CN106961125B - The equality constraint processing method of wind Thermal and Hydroelectric Power Systems dynamic economic dispatch - Google Patents
The equality constraint processing method of wind Thermal and Hydroelectric Power Systems dynamic economic dispatch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The equality constraint processing method of wind Thermal and Hydroelectric Power Systems dynamic economic dispatch, comprises the following steps：Step 1: establish the equality constraint in wind Thermal and Hydroelectric Power Systems dynamic economic dispatch model, filter out the candidate solution for being unsatisfactory for equality constraint that optimization algorithm produces in current iteration, and the equality constraint violation amount of these candidate solutions is calculated, determine the adjustment amount of system total power；Step 2: principle is lowered in the upper reconciliation of initialization system general power, including determine the output adjustment order of each generating set and the distribution principle of the adjustment amount of system total power；Step 3: the adjustment amount of principle distribution system general power is lowered in reconciliation on the system total power set according to step 2, the power generating value of each generating set of equality constraint is met.The present invention solves the problems, such as that algorithm existing in the prior art influences solution efficiency and constringent when solving Electrical Power System Dynamic Economic Dispatch Problem because equality constraint can not meet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of economic dispatching of power systems, and relates to an equality constraint processing method for dynamic economic dispatching of a wind, water and thermal power system.
Background
The dynamic economic dispatching of the power system is a mathematical optimization problem, has the characteristics of nonlinearity, multiple constraints, high dimensionality, strong coupling and the like, and is very complex to solve. Due to the fact that the number of involved dispatching objects is large and the difference of the operating characteristics of different energy sources is large, the solving difficulty and the calculated amount are increased greatly in the dynamic economic dispatching of the wind-contained fire-water power system. At present, a large number of intelligent optimization algorithms are used for solving dynamic economic dispatching of a power system, and the development of new algorithms is also changing day by day, such as genetic algorithms, particle swarm algorithms, ant colony algorithms, differential evolution algorithms and the like. The nature of the algorithms is that a group of initial solutions generated randomly starts, an optimization mechanism of the algorithms is followed, global optimal solutions are approached through one-step iterative updating, the initial values of the algorithms are solutions meeting equality constraints, however, the solutions generated through iterative updating often cannot meet the equality constraints, a large number of invalid solutions are generated, the solving efficiency of the algorithms is seriously influenced, and how to adjust the invalid solutions into feasible solutions becomes an important means for improving the solving efficiency of the algorithms, namely, the real-time power balance constraint is the equality constraint which is difficult to be strictly met in a dynamic economic dispatching model of the wind-contained, water-contained and fire-contained power system, and is also a key factor influencing the solving efficiency and solving quality of the algorithms.
The processing mode of the constraint conditions directly influences the solving efficiency and the scheduling result of the optimization algorithm. Most optimization algorithms for power system dynamic economic dispatching are based on a penalty function method, and a constraint condition is fused into an objective function in a penalty item form, so that an original problem is converted into an unconstrained optimization problem. For candidate solutions seriously violating the equality constraint, the corresponding objective function value is large, the solution becomes an invalid solution, and the algorithm continues to search feasible candidate solutions, so that the solution efficiency of the algorithm is seriously influenced by the generation of a large number of invalid solutions, and the global optimal solution cannot be found. In order to solve the problem, in the literature (Sinha N, chakrabarti R, chattophyy pk. Evolution programming techniques for economic load dispatch [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on evolution calculation, 2003,7 (1): 83-94), when solving the economic dispatch of the power system by using a particle swarm algorithm, a strategy for processing equation constraints is provided, namely, first N-1 dimensional variables are generated by using a speed and position updating formula, and values of the remaining last 1 dimensional variables are used for balancing the insufficient amount of the equation constraints. This approach easily results in the final 1-dimensional variable going out of its feasible domain and the resulting solution is still an invalid solution. To solve this problem, the document (ParkJB, lee KS, shin JR, et al. A particulate switch optimization for electronic dispatch with a non-reactive cost functions [ J ]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2005,20 (1): 34-42) proposes to return to the adjustment of the previous value of the n-1 dimensional variable when the last 1 dimensional variable is out of its feasible range, and so on, a cycle-by-cycle process is formed. The research is only an equality constraint processing method provided for static economic dispatching of a power system comprising a thermal power generating unit, and no reasonable and effective basis is provided for adjusting the power of each unit. Therefore, for an electric power system, particularly a wind-contained hydroelectric and thermal power multi-source electric power system, a reasonable, effective and universal equality constraint processing method for dynamic economic dispatching of the electric power system is lacked to improve the solving efficiency and the solving quality of an optimization algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an equality constraint processing method for dynamic economic dispatching of a wind, water, power and power system, which solves the problem that solving efficiency and convergence are influenced because equality constraint cannot be met when an algorithm in the prior art is used for solving the dynamic economic dispatching problem of the power system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the equality constraint processing method for the dynamic economic dispatching of the wind, water, power and power system comprises the following steps:
step one, equality constraint in a wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatching model is established, candidate solutions which do not meet equality constraint and are generated in current iteration by an algorithm for solving a wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatching problem are screened out, equality constraint violating quantities of the candidate solutions are calculated, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up or down, and the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system is determined;
setting up and down regulation principles of the total power of the system, including determining the output regulation sequence of each generator set and the distribution principle of the regulation quantity of the total power of the system;
step 2.1, setting priorities for each generator set participating in scheduling in the wind, water, fire and power system;
step 2.2, determining the output adjustment sequence of each generator set according to the priority;
step 2.3, adjusting the adjustment quantity of the total power of the quota distribution system according to the power of each generator set;
and step three, distributing the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system according to the up-regulation and down-regulation principles of the total power of the system set in the step two to obtain the output value of each generator set meeting the equality constraint.
The specific process of step 2.1 is as follows: setting the priority of the hydroelectric generating set to be higher than that of the thermal generating set according to the energy conservation and environmental protection performance and the adjustment flexibility; setting priorities for each thermal power generating unit according to the sequence of economy from high to low, specifically comprising the following steps: if the system gives unit consumption of the thermal power generating unit, setting priority according to the sequence of the unit consumption from low to high; and if the system gives a coal consumption curve of the thermal power generating unit, setting the priority according to the sequence of the minimum specific consumption from small to large.
The specific process of step 2.2 is as follows: when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted downwards in a certain period, firstly, the output values of all the thermal power generating units are sequentially adjusted downwards from low to high in priority until the load requirements are met, and if the output values of all the thermal power generating units are adjusted completely and the load requirements cannot be met, the output values of all the hydroelectric generating units are adjusted downwards until the load requirements are met; when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up in a certain period, the output values of all the hydroelectric generating sets are adjusted up firstly until the load requirements are met, if the output values of all the hydroelectric generating sets are adjusted, the load requirements cannot be met, and the output values of all the thermal generating sets are adjusted up sequentially from high to low according to the priority until the load requirements are met.
The specific process of the step 2.3 is as follows: for thermal power generating units, the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system is distributed according to the power adjustment limit of each thermal power generating unit and the priority level; for the hydroelectric generating sets, adjusting the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system according to the power adjustment limit of each hydroelectric generating set in proportion; and for the wind power plant, the principle of wind power full-rated network access is followed.
The specific steps of the first step are as follows: the method comprises the following steps of establishing equality constraint in a dynamic economic dispatching model of the wind, water and fire power system, namely system real-time power balance constraint:
in the formula: n is a radical of t The total number of the thermal power generating units; n is a radical of h The total number of the hydroelectric generating sets; n is a radical of w The total number of the wind power plants; p is Git The output power of the ith thermal power generating unit in the t period; p Hjt The output power of the jth hydroelectric generating set in the t period; p is Wkt The sum of the output of all wind turbines of the kth wind power plant in the t period; p Dt A system load demand value for a period t;
screening out candidate solutions which do not meet equality constraint and are generated in current iteration by an algorithm for solving the dynamic economic dispatching problem of the wind, water, electricity and power system, and calculating equality constraint violation of the candidate solutionsQuantity, i.e. amount of system power imbalance Δ P Dt ：
If Δ P Dt >, 0, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted downwards, if delta P Dt &And lt 0, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up, and the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system during the up-adjustment and the down-adjustment are delta P Dt 。
In step 2.3, when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up, the power adjustment limit of each generator set is a power up adjustment limit, and when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted down, the power adjustment limit of each generator set is a power down adjustment limit;
the power up-regulation limit is the difference between the current generated power and the maximum output power, and the power up-regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit and the power up-regulation limit of the hydroelectric generating unit are respectively calculated as follows:
in the formula:andthe power of the ith thermal power generating unit and the power of the jth hydroelectric generating unit are adjusted up and limited in the period t; p Gmaxi Is the maximum output power of the ith thermal power generating unit; p Hmaxj Is the maximum output power of the jth hydroelectric generating set; p Gi(t-1) The output power of the ith thermal power generating unit is in a t-1 period; r is ui Is the rate limit value when the ith thermal power generating unit increases the power; Δ t is the time length of the t period; r is a radical of hydrogen ui Δ t is the hill climb limit;
the power down regulation limit is the difference between the current generated power and the minimum technical output, and the power down regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit and the power down regulation limit of the hydroelectric generating unit are respectively calculated as follows:
in the formula:P Git andP Hjt the power of the ith hydroelectric generating set and the power of the jth hydroelectric generating set are respectively adjusted in a time period t; p is Gmini And P Hminj The minimum technical output of the ith hydroelectric generating set and the jth hydroelectric generating set is respectively obtained; r is di Is a rate limit value when the ith thermal power generating unit reduces the power; r is di Δ t is the hill climb limit.
The concrete process of the third step is as follows:
when Δ P Dt &And 0, judging whether the power is only reduced by the thermal power generating unit or is reduced by the thermal power generating unit and the hydroelectric power generating unit together, if the power is only reduced by s thermal power generating units to meet the equality constraint, starting to reduce the power from the thermal power generating unit with low priority according to the power reduction limit of the thermal power generating unit, and adjusting the output value of the thermal power generating unit meeting the equality constraintComprises the following steps:
if the power down-regulation of the thermal power generating units is not enough to meet the load requirement, the hydroelectric generating units are required to simultaneously down-regulate the power, the output adjustment quantity is distributed according to the proportion of the power down-regulation limit of each hydroelectric generating unit to the power down-regulation limits of all the hydroelectric generating units, and the output adjustment quantity delta P of the jth hydroelectric generating unit Hjt Calculated as follows:
in the formula: delta P Dt The load unbalance amount is the residual load unbalance amount after the power of the thermal power generating unit is adjusted down;
after adjustment, satisfies the equationOutput value of a constrained hydroelectric generating setComprises the following steps:
when Δ P Dt &And (0) judging whether the power is only adjusted upwards by the hydroelectric generating set or the power is adjusted upwards by the thermal generating set and the hydroelectric generating set together, if the power is only adjusted upwards by the hydroelectric generating set, distributing output adjustment quantity according to the proportion of the power down-regulation limit of each hydroelectric generating set to the power down-regulation limits of all the hydroelectric generating sets, and distributing output adjustment quantity delta P of the jth hydroelectric generating set Hjt Calculated as follows:
adjusted output value of hydroelectric generating set meeting equality constraintComprises the following steps:
if the load demand cannot be met after the power of the hydroelectric generating set is adjusted, the power of the thermal power generating set is continuously adjusted, and the total power required to be adjusted by the thermal power generating set is calculated as follows:sequentially increasing power from the thermal power generating unit with the highest priority until the following conditions are met:
and is
The 1 st to s th thermal power generating units are thermal power generating units needing power up-regulation, and the output value of the thermal power generating units meeting equality constraint after regulationComprises the following steps:
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the equality constraint processing method for the dynamic economic dispatch of the wind, water, power and power system adjusts candidate solutions which do not meet equality constraints and are generated by an algorithm in the process of solving the dynamic economic dispatch of the power system, so that the candidate solutions meet the equality constraints, effectively avoids the generation of a large number of invalid solutions, promotes the solving efficiency of the algorithm, and has universal applicability to both the dynamic economic dispatch and the static economic dispatch of the power system:
(1) The adjustment process of the candidate solution which does not meet the equality constraint is completed at one time, so that the cyclic process which is repeated in the existing method is avoided, and the solving efficiency of the algorithm can be improved;
(2) The characteristics of each power energy source participating in scheduling are fully considered, the priority is set for each generator set according to the energy-saving priority sequence, a reasonable basis is provided for the distribution of the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system according to the economy and the flexibility of the generator sets, and the defect that the existing processing method is not based on and can be recycled is overcome;
(3) The sequence and the output value of the adjusted output of each generator set are determined according to the economy, so that the load of the generator sets with good economy is increased while the equality constraint is met, the coal consumption of the whole system is reduced, and the optimization target is consistent with the energy-saving optimization target of the dynamic economic dispatching of the power system, so that the adjusted candidate solution is closer to the optimal value, and the quality of the algorithm optimization result is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an equality constraint processing method for wind, hydro-thermal, power system dynamic economic dispatch;
FIG. 2 is a graph of results of a wind, hydro, thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatch rich period based on an IEEE 24 node 26 machine test system improvement.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the equality constraint processing method for the dynamic economic dispatch of the wind, water, power and power system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, equality constraint in a wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatching model is established, candidate solutions which do not meet the equality constraint and are generated in current iteration by an algorithm for solving the wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatching problem are screened out, equality constraint violation quantities of the candidate solutions are calculated, the total power of the system is judged to be required to be adjusted up or adjusted down, and the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system is determined;
setting up and down regulation principles of the total power of the system, including determining the output regulation sequence of each generator set and the distribution principle of the regulation quantity of the total power of the system;
step 2.1, setting priorities for each generator set participating in scheduling in the wind, water and power system;
step 2.2, determining the output adjustment sequence of each generator set according to the priority;
step 2.3, adjusting the adjustment quantity of the total power of the quota distribution system according to the power of each generator set;
and thirdly, distributing the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system according to the up-regulation and down-regulation principles of the total power of the system set in the second step to obtain output values of all the generator sets meeting the equation constraint.
The specific process of the step 2.1 is as follows: setting the priority of the hydroelectric generating set to be higher than that of the thermal generating set according to the energy conservation and environmental protection performance and the adjustment flexibility; setting priority for each thermal power generating unit according to the sequence of economy from high to low, and assuming wind, water and fireThe dynamic economic dispatching cycle of the power system is T, and the thermal power generating units participating in dispatching in the T time period have N t And calculating the minimum specific consumption mu of each thermal power generating unit by taking the coal consumption curve of the thermal power generating unit given by the system as an example min Minimum specific consumption mu min The calculation formula of (c) is as follows:
in the formula: mu.s mini The minimum specific consumption of the ith thermal power generating unit is/$/(MW & h); a is i 、b i 、c i Is the fuel cost coefficient of the ith thermal power generating unit; p G0i Is the active power output/MW, P corresponding to the minimum specific consumption point of the ith thermal power generating unit G0i The value is as follows:
according to μ min Setting priorities for thermal power generating units from small to big, wherein the serial numbers are 1-N t 。
The specific process of the step 2.2 is as follows: when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted downwards in a certain period, firstly, the output values of all the thermal power generating units are sequentially adjusted downwards from low to high in priority until the load requirements are met, and if the output values of all the thermal power generating units are adjusted completely and the load requirements cannot be met, the output values of all the hydroelectric generating units are adjusted downwards until the load requirements are met; when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted upwards in a certain period, the output values of all the hydroelectric generating sets are adjusted upwards at first until the load requirements are met, if the output values of all the hydroelectric generating sets are adjusted, the load requirements cannot be met, and the output values of all the thermal generating sets are adjusted upwards sequentially from high to low according to the priority until the load requirements are met.
The specific process of the step 2.3 is as follows: for thermal power generating units, the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system is distributed according to the power adjustment limit of each thermal power generating unit and the priority level; for the hydroelectric generating sets, adjusting the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system according to the power adjustment limit of each hydroelectric generating set in proportion; for a wind power plant, the principle of wind power full-rated network access is followed, the wind power plant generally does not participate in scheduling, and if the thermal power unit and the hydroelectric power unit still have output higher than the limit of load demand according to the minimum technology, a part of wind power is abandoned according to the demand.
The specific steps of the first step are as follows:
step 1.1, equality constraint in a wind, water and thermal power system dynamic economic dispatching model is established, namely system real-time power balance constraint:
in the formula: n is a radical of hydrogen t The total number of the thermal power generating units; n is a radical of h The total number of the hydroelectric generating sets; n is a radical of w The total number of the wind power plants; p Git The output power/MW of the ith thermal power generating unit in the t period; p Hjt The output power/MW of the jth hydroelectric generating set in the t period; p Wkt The sum/MW of the output of all wind turbines of the kth wind power plant in the t period; p Dt System load demand value/MW for time period t;
the invention takes a particle swarm algorithm to solve the dynamic economic dispatching problem of the wind, water and thermal power system as an example:
step 1.2, setting an initial time t =1;
step 1.3, updating the particle velocity and the particle position to calculate the candidate solution of the current iteration, wherein the particle velocity updating formula is as follows:the particle position updating formula is respectively as follows:
wherein:the particle is the velocity of i in the d-th dimension in the (k + 1) th iteration; omega is an inertial weight coefficient for balancing local search capability and global search(ii) a capability; vk id is the d-dimensional velocity of particle i in the k-th iteration; c. C 1 、c 2 Referred to as learning factors; r is 1 、r 2 Is [0,1 ]]Random numbers within the interval;is the individual extreme point of particle i in the d-th dimension in the k-th iteration; xk id is the current value of the d-dimensional position of particle i in the k-th iteration;is the global extreme point of the whole population in the d-dimension; xk +1id is the current value of the d-dimensional position of the particle i in the (k + 1) th iteration;
step 1.4, screening out candidate solutions which are generated by the particle swarm optimization algorithm in the current iteration and do not meet equality constraint, and calculating equality constraint violation quantities of the candidate solutions, namely the system power unbalance quantity delta P Dt ：
If Δ P Dt >, 0, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted downwards, if delta P Dt &And lt 0, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up, and the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system during the up-adjustment and the down-adjustment are delta P Dt 。
Step 2.3, when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up, the power adjustment limit of each generator set is a power up adjustment limit, and when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted down, the power adjustment limit of each generator set is a power down adjustment limit;
the power up-regulation limit is the difference between the current generated power and the maximum output power, the power up-regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit and the power up-regulation limit of the hydroelectric power generating unit corresponding to each dimension variable of the particles are respectively calculated, and the maximum output power of the thermal power generating unit is the maximum power which can be output by the units after the climbing limit is considered:
in the formula:andthe power of the ith thermal power generating unit and the power of the jth hydroelectric generating unit are adjusted up and limited in the period t; p is Gmaxi Is the maximum output power/MW of the ith thermal power generating unit; p Hmaxj Is the maximum output power/MW of the jth hydroelectric generating set; p is Gi(t-1) The output power/MW of the ith thermal power generating unit in the t-1 period; r is a radical of hydrogen ui Is the speed limit value/MW/min when the ith thermal power generating unit increases the power; Δ t is the time length of the t period; r is ui Δ t is the hill climbing allowance;
the power down-regulation limit is the difference between the current generated power and the minimum technical output, the power down-regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit and the power down-regulation limit of the hydroelectric power generating unit corresponding to each dimension variable of the particles are respectively calculated, and the minimum technical output of the thermal power generating unit is the minimum power which can be output by the units after the climbing limit is considered:
in the formula:P Git andP Hjt the power of the ith hydroelectric generating set and the power of the jth hydroelectric generating set are respectively adjusted in a time period t; p Gmini And P Hminj The minimum technical output/MW of the ith hydroelectric generating set and the jth hydroelectric generating set respectively; r is di Is the speed limit value/MW/min when the ith thermal power generating unit reduces the power; r is a radical of hydrogen di Δ t is the hill climbing allowance.
The concrete process of the third step is as follows:
when Δ P is Dt &And 0, when the sum of the output of the current generating set is greater than the real-time load demand, firstly, the thermal power generating set adjusts the power down, s =0 is set, the number of the thermal power generating sets for recording the power adjustment is recorded, and a variable delta P is decreased Dt ′＝ΔP Dt From the Nth of lower priority t Starting the thermal power generating unit, and decreasing the variableWhereinIs the Nth t Power down regulation limit of thermal power unit if delta P Dt ' > 0 and s<N t Then N is t ＝N t 1, s = s +1, and repeatedly calculating the power lower regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit and the power lower regulation limit of the hydroelectric generating unit corresponding to each dimension variable of the particles according to the formula (4);
if Δ P Dt ' < 0 and s < N t Explaining that the equation constraint can be met only by reducing the power of s thermal power generating units, the power is reduced from the thermal power generating unit with low priority according to the power reduction limit of the thermal power generating unit, and the rest N is t The output value of the thermal power generating unit which keeps the original output of the s thermal power generating units and the hydroelectric power generating unit and meets the equality constraint after adjustmentComprises the following steps:
the formula (5) can show that for the selected s thermal power generating units needing power reduction, the power reduction limits of the selected s-1 thermal power generating units with low priority are taken, the residual power surplus is reduced by the s thermal power generating unit, and the power reduction limit is smaller than or equal to the power reduction limit;
if Δ P Dt ' > 0 and s = N t The power surplus is still remained only depending on the power reduction of the thermal power generating units, the power reduction of the hydroelectric generating units is needed at the same time, the output adjustment quantity is distributed according to the proportion of the power reduction limit of each hydroelectric generating unit to the power reduction limit of all the hydroelectric generating units, and the output adjustment quantity delta P of the jth hydroelectric generating unit Hjt Calculated as follows:
in the formula: delta P Dt The load unbalance amount is the residual load unbalance amount after the power of the thermal power generating unit is adjusted down;
adjusted output value of hydroelectric generating set meeting equality constraintComprises the following steps:
when Δ P is Dt &When the sum of the output of the current generating set is less than the real-time load requirement, the power of the hydroelectric generating set is adjusted up, and if the sum is less than the real-time load requirement, the power of the hydroelectric generating set is adjusted upThe output adjustment quantity delta P of the jth hydroelectric generating set is distributed according to the proportion of the power up-regulation limit of each hydroelectric generating set to the power up-regulation limit of all hydroelectric generating sets Hjt Calculated as follows:
adjusted output value of hydroelectric generating set meeting equality constraintComprises the following steps:
if it isShows that the power of the hydroelectric generating set is not adjustedThe output adjustment quantity of each hydroelectric generating set is the power up-regulation limit, so that the output of the hydroelectric generating set which meets the equality constraint after regulation can meet the load requirementComprises the following steps:
calculating the total power needing to be adjusted up by the thermal power generating unit:sequentially increasing power from the thermal power generating unit with the highest priority until the following conditions are met:
and is provided with
The 1 st to s thermal power generating units are thermal power generating units needing power up-regulation, the power up-regulation power of the s-1 thermal power generating units with the front priority is the power up-regulation limit, the residual power up-regulation of the s thermal power generating unit is surplus, the power up-regulation power is less than or equal to the power up-regulation limit, and the output value of the thermal power generating unit meeting the equality constraint after regulationComprises the following steps:
and (4) making T = T +1, if T is less than or equal to T, returning to the step 1.2, otherwise, ending the adjustment and outputting the result.
TABLE 1 comparison of results obtained with a 26-machine test system without equality constraint processing
Fig. 2 and table 1 show the results of dynamically and economically scheduling the rich water period of a wind-containing thermal power system based on an IEEE 24 node 26 machine test system, where the scheduling period is 1 day for 24 hours, and table 1 shows the comparison of statistical results obtained by using and not using the equality constraint processing method of the present invention, in this example, the maximum iteration number of the particle swarm algorithm is taken as 100, the particle swarm algorithm runs 50 times independently, and the minimum coal cost of the system, the average iteration number for finding the optimal solution, and the average running time are compared, so that it can be found that by using the equality constraint processing method of the present invention, the optimal solution obtained by the algorithm can be better, and the optimal solution can be found with fewer iteration numbers and running times, thereby improving the algorithm solution efficiency and accuracy, and the method has good universality.
Through the mode, the equality constraint processing method for the dynamic economic dispatching of the wind, water and power system sorts the thermal power units and the hydroelectric power units participating in dispatching in advance according to economy and flexibility respectively, and designs a power up-regulation principle and a power down-regulation principle which give consideration to economy and rapidity; then, calculating the quantity of violating the equality constraint aiming at the candidate solution which is generated by the optimization algorithm in the current iteration and does not meet the equality constraint, and determining the power up-regulation quantity or the power down-regulation quantity; and finally, distributing the equality constraint violation quantity to the related generator sets according to the set regulation principle. In the adjustment process, the principle of energy conservation and flexibility is followed, and the adjustment process is consistent with the energy-saving optimization target, so that the adjusted candidate solutions all meet equality constraint, the solution is closer to an optimal value than the solution generated without the adjustment basis, the algorithm optimization is ensured to be smoothly carried out, and the solution precision and efficiency of the algorithm are improved.
Claims (4)
1. An equality constraint processing method for dynamic economic dispatch of a wind, water and thermal power system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, equation constraints in a wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatching model are established, candidate solutions which do not meet the equation constraints and are generated in the current iteration by an algorithm for solving the wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatching problem are screened out, equation constraint violations of the candidate solutions are calculated, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up or down, and the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system is determined, wherein the step one specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of establishing equality constraint in a dynamic economic dispatching model of the wind, water and fire power system, namely system real-time power balance constraint:
in the formula: n is a radical of t The total number of the thermal power generating units; n is a radical of h The total number of the hydroelectric generating sets; n is a radical of w The total number of the wind power plants; p Git The output power of the ith thermal power generating unit in the t period; p Hjt The output power of the jth hydroelectric generating set in the t period; p Wkt The sum of the output of all wind turbines of the kth wind power plant in the t period; p Dt A system load demand value for a time period t;
screening out candidate solutions which are not satisfied with equality constraint and generated in current iteration by an algorithm for solving the dynamic economic dispatching problem of the wind, water, electricity and power system, and calculating equality constraint violation quantities of the candidate solutions, namely the system power unbalance quantity delta P Dt ：
If Δ P Dt >, 0, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted downwards, if delta P Dt &And lt, 0, the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up, and the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system is delta P when the system is adjusted up and down Dt ；
Setting up and down regulation principles of the total power of the system, including determining the output regulation sequence of each generator set and the distribution principle of the regulation quantity of the total power of the system;
step 2.1, setting priorities for each generator set participating in scheduling in the wind, water and power system;
step 2.2, determining the output adjustment sequence of each generator set according to the priority;
step 2.3, adjusting the adjustment quantity of the total power of the quota distribution system according to the power of each generator set; in the step 2.3, when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted up, the power adjustment limit of each generator set is a power up adjustment limit, and when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted down, the power adjustment limit of each generator set is a power down adjustment limit;
the power up-regulation limit is the difference between the current generated power and the maximum output power, and the power up-regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit and the power up-regulation limit of the hydroelectric power generating unit are respectively calculated as follows:
in the formula:andrespectively carrying out power up-regulation quota on the ith thermal power generating unit and the jth hydroelectric generating unit in the t period; p Gmaxi Is the maximum output power of the ith thermal power generating unit; p Hmaxj Is the maximum output power of the jth hydroelectric generating set; p is Gi(t-1) The output power of the ith thermal power generating unit is in a t-1 time period; r is a radical of hydrogen ui Is the rate limit value when the ith thermal power generating unit increases the power; Δ t is the time length of the t period; r is ui Δ t is the hill climbing allowance;
the power down regulation limit is the difference between the current generated power and the minimum technical output, and the power down regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit and the power down regulation limit of the hydroelectric generating unit are respectively calculated as follows:
in the formula:P Git andP Hjt the power of the ith hydroelectric generating set and the power of the jth hydroelectric generating set are respectively adjusted in a time period t; p Gmini And P Hminj The minimum technical output of the ith hydroelectric generating set and the jth hydroelectric generating set is respectively obtained; r is di Is a rate limit value when the ith thermal power generating unit reduces the power; r is di Δ t is the hill climb limit;
distributing the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system according to the up-regulation and down-regulation principles of the total power of the system set in the second step to obtain output values of all the generator sets meeting equality constraints; the specific process of the third step is as follows:
when Δ P is Dt &And 0, judging whether only the thermal power generating unit down-regulates the power or the power jointly down-regulated by the thermal power generating unit and the hydroelectric generating unit, if the power down-regulation of only s thermal power generating units can meet the equality constraint, starting to down-regulate the power from the thermal power generating unit with low priority according to the power down-regulation limit of the thermal power generating unit, and regulating the output value of the thermal power generating unit meeting the equality constraintComprises the following steps:
if the power down-regulation of the thermal power generating units is not enough to meet the load requirement, the hydroelectric generating units are required to simultaneously down-regulate the power, the output adjustment quantity is distributed according to the proportion of the power down-regulation limit of each hydroelectric generating unit to the power down-regulation limits of all the hydroelectric generating units, and the output adjustment quantity delta P of the jth hydroelectric generating unit Hjt Calculated as follows:
in the formula: delta P Dt The residual load unbalance amount after the power of the thermal power generating unit is adjusted downwards;
adjusted output value of hydroelectric generating set meeting equality constraintComprises the following steps:
when Δ P is Dt &And (0) judging whether the power is only adjusted upwards by the hydroelectric generating set or the power is adjusted upwards by both the thermal generating set and the hydroelectric generating set, if the power is only adjusted upwards by the hydroelectric generating set, distributing output adjustment quantity according to the proportion of the power down-regulation limit of each hydroelectric generating set to the power down-regulation limit of all the hydroelectric generating sets, and distributing output adjustment quantity delta P of the jth hydroelectric generating set Hjt Calculated as follows:
adjusted output value of hydroelectric generating set meeting equality constraintComprises the following steps:
if the load demand cannot be met after the power of the hydroelectric generating set is adjusted, the thermal power generating set continues to adjust the power, and the total power required to be adjusted by the thermal power generating set is calculated as follows:sequentially increasing power from the thermal power generating unit with the highest priority until the following conditions are met:
the 1 st to s th thermal power generating units are thermal power generating units needing power up-regulation and are full after regulationOutput value of thermal power generating unit with equation constraintComprises the following steps:
2. the method for processing the equality constraint of the wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatch according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 2.1 is as follows:
setting the priority of the hydroelectric generating set to be higher than that of the thermal generating set according to the energy conservation and environmental protection performance and the adjustment flexibility; setting priorities for each thermal power generating unit according to the sequence of economy from high to low, specifically comprising the following steps: if the system gives the unit consumption of the thermal power generating unit, setting the priority according to the sequence of the unit consumption from low to high; and if the system gives a coal consumption curve of the thermal power generating unit, setting the priority according to the sequence of the minimum specific consumption from small to large.
3. The method for processing the equality constraint of the wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatch according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 2.2 is as follows:
when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted downwards in a certain period, firstly, the output values of all the thermal power generating units are sequentially adjusted downwards from low to high in priority until the load requirements are met, and if the output values of all the thermal power generating units are adjusted completely and the load requirements cannot be met, the output values of all the hydroelectric generating units are adjusted downwards until the load requirements are met; when the total power of the system needs to be adjusted upwards in a certain period, the output values of all the hydroelectric generating sets are adjusted upwards at first until the load requirements are met, if the output values of all the hydroelectric generating sets are adjusted, the load requirements cannot be met, and the output values of all the thermal generating sets are adjusted upwards sequentially from high to low according to the priority until the load requirements are met.
4. The method for processing the equality constraint of the wind, hydro-thermal and electric power system dynamic economic dispatch according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the step 2.3 is as follows:
for thermal power generating units, the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system is distributed according to the power adjustment quota of each thermal power generating unit and the priority level; for the hydroelectric generating sets, adjusting the adjustment quantity of the total power of the system according to the power adjustment limit of each hydroelectric generating set in proportion; and for the wind power field, the principle of wind power full-rated network access is followed.
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