CN106959161A - The method for eliminating atmospheric turbulance is realized using the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter - Google Patents
The method for eliminating atmospheric turbulance is realized using the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is a kind of that the method for eliminating atmospheric turbulance is realized using the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter, comprise the following steps：Obtain the calculation matrix and sampled data of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter；Generate atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix；Generate overall measurement matrix；Reconstruct multispectral image；Judge whether reconstruct multispectral image meets multispectral image characteristic；Correct atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix；Generate overall measurement matrix；Reconstruct multispectral image；Judge whether reconstruct multispectral image meets multispectral image characteristic；Obtain the image for eliminating atmospheric turbulance influence.The present invention is using the characteristics of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager information acquisition efficiency based on directional scatter is higher, single exposure obtains the spectral image information in broadband, simultaneously using atmospheric turbulance the characteristics of the response of different spectrum is different, the influence for eliminating atmospheric turbulance is realized.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of to utilize the wide ripple of compressed sensing based on directional scatter the present invention relates to the method for eliminating atmospheric turbulance
Section Hyperspectral imager realizes the method for eliminating atmospheric turbulance.
Background technology
Atmospheric turbulance is a kind of random eddying motion phenomenon, and its each component is shown at random over time and space
Property.Wherein, amplitude fluctuation caused by atmospheric turbulance causes the noise in light intensity scintillation, increase signal, reduces signal to noise ratio；Greatly
The Space Time coherence of phase fluctuation meeting heavy damage light wave, causes the disperse and shake of picture point caused by gas turbulent flow.Therefore, such as
The problem of influence for what is the need removing atmospheric turbulance is air technical field of imaging urgent need to resolve.
Therefore, from the sixties in last century five, a series of imaging techniques propose and be successfully applied in space exploration with
Eliminate the influence of atmospheric turbulance.Most commonly seen two methods are speckle imaging and adaptive optical technique.Speckle imaging is a kind of
By carrying out ensemble average to a large amount of short exposure image datas, and rebuild the post processing of image method of target information.It is substantially former
Manage and be：Within the object of short duration time for exposure, the light intensity in image planes not yet carries out average accumulated, wherein comprising many resolution ratio by
The details of limit, is gathered by multiexposure, multiple exposure, and great amount of images data are carried out with Fourier conversion, statistical average and anti-by computer
The processing, reconstructed object detailed information such as Fourier conversion.Calculating processing includes inverting and position phase that image Fourier becomes mold changing
Recovery, with position mutually carry out Fourier inverse transformations with reference to mould is obtained, finally rebuild subject image.Due to needing to carry out mould and position
The processing of the step data of phase two, therefore required computationally intensive, time-consuming, image it is ageing not high.
Adaptive optics is a kind of technology that atmospheric turbulence effect is eliminated by hardware.It is main by wave front detector, ripple
Preceding adjuster and the part of wavefront controller three composition.ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS is operationally, it is necessary to which known object of reference (is usually
Brighter fixed star).By to the detection with reference to star, calculating influence of the atmospheric turbulance to wavefront by wave front detector, often
There are spatial light modulator, deformation reflection mirror, film reflecting mirror etc..By wavefront controller analysis is carried out to detecting signal
Reason, and control wave-front corrector to be modified wavefront.When to target acquisition, caused by can effectively eliminating atmospheric turbulance
Wavefront Perturbation, obtains high-quality image.But ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS manufacture is difficult, involves great expense, function is complicated.
Chinese Academy of Sciences's Shanghai ray machine Han Sheng Shens seminar propose the compressed sensing broadband bloom based on directional scatter
Spectrum imaging system (the patent No.：ZL201410348475.X) being capable of single exposure acquisition high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution
The wide-band spectrum image information from ultraviolet light to mid-infrared and far-infrared light, for realize eliminate atmospheric turbulance influence provide newly
Hardware platform.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of compressed sensing broadband high light spectrum image-forming of the utilization based on directional scatter
System realizes the method for eliminating atmospheric turbulance, and difference and the phase of multispectral image are responded in different spectrum using atmospheric turbulance
It is low, low cost there is provided a kind of system complexity with reference to hardware imaging system and software reconfiguration algorithm like property, low kurtosis characteristic
Realize the method for eliminating atmospheric turbulance.
The present invention basic thought be：The compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter is demarcated in advance
Calculation matrix, obtained by compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter is influenceed by atmospheric turbulance
Sampled data.The Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant different by choosing, generates different atmospheric turbulance transmission matrixs, and with it is prefabricated
The compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter calculation matrix be multiplied, generate overall measurement matrix.
Using compressed sensing algorithm and the overall measurement matrix of generation, by the compressed sensing broadband high light spectrum image-forming based on directional scatter
The sampled data that system is obtained is reconstructed into multispectral image, and regard the similitude of multispectral image, low kurtosis characteristic as judgement
Condition, selects the multispectral image for eliminating atmospheric turbulance influence, synthesizes full-colour image, obtains and eliminates atmospheric turbulance influence
Image.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows：
Step 1, the calculation matrix for obtaining the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter and sampling
Data, be specifically：
S1.1. the calculation matrix of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter is demarcated in advance；
S1.2. the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter is utilized to receive by atmospheric turbulance shadow
Loud sampled data；
Step 2, generation atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix, be specifically：
S2.1. set up and include Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant, imaging system equivalent lens focal length, wavelength and propagation distance parameter
Atmospheric turbulance optical transfer function；
S2.2. the initial value of Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant is chosen, and obtains the compressed sensing broadband based on directional scatter
The occurrence of the equivalent lens focal length of Hyperspectral imager, imaging band and propagation distance；
S2.3. Fourier conversion is carried out respectively to the optical transfer function under each imaging band, according to matrix diagonals side
Atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix is generated to arrangement；
Step 3, generation overall measurement matrix, be specifically：
By the calculation matrix of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter obtained in step 1 with
The atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix that step 2 is generated is multiplied, and generates the overall measurement matrix influenceed by atmospheric turbulance；
Step 4, reconstruct multispectral image, be specifically：
The overall measurement matrix generated using compressed sensing algorithm and step 3, by the pressure based on directional scatter in step 1
The sampled data that contracting perceives broadband Hyperspectral imager and influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is reconstructed into multispectral image；
Step 5, judge reconstruct multispectral image whether meet multispectral image characteristic, be specifically：
Judge whether the reconstruct multispectral image of step 4 meets the similitude and low kurtosis characteristic of multispectral image, if
Meet and then enter step 10, otherwise into step 6；
Step 6, amendment atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix, be specifically：
The Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant of the optical transfer function of atmospheric turbulance is corrected, then respectively to the optics under each wave band
Transmission function carries out Fourier conversion, and the atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix for generating amendment is arranged according to matrix diagonals direction；
Step 7, generation overall measurement matrix, be specifically：
By the calculation matrix of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter obtained in step 1 with
The atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix that step 6 is corrected is multiplied, and generates the overall measurement matrix influenceed by atmospheric turbulance；
Step 8, reconstruct multispectral image, be specifically：
The overall measurement matrix generated using compressed sensing algorithm and step 7, by the pressure based on directional scatter in step 1
The sampled data that contracting perceives broadband Hyperspectral imager and influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is reconstructed into multispectral image；
Step 9, judge reconstruct multispectral image whether meet multispectral image characteristic, be specifically：
Judge whether the multispectral image of reconstruction step 8 meets the similitude and low kurtosis characteristic of multispectral image, if
Meet and then enter step 10, otherwise into step 6；
Step 10, the image for obtaining elimination atmospheric turbulance influence, be specifically：
The multispectral image result of reconstruct is synthesized into full-colour image, the image for eliminating atmospheric turbulance influence is obtained.
Described step 1 obtain the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter calculation matrix and
Sampled data, be specifically：Utilize patent " acquisition methods of compressed spectrum imaging system the calculation matrix " (patent No.：
ZL201410161282.3 the measurement square of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter) is demarcated in advance
Battle array；The hits influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is received using the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter
According to；
Described step 2 generation atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix, be specifically：The rapids developed according to Kolmogrov and Obukhov
Stream statistics are theoretical, set up comprising Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant, imaging system equivalent lens focal length, wavelength and propagation distance parameter
The optical transfer function of atmospheric turbulance；It is initial using the representative value of Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant as its according to real atmosphere situation
Value, and the equivalent lens focal length and propagation distance of imaging system are brought into the optical transfer function of atmospheric turbulance, obtain different
The optical transfer function of atmospheric turbulance under imaging band；Optical transfer function under each imaging band is carried out respectively
Fourier is converted, and is as a result arranged according to matrix diagonals direction, is atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix；
Described step 3 generation overall measurement matrix, be specifically：By the compression based on directional scatter obtained in step 1
Perceive broadband Hyperspectral imager calculation matrix be multiplied with the atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix that step 2 is generated, result be by
The overall measurement matrix of atmospheric turbulance influence；
Described step 4 reconstruct multispectral image, be specifically：Utilize compressed sensing algorithm linearly or nonlinearly and step
The overall measurement matrix of 3 generations, the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter in step 1 is received
The sampled data influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is reconstructed into multispectral image result；
Described step 5 judges whether reconstruct multispectral image meets multispectral image characteristic, is specifically：It is not rapid by air
The multispectral image of stream influence meets similitude and low kurtosis characteristic, judges whether step 4 reconstructed image meets multispectral image
Similitude and low kurtosis characteristic, if meet if enter step 10 obtain eliminate atmospheric turbulance influence image, otherwise enter
Step 6 corrects atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix；
Described step 6 amendment atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix, be specifically：The Characteristics of Turbulence Structure for correcting atmospheric turbulance is normal
Number, and bring into the optical transfer function of atmospheric turbulance, then the optical transfer function under each imaging wavelength is carried out respectively
Fourier is converted, and is as a result arranged according to matrix diagonals direction, new atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix is obtained, so as to realize to air
The amendment of turbulence transfer matrix；
Described step 7 generation overall measurement matrix, be specifically：By the compression based on directional scatter obtained in step 1
Perceive broadband Hyperspectral imager calculation matrix be multiplied with the atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix that step 6 is corrected, result be by
The overall measurement matrix of atmospheric turbulance influence；
Described step 8 reconstruct multispectral image, be specifically：Utilize compressed sensing algorithm linearly or nonlinearly and step
The overall measurement matrix of 7 generations, the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter in step 1 is received
The sampled data influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is reconstructed into multispectral image result；
Described step 9 judges whether reconstruct multispectral image meets multispectral image characteristic, is specifically：It is not rapid by air
The multispectral image of stream influence meets similitude and low kurtosis characteristic, judges whether step 8 reconstructed image meets multispectral image
Similitude and low kurtosis characteristic, if meet if enter step 10 obtain eliminate atmospheric turbulance influence image, otherwise enter
Step 6 corrects atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix；
Described step 10 obtains the image for eliminating atmospheric turbulance influence, is specifically：Using multi-wavelength image composing technique,
The multispectral image result of reconstruct is synthesized into full-colour image, the image for eliminating atmospheric turbulance influence is obtained.
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the invention：
1) the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager single exposure based on directional scatter obtains high spatial resolution
With the wide-band spectrum image information from ultraviolet light to mid-infrared and far-infrared light of high spectral resolution, do not shared the same light using atmospheric turbulance
The response difference and the similitude and low kurtosis characteristic of multispectral image of spectrum, realize the influence for eliminating atmospheric turbulance.
2) hardware imaging system and software reconfiguration algorithm are combined, it is rapid that system complexity is low, low cost realization eliminates air
Flow the method for influence.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter.
Marked in figure as follows：
The preposition imaging system 2- dichroics filter plate 3- emergent pupils converting system 4- directional scatters 5- photodetectors of 1-
6- computer 7- emergent pupil converting system 8- directional scatter 9- photodetectors 10- amplifications imaging system 11- is zoomed into as system
System
1.-object plane 2.-preposition imaging system emergent pupil 3. the-the first imaging surface 4.-original test surface 5. the-the first imaging surface
6.-original test surface
Fig. 2 is for the present invention using the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter in the long time for exposure
It is lower to realize the embodiment of the method flow chart for eliminating atmospheric turbulance.
Embodiment
Illustrate how the present invention utilizes the compressed sensing broadband high light spectrum image-forming based on directional scatter with reference to Fig. 2
System, which is realized, eliminates atmospheric turbulance.
As shown in Fig. 2 first with patent " acquisition methods of compressed spectrum imaging system the calculation matrix " (patent No.：
ZL201410161282.3 the calculation matrix of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter) is demarcated in advance
AGISC；The sampling influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is received using the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter
Data Y.
The statistical theory of turbulence developed according to Kolmogrov and Obukhov, the atmospheric turbulance set up under the long time for exposure
Optical transfer function is
Wherein f is the focal length of lens, and λ is wavelength,It is Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant, z is propagation distance.Known air is rapid
The representative value of flow structure constant is from 1e-12(strong turbulence) arrives 1e-18(weak turbulent flow), according to real atmosphere situation during imaging, chooses
A certain representative value is used as Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constantInitial value, and by the compressed sensing broadband bloom based on directional scatter
The equivalent lens focal length and propagation distance of spectrum imaging system are brought into formula (1), obtain the atmospheric turbulance under different imaging bands
Optical transfer function H (u；λi)；Fourier changes are carried out respectively to the Formula of The Optical Transfer Function (1) under each imaging band
Change, as a result arranged according to matrix diagonals direction, be the atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix under the long time for exposure
Wherein l is the spectral coverage number of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter.By prefabricated base
In the calculation matrix A of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager of directional scatterGISCSquare is transmitted with the atmospheric turbulance of generation
Battle arrayIt is multiplied, obtains overall measurement matrix
Using compressed sensing algorithm linearly or nonlinearly, solve as follows
Problem, receives rapid by air by the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter of acquisition
The sampled data Y of stream influence is reconstructed into multispectral image result
The known multispectral image not influenceed by atmospheric turbulance meets similitude and low kurtosis characteristic, judges reconstructed image knot
ReallyWhether the similitude and low kurtosis characteristic of multispectral image is met, if it is satisfied, then being synthesized using multi-wavelength image
Technology, full-colour image is synthesized by the multispectral image result of reconstruct, is realized and is eliminated atmospheric turbulance influence；Otherwise amendment air is rapid
The Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant of stream, is brought into the optical transfer function of atmospheric turbulance, then optical transfer function after amendment is carried out
Fourier is converted, and arranges the atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix for generating amendment shown in such as formula (2) according to matrix diagonals directionAccording to formula (3), the measurement square of the prefabricated compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter
Battle array AGISCWith the atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix of this amendmentIt is multiplied, obtains new overall measurement matrix, then solution formula
(4), judge to reconstruct similitude and low kurtosis characteristic that whether multispectral image meets multispectral image.Said process is repeated, directly
To the similitude and low kurtosis characteristic for reconstructing multispectral result and meeting multispectral image, multi-wavelength image composing technique is recycled,
The multispectral image result of reconstruct is synthesized into full-colour image, the image for eliminating atmospheric turbulance influence is obtained, so as to realize elimination
Atmospheric turbulance influences.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of realize the side for eliminating atmospheric turbulance using the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter
Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, the calculation matrix and sampled data for obtaining the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter,
Specifically：
S1.1. the calculation matrix of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter is demarcated in advance；
S1.2. the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter is utilized to receive what is influenceed by atmospheric turbulance
Sampled data；
Step 2, generation atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix, be specifically：
S2.1. set up comprising the big of Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant, imaging system equivalent lens focal length, wavelength and propagation distance parameter
The optical transfer function of gas turbulent flow；
S2.2. the initial value of Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant is chosen, and obtains the compressed sensing broadband bloom based on directional scatter
The occurrence of the equivalent lens focal length of spectrum imaging system, imaging band and propagation distance；
S2.3. Fourier conversion is carried out respectively to the optical transfer function under each imaging band, arranged according to matrix diagonals direction
Column-generation atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix；
Step 3, generation overall measurement matrix, be specifically：
By the calculation matrix and step of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter obtained in step 1
The atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix of 2 generations is multiplied, and generates the overall measurement matrix influenceed by atmospheric turbulance；
Step 4, reconstruct multispectral image, be specifically：
The overall measurement matrix generated using compressed sensing algorithm and step 3, by the compression sense based on directional scatter in step 1
The sampled data that know broadband Hyperspectral imager is influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is reconstructed into multispectral image；
Step 5, judge reconstruct multispectral image whether meet multispectral image characteristic, be specifically：
Judge whether the reconstruct multispectral image of step 4 meets the similitude and low kurtosis characteristic of multispectral image, if met
Then enter step 10, otherwise into step 6；
Step 6, amendment atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix, be specifically：
The Characteristics of Turbulence Structure constant of the optical transfer function of atmospheric turbulance is corrected, then respectively to the optical delivery under each wave band
Function carries out Fourier conversion, and the atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix for generating amendment is arranged according to matrix diagonals direction；
Step 7, generation overall measurement matrix, be specifically：
By the calculation matrix and step of the compressed sensing broadband Hyperspectral imager based on directional scatter obtained in step 1
The atmospheric turbulance transmission matrix of 6 amendments is multiplied, and generates the overall measurement matrix influenceed by atmospheric turbulance；
Step 8, reconstruct multispectral image, be specifically：
The overall measurement matrix generated using compressed sensing algorithm and step 7, by the compression sense based on directional scatter in step 1
The sampled data that know broadband Hyperspectral imager is influenceed by atmospheric turbulance is reconstructed into multispectral image；
Step 9, judge reconstruct multispectral image whether meet multispectral image characteristic, be specifically：
Judge whether the multispectral image of reconstruction step 8 meets the similitude and low kurtosis characteristic of multispectral image, if met
Then enter step 10, otherwise into step 6；
Step 10, the image for obtaining elimination atmospheric turbulance influence, be specifically：
The multispectral image result of reconstruct is synthesized into full-colour image, the image for eliminating atmospheric turbulance influence is obtained.
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| CN109448064A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-03-08 | 西安航空学院 | High spectrum image reconstructing method based on Hadamard |
| CN113702357A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device based on random grating compressed sensing and measurement method |
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| CN113702357A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2021-11-26 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device based on random grating compressed sensing and measurement method |
| CN113702357B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2024-04-12 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy device based on random grating compressed sensing and measurement method |
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