopted With two electromagnetic actuators；Or the axial moving mechanism uses two hydraulic actuating mechanisms and two hydraulic control machines Structure.
Three cams are switched, the cam shaft, which is put on, is provided with two switching slot；The axial moving mechanism is adopted With three electromagnetic actuators；Or the axial moving mechanism uses three hydraulic actuating mechanisms and three hydraulic control machines Structure.
Valve adjustments mechanism uses fluid pressure type mechanism, lever mechanism or four-bar mechanism；The valve control machanism uses Mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or electric mechanism are as control mechanism, using hydraulic unit, adjustable track, adjusting rod, or Person's four-bar mechanism is as executing agency.
Transmission mechanism is sliding block, push rod, rocker arm, swing arm, four-bar mechanism or Hydraulic Main from piston type mechanism.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (a) this axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system mainly includes convex Wheel shaft, cam shaft sleeve, axial moving mechanism, valve adjustments mechanism, valve control machanism etc., cam shaft sleeve include at least the One cam and the second cam realize engine two-stroke drive mode, four strokes driving mould by using axial moving mechanism Conversion between the various modes such as formula, two-stroke braking mode, four stroke braking modes, to meet engine in different moulds To the requirement of ventilation under formula；(b) in each mode, by using valve control machanism, realize under each pattern not Generator operating conditions with operating point advanced optimize, and finally improve engine power performance, fuel economy, row comprehensively Putting property and braking safety；(c) present invention provides mechanical valve regulating mechanism or fluid pressure type according to practical type for user Valve adjustments mechanism, the former has preferable changeable air valve degree of flexibility and good reliability, and the latter has higher variable Valve degree of flexibility selects suitable scheme according to the actual conditions of oneself to allow user, on the basis of high performance-price ratio On, meet the requirement under the various operating conditions of engine to import/exhaust door operating condition；(d) present invention, which passes through, rationally designs, High reliablity, mechanism are compact, reduce the requirement to various parts, and each mechanism uses more mature technology, improves system A possibility that practical in a short time, it is finally obtained good application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation It is intended to.
Fig. 2 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive dual valve operation It is intended to.
Fig. 3 is showing for the biconvex wheel drive dual valve double axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation systems adjusted of operation It is intended to.
Fig. 4 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of three actuated by cams list valves operation It is intended to.
Fig. 5 is that have the axial displacement of the dull section of electromagnetic type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of single camshaft axle sleeve more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.
Fig. 6 is that have the axial displacement of the dull section of three actuated by cams list valve of electromagnetic type operation of single camshaft axle sleeve more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.
Fig. 7 is that have the axial displacement of the dull section of fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of single camshaft axle sleeve more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.
Fig. 8 is that there are two the axial displacements of the dull section of the fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve of cam shaft sleeve operation for tool The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Fig. 9 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke drive modes.
Figure 10 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke drive modes.
Figure 11 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke braking modes.
Figure 12 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke braking modes.
Figure 13 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive mode.
Figure 14 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive mode.
Figure 15 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.
Figure 16 is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.
Figure 17 is the axial displacement using the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of fluid pressure type valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Figure 18 is the axial displacement using the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of lever valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Figure 19 is the axial displacement using the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of four-bar valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.
Figure 20 is that the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the single camshaft axle sleeve with two groups of cams shows It is intended to.
In figure: 1, cylinder cap；2, valve actuating mechanism；201, the first valve actuating mechanism；202, duaspiracle driving mechanism； 2A, left side valve actuating mechanism；2B, right side valve actuating mechanism；2-1, No.1 valve actuating mechanism；2-2, No. two valve actuations Mechanism；3, camshaft；3-1, No.1 camshaft；3-2, No. two camshafts；4, cam shaft sleeve；401, the first cam；402, Two cams；401A, the first cam of left side；402A, the second cam of left side；401B, the first cam of right side；402B, right side second are convex Take turns 403, third cam；404, the first switching slot；405, the second switching slot；4-1, No.1 cam shaft sleeve；401-1, No.1 One cam；402-1, the second cam of No.1；404-1, the first switching slot of No.1；405-1, the second switching slot of No.1；4-2, No. two Cam shaft sleeve；401-2, No. two first cams；402-2, No. two second cams；404-2, No. two first switching slot；405-2, No. two second switching slot；5, axial moving mechanism；501, the first electromagnetic actuator；501b, the switching of the first electromagnetic actuator Pin；502, the second electromagnetic actuator；502b, the second electromagnetic actuator switching pin；503, third electromagnetic actuator； 503b, third electromagnetic actuator switching pin；511, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism；511a, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism drive mouth； 511b, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pin；511k, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring；512, the second hydraulic execution machine Structure；512a, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism drive mouth；512b, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pin；512k, the second hydraulic execution Reset spring；521, the first hydraulic control；521a, the first hydraulic control drive mouth；521p, the first hydraulic control Mechanism high-pressure mouth processed；521t, the first hydraulic control low pressure port；522, the second hydraulic control；522a, the second hydraulic control Mechanism processed drives mouth；522p, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth；522t, the second hydraulic control low pressure port；53, low pressure Source；54, high-voltage power supply；511-1, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1；511a-1, the first hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 drive mouth； 511b-1, No.1 the first hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pin；511k-1, No.1 the first hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring；512-1, The second hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1；512a-1, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 drive mouth；512b-1, No.1 second is hydraulic holds Row mechanism switching pin；512k-1, No.1 the second hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring；511-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanisms； 511a-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanisms drive mouth；511b-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pins；511k-2, two Number the first hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring；512-2, No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms；512a-2, No. two second hydraulic execution Mechanism drives mouth；512b-2, No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism switching pins；512k-2, No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms reset Spring；55, the first common rail chamber；56, the second common rail chamber；6, valve control machanism；601, the first valve control machanism；602, second Valve control machanism；6-1, No.1 valve control machanism；6-2, No. two valve control machanisms；6A, left side valve control machanism； 6B, right side valve control machanism；6Y, hydraulic control；6TL, cam is adjusted；6GD, adjustable track；6G, adjusting rod；6DA, The first hinge joint of adjusting rod；6DB, the second hinge joint of adjusting rod；7, valve adjustments mechanism；7a, valve adjustments mechanism input terminal； 7b, valve adjustments mechanism output end；7c, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；701, the first valve adjustments mechanism；701a, the first gas Door regulating mechanism input terminal；701b, the first valve adjustments mechanism output end；701c, the first valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；702, Duaspiracle regulating mechanism；702a, duaspiracle regulating mechanism input terminal；702b, duaspiracle regulating mechanism output end； 702c, duaspiracle regulating mechanism adjustable side；7-1, No.1 valve adjustments mechanism；7a-1, No.1 valve adjustments mechanism input terminal； 7b-1, No.1 valve adjustments mechanism output end；7c-1, No.1 valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；7-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanisms； 7a-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanism input terminals；7b-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanism output ends；7c-2, No. two valve adjustments mechanisms Adjustable side；7A, left side valve adjustments mechanism；7Aa, left side valve adjustments mechanism input terminal；7Ab, left side valve adjustments mechanism are defeated Outlet；7Ac, left side valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；7B, right side valve adjustments mechanism；7Ba, the input of right side valve adjustments mechanism End；7Bb, right side valve adjustments mechanism output end；7Bc, right side valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side；7G, plunger type oil feeder；7Q, Hydraulic piston type valve actuation device；T, draining chamber；7GG, lever；7K；Reset spring；7G1, the first bar；7G2, the second bar；7G3, Third bar；The strut of 7Z1, the first bar；7DA, the first hinge joint；7DB, the second hinge joint；7DC, third hinge joint；8, valve drives Dynamic bridge.
Specific embodiment
The present invention relates to a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation systems.It includes valve actuating mechanism 2, convex Wheel shaft 3, cam shaft sleeve 4, axial moving mechanism 5, valve control machanism 6, valve adjustments mechanism 7.Fig. 1 is biconvex wheel drive list The schematic diagram of the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of valve operation.Is arranged in cam shaft sleeve 4 One cam 401 and the second cam 402.First cam 401 uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, and second is convex Wheel 402 uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, and biconvex cam lobes use molded line identical and phase Differ two protrusions of 180 ° of camshaft degrees.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 has valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a, valve adjustments machine Structure output end 7b and valve regulating mechanism adjustable side 7c.Axial moving mechanism 5 adjusts the axial position of cam shaft sleeve 4, determines The cam for directing or through transmission mechanism driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a is the first cam 401 or the second cam 402.Valve control machanism 6 adjusts the position of valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c, valve adjustments machine directly or by transmission mechanism Structure output end 7b drives valve actuating mechanism 2 directly or by transmission mechanism.Transmission mechanism be sliding block, push rod, rocker arm, swing arm, Four-bar mechanism or Hydraulic Main are from piston type mechanism.
Fig. 2 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive dual valve operation It is intended to.System increases a valve actuating mechanism 2, i.e. the first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle driving mechanism 202, increases Aerating door drive axle 8.Valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b first passes through valve actuation bridge 8 again directly or by transmission mechanism and finally divides The first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle driving mechanism 202 are not driven directly or by transmission mechanism.Realize the first gas The synchronous adjustment of door drive mechanism 201 and duaspiracle driving mechanism 202.
Fig. 3 is showing for the biconvex wheel drive dual valve double axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation systems adjusted of operation It is intended to.System increases by 2, valve control machanisms 6 of a valve actuating mechanism and a valve adjustments mechanism 7, i.e., using the One valve control machanism 601, the first valve adjustments mechanism 701, duaspiracle control mechanism 602, duaspiracle regulating mechanism 702, the first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle driving mechanism 202；Increase valve actuation bridge 8；Cam first directly or by It is last respectively directly or by transmission mechanism the first valve adjustments mechanism input terminal of driving that transmission mechanism passes through valve actuation bridge 8 again 701a and duaspiracle regulating mechanism input terminal 702a, the first valve control machanism 601 adjust the directly or by transmission mechanism The position of one valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 701c, duaspiracle control mechanism 602 adjust second directly or by transmission mechanism The position of valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 702c, the first valve adjustments mechanism output end 701b drive directly or by transmission mechanism First valve actuating mechanism 201, duaspiracle regulating mechanism output end 702b drive duaspiracle directly or by transmission mechanism Driving mechanism 202.Realize the separately adjustable of the first valve actuating mechanism 201 and duaspiracle driving mechanism 202.
Fig. 4 is showing for the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of three actuated by cams list valves operation It is intended to.System increases third cam 403 in cam shaft sleeve 4, and third cam 403 uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex Play cam lobes.Axial moving mechanism 5 adjusts the axial position of cam shaft sleeve 4, and decision directs or through transmission mechanism drive A cam of regulating mechanism input terminal 7a of taking offence is the first cam 401, the second cam 402 or third cam 403.Wherein, three The dull section of actuated by cams dual valve operation, the operation pair of three actuated by cams dual valves adjust or the feelings of more actuated by cams valves Condition is not repeated herein.
Fig. 5 is that have the axial displacement of the dull section of electromagnetic type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of single camshaft axle sleeve more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.The first cam 401, the second cam 402, first are provided in cam shaft sleeve 4 Switching slot 404, the second switching slot 405, the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the second electromagnetic actuator 502.First electromagnetism executes Mechanism 501 has the first electromagnetic actuator switching pin 501b.Second electromagnetic actuator 502 has the second electromagnetic actuator Switching pin 502b.Current driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a's is the first cam 401, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 It is motivated, when the second electromagnetic actuator 502 is not motivated, the first electromagnetic actuator switching pin 501b downlink simultaneously protrudes into first In switching slot 404, cam shaft sleeve 4 is pushed to be moved to the left, drives the cam of valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a by the first cam 401 switch to the second cam 402.Current driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a's is the second cam 402, when the first electromagnetism is held Row mechanism 501 is not motivated, when the second electromagnetic actuator 502 is motivated, the second electromagnetic actuator switching pin 502b downlink And protrude into the second switching slot 405, push cam shaft sleeve 4 to move right.Drive the cam of valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a First cam 401 is switched to by the second cam 402.When the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the second electromagnetic actuator 502 not When being motivated, cam shaft sleeve 4 is without axial movement.First switching slot 404 and the second switching slot 405 are kept completely separate.First 404 right side changeover portion of switching slot and 405 left side changeover portion of the second switching slot can also coincide.
Fig. 6 is that have the axial displacement of the dull section of three actuated by cams list valve of electromagnetic type operation of single camshaft axle sleeve more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.Increase third cam 403 in cam shaft sleeve 4.Increase third electromagnetism and executes machine Structure 503.Third electromagnetic actuator 503 has third electromagnetic actuator switching pin 503b.First switching slot, 404 right side transition Section and 405 left side changeover portion of the second switching slot coincide.Current driving valve actuation regulating mechanism input terminal 7a's is second convex Wheel 402, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 is motivated, the second electromagnetic actuator 502 and third electromagnetic actuator 503 are equal It when not motivated, the first electromagnetic actuator drive pin 501b downlink and protrudes into the first switching slot 404, pushes cam shaft Set 4 is moved to the left, and valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a is driven to switch to third cam 403 by the second cam 402.Current driving gas Door regulating mechanism input terminal 7a is third cam 403, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and third electromagnetic actuator 503 are equal It is not motivated, when the second electromagnetic actuator 502 is motivated, the second electromagnetic actuator drive pin 502b downlink and protrudes into In two switching slot 405, cam shaft sleeve 4 is pushed to move right, driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a is cut by third cam 403 Change the second cam 402 into.Current driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a is the second cam (402), when third electromagnetism executes machine Structure 503 is motivated, and when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and the second electromagnetic actuator 502 are not motivated, third electromagnetism is executed It mechanism drive pin 503b downlink and protrudes into the second switching slot 405, cam shaft sleeve 4 is pushed to move right, drive valve tune It saves mechanism input terminal 7a and the first cam 401 is switched to by the second cam 402.Current driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a is the One cam 401, when the first electromagnetic actuator 501 and third electromagnetic actuator 503 are not motivated, the second electromagnetism executes machine It when structure 502 is motivated, the second electromagnetic actuator drive pin 502b downlink and protrudes into the first switching slot 404, pushes cam Axis axle sleeve 4 is moved to the left, and valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a is driven to switch to the second cam 402 by the first cam (401).First When electromagnetic actuator 501, the second electromagnetic actuator 502 and third electromagnetic actuator 503 are not motivated, cam shaft Set 4 is without axial movement.
Fig. 7 is that have the axial displacement of the dull section of fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of single camshaft axle sleeve more The schematic diagram of mode variables valve-driving system.Fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism include two sets of hydraulic actuating mechanisms, two sets it is hydraulic Control mechanism, high-voltage power supply 54 and low pressure source 53.Hydraulic actuating mechanism uses reciprocating-piston mechanism, including the first hydraulic execution machine Structure 511 and the second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512.First hydraulic actuating mechanism 511 include the first hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 511a, First hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 511b and the first hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring 511k.Second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512 It is multiple including the second hydraulic actuating mechanism driving mouth 512a, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b and the second hydraulic actuating mechanism Position spring 512k.Hydraulic control includes the first hydraulic control 521 and the second hydraulic control 522.First is hydraulic Control mechanism 521 includes the first hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p, the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the first liquid Control mechanism is pressed to drive mouth 521a.Second hydraulic control 522 includes the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p, the second liquid Control mechanism low pressure port 522t and the second hydraulic control is pressed to drive mouth 522a.First hydraulic actuating mechanism drive mouth 511a with First hydraulic control drives mouth 521a to be connected.Second hydraulic actuating mechanism drives mouth 512a and the second hydraulic control to drive The 522a that opens one's mouth is connected.First hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p and the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p is and high-voltage power supply 54 are connected.First hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t with 53 phase of low pressure source Even.When first hydraulic control 521 is not motivated, the first hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p is blocked, the first hydraulic control Mechanism low pressure port 521t processed is connected with the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a.When first hydraulic control 521 is motivated, First hydraulic control low pressure port 521t is blocked, the first hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p and the first hydraulic control Mouth 521a is driven to be connected.When second hydraulic control 522 is not motivated, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p is blocked Plug, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t are connected with the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a.Second hydraulic control machine When structure 522 is motivated, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t is blocked, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p and the Two hydraulic controls drive mouth 522a to be connected.Current driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a's is the first cam 401, and First hydraulic control 521 is motivated, when the second hydraulic control 522 is not motivated, the driving of the first hydraulic actuating mechanism It sells 511b downlink and protrudes into the first switching slot 404, cam shaft sleeve 4 is pushed to be moved to the left, driving valve adjustments mechanism is defeated Enter to hold 7a to switch to the second cam 402 by the first cam 401.Current driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a's is the second cam 402, the first hydraulic control 521 is not motivated, when the second hydraulic control 522 is motivated, the second hydraulic actuating mechanism It drive pin 512b downlink and protrudes into the second switching slot 405, cam shaft sleeve 4 is pushed to move right, drive valve adjustments machine Structure input terminal 7a switches to the first cam 401 by the second cam 402.First hydraulic control 521 and the second hydraulic control machine When structure 522 is not motivated, cam shaft sleeve 4 is without axial movement.Fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism carries out three cam switchings When, need to increase a hydraulic actuating mechanism and hydraulic control.It is not repeated herein.
Fig. 8 is that there are two the axial displacements of the dull section of the fluid pressure type biconvex wheel drive list valve of cam shaft sleeve operation for tool The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.Fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism includes four sets of hydraulic actuating mechanisms, two sets of liquid Press control mechanism, high-voltage power supply 54 and low pressure source 53.Hydraulic actuating mechanism includes No.1 the first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-1 and No.1 Second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512-1, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-2 and No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512-2.One Number the first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-1 includes the first hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 driving mouth 511a-1, the hydraulic execution of No.1 first Mechanism drive pin 511b-1 and No.1 the first hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring 511k-1.The second hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 512- 1 includes the second hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 driving mouth 512a-1, No.1 the second hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b-1 and No.1 Second hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring 512k-1.No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511-2 include No. two first hydraulic execution Mechanism drives mouth 511a-2, No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 511b-2 and No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanisms to reset bullet Spring 511k-2.No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512-2 include No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms driving mouth 512a-2, No. two the Two hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b-2 and No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism reset spring 512k-2.Hydraulic control packet Include the first hydraulic control 521 and the second hydraulic control 522.Wherein, the first hydraulic control 521 includes the first liquid Control mechanism high-pressure mouth 521p, the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the first hydraulic control is pressed to drive mouth 521a. Second hydraulic control 522 includes the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t Mouth 522a is driven with the second hydraulic control.The first hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 driving mouth 511a-1 and No. two first hydraulic are held Row mechanism driving mouth 511a-2 directs or through the first common rail chamber 55 and is connected with the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a. The second hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 drive mouth 512a-1 and No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanisms driving mouth 512a-2 directly or Mouth 522a is driven to be connected with the second hydraulic control by the second common rail chamber 56.First hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 521p and Second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 522p is connected with high-voltage power supply 54.First hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the second liquid Pressure control mechanism low pressure port 522t is connected with low pressure source 53.When first hydraulic control 521 is not motivated, the first hydraulic control Mechanism high-pressure mouth 521p processed is blocked, and the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t and the first hydraulic control drive mouth 521a It is connected.When first hydraulic control 521 is motivated, the first hydraulic control low pressure port 521t is blocked, the first hydraulic control Mechanism high-pressure mouth 521p processed is connected with the first hydraulic control driving mouth 521a.Second hydraulic control 522 is not motivated When, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p is blocked, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t and the second hydraulic control Mechanism drives mouth 522a to be connected.When second hydraulic control 522 is motivated, the second hydraulic control low pressure port 522t is blocked Plug, the second hydraulic control high-pressure mouth 512p are connected with the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a.Current driving No.1 gas That door regulating mechanism input terminal 7a-1 is No.1 the first cam 401-1, and drive No. two valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a-2 is No. two first cam 401-2, and the first hydraulic control 521 is motivated, and the second hydraulic control 522 is not motivated When, it the first hydraulic actuating mechanism of No.1 drive pin 511b-1 downlink and protrudes into the first switching slot of No.1 404-1, pushes No.1 Cam shaft sleeve 4-1 is moved to the left, and drives the cam of No.1 valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a-1 by the first cam of No.1 401-1 It is switched to the second cam of No.1 402-1；Meanwhile No. two first hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 511b-2 downlinks and protruding into No. two In first switching slot 404-2, No. two cam shaft sleeve 4-2 is pushed to be moved to the left, drives No. two valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a- 2 cam is switched to No. two second cam 402-2 by No. two first cam 401-2.Current driving No.1 valve adjustments mechanism is defeated That enter to hold 7a-1 is No.1 the second cam 402-1, and drive No. two valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a-2 is No. two second cams 402-2, and the first hydraulic control 521 is not motivated, when the second hydraulic control 522 is motivated, the second liquid of No.1 It pressure actuator drive pin 512b-1 downlink and protrudes into the second switching slot of No.1 405-1, pushes No.1 cam shaft sleeve 4-1 It moves right, the cam of No.1 valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a-1 is driven to be switched to No.1 the by the second cam of No.1 402-1 One cam 401-1；Meanwhile No. two second hydraulic actuating mechanism drive pin 512b-2 downlinks and protruding into No. two second switching slot In 405-2, No. two cam shaft sleeve 4-2 is pushed to move right, drive the cam of No. two valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a-2 by No. two second cam 402-2 are switched to No. two first cam 401-2.
For the system with multiple cam shaft sleeves 4, fluid pressure type axial moving mechanism needs a set of first are hydraulic Control mechanism 521 and a set of second hydraulic control 522, and need first equal with cam shaft sleeve quantity is hydraulic to hold Row mechanism 511, the driving mouth of these the first hydraulic actuating mechanisms 511 direct or through the first common rail chamber 55 and first hydraulic Control mechanism drives mouth 521a to be connected；Second hydraulic actuating mechanism 512 equal with cam shaft sleeve quantity is needed, these second The driving mouth of hydraulic actuating mechanism 512 directs or through the second common rail chamber 56 and the second hydraulic control driving mouth 522a It is connected.First hydraulic control 521 controls all the first hydraulic actuating mechanism 511 synchronous operation, realizes all cams Synchronizing for axis axle sleeve 4 is moved to the left；Second hydraulic control 522 controls the synchronous fortune of the second all hydraulic actuating mechanisms 512 Row, realizes that all synchronizing for cam shaft sleeve 4 move right, finally realizes the first cam in all cam shaft sleeves 4 401 and the second switching between cam 402.
For the Variabale valve actuation system for multimode engine, engine has based on the actual application requirements Which mode selects the types of cam lobes.Fig. 9 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke drive modes.Figure 10 is four punchings Exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under journey drive mode.Figure 11 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under four stroke braking modes.Figure 12 is four Exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under stroke braking mode.Figure 13 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive mode.Figure 14 is Exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke drive mode.Figure 15 is inlet valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.Figure 16 It is exhaust valve cam schematic diagram under two-stroke braking mode.Such as it can be used with meeting the vehicle based on low-speed big power output Four stroke drive modes and two-stroke drive mode, then, the cam of air inlet side selects Fig. 9 and Figure 13, the cam choosing of exhaust side Select Figure 10 and Figure 14.Such as with meet the vehicle based on the auxiliary braking safety of heavy-duty vehicle can be used four stroke drive modes and Two-stroke braking mode, then, the cam of air inlet side selects Fig. 9 and Figure 15, and the cam of exhaust side selects Figure 10 and Figure 16.Such as with Four stroke drive modes, four stroke braking modes and two punchings also can be used in the vehicle for meeting the auxiliary braking safety of heavy-duty vehicle Journey braking mode, then, three cams may be selected in the cam of air inlet side, i.e. Fig. 9, Figure 11 and Figure 15, the cam of exhaust side is optional Select three cams, i.e. Figure 10, Figure 12 and Figure 16.Such as to need to meet low-speed big power output simultaneously and meet heavy-duty vehicle Auxiliary braking safety vehicle use four stroke drive modes, two-stroke drive mode and two-stroke braking mode, then, Three cams, i.e. Fig. 9, Figure 13 and Figure 15 may be selected in the cam of air inlet side, and the cam of exhaust side may be selected three cams, that is, scheme 10, Figure 14 and Figure 16.
Due to number of stroke it is constant in the case where, import/exhaust door running frequency is constant, then, import/exhaust door is possible to use One cam drives, by valve control machanism individually or with the camshaft phase regulating mechanism phase that is arranged on camshaft Cooperate to provide corresponding valve opening timing for specific operating point and open the duration.The constant situation of number of stroke drives mould There is very valve opening timing, the requirement of unlatching duration, valve maximum lift of import/exhaust door in formula and braking mode The difference of big difference, valve opening timing is bigger, it is desirable that camshaft phase regulating mechanism adjustable extent it is bigger, once it is super The adjustable range of common such as vane type vvt mechanism out, needs expensive electronic VVT；If using an actuated by cams, If realizing the small unlatching duration by using mechanical continuous variable valve control machanism, valve maximum lift can be corresponding It reduces, in fact it could happen that requirement of the different mode to duration and maximum lift is opened can not be met simultaneously, cannot achieve and most preferably change Gas.Under two-stroke drive mode and two-stroke braking mode, or under four stroke drive modes and four stroke braking modes, into The unlatching timing of valve and unlatching duration are not much different, and the unlatching timing of exhaust valve and unlatching duration difference are larger.Therefore, The constant situation of number of stroke is also needed according to the actual situation using one or two cams to determine.
For the Variabale valve actuation system for single-mode engine, such as four stroke drive modes, air inlet side Cam select Fig. 9.Under different operating conditions, two to three different cams are selected.Using such as under low speed and load operating condition has The small cam for opening duration and small lift, using with unlatching duration and high-lift greatly under high speed high load capacity operating condition Cam.For another example, under low speed same cylinder two inlet valve asynchronous operations, i.e., an inlet valve is with big valve stroke and unlatching Duration operation, another inlet valve is with small valve stroke and opens duration operation, can enhance In Cylinder Flow, improve The performance of engine therefore can be by using the structure of such as Figure 20, and left cam and right cam under the low speed has not Same cam profile or left side valve control machanism 6A and right side valve control machanism 6B using the methods of different control amount come It realizes.
In order to meet requirement of the practical application to changeable air valve degree of flexibility, cost, system arrangement etc., the present invention can It arranges in pairs or groups fluid pressure type or a variety of different valve control machanisms such as mechanical.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 uses fluid pressure type mechanism, lever Mechanism or four-bar mechanism.Valve control machanism 6 is using mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or electric mechanism as control unit Part, using hydraulic unit, adjustable track, adjusting rod or four-bar mechanism as execution unit.
Figure 17 is the axial displacement using the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of fluid pressure type valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 uses fluid pressure type mechanism, including plunger type oil feeder 7G With hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q, the oil in oil pocket and hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q in plunger type oil feeder 7G Chamber is connected by driving oil circuit；Valve control machanism 6 uses hydraulic control 6Y, it can be set in driving oil circuit and draining Between chamber T, the connected state of control driving oil circuit and draining chamber T then controls the operating condition of valve.Hydraulic control 6Y Driving between oil pocket in oil pocket in plunger type oil feeder 7G and hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q can also be set On oil circuit, the connected state of the oil pocket in plunger type oil feeder 7G and the oil pocket in hydraulic piston type valve actuation device 7Q is controlled, Then the operating condition of valve is controlled.Hydraulic valve can be used as execution unit in hydraulic control 6Y, and mechanical, electricity can be used Magnetic, the hydraulic or control unit of the mechanisms as execution unit such as electrical.There are many concrete forms of hydraulic control 6Y, such as Solenoid-operated hydraulic valve, Mechanical course hydraulic valve, hydraulic control check valve etc..
Valve adjustments mechanism 7 uses lever mechanism, including three fulcrums of lever 7GG, lever 7GG are respectively valve adjustments Mechanism input terminal 7a, valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b and valve regulating mechanism adjustable side 7c.It may also include according to actual needs Reset spring 7K.Figure 18 is the axial movement using the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of lever valve adjustments mechanism The schematic diagram of formula multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system.The intermediate support of lever 7GG is arranged in valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a On, valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b and valve regulating mechanism adjustable side 7c are separately positioned on other two fulcrums of lever 7GG On.It can also be that valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b is arranged on the intermediate support of lever 7GG, valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a It is separately positioned on other two fulcrums of lever 7GG with valve regulating mechanism adjustable side 7c or valve adjustments mechanism tune Section end 7c is arranged on the intermediate support of lever 7GG, and valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a and valve regulating mechanism output end 7b divide It is not arranged on other two fulcrums of lever 7GG.
Valve adjustments mechanism 7 can also use four-bar mechanism.Valve adjustments mechanism 7 may include the first bar 7G1, the second bar 7G2, third bar 7G3.It may also include four-bar mechanism reset spring 7K according to actual needs.Valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a can be set It sets on the strut of a bar in the first bar 7G1, third bar 7G3 or this two bar, valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b setting On the strut of a bar on a bar in other two bar or in other two bar, valve control machanism 6 passes through tune The position of throttle adjustment mechanism adjustable side 7c come adjust relative position between some hinge joint of each bar and cylinder cap 1 and/or The distance of two hinge joints of certain bar.The bar that the distance of two hinge joints of certain bar is referred to as certain bar is long.This kind of four-bar mechanism can Using a variety of connection types.If the first bar 7G1 is by the first hinge joint 7DA and 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap or as valve adjustments Mechanism input terminal 7a directs or through transmission mechanism and is in contact with cam, and the first bar 7G1 passes through the second hinge joint 7DB and second Bar 7G2 is hinged, and the second bar 7G2 adjusts third bar 7G3 by the hinged valve control machanism 6 of third hinge joint 7DC and third bar 7G3 Another hinge joint and cylinder cap 1 between position and/or third bar 7G3 bar it is long.For another example the first bar 7G1 is hinged by first Point 7DA directs or through transmission mechanism and cam phase with 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap or as valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a Contact, the second bar 7G2 is hinged by third hinge joint 7DC and third bar 7G3, and third bar 7G3 passes through the 4th hinge joint and cylinder cap 1 Fixed hinge, the bar that valve control machanism 6 adjusts the first bar 7G1 and/or the second bar 7G2 are long.As the first bar 7G1 passes through the second hinge Contact 7DB and the second bar 7G2 are hinged, the second bar 7G2 by third hinge joint 7DC and third bar 7G3 it is hinged, the first bar 7G1 with Third bar 7G3 is in contact with valve control machanism 6 respectively, and valve control machanism 6 adjusts the bar length and/or third of the first bar 7G1 The bar of bar 7G3 is long and/or the position between another hinge joint and cylinder cap 1 of the first bar 7G1 and/or third bar 7G3 it is another Position between a hinge joint and cylinder cap 1.In addition, valve adjustments mechanism 7 can also include the first bar 7G1, the second bar 7G2 and cunning Block.Valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a may be provided on one in the first bar 7G1, sliding block or the two parts strut, gas The strut of a part on a part in other two part or in other two part is arranged in door regulating mechanism output end 7b On, valve control machanism 6 adjusts the relative position between each component by adjusting the position of valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c And/or certain bars bar is long and/or the track of sliding block etc..A variety of connection types can be used in this kind of four-bar mechanism.Such as the first bar 7G1 It directs or through transmission mechanism with 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap or valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a and is in contact with cam, second Bar 7G2 is hinged with sliding block, and sliding block is moved along trapped orbit, and valve control machanism 6 adjusts the first bar 7G1 and/or the second bar 7G2 Bar it is long.If the first bar 7G1 and the second bar 7G2 is hinged, the second bar 7G2 is hinged with sliding block, and sliding block is moved along trapped orbit, gas The bar length of first bar 7G1 of the door adjusting of control mechanism 6 and/or the bar of the second bar 7G2 are long.Such as the first bar 7G1 and 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap Or valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a directs or through transmission mechanism and is in contact with cam, the first bar 7G1 and the second bar 7G2 Hingedly, sliding block is moved along trapped orbit, valve control machanism 6 adjust the second bar 7G2 bar is long and/or the second bar 7G2 it is another One position between hinge joint and sliding block.Such as the first bar 7G1 and 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap or valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a It directs or through transmission mechanism to be in contact with cam, the first bar 7G1 and the second bar 7G2 are hinged, and the second bar 7G2 and sliding block are cut with scissors It connects, sliding block is moved along track, position and direction of 6 adjustable track of valve control machanism etc..Figure 19 is using four-bar valve The signal of the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the dull section of biconvex wheel drive list valve operation of regulating mechanism Figure.First bar 7G1 passes through the first hinge joint 7DA and 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap.First bar 7G1 passes through the second hinge joint 7DB and second Bar 7G2 is hinged.Second bar 7G2 is hinged by third hinge joint 7DC and third bar 7G3.Cam passes through sliding block, i.e. push rod and third Another fulcrum of bar 7G3 is in contact, and contact point is as valve adjustments mechanism input terminal 7a.Valve adjustments mechanism output end 7b is set It sets on the strut 7Z1 of the first bar 7G1, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c is arranged on the strut of third bar 7G3.Reset spring 7K is arranged on third bar 7G3.
When lever mechanism or four-bar mechanism can be used in valve adjustments mechanism 7, a variety of sides are can be used in valve control machanism 6 Formula.Valve control machanism 6 using mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or electric mechanism as control unit, using hydraulic unit, Adjustable track, adjusting rod or four-bar mechanism are as execution unit.As valve control machanism 6 may include mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, Motor or electrically equal control units and adjustable track 6GD, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side the 7c output with control mechanism simultaneously End and adjustable track 6GD are in contact, the output quantity of the output end of 6 adjusting control mechanism of valve control machanism, to realize valve Regulating mechanism adjustable side 7c is pushed by the output end of control mechanism, is run along adjustable track 6GD.As shown in figure 18, valve control Mechanism 6 processed may include mechanism of the output end using the control unit and adjustable track 6GD for adjusting cam 6TL, valve adjustments mechanism Adjustable side 7c is in contact with adjusting cam 6TL and adjustable track 6GD simultaneously, and the control mechanism of valve control machanism 6, which changes, to be adjusted The phase of cam 6TL is transported to realize that valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c is conditioned cam 6TL promotion along adjustable track 6GD Row.Valve control machanism 6 may also include mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or control units and the adjusting rod 6G such as electrical, adjust Bar 6G is arranged by adjusting rod the first hinge joint 6DA and 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c in adjusting rod 6G Or on its strut, control mechanism adjusts adjusting rod 6G and rotates around adjusting rod the first hinge joint 6DA, to change valve adjustments The position of mechanism adjustable side 7c.As shown in figure 19, adjusting rod 6G passes through adjusting rod the first hinge joint 6DA and 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap, Adjusting rod 6G passes through the strut fixed hinge of adjusting rod the second hinge joint 6DB and third bar 7G3, the second hinge joint of adjusting rod 6DB As valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c.Change the rotation angle of adjusting rod 6G by control mechanism, realizes valve adjustments mechanism The adjusting of the adjustable side position 7c.Valve control machanism 6 may also include mechanical, electro-hydraulic, electromagnetism, motor or the control units such as electrical And four-bar mechanism.As four-bar mechanism includes the first adjusting rod, the second adjusting rod and third adjusting rod, the first adjusting rod and cylinder cap 1 Fixed hinge, the first adjusting rod and the second adjusting rod are hinged, and the second adjusting rod and third adjusting rod are hinged, third adjusting rod and cylinder 1 fixed hinge of lid, control mechanism adjust the rotation angle of the first adjusting rod or third adjusting rod, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c is in contact with the strut of a bar in other two adjusting rod or a bar in other two adjusting rod.Such as valve control Mechanism 6 processed can also include the first adjusting rod, the second adjusting rod and adjusting slider, the first adjusting rod and 1 fixed hinge of cylinder cap, the One adjusting rod is hinged with adjusting slider, and adjusting slider is moved along trapped orbit.Valve control machanism 6 controls the first adjusting rod Angle is rotated, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c connects with the strut of the second adjusting rod, adjusting slider or one of which Touching.Or valve control machanism 6 controls to adjust the amount of movement of sliding block, valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side 7c and the first adjusting rod, the Two adjusting rods or the strut of one of which are in contact.In practical applications, above-mentioned component need according to actual needs into Row deformation.As adjusting rod 6G can be replaced with eccentric wheel.Adjust cam 6TL can with push rod, lever on-fixed fulcrum or Eccentric wheel etc. replaces.
Figure 20 is that the axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system of the single camshaft axle sleeve with two groups of cams shows It is intended to.It increases a valve actuating mechanism 2, that is, uses left side valve actuating mechanism 2A and right side valve actuating mechanism 2B.Increase Add first cam 401 and second cam 402, that is, uses the first cam of left side 401A, left side the second cam 402A, the right side Side the first cam 401B and right side the second cam 402B.When cam shaft sleeve is in leftward position, left side the first cam 401A is straight It connects or drives left side valve actuating mechanism 2A, right side the first cam 401B to direct or through transmission mechanism by transmission mechanism Driving right side valve actuating mechanism 2B.When cam shaft sleeve is in right positions, left side the second cam 402A is directed or through Transmission mechanism driving left side valve actuating mechanism 2A, right side the second cam 402B direct or through transmission mechanism driving right side gas Door drive mechanism 2B.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system, including valve actuating mechanism (2), camshaft (3), cam Axis axle sleeve (4), axial moving mechanism (5), valve control machanism (6), valve adjustments mechanism (7)；Wherein, cam shaft sleeve (4) The first cam of upper setting (401) and the second cam (402)；First cam (401) uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex Cam lobes, the second cam (402) use single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobes, and biconvex cam lobes use Molded line is identical and two protrusions of 180 ° of camshaft degrees of phase phase difference；Valve adjustments mechanism (7) has valve adjustments mechanism Input terminal (7a), valve adjustments mechanism output end (7b) and valve regulating mechanism adjustable side (7c)；Axial moving mechanism (5) is adjusted The axial position of cam shaft sleeve (4) determines to direct or through transmission mechanism driving valve adjustments mechanism input terminal (7a) Cam is the first cam (401) or the second cam (402)；Valve control machanism (6) adjusts gas directly or by transmission mechanism The position of door regulating mechanism adjustable side (7c), valve adjustments mechanism output end (7b) drive directly or by transmission mechanism driving valve Motivation structure (2)；It is characterized in that: switching for two cams, there are two switching slot for setting on the cam shaft sleeve (4)；It is described Axial moving mechanism (5) uses two electromagnetic actuators；Or the axial moving mechanism (5) uses two hydraulic execution machines Structure and two hydraulic controls.
2. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in cam Increase third cam (403) on axis axle sleeve (4), third cam (403) uses single-tab cam lobes or biconvex cam lobe Piece；Axial moving mechanism (5) adjusts the axial position of cam shaft sleeve (4), and decision directs or through transmission mechanism driving gas The cam of door regulating mechanism input terminal (7a) is the first cam (401), the second cam (402) or third cam (403).
3. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: increasing by one A valve actuating mechanism (2), i.e. the first valve actuating mechanism (201) and duaspiracle driving mechanism (202) increase valve actuation Bridge (8)；It is finally straight respectively that valve adjustments mechanism output end (7b) first passes through valve actuation bridge (8) again directly or by transmission mechanism It connects or by transmission mechanism driving the first valve actuating mechanism (201) and duaspiracle driving mechanism (202).
4. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: increasing by one A valve actuating mechanism (2), a valve control machanism (6) and a valve adjustments mechanism (7) are controlled using the first valve Mechanism (601), the first valve adjustments mechanism (701), duaspiracle control mechanism (602), duaspiracle regulating mechanism (702), First valve actuating mechanism (201) and duaspiracle driving mechanism (202)；Increase valve actuation bridge (8)；Cam is first direct or logical Cross transmission mechanism pass through again valve actuation bridge (8) finally respectively directly or by transmission mechanism drive the first valve adjustments mechanism it is defeated Enter end (701a) and duaspiracle regulating mechanism input terminal (702a), the first valve control machanism (601) is directly or by transmission Mechanism adjusts the position of the first valve adjustments mechanism adjustable side (701c), and duaspiracle control mechanism (602) is directly or by biography Motivation structure adjusts the position of duaspiracle regulating mechanism adjustable side (702c), and the first valve adjustments mechanism output end (701b) is direct Or the first valve actuating mechanism (201) are driven by transmission mechanism, duaspiracle regulating mechanism output end (702b) is direct or logical Cross transmission mechanism driving duaspiracle driving mechanism (202).
5. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: for three A cam switches, and there are two switching slot for setting on the cam shaft sleeve (4)；The axial moving mechanism (5) uses three electricity Magnetic executing agency；Or the axial moving mechanism (5) uses three hydraulic actuating mechanisms and three hydraulic controls.
6. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the gas Door regulating mechanism (7) uses fluid pressure type mechanism or four-bar mechanism；The valve control machanism (6) using mechanical, electro-hydraulic or Electric mechanism is as driving part, using hydraulic unit, adjustable track, adjusting rod or four-bar mechanism as execution unit.
7. a kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the biography Motivation structure is sliding block, push rod, rocker arm, swing arm, four-bar mechanism or Hydraulic Main from piston type mechanism.
CN201710185205.5A 2016-12-13 2017-03-25 A kind of axial displacement multi-mode Variabale valve actuation system Expired - Fee Related CN106968752B (en)

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CN101619663B (en) * 2009-07-30 2012-08-22 燕山大学 Distribution cam mechanism of two-stroke and four-stroke switching internal-combustion engine
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