CN106951975B - System and method for optimizing battery number and charging rate of battery replacement station - Google Patents
System and method for optimizing battery number and charging rate of battery replacement station Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a system and a method for optimizing the number of batteries in a battery changing station and charging rate, wherein the system comprises a battery changing station, a battery parameter input unit, a battery life attenuation model library, a charging rate calculation unit and a battery number calculation unit; utilizing electrical and economic parameters of the battery replacement station and the battery and a battery life attenuation model; calculating the charging multiplying power by a method for minimizing annual expense of battery replacement of the power station; and further calculating the number of the batteries of the battery replacement station. The method can accurately calculate the optimal charging multiplying power of the power conversion station and the number of the configured batteries, and effectively guide the design of the scale of the power conversion station.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electric automobile battery replacement stations, and particularly relates to a system and a method for optimizing the number of batteries and charging rate of a battery replacement station.
Background
The charging and replacing power station is an energy station for providing charging and quick replacement of a power battery of the electric automobile. Electric vehicles require their electric energy to be replenished for continuous operation. The supplement of the electric energy can be divided into vehicle charging (fast charging, conventional charging and slow charging) and battery fast replacing.
At present, under the current situation that the number of used electric vehicles is rapidly increased, the charging time of the charging function in the charging and replacing power station is generally longer, so that the requirement of rapid charging of electric vehicle users cannot be met, the charging function is more and more concerned by industries and users, and the planning and construction of the charging and replacing power station are one of important subjects in the field.
In the construction of the power conversion station, one of the difficult problems to be solved is the determination of the number of batteries and the determination of the charging rate, which are important bases for the construction scale of the power conversion station.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for optimizing the number of batteries and the charging rate of a battery changing station, which are used for accurately calculating the optimal charging rate and the number of the batteries of the battery changing station.
The invention provides a system for optimizing the number of batteries in a battery changing station and charging rate, which comprises a battery changing station, a battery parameter input unit, a battery life attenuation model library, a charging rate calculation unit and a battery number calculation unit, wherein the battery life attenuation model library is used for storing the battery number and the charging rate;
the power conversion station and battery parameter input unit is configured to input power conversion station parameters and battery parameters;
the battery life decay model library is configured to store battery life decay models;
the charging multiplying power calculating unit is configured to select a battery life attenuation model according to the input power station changing parameters and battery parameters, and calculate the charging multiplying power by a method of minimizing annual cost expenditure of batteries of the power station changing;
the battery quantity calculating unit is configured to calculate the battery quantity of the battery replacing station according to the input battery replacing station parameters, the input battery parameters and the input charging rate.
Preferably, the data input by the power swapping station and battery parameter input unit comprises rated power p of the power swapping stationwCapacity C of single batterybPurchase price C of single batterybuyResidual value yield percentage beta%, battery service life k and annual maintenance cost C of single batterymb。
Preferably, the battery life decay model is a negative exponential function with the formula
f(Rc)＝A+B*exp(-k*Rc)
Wherein f (R)c) As a function of a model of the decay of battery lifeNumber, RcFor the charge magnification, A, B is a set constant.
Preferably, the battery life decay model is a linear function, and the specific formula is
f(Rc)＝A-k*Rc
Wherein f (R)c) As a function of a model of the decay of the battery life, RcFor the charge magnification, a is a set constant.
Preferably, the calculation method of the charging rate is as follows: calculating charging rate R by minimizing annual cost of battery replacement stationcThe annual cost of the battery replacement station is the sum of the annual battery purchase cost of the converted battery replacement station and the annual battery maintenance cost of the battery replacement station, and specifically is
min(CiY+CmY)
Wherein C isiYFor converted battery change stations yearly battery purchase costs, CmYThe annual battery maintenance cost for the battery replacement station;
preferably, the method for calculating the number of batteries in the battery replacement station comprises
Wherein N isbAnd adopting a ceiling function for the number of the batteries of the power station, and taking a minimum integer value which is larger than a calculation value at the right side of the formula.
Preferably, the system further comprises a power station initial investment calculation unit for calculating the power station initial investment amount PSi；
The data input by the power conversion station and battery parameter input unit also comprises a fixed investment amount Capex and an operation cost amount Opex;
initial investment limit P of power stationSiIs calculated by
PSi＝Capex+Opex+Nb*Cbuy。
The invention also provides a method for optimizing the number of batteries in the battery changing station and the charging rate, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, the input data includes rated power p of the power changing stationwCapacity C of single batterybPurchase price C of single batterybuyResidual value yield percentage beta%, battery service life k and annual maintenance cost C of single batterymbDetermining a battery life decay model function f (R)c)；
Step S2, calculating the charging multiplying factor R by minimizing the annual cost of replacing the battery of the power stationcThe annual cost of the battery replacement station is the sum of the annual battery purchase cost of the converted battery replacement station and the annual battery maintenance cost of the battery replacement station, and specifically is
min(CiY+CmY)
Wherein C isiYFor converted battery change stations yearly battery purchase costs, CmYThe annual battery maintenance cost for the battery replacement station;
step S3, calculating the battery number of the battery replacement station
Wherein N isbAnd adopting a ceiling function for the number of the batteries of the power station, and taking a minimum integer value which is larger than a calculation value at the right side of the formula.
Preferably, the battery life decay model function f (R)c) Is a negative fingerA numerical function or a linear function, having a pair formula as follows
Negative exponential function f (R)c)＝A+B*exp(-k*Rc)
Linear function f (R)c)＝A-k*Rc
Preferably, after the step S3, a step of calculating an initial investment of the power conversion station is further included, specifically, the step is
The input data also comprises a fixed investment amount Capex and an operation cost amount Opex;
calculating the initial investment amount P of the power stationSi，
PSi＝Capex+Opex+Nb*Cbuy
According to the method, the charging multiplying power is calculated by the method of minimizing annual expense of batteries of the battery replacement station through the parameters of the battery replacement station and the parameter information of the batteries, and the optimal charging multiplying power of the battery replacement station and the number of the configured batteries are accurately calculated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system framework for optimizing the number of batteries and the charging rate of a battery changing station according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention aims at the highest service efficiency of the power conversion station, and the service efficiency is defined as the lowest cost required by single service: the cost required for a single service is the total cost/total number of services.
Assuming the full-load operation of the power swapping station, the constraint of the total service times is mainly the rated power p of the power swapping stationwAnd a single cell capacity Cb。
In principle, the number of times of power change service provided every day is shown in formula (1)
Assuming that the total service capacity is not limited by the battery replacement time, that is, the battery replacement is not queued due to the excessively long battery replacement time, the total number of services per day is as shown in formula (2):
thus when p is said to be specific to a particular power station and batterywAnd CbAll determined total number of service times SdIs a fixed value, and the cost required for optimizing a single service is minimum, namely the total cost for optimization is minimum.
In addition, the charge rate R of the battery is in principlecAnd the number of cells NbSatisfy the relationship shown in formula (3)
Rc*Cb*Nb≤pw (3)
In the invention, for convenience of calculation, the charging multiplying power R of the battery is selectedcAnd the number of cells NbSatisfy the relationship shown in formula (4)
Rc*Cb*Nb＝pw (4)
The invention discloses a system for optimizing the number of batteries in a battery changing station and a charging rate, which comprises a battery changing station and battery parameter input unit, a battery life attenuation model library, a charging rate calculation unit and a battery number calculation unit;
the power conversion station and battery parameter input unit is configured to input power conversion station parameters and battery parameters; the input data comprises rated power p of the power conversion stationwCapacity C of single batterybPurchase price C of single batterybuyResidual value yield percentage beta%, battery service life k and annual maintenance cost C of single batterymb。
The battery life decay model library is configured to store battery life decay models; battery life decay model function f (R)c) Negative exponential function or linear function, corresponding to equation (5) and equation (6), respectively:
negative exponential function f (R)c)＝A+B*exp(-k*Rc) (5)
Linear function f (R)c)＝A-k*Rc (6)
Wherein f (R)c) As a function of a model of the decay of the battery life, RcFor the charge magnification, A, B is a set constant.
The charging multiplying power calculating unit is configured to select a battery life attenuation model according to the input power station changing parameters and the battery parameters, and calculate the charging multiplying power by a method of minimizing annual cost expenditure of batteries of the power station changing;
the calculation method of the charging multiplying power comprises the following steps: calculating charging rate R by minimizing annual cost of battery replacement stationcThe annual cost of the battery replacement station is the sum of the converted annual battery purchase cost of the battery replacement station and the annual battery maintenance cost of the battery replacement station, and is specifically shown in a formula (7)
min(CiY+CmY) (7)
Wherein C isiYFor converted battery change stations yearly battery purchase costs, CmYThe annual battery maintenance cost for the battery replacement station; the calculation formulas are respectively shown in formula (8) and formula (9)
The battery quantity calculating unit is configured to calculate the battery quantity of the battery replacing station according to the input battery replacing station parameters, the input battery parameters and the input charging rate.
The calculation method of the number of batteries in the battery replacement station is shown as a formula (10)
Wherein N isbAnd adopting a ceiling function for the number of the batteries of the power station, and taking a minimum integer value which is larger than a calculation value at the right side of the formula.
This implementationThe embodiment also comprises a power station initial investment calculation unit for calculating the power station initial investment amount PSi；
The data input by the power conversion station and battery parameter input unit also comprises a fixed investment amount Capex and an operation cost amount Opex;
initial investment limit P of power stationSiIs calculated as shown in equation (11)
PSi＝Capex+Opex+Nb*Cbuy (11)
The system for optimizing the battery quantity and the charging rate of the battery replacing station further comprises a battery replacing station total cost calculating module, wherein the battery replacing station total cost calculating module is used for calculating the total cost of the battery replacing station, factors such as fixed investment, operation cost, battery cost and subsidy are fully considered in the calculation of the total cost, and the calculation is as follows:
the total cost is fixed investment, operation cost, battery cost, other cost and subsidy;
wherein, the fixed investment comprises equipment cost, construction cost, starting contract cost and the like, and is characterized by one-time fixed investment, but depreciation and residual income need to be considered;
the operation cost comprises rent, electricity charge, flow charge, labor cost and the like, and is characterized by being in direct proportion to time;
the battery cost comprises purchase cost, maintenance cost and the like, and is characterized by being closely related to the number and the service life of the batteries;
other costs include carbon emissions costs, feed net revenue, PV revenue, etc.
The calculation of the total charging cost of the charging station is a conventional calculation method, and the description of this part is only for explaining the functional modules included in the system for optimizing the number of batteries and the charging rate of the charging station of the present invention, and the specific calculation method may adopt the above-described method or other methods for calculation.
The invention discloses a method for optimizing the number of batteries in a battery changing station and the charging rate, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, the input data includes rated power p of the power changing stationwCapacity C of single batterybPurchase price C of single batterybuyResidual value yield percentage beta%, battery service life k and annual maintenance cost C of single batterymbDetermining a battery life decay model function f (R)c)；
Battery life decay model function f (R)c) As a negative exponential function or a linear function, as shown in equation (5) and equation (6), respectively.
Step S2, calculating the charging multiplying factor R by minimizing the annual cost of replacing the battery of the power stationcThe annual cost of the battery replacement station is the sum of the converted annual battery purchase cost of the battery replacement station and the annual battery maintenance cost of the battery replacement station, and is specifically shown in a formula (7).
Wherein C isiYFor converted battery change stations yearly battery purchase costs, CmYThe annual battery maintenance cost for the battery replacement station; the calculation formulas are shown in formula (8) and formula (9), respectively.
Step S3, the method for calculating the number of batteries in the battery swapping station is shown in formula (10)
After the step S3, a step of calculating an initial investment of the power conversion station is further included, specifically, the method includes
The input data also comprises a fixed investment amount Capex and an operation cost amount Opex;
calculating the initial investment amount P of the power stationSiThe calculation method is shown in formula (11).
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for optimizing battery quantity and charge rate in a battery swapping station, the system configured to:
according to the arrangement request of the power swapping station;
determining the number of batteries of the battery replacing station based on an available battery replacing station optimization model;
the power conversion station optimization model comprises a power conversion station, a battery parameter input unit, a battery life attenuation model library, a charging rate calculation unit and a battery number calculation unit, wherein a plurality of battery life attenuation models are stored in the battery life attenuation model library;
the system is specifically configured to:
the power swapping station and battery parameter input unit in the power swapping station optimization model is configured as follows: receiving the placement request;
wherein the arrangement request comprises a power station changing parameter and a battery parameter;
the charging multiplying power calculation unit in the power swapping station optimization model is configured to: selecting a battery life attenuation model from the battery life attenuation model library according to the power station changing parameters and the battery parameters, and calculating the charging multiplying power by a method of minimizing annual cost expenditure of batteries of the power station changing;
the battery number calculation unit in the power change station optimization model is configured to: and calculating the number of batteries in the battery replacement station according to the battery replacement station parameters, the battery parameters and the charging multiplying power.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data inputted by the charging station and battery parameter input unit comprises rated power p of the charging stationwCapacity C of single batterybPurchase price C of single batterybuyResidual value yield percentage beta%, battery service life k and annual maintenance cost C of single batterymb。
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the battery life decay model is a negative exponential function, and the specific formula is
f(Rc)＝A1+B*exp(-k*Rc)
Wherein f (R)c) As a function of a model of the decay of the battery life, RcFor the charge magnification, a1 and B are set constants.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein the battery life decay model is a linear function, and the specific formula is
f(Rc)＝A2-k*Rc
Wherein f (R)c) As a function of a model of the decay of the battery life, RcFor the charging rate, a2 is a set constant.
5. The system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the charging rate is calculated by: calculating charging rate R by minimizing annual cost of battery replacement stationcThe annual cost of the battery replacement station is the sum of the annual battery purchase cost of the converted battery replacement station and the annual battery maintenance cost of the battery replacement station, and specifically is
min(CiY+CmY)
Wherein C isiYFor converted battery change stations yearly battery purchase costs, CmYThe annual battery maintenance cost for the battery replacement station;
6. the system of claim 5, wherein the number of batteries in the battery swapping station is calculated by
Wherein N isbThe number of batteries in the power station is changed.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising a power station initial investment meterA calculation unit for calculating the initial investment amount P of the power stationSi；
The data input by the power conversion station and battery parameter input unit also comprises a fixed investment amount Capex and an operation cost amount Opex;
initial investment limit P of power stationSiIs calculated by the method PSi＝Capex+Opex+Nb*Cbuy。
8. A method for optimizing the number of batteries in a battery changing station and the charging rate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1, receiving a power station arrangement request, and determining a battery life decay model function f (R) according to the arrangement requestc)；
Wherein, the arrangement request includes a power station changing parameter and a battery parameter, and specifically includes: rated power p of power conversion stationwCapacity C of single batterybPurchase price C of single batterybuyResidual value yield percentage beta%, battery service life k and annual maintenance cost C of single batterymbAnd the annual cost of replacing the batteries of the power station,
step S2, calculating the charging multiplying factor R by minimizing the annual cost of replacing the battery of the power stationc；
The annual cost of the battery changing station is the sum of the converted annual battery purchasing cost of the battery changing station and the annual battery maintenance cost of the battery changing station, and specifically comprises the following steps:
min(CiY+CmY)
wherein, CiYFor converted battery change stations yearly battery purchase costs, CmYThe method specifically comprises the following steps of for the annual battery maintenance cost of a power station:
step S3, according to the power station changing parameters, the battery parameters and the charging multiplying power RcAnd calculating the number of batteries in the battery replacement station:
wherein N isbThe number of batteries in the power station is changed.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the battery life decay model function f (R)c) Is a negative exponential function or a linear function, and has the following formula
Negative exponential function f (R)c)＝A1+B*exp(-k*Rc)
Linear function f (R)c)＝A2-k*Rc
Wherein A1, A2 and B are set constants.
10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, further comprising a step of calculating an initial investment of the power conversion station after step S3, specifically comprising the step of calculating an initial investment of the power conversion station
The input data also comprises a fixed investment amount Capex and an operation cost amount Opex;
calculating the initial investment amount P of the power stationSi，
PSi＝Capex+Opex+Nb*Cbuy。
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| CN107341582A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2017-11-10 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | Electrical changing station service ability Forecasting Methodology and system |
| JP6896937B2 (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2021-06-30 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | Server and management system |
| CN111177637B (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2023-06-02 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司大连供电公司 | Capacity allocation method for power battery of electric automobile power exchange station |
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