CN106952671B - It is good to draw the device and method that plasma time parameter is measured under clean refined magnetic well structure - Google Patents
It is good to draw the device and method that plasma time parameter is measured under clean refined magnetic well structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106952671B CN106952671B CN201710295702.0A CN201710295702A CN106952671B CN 106952671 B CN106952671 B CN 106952671B CN 201710295702 A CN201710295702 A CN 201710295702A CN 106952671 B CN106952671 B CN 106952671B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
- G21C17/12—Sensitive element forming part of control element
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
- G21C17/00—Monitoring; Testing ; Maintaining
- G21C17/10—Structural combination of fuel element, control rod, reactor core, or moderator structure with sensitive instruments, e.g. for measuring radioactivity, strain
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The present invention provides the good device and method for drawing and measuring plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure；Include the following steps：Step A10：Before plasma enters magnetic well, it is powered for electric probe, starts to obtain the analog current corresponding to 4 electric probes, and export real-time I t characteristic curves；Step A20：Calculating plasma does not enter electric probe initial current I when magnetic well space0；Step A30：According to real-time I t characteristic curves, calculates four electric probes and flow through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4, as plasma enters the time inside magnetic well via chute coil；Step A40：The maximum time t of electric current is flowed through according to the obtained electric probes of step A301、t2、t3、t4, carry out calculating plasma filling time Tf；Step A50：According to calculated I in step A200, calculating plasma slip timeStep A60：According to the plasma filled time T calculated in step A40f, and the plasma slip time that is calculated in step A50Calculating plasma confinement time Tc。
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plasma parameter fields of measurement, and in particular to good draw measures plasma under clean refined magnetic well structure
The device of plasma filled time and confinement time are measured in the device and method of time parameter more particularly to strong constraint magnetic field
And method.
Background technology
Currently, the reserves of fossil energy are limited；It, can getting worse ground welding also, if using fossil energy.Cause
This, nuclear energy is one of the main path for solving energy problem.And generation few compared to the raw material reserves of nuclear fission is intractable anti-
Penetrating property waste material, raw material rich reserves of nuclear fusion and light for environmental pollution, therefore each state are all to greatly develop controllable thermonuclear poly-
Become reaction unit.
The key problem of controlled thermonuclear fusion is the plasma for constraining under high temperature using the magnetic field with special construction,
So far, a variety of magnetic confinement methods have been proposed in the world, such as suspension dipole device (LDX), reversed field pinch (RFP), support
Karma gram, stellarator etc..Compared with the magnetic confinement devices such as tokamak device, stellarator, as non-tokamak magnetic confinement
Exchange good to draw clean refined type magnetic confinement device, that there is simple in structure, small, low manufacture cost, plasma can be inhibited automatically
The advantages that unstability.
Magnetic well is empty in the magnetic field of its generation by plasma confinement as the good core for drawing clean refined type magnetic confinement device
Between in, the measurement of plasma parameter is the basis of magnetic confinement of plasma research, and the theory of thermonuclear fusion reaction is ground
Study carefully great with practice significance.And filling time and confinement time of the plasma after chute coil enters magnetic well are plasmas
Important parameter, it is significant for studying entire controlled thermonuclear fusion process.
In the prior art, good to draw the method for measuring plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure as shown in Figure 1.Such as figure
The prior art shown in 1 merely illustrates and 12 electric probes is uniformly distributed on the circumference of magnetic well coil plane R=280mm
The value that confinement time and filling time can be measured fails the number for optimizing electric probe, fails that measurement etc. is further described
Gas ions enter the apparatus and method of filling time and confinement time after magnetic well, also do not provide specific measurement method and phase
Close principle.
Therefore, how to design it is a kind of in multipole magnetic well device measure plasma enter the filling time peace treaty after magnetic well
The apparatus and method of beam time so that electric probe quantity reduction when measuring reliably, in real time, accurately, and to measure, optimization survey
Amount system, while ensureing the accuracy measured, the influence that electric probe fills magnetic well internal plasma is reduced, each side is become
Make great efforts the project of research.
Invention content
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of good draw, and plasma time parameter is measured under clean refined magnetic well structure
Device and method.Compared to the prior art is used, which, which has, measures reliably, in real time, accurately, and electric probe quantity subtracts
It is few, optimize measuring system, while ensureing the accuracy measured, reduces the influence that electric probe fills magnetic well internal plasma
The advantages of.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of good draw, and plasma time ginseng is measured under clean refined magnetic well structure
Several devices, the plasma in entire magnetic well space are constrained to the annulus between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil
Domain, wherein interior hagfish coil diameter is 40cm, and outer hagfish coil diameter is 70cm；Wherein, which includes sequentially connected electricity
Probe and signal acquisition circuit (1), signal conditioning circuit (2), data collecting system (3) and PC machine (4)；Wherein,
Electric probe and signal acquisition circuit (1) include electric probe measurement module and signal acquisition module；The electric probe is surveyed
It includes 4 electric probes (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) to measure module, and electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) is uniform in the direction of the clock
It is on the circumference of 275mm to be distributed in radius between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil, wherein electric probe 1-1 is mounted on chute
Coil axis line position；One end of 4 electric probes (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) is connect with plasma (G), other end difference
Connect with one end of a divider resistance (1-5), the other end of each divider resistance (1-5) with a public direct-current power supply (1-
6) anode connection, the cathode of the public direct-current power supply (1-6) connect with a current-limiting resistance after again with the plasma (G)
Connection；The signal acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage waveform on divider resistance (1-5), and then collects each divider resistance
Analog current I on (1-5)i(t), and export 4 electric probes real-time I-t characteristic curves；
Signal conditioning circuit (2)：The analog current that electric probe and signal acquisition circuit (1) measure is amplified, is filtered,
And export analog signal；
Data collecting system (3)：Including A/D conversion modules and data cache module；A/D conversion modules are electric by signal condition
The analog signal of road (2) output is converted into digital signal, and data cache module carries out caching process to data；Data collecting system
(3) output digit signals；
PC machine (4)：Including sequentially connected digital filtering module, data memory module and image and data analysis module；
Wherein, digital filtering module is filtered the digital signal of data collecting system (3) output, removes A/D transfer processes
Noise；Data memory module, by the filtered measurement data removed after making an uproar, in storage to specified data library；Image and number
According to analysis module, according to the data obtained from data memory module, calculating plasma time parameter.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of good draw to measure plasma time under clean refined magnetic well structure
The method of parameter, wherein include the following steps：
Step A10：
It before plasma enters magnetic well, is powered for electric probe, acquires the simulation electricity on each divider resistance (1-5)
Flow Ii(t), and export 4 electric probes real-time I-t characteristic curves；
Step A20：
The real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe measured according to step A10 are calculated plasma and do not enter magnetic well space
When electric probe initial current I0；
Step A30：
According to the real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe that step A10 is measured, according to formula 1, to calculate four electric probe (1-
1,1-2,1-3,1-4) flow through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4, this t1、t2、t3、t4As plasma is via chute line
Circle enters the time inside magnetic well；
Step A40：
The maximum time t of electric current is flowed through according to the obtained electric probes of step A301、t2、t3、t4, according to formula 2, to calculate
Plasma filled time T under magnetic well structuref；
Step A50：
According to calculated I in step A200, according to formula 3, to calculate electric probe current reverts to I0TimeThe time that as plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areas；
Step A60：
According to the plasma filled time T under the magnetic well structure being calculated in step A40f, and in step A50
The time that the plasma being calculated is escaped from weak magnetic field areasAccording to formula 4, to calculate magnetic well knot
Plasma confinement time T under structurec；
The beneficial technical effect of the present invention lies in provide good draw of one kind and measuring plasma time ginseng under clean refined magnetic well structure
Several device and methods.In view of weak magnetic field areas and plasma density distribution in the specific good clean refined magnetic well of drawing, by right
The deep understanding that magnetic well plasma time parameter measures, The present invention reduces electric probe numbers, optimize measuring system, together
When ensure that the accuracy of measurement, reduce the influence that electric probe fills magnetic well internal plasma.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in the prior art for arranging electric probe in the planes in magnetic well coil；
Fig. 2 is the whole of the device of measurement plasma time parameter under a kind of good clean refined magnetic well structure of drawing provided by the invention
Body structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the electrical resistivity survey pin module in electric probe provided by the invention and signal acquisition module 1；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the signal acquisition module in electric probe provided by the invention and signal acquisition module 1；
Fig. 5 is the good simulation model geometrized structure graph for drawing clean refined magnetic well in COMSOL finite element emulation softwares；
Fig. 6 is the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution figure for the half section that magnetic well crosses central axes；
Fig. 7 is the signal for the annular region that plasma is constrained between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil
Figure；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of the ray OA on outer hagfish coil radius direction；
Fig. 9 is to carry out simulation analysis, the schematic diagram of the obtained Magnetic Induction Density Distribution on OA lines to Fig. 8；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram according to the obtained different time plasma density distributions of Fig. 9；
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the good apparatus structure for drawing clean refined type magnetic confinement device；
Figure 12 is that in the practical good clean refined type magnetic confinement device of drawing, the relative position relation of chute coil and magnetic well shows
It is intended to.
Specific implementation mode
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, is clearly and completely retouched to principles and features of the present invention
It states, it is clear that described embodiment is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention gives, one kind is good to draw plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure to measure dress
It sets, is measured in measurement plasma time parameter more particularly to strong constraint magnetic field under clean refined magnetic well structure more particularly to good draw
Plasma filled time and confinement time.The device includes sequentially connected electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1, signal condition
Circuit 2, data collecting system 3 and PC machine 4.
Electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1 include electric probe measurement module and signal acquisition module.In electric probe and signal
In Acquisition Circuit 1, the connection relation of electric probe measurement module and signal acquisition module, as shown in Figure 4.In the present invention in electrical resistivity survey
The electric probe made by tungsten filament is combined together by needle and signal acquisition circuit 1 with analog circuit, for realizing for plasma
The measurement of body relevant temporal parameter.As shown in Figure 4：One end of 4 electric probes is powered by the same DC power supply 1-6；Single electricity
Probe 1-1,1-2,1-3 or 1-4 constitute circuit with divider resistance 1-5, public direct-current power supply 1-6 and plasma G respectively.4
One end of electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 are connect with plasma G, the other end respectively with a divider resistance 1-5 one
The other end of end connection, each divider resistance 1-5 is connect with the anode of a public direct-current power supply 1-6, the public direct-current electricity
The cathode of source 1-6 is connect with the plasma G again after being connect with a current-limiting resistance.Four voltmeters in Fig. 4, are separately connected
Partial pressure ratio to four divider resistances is the position more than 0.5.Divider resistance in Fig. 4, since plasma does not enter magnetic
When trap space, current value is smaller, therefore divider resistance value should not be too large, it is preferable that between several ohm to tens ohm.
The signal acquisition module schematic diagram of electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1, as shown in Figure 4：Signal acquisition module is mould
Quasi- signal acquisition circuit.Voltage waveform on divider resistance 1-5 is acquired and is sent into host computer into line number by signal acquisition module
It is calculated according to processing and analysis.Signal acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage waveform on divider resistance (1-5), and then according to above-mentioned electricity
Corrugating and Ohm's law U=IR collect the analog current I on each divider resistance (1-5)i(t), and 4 electric probes are exported
Real-time I-t characteristic curves.
In Fig. 4, the concatenated current-limiting resistances of public direct-current power supply 1-6 have been used for metering function, have prevented plasma filled mistake
Electric current is excessive in journey.Preferably, which is tens ohm.
In Fig. 4, connect with the current-limiting resistance there are one ammeter.The ammeter is used for the electric current of detection circuit, with
Four voltmeters cooperate, and ensure the acquisition of I-t signals.
Signal acquisition module only acquires the amount for the related time parameter that electric probe measures, i.e., only needs to acquire 4 electrical resistivity surveys
Curent change curve corresponding to needle, i.e., real-time I-t characteristic curves.The hardware connection mode and acquisition principle of signal acquisition module
Also it is all realized around this purpose.The function of signal acquisition module is that the motion conditions by plasma in magnetic well are led to
The form for crossing analog signal shows.It is empty around electric probe after plasma is full of some electric probe surrounding space
Between plasma escape, voltage real-time waveform (maximum value or minimum value) can be measured by circuit, to reach follow-up calculating
The purpose of time parameter.The electric probe of the present invention and the signal acquisition module of signal acquisition circuit 1, not only measure an electricity
The analogue value of pressure/electric current, but measured voltage/current value in real time, the curve changed over time for generating voltage/current, into
And calculate the relevant temporal parameter of plasma.Specifically, when plasma is in electric probe surrounding space, detected current value
It is maximum；After plasma is escaped from constraint, electric current minimum is measured.
The electric probe of the present invention is made of the tungsten filament of diameter 1.5mm or 0.3mm.The present invention further reduces electric probe institute
Volume is accounted for, under the premise of not influencing plasma current collection, reduces the contact area of electric probe and plasma, to
Alleviate influence of the magnetic field of electric probe electric current generation for magnetic well spatial magnetic field.In addition, the reduction of tungsten filament diameter can be with
The cost of manufacture for reducing electric probe, saves the dosage of electric probe external ceramic casing.
The electric probe measurement module of electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1, as shown in Figure 3：4 electrical resistivity surveys made of tungsten filament
Needle 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 composition.In structure, the present invention installs in magnetic well coil and is distributed this 4 electricity so in the planes
Probe is so that this 4 electric probes 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 are uniformly distributed in the direction of the clock in interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish
Radius is 90 degree each other of adjacent electric probe on the circumference of 275mm between coil.In measuring principle, the present invention is come using averaging method
Measure relevant temporal parameter.Present invention radius between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil is on the circumference of 275mm, by equal
4 electric probes of even distribution obtain the filling time and confinement time of plasma.By electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1,
Obtain real-time I-t characteristic curves.
For magnetic well coil institute, electric probe installs distribution schematic diagram to Fig. 3 in the planes, and 4 intervals are mounted in circular cross-section
90 ° electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4, determines the thinking processes of electric probe installation site, experienced following three step：
The first step in order to determine the spatial position of installation electric probe, and determines that the good magnetic induction for drawing clean refined magnetic well space is strong
Degree and plasma density distribution.
In COMSOL finite element emulation softwares, the good clean refined magnetic well coil simulation model of drawing is established, as shown in Figure 5；
In COMSOL finite element emulation softwares, by setting the relevant parameter of hagfish coil, the good magnetic strength for drawing clean refined magnetic well space is determined
Intensity distribution is answered, as shown in Figure 6；Analyze the Density Distribution situation of the plasma on magnetic well cross section.On the whole, this
One step is conducive to the specific spatial position for determining electric probe installation in the third step, to ensure that the accuracy of measurement parameter.
Second step：According to magnetic well space plasma Density Distribution situation determining in the first step, plasma is determined
The restrained weak magnetic field areas of body.
According to the Density Distribution situation of the plasma on magnetic well cross section determined in the first step, analysis obtains：
The weak magnetic field areas in magnetic well space is present in the annular region between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil, in entire magnetic well space
Plasma be constrained to the annular region between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil, as shown in Figure 6.It is soft using finite element
Part analyzes the distribution situation in annular region plasma density, and further analysis obtains：Annular region intermediate region particle is close
It spends of substantially equal.In second step, the restrained weak magnetic field areas of plasma is by imitative in COMSOL finite element emulation softwares
True result determines.
Region restrained after plasma enters magnetic well inside is determined, required electrical resistivity survey is measured to determine in the third step
The number and installation site of needle provide theoretical direction.
It is specifically, as follows to the analytic process of simulation result in the first step in second step：
Fig. 7 is the signal for the annular region that plasma is constrained between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil
Figure.In the figure 7, the ray OA on outer hagfish coil radius direction is chosen, as shown in Figure 8.Simulation analysis is carried out to Fig. 8, is obtained
Magnetic induction intensity (magnetic flux density) distribution map on OA lines, as shown in Figure 9.
As shown in Figure 9, a U-typed magnetic field, as magnetic are produced between hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil in magnetic well
Weak magnetic field areas inside trap.And then different time plasma density distribution is obtained, as shown in Figure 10.Figure 10 is obtained according to Fig. 9
The schematic diagram of the different time plasma density distribution arrived is the sectional drawing in COMSOL softwares.Wherein, unit e-6 indicates 1 μ
s；Unit e-5 indicates 10 μ s.Figure 10 a), b), c) and d) show respectively 1 μ s, 3 μ s, 10 μ s and 30 μ s time points etc.
Plasma density is distributed.Can see from (a) of Figure 10, (b), (c), (d) 4 width figure, over time, plasma by
It gradually concentrates on around inside and outside hagfish coil centre weak magnetic field areas and hagfish coil.Thus, it is possible to determine that plasma is restrained
Annular region between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil.
Third walks：According to the plasma distribution situation of the entire weak magnetic field areas determined in second step and consider low-intensity magnetic field
The space bit shape in region determines number, the installation site of electric probe needed for measuring；
Electric probe is installed on to the intermediate cross-section of annular weak magnetic field areas, and for accurate time of measuring parameter, choosing
Select the electric probe that installation 4 is spaced 90 ° two-by-two.
Third step is closely connected with the first step, second step.As described in second step, the weak magnetic place in magnetic well space has been obtained
Domain is distributed and the restrained region of plasma.Therefore, in conjunction with interior hagfish coil (diameter 40cm) and outer hagfish coil (diameter
Geometric dimension 70cm) determines that electric probe is installed between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil in conjunction with the magnetic well structure of Fig. 5
Radius is on the circumference of 275mm.And in view of measurement accuracy, the interference of minimum electric probe, data processing brief introduction quickly etc. because
Element determines that it is 275mm's to install 4 electric probes in being uniformly distributed in the good clean refined magnetic well structure radius of drawing according to 90 ° of interval angles
On annulus, for obtaining required real-time I-t characteristic curves, prepare for subsequent analysis calculating.Due to 180 degree each other two-by-two
Electric probe mutual cooperation measures, and electric probe must be uniformly distributed in the present invention.
It selects the electric probe in electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1 being distributed in radius as on the circumference of 275mm, reason is such as
Under：It is good to draw clean refined magnetic well model as shown in Figure 5 in COMSOL finite element emulation softwares --- magnetic well simulation model geometry knot
Structure.It is emulated by the way that related hagfish coil parameter is arranged, obtains the half section Magnetic Induction Density Distribution cloud that magnetic well crosses central axes
Figure is as shown in Figure 6 --- the Magnetic Induction Density Distribution in magnetic well space.It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that weak magnetic field areas be located at interior hagfish coil with
Annular region between outer hagfish coil.The restrained circular annular region inside this region of plasma.Plasma is by about
Beam ring shape area schematic is as shown in Figure 7.In order to accurately measure filling time and the constraint that plasma enters magnetic well space
Electric probe is placed on the center of weak magnetic field areas in magnetic well space by time, the present invention.Therefore, by hagfish coil in magnetic well
A diameter of 40cm, outer hagfish coil diameter are 70cm, becauseObviously electric probe can be obtained and signal is adopted
Electric probe in collector 1 is mounted on the circumference that radius is 275mm.
Electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1 select the measurement method of 4 electric probes, the reason is as follows that：The presence meeting of electric probe
The diffusion of magnetic well plasma is had an impact.If with 5 or more electric probes, not only data acquisition process can be made numerous
Trivial difficulty, and the magnetic field generated around electric probe influences whether the Distribution of Magnetic Field situation in magnetic well space, to influence surrounding etc.
The diffusion of gas ions so that measure time parameter distortion；And 2-3 electric probe cannot meet the purpose accurately measured and (can only obtain
To one group of time parameter, error can not be reduced).The present invention using accurately measure plasma filling time and confinement time as mesh
, therefore, by after considering, electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1 select 4 electric probes.
4 electric probes of electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1 are uniformly distributed on the circumference that radius is 275mm.With it is existing
Technology is compared, The present invention reduces electric probe quantity, propose measurement method, optimize measure position.Wherein, electric probe quantity
Reduction so that it mitigates the interference of magnetic well plasma significantly.The it is proposed of measurement method, has filled up technological gap.
Measure the optimization of position so that the filling time is more accurate with confinement time.
Signal conditioning circuit 2：Signal conditioning circuit 2 is arranged in electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1 and data collecting system 3
Between, the analog current signal that electric probe and signal acquisition circuit 1 measure is amplified, is filtered, and exports analog signal；Make
Signal preferably matches AD conversion and removes influence of the outside noise to signal.Signal conditioning circuit 2 of the present invention so that
Collected signal meets the input requirements of PCI board card in data collecting system 3, and reduces large disturbances for analog signals
Interference.For actually measured parameter, in order to complete that the processing for acquiring signal is optimized, and setting signal modulate circuit 2.
Wherein, amplifying circuit is to be set to coordinate in data collecting system 3 PCI board card with filter circuit (passive filtering).
Data collecting system 3：PCI board card.Data collecting system 3 includes A/D conversion modules and data cache module, A/D
Conversion module converts the analog signal that signal conditioning circuit 2 exports to the digital signal that can upload PC machine 4, based on high sampling speed
Rate can carry out caching process to data.Since the confinement time of the good clean refined magnetic well plasma of drawing is ms grades, therefore it is required that number
Have high sampling rate, high-resolution, high-precision, high stability according to acquisition system 3.So data collecting system 3 of the invention
PCI board card (high-speed data acquisition card) is relied primarily on to realize, A/D conversions and data buffering system are contained in PCI board card, to
Otherwise designed A/D conversion circuits are not needed.Its work is mainly made by software configuration when work, reduces the number under traditional sense
It is connected according to acquisition system hardware, to reach the acquisition purpose of plasma parameter.Before use, first to complete PCI board card
Hardware connects.When work, treated that signal is transferred into data collecting system 3 for signal conditioning circuit 2, and A/D is controlled by software
Conversion and the storage of data, the digital quantity obtained after A/D is converted is temporarily stored in the FIFO or RAM in PCI board card, then is passed through
Pci bus or other computer bus are sent to the memory of PC machine 4.In short, data collecting system 3 of the present invention is a kind of
System integrated, operability is strong has the measurement of the good clean refined type magnetic well plasma time parameter of drawing and answers well
Use foreground.Data cache module is put into the measuring circuit of the art by the present invention first.
PC machine 4：Including sequentially connected digital filtering module, data memory module and image and data analysis module, PC
Machine 4 realizes that the filtering, storage and the analysis of plasma time parameter of the digital signal exported to data collecting system 3 calculate.
Digital filtering module, the digital signal exported to data collecting system 3 are filtered, and remove the noise of A/D transfer processes
Influence to parameter measurement.Data memory module, by the filtered measurement data removed after making an uproar, specified data library is arrived in storage
In, which is used for storage, management and the inquiry of sampled data.Image and data analysis module store mould according to from data
The data that block obtains are analyzed using related software (LabView, MATLAB etc.) and calculate plasma time parameter；It is bent to complete I-t
The display and data analysis of line calculate.Use process is as follows --- first, digital filtering module is received from data acquisition system
The data of 3 (PCI board card, high-speed data acquisition cards) of system design digital filtering algorithm using related software (LabView etc.), right
Digital signal is filtered to remove and make an uproar；Then, data memory module preserves filtering data；Finally, in image and data point
It analyses in module and filtered data is generated into image, while designing corresponding parser in PC machine, according to time parameter meter
Formula is calculated to be calculated.Finally obtain the filling time and confinement time of plasma.
Described image and data analysis module, including image analysis module and data analysis module；Described image analyzes mould
Block, for showing I-t curves, simulation result and each time parameter；The data analysis module includes the simulation electricity being sequentially connected
When stream acquisition submodule, initial current computational submodule, entry time computational submodule, filling time computational submodule, escape
Between computational submodule, confinement time computational submodule, wherein：
Analog current acquires submodule：
It before plasma enters magnetic well, is powered for electric probe, acquires the analog current on each divider resistance 1-5
Ii(t), and export 4 electric probes real-time I-t characteristic curves；
Initial current computational submodule：
The real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe that submodule measures are acquired according to analog current, plasma is calculated not
Electric probe initial current I when into magnetic well space0；
Entry time computational submodule：
According to the real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe that analog current acquisition submodule measures, according to formula 1, to calculate four
A electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 flow through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4, this t1、t2、t3、t4As plasma passes through
Enter the time inside magnetic well by chute coil；
Wherein, Ii(t) it is the I-t characterisitic function expression formulas of each electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4)；Choosing i-th
When (i=1,2,3,4) a electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4, utilizeDifferential algorithm acquire i-th of electric probe pair
The time that the derivative of time t is zero, as electric probe flow through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4；
Filling time computational submodule：
The electric probe obtained according to entry time computational submodule flows through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4, according to public affairs
Formula 2, to calculate the plasma filled time T under magnetic well structuref；
Slip time computational submodule：
According to the calculated I of initial current computational submodule0, according to formula 3, to calculate electric probe current reverts to I0's
TimeThe time that as plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areas；
Wherein, Ii(t) it is the I-t characterisitic function expression formulas of electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 of different installed positions；
When choosing i-th (i=1,2,3,4) a electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4, utilize
It acquires i-th of electric probe electric current I (t) and returns back to I0Time, i.e. i-th electrical resistivity survey pin position of the plasma from weak magnetic field areas
Locate the time t of escapei *；
Confinement time computational submodule：
Plasma filled time T under the magnetic well structure being calculated according to filling time computational submodulef, and in step
The time that the plasma being calculated in rapid A50 is escaped from weak magnetic field areasAccording to formula 4, to count
Calculate the plasma confinement time T under magnetic well structurec；
Wherein, for each electric probe, the time difference of calculating plasma slip time and plasma filled time
Value；Take the time of obtained plasma slip time and plasma filled time at 4 electric probes 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4
The maximum value of differenceThe as confinement time T of plasmac。
The present invention proposes plasma filling time and confinement time measurement method under the good clean refined magnetic well structure of drawing of one kind,
It includes the following steps：
Step A10：
Before plasma enters magnetic well by chute coil, electric probe is powered on.Good drawing as shown in Figure 2 is clean
Plasma time parameter measuring device under refined magnetic well structure, starts to obtain the analog current corresponding to 4 electric probes, and export
The real-time I-t characteristic curves of 4 electric probes.
Step A10 is related to the good temporal scalable system for drawing clean refined device, can be controlled often by this time domain control system
The conduction time of a part (plasma gun, congruent plasma channel, chute coil, magnetic well), to ensure plasma correlation
The accuracy that time parameter measures.Temporal scalable system can utilize related software (LabView, MATLAB etc.) programming to realize.
Step A20：
It before plasma enters magnetic well, is powered for electric probe, the real-time I-t of electric probe measured according to step A10 is special
Electric probe initial current I when plasma does not enter magnetic well space is calculated in linearity curve0。
Step A20 be primary data obtain, when plasma does not enter in magnetic well, in electric probe by electric current very
It is small.According to subsequent step it is found that at this time using the real-time I-t characteristic curves of obtained electric probe, and MATLAB programmings is combined to ask
Mean algorithm obtains the initial current value I of electric probe0。
Step A20 calculating is related to being the characteristic beginnings of real-time I-t, is not included in actual I-t characterisitic functions.
In addition, step A20 need to only obtain initial current value (subsequently to judge that the plasma confinement time makes reference), without obtaining
I-t characterisitic function expression formulas.Therefore the I obtained after calculatingi(t) be not different installed position electric probes I-t characteristic letters
Number expression formula.
Step A30：
According to the real-time I-t characteristic curves of step A10 4 electric probes 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 acquired, according to formula
1, flow through the maximum time t of electric current to calculate four electric probes 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-41、t2、t3、t4, this t1、t2、t3、t4As
Plasma enters the time inside magnetic well via chute coil；
Plasma enters via chute coil inside magnetic well, utilizes Plasma space potential when passing through electric probe and electricity
Probe current potential forms larger potential difference, measures the reality that electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 enter magnetic well space in plasma
When I-t characteristic curves.Judge plasma is via the method that chute coil enters inside magnetic well：4 electric probes in the present invention
Radius is the circle ring area of 275mm in magnetic well, and electric probe 1-1 is mounted on chute coil axis line position, to ensure
When plasma enters magnetic well by chute coil, the real-time I-t characteristic curves presentation electric current that 1-1 electric probes measure is notable
Increase, it is the time that plasma enters magnetic well that electric current, which starts the increased time,.Therefore, the present invention in 4 electric probe 1-1,
1-2,1-3,1-4 are on the basis of electric probe 1-1, and 90 degree of interval is uniformly distributed on circumference.
As depicted in figs. 11-12 to the understanding of " chute coil axis line position ".Figure 11 is the good clean refined type magnetic confinement device of drawing
Apparatus structure schematic diagram；11 be high-voltage pulse power source system in Figure 11；12 be plasma gun；13 is logical for congruent gas ions
Road；14 be magnetic well.Chute coil is the last one part of congruent plasma channel 13, and main function is to weaken plasma
Magnetic induction intensity on incident ray makes plasma smoothly inject magnetic well 14.Figure 12 is, in the practical good clean refined type magnetic confinement device of drawing
In, the schematic diagram of the relative position relation of chute coil and magnetic well.For determining the positions electric probe 1-1 meaning in the present invention
" chute coil axis line " is the incident ray in Figure 12, and angulation is between interior hagfish and the central axes of outer hagfish
" incidence angle θ ".It, can be unique by " chute coil axis line " position and two conditions of radius " R=275mm " in the present invention
Determine electric probe 1-1 installation sites.Other 3 electric probes 1-2,1-3,1-4 be on the basis of electric probe 1-1 in the present invention,
In the direction of the clock, it is spaced 90 degree successively, is uniformly distributed the circle that the radius between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil is 275mm
Zhou Shang.
According to the real-time I-t characteristic curves that electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 are obtained, electric probe 1-1,1-2,1- are calculated
3,1-4 flows through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4(by setting differential algorithm, being obtained by host computer Data Analysis Software),
Using the current maxima corresponding time as plasma by the time of electric probe, according to formula 1 come calculating plasma into
Electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 flow through electric current maximum time after entering magnetic well；
The connotation of formula 1 is：Ii(t) it is the I-t characteristic letters of electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 of different installed positions
Number expression formula.In a electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) of i-th (i=1,2,3,4) of selection, utilizeDifferential
Algorithm acquires the time that i-th of electric probe is zero to the derivative of time t, and as electric probe flows through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、
t3、t4。
Step A30 has obtained time of the plasma by 4 electric probes, to calculate the magnetic well plasma filling time
It lays the first stone.Step A30 is committed step of the present invention.
Step A40：
The maximum time t of electric current is flowed through according to the obtained electric probes of step A301、t2、t3、t4, according to formula 2, to calculate
Plasma filled time T under magnetic well structuref；
Analysis obtains plasma and enters after magnetic well weak magnetic field areas since incoming position respectively along the clockwise and inverse time
Needle both direction is spread, and the plasma of two electric probes in diametric(al) is used as by the time difference in magnetic well space
The filling time of plasma.To ensure that accuracy takes the average value measured twice, filled come calculating plasma according to formula 2
Time Tf；
Formula 2 is proposed according to the measuring principle proposed in the present invention in step A40.Step A40 plasmas are filled out
Fill the time is calculated by the algorithm routine write in advance in PC machine.For example, step can be realized in LabView MATLAB softwares
The measurement of plasma time parameter in A40.
Step A40 is the continuity of step A30.After step A30 measures time of the plasma by each electric probe,
Step A40 acquires the plasma filled time by corresponding host computer algorithm.The filling of plasma has been calculated in step A40
Time provides reference for parameters such as subsequent analysis plasma filled speed.
The prior art only proposes the filling time that plasma can be measured using 12 electric probes, is not provided
The measurement method and measure equation of body.
There is associations between each step of the present invention, such as：Will in the filling time of step A40 calculating plasmas,
We first have to determine that plasma enters the time t inside magnetic well via chute coil in step A301、t2、t3、t4, so
Full plasma is filled as condition using magnetic well distal void afterwards, finally invention correlation computations formula is filled the calculating of time.
Step A50：
According to calculated I in step A200, according to formula 3, to calculate electric probe current reverts to I0TimeThe time that as plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areas；
Over time, due between plasma collision and other factors collective effect, plasma is from weak
It escapes in magnetically confined region.Using plasma due to collision and circumnutation be detached from magnetic well weak magnetic field areas after, low-intensity magnetic field
Space potential drastically declines, and is reduced rapidly with electric probe potential difference, and the electric current of electric probe restores to initial value I0.PC machine, root
Come the time that calculating plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areas according to formula 3, i.e. electric probe current reverts to I0Time；
The connotation of formula 3 is：Ii(t) it is the I-t characteristic letters of electric probe 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4 of different installed positions
Number expression formula.In a electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) of i-th (i=1,2,3,4) of selection, utilizeIt acquires i-th of electric probe electric current I (t) and returns back to I0Time, i.e. plasma is from weak
The time t to escape at i-th of electrical resistivity survey pin position of field regioni *.This computational methods is to combine practical measurement situation in the present invention
The accurate computational methods of design.
Step A50 has acquired the slip time of magnetic well space plasma in the present inventionThis is meter
The magnetic well plasma confinement time is calculated, required parameter is provided.Formula 3 is reasonable, succinct in step A50.
Step A60：
According to the plasma filled time T under the magnetic well structure being calculated in step A40f, and in step A50
The time that the plasma being calculated is escaped from weak magnetic field areasAccording to formula 4, to calculate magnetic well knot
Plasma confinement time T under structurec；
The plasma confinement time is the difference of slip time and plasma filled time.Step A60 of the present invention is medium
The calculating of plasma confinement time, for the real-time I-t characteristic curves that each electric probe measures, with advanced computer essence
True algorithm is calculated, and ensure that the accuracy of result of calculation.The maximum value for taking the time difference obtained by 4 electric probes, to ensure
Plasma is escaped from magnetic well completely.
The connotation of formula 4 is：For each electric probe, calculating plasma slip time and plasma filled time
Time difference.Plasma filled time T under the magnetic well structure being calculated in step A40f.It is calculated in A50
The time that plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areasTo ensure that plasma is escaped completely from magnetic well space
Ease, the present invention take obtained plasma slip time and plasma filled time at 4 electric probes 1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4
Time difference maximum valueConfinement time T as plasmac.This describes method simply and is easy to manage
Solution, can intuitively reflect the confinement time parameter of plasma.
Step A60 realizes the measurement of plasma confinement time, by associated differences operation and comparison operation, more
Accurately complete the measurement of time parameter.Step A60 is core procedure, and calculation formula 4 is proposed in conjunction with measurement method.
Described above to be merely exemplary for the purpose of the present invention, and not restrictive, those of ordinary skill in the art understand,
In the case where not departing from spirit and scope defined by claims appended below, many modifications, variation or equivalent can be made,
But it falls in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. measuring the device of plasma time parameter under a kind of good clean refined magnetic well structure of drawing, the plasma in entire magnetic well space
Body is constrained to the annular region between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil, wherein interior hagfish coil diameter is 40cm, outer blind
Eel coil diameter is 70cm；
It is characterized in that, the device for measuring plasma time parameter under the clean refined magnetic well structure of the good drawing includes being sequentially connected
Electric probe and signal acquisition circuit (1), signal conditioning circuit (2), data collecting system (3) and PC machine (4)；Wherein,
Electric probe and signal acquisition circuit (1) include electric probe measurement module and signal acquisition module；The electric probe measures mould
Block includes 4 electric probes (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4), this 4 electric probes (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) are uniform in the direction of the clock
It is on the circumference of 275mm to be distributed in radius between interior hagfish coil and outer hagfish coil, wherein first electric probe (1-1) peace
Mounted in chute coil axis line position；One end of 4 electric probes (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) is connect with plasma (G), separately
One end is connect with one end of a divider resistance (1-5) respectively, the other end of each divider resistance (1-5) with a public direct-current
The anode connection of power supply (1-6), the cathode of the public direct-current power supply (1-6) connect with a current-limiting resistance after again with the grade from
Daughter (G) connects；The signal acquisition module is used to acquire the voltage waveform on divider resistance (1-5), and then collects each
Analog current I on divider resistance (1-5)i(t), and export 4 electric probes real-time I-t characteristic curves, wherein Ii(t) it is every
The I-t characterisitic function expression formulas of one electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4)；Choosing i-th (i=1,2,3,4) a electric probe (1-
1,1-2,1-3,1-4) when, the analog current on i-th of electric probe in time t is Ii(t)；
Signal conditioning circuit (2)：The analog current measured to electric probe and signal acquisition circuit (1) is amplified and filters, and
Export analog signal；
Data collecting system (3)：Including A/D conversion modules and data cache module；A/D conversion modules are by signal conditioning circuit
(2) analog signal exported is converted into digital signal, and data cache module carries out caching process to data；Data collecting system
(3) output digit signals；
PC machine (4)：Including sequentially connected digital filtering module, data memory module and image and data analysis module；Wherein,
Digital filtering module is filtered the digital signal of data collecting system (3) output, removes making an uproar for A/D transfer processes
Sound；Data memory module, by the filtered measurement data removed after making an uproar, in storage to specified data library；Image and data point
Module is analysed, according to the data obtained from data memory module, calculating plasma time parameter.
2. the good device for drawing measurement plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure as described in claim 1, feature exist
In：Electric probe is the tungsten filament of diameter 1.5mm.
3. the good device for drawing measurement plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure as described in claim 1, feature exist
In：Electric probe is the tungsten filament of diameter 0.3mm.
4. the good device for drawing measurement plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure as described in claim 1, feature exist
In：The data collecting system (3) is a PCI board card.
5. the good device for drawing measurement plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure as described in claim 1, feature exist
In：The data cache module is an a FIFO or RAM.
6. the good device for drawing measurement plasma time parameter under clean refined magnetic well structure as described in claim 1, feature exist
In：Described image and data analysis module, including image analysis module and data analysis module；Described image analysis module is used
In display I-t characteristic curves, simulation result and each time parameter；The data analysis module includes the analog current being sequentially connected
Acquire submodule, initial current computational submodule, entry time computational submodule, filling time computational submodule, slip time
Computational submodule, confinement time computational submodule, wherein：
Analog current acquires submodule：
It before plasma enters magnetic well, is powered for electric probe, acquires the analog current I on each divider resistance (1-5)i
(t), and export 4 electric probes real-time I-t characteristic curves；
Initial current computational submodule：
The real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe that submodule measures are acquired according to analog current, plasma is calculated and does not enter
Electric probe initial current I when magnetic well space0；
Entry time computational submodule：
According to the real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe that analog current acquisition submodule measures, according to formula 1, to calculate four electricity
Probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) flows through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4, this t1、t2、t3、t4As plasma via
Chute coil enters the time inside magnetic well；
Wherein, Ii(t) it is the I-t characterisitic function expression formulas of each electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4)；Choose i-th (i=1,
2,3,4) it when a electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4), utilizesDifferential algorithm acquire i-th of electric probe to the time
The time that the derivative of t is zero, as electric probe flow through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4；
Filling time computational submodule：
The electric probe obtained according to entry time computational submodule flows through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4, according to formula 2,
To calculate the plasma filled time T under magnetic well structuref；
Slip time computational submodule：
According to the calculated I of initial current computational submodule0, according to formula 3, to calculate electric probe current reverts to I0TimeThe time that plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areasAs plasma is from weak magnetic
The time of field areas escape；
Wherein, it in a electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) of i-th (i=1,2,3,4) of selection, utilizesIt acquires i-th of electric probe electric current I (t) and returns back to I0Time, i.e. plasma is from weak
The time t to escape at i-th of electrical resistivity survey pin position of field regioni *；
Confinement time computational submodule：
Plasma filled time T under the magnetic well structure being calculated according to filling time computational submodulef, and according to escape
The time that the plasma that time computational submodule is calculated is escaped from weak magnetic field areas According to formula 4,
To calculate the plasma confinement time T under magnetic well structurec；
Wherein, for each electric probe, the time difference of calculating plasma slip time and plasma filled time；It takes
The time difference of plasma slip time and plasma filled time is obtained in 4 electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) places
The maximum value of valueThe as confinement time T of plasmac。
7. under a kind of clean refined magnetic well structure of good drawing being applied in device as described in any one of claim 1-6 measurement etc. from
The method of daughter time parameter, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step A10：
It before plasma enters magnetic well, is powered for electric probe, acquires the analog current I on each divider resistance (1-5)i
(t), and export 4 electric probes real-time I-t characteristic curves；
Step A20：
The real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe measured according to step A10 are calculated when plasma does not enter magnetic well space
Electric probe initial current I0；
Step A30：
According to the real-time I-t characteristic curves of electric probe that step A10 is measured, according to formula 1, to calculate four electric probes (1-1,1-
2,1-3,1-4) flow through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4, this t1、t2、t3、t4As plasma via chute coil into
Enter the time inside magnetic well；
Wherein, Ii(t) it is the I-t characterisitic function expression formulas of each electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4)；Choose i-th (i=1,
2,3,4) it when a electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4), utilizesDifferential algorithm acquire i-th of electric probe to the time
The time that the derivative of t is zero, as electric probe flow through the maximum time t of electric current1、t2、t3、t4；
Step A40：
The maximum time t of electric current is flowed through according to the obtained electric probes of step A301、t2、t3、t4, according to formula 2, to calculate magnetic well knot
Plasma filled time T under structuref；
Step A50：
According to calculated I in step A200, according to formula 3, to calculate electric probe current reverts to I0TimeThe time that as plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areas；
Wherein, it in a electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) of i-th (i=1,2,3,4) of selection, utilizesIt acquires i-th of electric probe electric current I (t) and returns back to I0Time, i.e. plasma is from weak
The time t to escape at i-th of electrical resistivity survey pin position of field regioni *；
Step A60：
According to the plasma filled time T under the magnetic well structure being calculated in step A40f, and calculated in step A50
The time that obtained plasma is escaped from weak magnetic field areasAccording to formula 4, to calculate under magnetic well structure
Plasma confinement time Tc；
Wherein, for each electric probe, the time difference of calculating plasma slip time and plasma filled time；It takes
The time difference of plasma slip time and plasma filled time is obtained in 4 electric probe (1-1,1-2,1-3,1-4) places
The maximum value of valueThe as confinement time T of plasmac。
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