CN106953040A - Enclosure system, battery module, method for regulating temperature and the battery pack of battery module - Google Patents

Enclosure system, battery module, method for regulating temperature and the battery pack of battery module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106953040A
CN106953040A CN201610908696.7A CN201610908696A CN106953040A CN 106953040 A CN106953040 A CN 106953040A CN 201610908696 A CN201610908696 A CN 201610908696A CN 106953040 A CN106953040 A CN 106953040A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
intermediate gaps
enclosure system
gas
battery module
shell wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610908696.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
A.莱奇
I.克卡曼
J.蒂伦
M.滕策
V.德格
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of CN106953040A publication Critical patent/CN106953040A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H01M10/6564—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers using compressed gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H01M10/6565—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers with recirculation or U-turn in the flow path, i.e. back and forth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/227—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/231—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/253—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders adapted for specific cells, e.g. electrochemical cells operating at high temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
    • H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the enclosure system of battery module, battery module, method for regulating temperature and battery pack.The present invention relates to a kind of enclosure system of battery module, the especially enclosure system of mean temperature battery pack, the enclosure system has shell, the shell has the double-walled by outside shell wall and internal shell wall construction, the double-walled structure is arranged for accommodating the inner space of at least one battery cell, wherein described double-walled additionally has intermediate gaps, the intermediate gaps are connected with the inner space with heat conduction by the shell wall of the inside and the surrounding environment by the shell wall of the outside with heat conduction with the shell is connected, and the intermediate gaps are additionally arranged for accommodating gas, wherein described enclosure system in order to control Heat transmission by intermediate gaps and with the compressing member for the pressure for being arranged for improving and/or reducing the gas in the intermediate gaps of the double-walled.

Description

Enclosure system, battery module, method for regulating temperature and the battery pack of battery module
Technical field
The present invention is using a kind of enclosure system of the battery module as described in the preamble according to independent claims to go out Hair point.Subject of the present invention is also a kind of method for the battery module temperature adjustment with this enclosure system.In addition, this Invention further relates to a kind of battery module and a kind of battery pack.
Background technology
From known in the art：Battery pack, such as especially Li-ion batteries piles, at least including a battery module or Advantageously also include multiple battery modules.In addition, battery module preferably has multiple single battery cells, it is described Single battery cell is wired as battery module each other, wherein the single battery cell can be one another in series or It is in parallel.
In order to which the specific energy density of each battery cell is preferably increased to exceed into 300Wh/kg, especially need Lithium ion battery Battery pack or is used, pure lithium is preferably used as anode material in the lithium ion battery Battery pack, such as Lithium-sulfur cell Battery pack or lithium-metal-polymer battery cell, but also have sodium-nickel chloride battery cell, Often solid electrolyte.However, especially in the case of solid electrolyte, the ion for transporting electric charge usually shows at room temperature The electric conductivity being lowered is shown, and this battery cell with solid electrolyte is thus preferably in temperature being enhanced etc. Level is lower to be run, so as to enough conductions of the especially solid electrolyte of conducting lithium ions that is realizing all battery components Property.
On the one hand, battery cell during running because it is heated by the electric internal resistance in the case of electric current, So that cooling theory is necessary, so that temperature is no more than the peak allowed of each battery cell.On the other hand, Battery cell is cooled down in the dormant stage or only in restricted operation so that insulation theory can be used for reducing heat waste Consumption, so to reduce for the energy needed for the reheating of battery cell.Especially with a temperature of being enhanced In the case of the battery cell of the solid electrolyte run, cooling theory and insulation theory should be by the temperature of battery cell Degree is maintained within the temperature range of determination, to ensure the enough electric conductivity of battery component, and no more than the highest temperature allowed Degree.
According to prior art, such as from the temperature adjustment known in the A1 of DE 10 2,009 047 695 to battery module, the tune Temperature utilizes liquid by the battery cell circulation of battery module to radiate（umstroemen）, and pass through the liquid Temperature and flow control heat dissipation（Waermeabtransport）.In addition, herein can also be by arranging vacuum come structure Fabricate-heat insulating barrier.
The content of the invention
The enclosure system of the battery module of feature with independent claims and for this enclosure system The method of battery cell temperature adjustment have the following advantages that：The battery cell being accommodated in at least one in enclosure system Improved temperature control is possible.Thus, especially can be by reducing the temperature peak occurred in short time value or Person even completely avoids the temperature peak to reduce the speed of battery cell aging due to too high temperature.In addition, also It can reduce for reheating the heating power needed for battery cell after the dormant stage.
According to the present invention there is provided a kind of enclosure system of battery module, the enclosure system has a kind of with double-walled （Doppelwand）Shell, the double-walled structure is arranged for accommodating the inner space of at least one battery cell. Here, the double-walled is constructed by outside shell wall and internal shell wall.In addition, the double-walled also has intermediate gaps, it is described Intermediate gaps are connected with inner space with heat conduction by internal shell wall, and by the shell wall of outside with heat conduction with shell Surrounding environment be connected.In addition, the intermediate gaps are also arranged for accommodating gas.Here, described be used to pass through intermediate gaps To control the enclosure system of Heat transmission with the centre that the double-walled is arranged on to improve and/or reduce the pressure of gas Compressing member in space（Verdichterelement）.
By measure mentioned in the dependent claims, illustrated equipment or only in the independent claim The favourable expansion scheme and improvement project of illustrated method are possible in vertical claim.
The pressure of gas within the intermediate gaps of double-walled determines the thermal conductivity of the double-walled so that with the double-walled Between the connected compressing member in space can also change thermal conductivity by changing the pressure simultaneously.Here, the thermal conductivity with Pressure rise and be enhanced, and the thermal conductivity is reduced as pressure is reduced.
Advantageously, the compressing member herein can be continuously（stufenlos）Or at least with small stride （Schrittweite）To adjust pressure so that the desired thermal conductivity of the double-walled is adjustable.Thus, improved tune Section and control loop can also be applied, because with liquid to be used for the enclosure system phase of temperature adjustment from known in the art Than it is possible more accurately to adjust thermal conductivity.
Using according to the present invention battery module enclosure system, on the one hand in order to improve radiating can be by raising at The pressure of gas in intermediate gaps improves the thermal conductivity of the intermediate gaps, is especially formed during running to discharge Heat so that the temperature of at least one battery cell is no more than the maximum temperature allowed.On the other hand, using according to this The enclosure system of the battery module of invention, can also be by reducing the gas being in intermediate gaps in order to improve insulation characterisitic Pressure reduce the thermal conductivity of the intermediate gaps, to be for example heated in battery cell by additional heating element heater Do not run during the time of running temperature or in battery cell or simply restrictively operation but still should be by Keep reducing the thermal losses by the double-walled during the time at operating temperatures.Especially in the dormant stage, in the middle of this Space can also be evacuated so that have vacuum in the intermediate gaps, therefore the insulation characterisitic is further enhanced. Thus, it is possible to reduce for the energy needed for battery cell is heated, especially reheated after the dormant stage.
On the whole, using the enclosure system according to the present invention likely：By it is improved control it is determined that temperature Thermal conductivity within interval is transported to make battery module, especially mean temperature battery module or high-temperature battery group module OK, because thermal conductivity may be changed by the pressure for adjusting the gas being in intermediate gaps.Because at least one described electricity Heat transfer between the surrounding environment of pond Battery pack and the shell can be controlled by the pressure of gas, thus with from existing skill Art is known, compared using the thermoregulating system of liquid, and it is possible to adjust quickly and more accurately temperature.Here, because Other insulating materials can be saved, so the cost being especially the reduction of in structure and cost.
Especially, the enclosure system is the enclosure system of mean temperature battery pack.Here, mean temperature battery pack is understood For the battery pack run within the temperature range of from 60 DEG C to 120 DEG C.Herein, it is preferable that mean temperature battery pack is that for example have There are the Li-ion batteries piles either lithium-metal battery group, such as lithium-sulfur cell group, lithium-air battery of solid electrolyte Group or lithium-metal-polymer battery pack.The battery pack of solid electrolyte with also referred to as solid state ionic conductor can be with Using sulphur is as cathode material or can also use oxide-based materials NCA（Nickel cobalt aluminium（Nickel Cobald Aluminium））、NCM（Nickel cobalt manganese（Nickel Cobald Mangan））Or LFP（LiFePO4（Lithium Eisen Phosphat））It is used as cathode material.
In addition, mean temperature battery pack can also be run in the range of from 270 DEG C to 350 DEG C high-temperature battery group, Such as sodium-nickel chloride battery pack.
Especially, ideal of the pressure of the gas in intermediate gaps in the case of the minimum pressure in 0bar of vacuum State and the change between the ambient conditions in the case of for the pressure for 1.01325bar of enclosure system maximum.When So, maximum pressure can also exceed ambient pressure, be that this should be able to sufficiently stable construct the wall of shell so that thermal conductivity Can further it be enhanced.
If outside shell wall has at least one joint（Anschluss）, the joint is arranged to lead gas Enter into intermediate gaps and/or export gas from intermediate gaps, then be favourable.Here, use is set in compressing member In to introducing gas into control in intermediate gaps and/or for gas to be exported from intermediate gaps.It therefore, it can pass through The gas that is directed in the intermediate gaps or amount of derived gas determines the air pressure of the intermediate gaps from intermediate gaps And the thermal conductivity of the intermediate gaps is also determined whereby.Thus, regulation and control loop can advantageously manipulate the compression Element.
If in addition, the joint be arranged to liquid vapour importeding into intermediate gaps and/or by liquid vapour therefrom Between export in space, then be favourable.Especially, the liquid vapour can be water vapour.This has the following advantages that：Pass through profit The gas preferably existed under possible maximum pressure concentrated with liquid vapour in intermediate gaps can be additionally Thermal conductivity is improved, to improve the radiating of at least one battery cell being in enclosure system.Alternatively, also may be used So that refrigerant is especially imported into intermediate gaps in vapour form, application of the refrigerant for example from refrigerator is public Know.
If outside shell wall, which has, is arranged for the ring around the intermediate gaps and the shell of the double-walled Pressure between border valve in a balanced way, then be suitable.Therefore, it is balanced with the quick pressure of surrounding environment with simple side Formula is possible.Especially, the valve is used to quickly carry when transforming to the cooling operation being for example enhanced from insulation operation High pressure.Especially, the pressure can be raised to ambient pressure herein.
In addition, may further specify that according to another aspect of the present invention：Outside shell wall and/or internal shell wall all have Just like following table finishing coat, the face coat has the radiation coefficient being reduced of heat radiation.Especially, the intermediate gaps Shell wall can on one or more inner sides mirror image（verspiegeln）.Therefore, it can be reduced and be heated by heat radiation The shell wall of inside and the shell wall of outside with lower temperature by comparison between Heat transmission.Thus, it is described double Wall can also for example be wished in the case of the intermediate gaps being evacuated by the way that thermal conductivity is reduced into bottom line to cause The insulation of prestige, and the temperature of battery cell is because heat radiation is lost and reduces.
Advantageously, supporting structure is disposed in the intermediate gaps of the double-walled.Here, the supporting structure especially can be The plastics of perforate, cellular metallic grid or plastic grill, can also be the cellular metal that offsets one from another of multilayer ground Grid or plastic grill can be ceramic grids.The supporting structure is used to remain described in the case of the pressure of conversion The construction of double-walled, especially described outside shell wall.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of battery module having according to enclosure system of the invention.Here, internally At least one battery cell being connected with heat conduction with internal shell wall is accommodated in space.Here, it is described at least one Heat transmission between battery cell and surrounding environment is adjustable by the pressure of the gas in intermediate gaps, wherein pressing Contracting element controls the pressure.This battery module has the following advantages that：To it is described at least one be accommodated in enclosure system In the improved temperature adjustment of battery cell be possible.
Here, certainly may be used according to the enclosure system of the battery module of the present invention by expansion scheme mentioned above Improve, and thus also have the advantages that to mention on the enclosure system.Same situation is also applied for being retouched below The method stated.
Moreover, it relates to which a kind of be used for the battery with the enclosure system described above according to the present invention The method of group module temperature adjustment.Here, at least one battery cell is accommodated in the inner space of shell.Here, it is described extremely A few battery cell is connected with intermediate gaps with heat conduction by internal shell wall.Here, compressing member improves gas Pressure reduces the thermal conductivity of gas to improve the thermal conductivity of the gas in intermediate gaps, or the pressure of reduction gas.Cause This, using according to the method for the present invention, to it is described at least one be accommodated in the improved of battery cell in enclosure system Temperature adjustment be possible.
If here, at least the one of the shell wall for passing through the outside to further improve the thermal conductivity of intermediate gaps Liquid vapour is imported into intermediate gaps individual joint and/or the shell additionally has blower element, then is favourable 's.Here, gas or water vapour that the blower element is arranged to make to be comprised in intermediate gaps are in flowing.By This, it is possible to：Transmitted heat is improved especially at least one battery cell for cooling down the battery module Amount.In this case, the gas and may the water vapour pure conduction process can additionally with due to flowing Caused by convection current Heat transmission superposition.It is of course also possible to be：Make to be comprised in the gas in intermediate gaps and be in flowing In, without adding liquid steam.
It can specify that according to another aspect of the present invention：Battery module is transported within the temperature range of from 60 DEG C to 100 DEG C OK.Preferably, this mean temperature battery module has the lithium ion battery Battery pack that at least one carries solid electrolyte.
It can specify that according to another aspect of the present invention：Battery module is transported within the temperature range of from 270 DEG C to 350 DEG C OK.Preferably, this high-temperature battery group module has sodium-nickel chloride battery cell.
Moreover, it relates to a kind of battery pack having according to enclosure system of the invention.Here, according to the present invention Battery pack can be used in automotive vehicles applications, especially in electric vehicle and electric bicycle（E-Bike）In battery pack, and And available for the battery pack for the application in stable operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Embodiments of the invention are illustrated and further explained in the description that follows in the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 schematically shows the embodiment of the battery module with the enclosure system according to the present invention, and
Fig. 2 schematically shows another embodiment party of the enclosure system of another layout with compressing member according to the present invention Formula.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 schematically shows the embodiment of the battery module with the enclosure system 1 according to the present invention, first The method of operation should be explained according to the enclosure system 1 according to the present invention.
Enclosure system 1 has shell 2.Here, the shell 2 has a double-walled 3, the double-walled 3 is by outside shell wall 4 and interior The shell wall 5 in portion is constructed.
In addition, the double-walled 3 have also been constructed the inner space 7 for being arranged for accommodating at least one battery cell 6.In electricity In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 of pond group module, such as five battery cells 6 are accommodated in inner space 7, described Five battery cells 6 have two binding posts respectively（Terminal）8, the binding post 8 be used for battery cell 6 that This in series or in parallel.In other words, it means that：The double-walled 3 surrounds inner space 7.
In addition, the double-walled 3 also has intermediate gaps 9.Here, intermediate gaps 9 pass through outside shell wall 4 and internal outer Shell wall 5 is constructed.Especially, the intermediate gaps 9 are limited by outside shell wall 4 and internal shell wall 5 and substantially sealed Close, wherein " substantially " means in this context：The shell wall 4 of the outside and the shell wall 5 of the inside can have There is the sleeve pipe for electric wire（Durchfuehrung）10, the sleeve pipe 10 for electric wire is airtightly closed and preferred underground heat The insulated surrounding environment 11 from enclosure system 1 is routed in inner space 7 through intermediate gaps 9.In addition, " substantially " is at this Also meant in context：The shell wall 4 of especially described outside can also have the joint to be described.
Here, the intermediate gaps 9 are connected with inner space 7 with heat conduction by internal shell wall 5 so that hot-fluid 13 such as exists Inner space 7 can be transferred to from intermediate gaps 9 as shown in Fig. 1, and vice versa, and this does not have in Fig. 1 It is illustrated.In addition, the intermediate gaps 9 are also connected with the surrounding environment 11 of shell 2 with heat conduction by outside shell wall 4 so that Hot-fluid 12 can be transferred to surrounding environment 11 from intermediate gaps 9 as illustrated in Figure 1, and vice versa, this It is not illustrated in Fig. 1.Hot-fluid 12,13 especially can evenly distributedly pass through institute on each position of shell wall 4,5 Shell wall 4,5 is stated to transmit.
The intermediate gaps 9 are arranged for accommodating gas, and the gas has pressure 14 in intermediate gaps 9.It is described to be in The pressure 14 of gas in intermediate gaps 9 determines the thermal conductivity of the gas and also determines transmitted hot-fluid 12,13 whereby Size.Especially, the gas can be air, carbon dioxide, rare gas, sulfur fluoride or the referred gas Mixture.
Enclosure system 1 has a compressing member 15, the compressing member 15 by the joint 16 of outside shell wall 4 with it is described The intermediate gaps 9 of double-walled 3 are connected.Here, the compressing member 15 is arranged for improving and/or reduced in intermediate gaps 9 The pressure 14 of gas.Whereby, the compressing member 15 can control the thermal conductivity of intermediate gaps 9 by changing pressure 14.In addition, Term " compressing member " also includes term " vavuum pump ".
In addition, to be identified from Fig. 1：The shell wall 4 of the outside has the joint 19 being connected with valve 191, described The joint 19 being connected with valve 191 is arranged for the pressure between the intermediate gaps 9 of double-walled 3 and the surrounding environment 11 of shell 2 Power is balanced.Here, the valve 191 directly can also be connected with the shell wall 4 of the outside, can especially be integrated into it is described In outside shell wall 4.
On the surface 20,21 towards intermediate gaps 9, the shell wall 4 of the outside or the shell wall 5 of the inside are at it Outside preferably respectively has the face coat with the radiation coefficient being reduced on the inside of it if necessary, will pass through in institute The heat radiation between the shell wall 4 of outside and the shell wall 5 of the inside is stated to reduce Heat transmission.Especially with low pressure During power 14, the face coat is used for the desired insulation characterisitic for maintaining enclosure system 1.
Here, the double-walled 3 of shell 2 could be configured such that the shell wall 5 of the inside and the shell wall 4 of the outside It is mechanically stable so that the shell wall 5 of the inside and outside shell wall 4 can sustain conversion when changing pressure 14 Load.In this regard, the intermediate gaps 9 of the double-walled 3 can have mechanical supporting structure 22, the mechanical supporting structure 22 is constructed Make it that the volume of the intermediate gaps 9 is held substantially constant.Therefore, the mechanical supporting structure 22 is resisted subtracts in pressure 14 The power that hour is worked due to ambient pressure.In addition, the mechanical supporting structure 22 is preferably with as small as possible Thermal conductivity, and with following this opening, it is described be open preferably be with gas in the case of no pressure loss can Filling（befuellbar）And flowing of the gas within intermediate gaps 9 can be realized.The especially plastic foam of perforate It is suitable for this.
In addition, to be identified from Fig. 1：Blower element 23 is disposed in intermediate gaps 9, the blower element 23 Gas for making to be in intermediate gaps 9 is in flowing.
As shown in figure 1, in addition also possibly：Shell 2 has exhaust joint（Ablaufanschluss）17, gas leads to Crossing the exhaust joint 17 can flow out from intermediate gaps 9.Here, the exhaust joint 17 is connected with valve 171.Preferably, outside Shell systems 2 have multiple exhaust joints 17, so as to realize quickly regulation pressure 14.In this regard, the exhaust joint 17 or The multiple exhaust joint 17 is effectively connected with compressing member 15（This is represented by a dotted line in Fig. 1）So that the gas The outflow in order to reduce pressure 14 can be controlled by compressing member 15.
In first method of operation according to the enclosure system 1 of the present invention, compressing member 15 in order to reduce pressure 14 and Valve 191 takes gas away in the case of closing from intermediate gaps 9.Especially, gas can be flowed out in surrounding environment.It is excellent Selection of land, in the case where valve 171 is opened, the gas flows also by with the exhaust joint 17 that compressing member 15 is effectively connected Go out.Especially, the engagement effectively connected can be constructed as follows：The suction end of valve 171 and compressing member 15 It is connected by pipeline.In addition, in first method of operation according to the enclosure system 1 of the present invention, being turned off in compressing member 15 In the case of can improve pressure 14 by opening valve 191, until reach ambient pressure.However, it is also possible to be：It is logical The pressure 14 for the deviation ambient pressure for crossing shutoff valve door 191 to adjust determination.
Fig. 2 shows another embodiment party of the enclosure system 1 of another layout with compressing member 15 according to the present invention The fragment of formula（Ausschnitt）, second method of operation should explain according to the enclosure system 1.Here, not in Fig. 2 piece The part that shows is arranged with Fig. 1 identical in section.However, should also be noted that in this：Perhaps it can save Exhaust joint 17 with valve 171, as being also described later.
In fig. 2 in shown another embodiment, enclosure system 1 has the inlet suction port in parallel with compressing member 15 25.Here, inlet suction port 25 can lead to intermediate gaps 9, or lead to as illustrated in Figure 2 on position 252 Joint 16.In addition, the inlet suction port 25 also has valve 251.In addition, the inlet suction port 25 is used to make gas be flowed into middle sky Pressure 14 is improved in gap 9 or joint 16.
In addition, compressing member 15 and valve 251 can also be connected with gas holder 24, the gas holder 24 is included as thermoregulation agent Gas.Especially, compressing member 15 and valve 251 are connected by flow channel 163 and 253 with the gas holder 24.Gas holder 24 makes With having the following advantages that：The gas different from ambient air is also workable.
In second method of operation, turn off compressing member 15 to improve pressure 14 and open valve 251 so that gas Body can be flowed into intermediate gaps 9 from gas holder 24 or alternatively can also be flowed into intermediate gaps 9 from surrounding environment 11 In.Here, for pressure, valve 191 can be opened in a balanced way, so as to realize that faster pressure is improved.In addition, especially It is that, when the gas different from ambient air is used as thermoregulation agent, valve 191 can also be closed when improving pressure 14. This, especially valve 171 is also switched off.Thus, gas passes through flow channel 253 from gas holder 24 or surrounding environment 11, beaten in succession Valve 251, inlet suction port 25 and the especially process joint 16 opened are flowed in intermediate gaps 9, and therefore raising pressure 14, Until reaching pressure or ambient pressure present in water tank 24.
In second method of operation, connect compressing member 15 to reduce pressure 14 and close valve 251, make Around gas can flow out in gas holder 24 by compressing member 15 from intermediate gaps 9 or can also alternatively flow out to In environment 11.Here, especially also opening valve 171 and exhaust passage 17 effectively being come into cloth with being connected with compressing member 15 Put, wherein the exhaust passage 17 can also be saved.Here, valve 191 is closed.Thus, the gas can be in succession by connecing First 16, compressing member 15 and flow channel 163 are flowed out in water tank or can also alternatively flowed out in surrounding environment 11.
Especially, compressing member 15 and valve 251 are coupled to each other on regulation technology so that quickly adjusting pressure 14 is It is possible.In addition, intermediate gaps 9 can also have the sensor element for being used for measuring pressure 14.Thus, control and adjustment unit can Compressing member 15 and valve 251 are manipulated with measured value and/or the temperature value of battery cell 6 based on pressure 14.
Preferably, valve 251 is all integrated into compressing member 15 together with flow channel 163,253 and joint 16,25, its In in fig. 2 shown entirety be referred to as compressing member 15.Thus, the compressing member 15 can be manipulated in intermediate gaps 9 Pressure 14 raising and reduction.

Claims (11)

1. the enclosure system of the enclosure system of battery module, especially mean temperature battery pack or high-temperature battery group, described Enclosure system has shell（2）, the shell（2）With by outside shell wall（4）With internal shell wall（5）Pair of construction Wall（3）, the double-walled（3）Construct and be arranged for accommodating at least one battery cell（6）Inner space（7）, wherein The double-walled（3）Additionally there are intermediate gaps（9）, the intermediate gaps（9）Pass through the shell wall of the inside（5）With heat conduction With the inner space（7）It is connected and passes through the shell wall of the outside（4）With heat conduction with the shell（2）Surrounding environment （11）It is connected, and the intermediate gaps（9）Additionally it is arranged for accommodating gas, it is characterised in that the enclosure system （1）In order to pass through intermediate gaps（9）Come control Heat transmission and with being arranged for improving and/or reduce in the double-walled（3） Intermediate gaps（9）In gas pressure（14）Compressing member（15）.
2. the enclosure system of battery module according to claim 1, wherein the shell wall of the outside（4）With at least One joint（16、17、25）, at least one described joint（16、17、25）It is arranged to introduce gas into intermediate gaps（9） In and/or by gas from intermediate gaps（9）Middle export, it is characterised in that the compressing member（15）It is arranged for by institute State gas and imported into intermediate gaps（9）In control and/or for by the gas from intermediate gaps（9）Middle export.
3. the enclosure system of battery module according to claim 2, it is characterised in that at least one described joint（16、 17、25）In addition it is also configured to liquid vapour, especially water vapour importeding into intermediate gaps（9）In and/or from intermediate gaps （9）Middle export.
4. the enclosure system of the battery module according to one of the claims, it is characterised in that outside the outside Shell wall（4）With being arranged in the double-walled（3）Intermediate gaps（9）With the shell（2）Surrounding environment（11）It Between pressure valve in a balanced way（191）.
5. the enclosure system of the battery module according to one of the claims, it is characterised in that outside the outside Shell wall（4）And/or the shell wall of the inside（5）With face coat, the face coat has being reduced for heat radiation Radiation coefficient.
6. the enclosure system of the battery module according to one of the claims, it is characterised in that in the double-walled（3） Intermediate gaps（9）In be disposed with supporting structure（22）, wherein the supporting structure（22）The especially plastic foam of perforate, honeybee The metallic grid or plastic grill of nest shape, it is also the cellular metallic grid or plastic grill that offset one from another of multilayer ground, Either ceramic grid.
7. the battery module with the enclosure system described at least one in the claims, wherein described interior Portion space（7）In accommodate at least one battery cell（6）, at least one described battery cell（6）With heat conduction with it is described Internal shell wall（5）It is connected, it is characterised in that at least one described battery cell（6）With surrounding environment（11）Between Heat transmission pass through in intermediate gaps（9）In gas pressure（14）It is to adjust, wherein the compressing member（15）Control Pressing pressure（14）.
8. for being adjusted to the battery module with the enclosure system described at least one in the claims 1 to 6 The method of temperature, wherein in the shell（2）Inner space（7）In accommodate at least one battery cell（6）, and it is described At least one battery cell（6）Pass through the shell wall of the inside（5）With heat conduction with intermediate gaps（9）It is connected, its feature exists In the compressing member（15）Improve the pressure of gas（14）To improve in intermediate gaps（9）In gas thermal conductivity, or Reduce the pressure of gas（14）To reduce the thermal conductivity of the gas.
9. for the method to battery module temperature adjustment according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in order to further improve The intermediate gaps（9）Thermal conductivity, pass through the shell wall of the outside（4）At least one joint（16、25）Liquid is steamed Vapour, especially water vapour imported into intermediate gaps（9）In and/or the shell（2）Additionally there is blower element（23）, institute State blower element（23）It is arranged to make to be comprised in intermediate gaps（9）In gas or water vapour be in flowing in.
10. for the method to the battery module temperature adjustment according to one of the claims 8 or 9, it is characterised in that electricity Pond group is run from 60 DEG C to 120 DEG C or within the temperature range of 270 DEG C to 350 DEG C.
11. having the battery pack of the enclosure system according to one of claim 1 to 6 or with according to claim 7 institute The battery pack for the battery module stated or the battery pack run using the method according to one of claim 8 to 10.
CN201610908696.7A 2015-10-20 2016-10-19 Enclosure system, battery module, method for regulating temperature and the battery pack of battery module Pending CN106953040A (en)

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