CN106950036A - A kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods - Google Patents
A kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN106950036A CN106950036A CN201710110005.3A CN201710110005A CN106950036A CN 106950036 A CN106950036 A CN 106950036A CN 201710110005 A CN201710110005 A CN 201710110005A CN 106950036 A CN106950036 A CN 106950036A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
- G01M11/0242—Testing optical properties by measuring geometrical properties or aberrations
Abstract
A kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods, comprise the following steps：1) camera pixel response is calibrated in the way of piecewise fitting；2) light spot image that dish face convergence sunlight is produced is shot；3) image is calibrated according to the camera response curve of fitting；4) Illumination Distribution of hot spot is estimated；5) energy density distribution of hot spot is estimated；6) quality of hot spot is judged according to the efficiency of optically focused, the shape of hot spot, size and distributing homogeneity, in heating head region, corresponding radiant power can not be excessive with the difference of mean power in region on each location of pixels, when it is more than given threshold, then it is assumed that Energy distribution is uneven.The invention provides a kind of effective detection dish-style Stirling Salar light-gatherings quality, safe, credible higher dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to condensing thermal power generation field in solar energy, it is related to the concentrator in the hot generation technologies of dish-style Stirling
Technical elements, especially a kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods.
Background technology
Continuous consumption and the severe contamination of air due to traditional energy, solar energy with its spatter property and infinite property, by
Increasing concern.In a variety of solar utilization techniques, dish-style Stirling technologies have highest photoelectric conversion effect
Rate.The sunlight that the technology converges its parallel optical axis using huge parabolic dish face forms the light of high-energy-density near focal point
Spot, i.e. radiation source, the radiation source promote it to operate as Stirling engine powers source, the connected hair of driven by engine
Motor rotation, and then realize luminous energy to electric transformation of energy.In the process, high-quality hot spot is to ensure equipment safety and efficient
The key of operating, therefore, before equipment investment use, the quality of dish face convergence hot spot needs to be detected.
The quality of hot spot is main by being constituted in terms of following four：Light gathering efficiency, the shape of hot spot, size and energy density point
The uniformity of cloth.Light gathering efficiency just refers to the ratio that engine is can be effectively used for through the solar irradiation that dish face is converged, and the parameter is determined
The efficiency of the photoelectric conversion of equipment is determined.The parameter that the shapes and sizes of hot spot should receive the heating head of radiation with engine is protected
Hold consistent.The uniformity of light spot energy Density Distribution directly determines that can equipment be used to generate electricity, and uneven hot spot will be led
Cause engine cisco unity malfunction, or even damage equipment.Because hot spot temperature is higher, traditional contact type measurement mode is difficult to full
The measurement of its quality of foot, so it needs a kind of special non-contact measurement mode, to realize that the dish face before equipment generating is gathered
Light quality is detected.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of prior art can not effective detection dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality, the present invention carries
A kind of effective detection dish-style Stirling Salar light-gatherings quality, safe, credible higher dish-style Stirling are supplied
Salar light-gathering quality determining method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods, comprise the following steps：
1) camera pixel response is calibrated in the way of piecewise fitting
The equipment of calibration is one can be controlled the LCD display and camera of brightness by computer, brightness that lcd screen show and
There is linear relationship between the controlled quentity controlled variable of computer, calibration process is：The brightness of screen is divided into 256 gradients by computer, and is shown respectively
Show to come, after operating personnel set camera parameter consistent with parameter when shooting light spot image, shoot each gradient screen intensity
Image；Afterwards, brightness of image camera shot controls the brightness of screen display to be depicted as curve with computer, and will at flex point
It is divided into three sections, and then it is fitted with the equation of higher order respectively, so far completes the fitting of camera response curve；
2) light spot image that dish face convergence sunlight is produced is shot
3) image is calibrated according to the camera response curve of fitting
After light spot image is obtained, according to step 1) in obtained camera response curve, the pixel value in image is mapped
Onto corresponding brightness value, that is, new hot spot intensity map is obtained, the picture after this calibration is used for body surface illumination
Estimation；
4) Illumination Distribution of hot spot is estimated
Hot spot picture obtains pixel value and hot spot surface in hot spot Luminance Distribution picture, luminance graph after camera response calibration
Irradiation level is linear, if picture somewhere brightness value is i, and the irradiation level on its corresponding hot spot is I, then：
I=n × i
Wherein, n is proportionality coefficient；
5) energy density distribution of hot spot is estimated
From body surface radiation intensity and the transforming relationship of irradiation level, if radiation intensity isThen
Wherein, m is constant；
If the intensity of solar radiation reflected in the unit area of dish face is 1000kWm-2；Again because the gross area that dish face is covered
, it is known that so the total radiant power for calculating its reflection is M, then the power θ on hot spot in single pixel region is expressed as：
Wherein, i represents the picture pixels brightness after calibration；
So far, light spot image is converted into power distribution image；
6) quality of hot spot is judged according to the efficiency of optically focused, the shape of hot spot, size and distributing homogeneity
In radiant power distribution map, the radiation in heating head region is Net long wave radiation, and it accounts for the ratio of total radiation, here
The referred to as light gathering efficiency in dish face；The shape of radiant power distribution map should be similar to engine heating head shapes, excessive or mistake
It is small all to influence light gathering efficiency；In heating head region, corresponding radiant power and mean power in region on each location of pixels
Difference can not be excessive, when its be more than given threshold when, then it is assumed that Energy distribution is uneven.
Further, the step 2) in, the screen of light spot received needs to carry water-cooling system, and is erected at engine in advance
On position；Camera needs to pre-set acquisition parameters, and plus neutral colour filter, is set up in front of hot spot receiving screen without sunlight
On the support being irradiated to；The shooting of image is by the way of remote control, under conditions of fine, operating personnel's control dish face
Sun tracking system is run so that dish face just to the sun, is projected on receiving screen parallel to the sunlight of dish face optical axis after the convergence of dish face,
Now control camera shoots light spot image.
The optically focused quality testing in dish face is to ensure that the important step that generating equipment is normally run is played.If dish face optically focused quality is closed
Lattice, then equipment be used directly for generate electricity.Conversely, optically focused dish face needs to be readjusted or replaces part composition minute surface.
But be due to that to be accumulated hot spot temperature higher, it is dangerous larger, so its quality be difficult to carry out using the method for contact it is direct
Measurement, and need a kind of special contactless measurement.
A kind of present invention, based on image processing techniques, it is proposed that effective contactless hot spot quality determining method.The party
Method gathers dish face using camera and converges the picture of hot spot, and picture is calibrated by camera response curve, obtains hot spot bright
Distribution map is spent, and then estimates glossing up power profile.The power profile of hot spot can be directly used for light gathering efficiency, hot spot shape
The analysis of shape, size and energy distribution of laser.So far, the detection of dish face optically focused quality is realized.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：The hot spot that dish face is converged is received by the plane with water-cooling system,
Camera is controlled to shoot hot spot photo by way of remote control, it is safe.Also, the invention utilizes high-quality LCD display planes
Response to camera is calibrated, and the fitting of camera response curve is realized in the way of piecewise fitting, it is ensured that hot spot power point
The accuracy of Butut estimation.The quality of hot spot is estimated by hot spot power profile, this method has higher credibility.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of reference picture 1, dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods, comprises the following steps：
1) camera pixel response is calibrated in the way of piecewise fitting
There is non-linear relation between the pixel response of camera and the illumination for being photographed body surface, therefore, if be intended to from figure
The brightness of picture estimates the illumination of body surface, it is necessary to be calibrated in advance to the response of camera；By the way of piecewise fitting
Realize that this is calibrated.The equipment of calibration is one can be controlled the LCD display and camera of brightness by computer, and the calibration is to lcd screen
Quality there are certain requirements, i.e., there is linear relationship between the brightness of screen display and the controlled quentity controlled variable of computer, calibration process is：Computer
The brightness of screen is divided into 256 gradients, and shown respectively, operating personnel set camera parameter with shooting during light spot image
Parameter it is consistent after, shoot each gradient screen intensity image；Afterwards, brightness of image camera shot controls screen with computer
The brightness of display is depicted as curve, and is classified as at flex point three sections, and then it is fitted with the equation of higher order respectively, intended
Conjunction method is least square method；The conventional equation of higher order is 6 ranks；So far the fitting of camera response curve is completed.
2) light spot image that dish face convergence sunlight is produced is shot
The shooting of hot spot is a relative complex process, because the temperature of hot spot is higher, and the process had both needed consideration to set
Standby safety problem, the problem of needing to consider picture quality again；The screen of light spot received needs to carry water-cooling system, and frame in advance
It is located on engine location；Camera needs to pre-set acquisition parameters, and plus neutral colour filter, is set up in before hot spot receiving screen
On the support that side is irradiated to without sunlight；The shooting of image is by the way of remote control, under conditions of fine, operating personnel
Control the sun tracking system operation in dish face so that dish face just to the sun, is projected parallel to the sunlight of dish face optical axis after the convergence of dish face
Onto receiving screen, camera is now controlled to shoot light spot image；
3) image is calibrated according to the camera response curve of fitting
After light spot image is obtained, according to step 1) in obtained camera response curve, the pixel value in image is mapped
Onto corresponding brightness value, that is, new hot spot intensity map is obtained, the picture after this calibration can be directly used for body surface
The estimation of illumination.
4) Illumination Distribution of hot spot is estimated
Hot spot picture obtains hot spot Luminance Distribution picture after camera response calibration, because the material and color of accepted screen
Unanimously, pixel value and hot spot surface irradiation degree are linear in luminance graph.If picture somewhere brightness value is i, its corresponding light
Irradiation level on spot is I, then：
I=n × i
Wherein, n is proportionality coefficient, because the material property for receiving screen surfaces is believed that unanimously, so it can be approximated to be often
Number.
5) energy density distribution of hot spot is estimated.From body surface radiation intensity and the transforming relationship of irradiation level, if
Radiation intensity isThen
Wherein, m is constant.Because solar radiation to earth surface radiation intensity be 1000kWm-2, so setting here
The intensity of solar radiation reflected in the unit area of dish face is 1000kWm-2.Again because dish face cover the gross area, it is known that
The total radiant power that its reflection can be calculated is M.Then the power on hot spot in single pixel region is represented by：
So far, light spot image conversion is for power profile picture.
6) quality of hot spot is judged according to the efficiency of optically focused, the shape of hot spot, size and distributing homogeneity
Stirling engines receive solar radiation using the heating head of circular ring type, i.e., be only accumulated on heating head
Emittance could be utilized by engine；In radiant power distribution map, the radiation in heating head region is Net long wave radiation, its
The ratio of total radiation is accounted for, referred to herein as the light gathering efficiency in dish face；The shape of radiant power distribution map should be heated with engine
Head shapes are similar, excessive or too small will all influence light gathering efficiency；In heating head region, corresponding radiation on each location of pixels
Power can not be excessive with the difference of mean power in region, when it is more than certain threshold value, then it is assumed that Energy distribution is uneven.
The optically focused quality testing in dish face is to ensure the important step that generating equipment is normally run.If dish face optically focused quality is closed
Lattice, then equipment be used directly for generate electricity.Conversely, optically focused dish face needs to be readjusted or replaces part composition minute surface.
But, higher due to being accumulated hot spot temperature, dangerous larger, its quality is difficult to directly be surveyed using the method for contact
Amount, and need a kind of special contactless measurement.
A kind of present invention, based on image processing techniques, it is proposed that effective contactless hot spot quality determining method.The party
Method gathers dish face using camera and converges the picture of hot spot, and picture is calibrated by camera response curve, obtains hot spot bright
Distribution map is spent, and then estimates glossing up power profile.The power profile of hot spot can be directly used for dish face light gathering efficiency, hot spot
The analysis of shape, size and energy distribution of laser.So far, the detection of dish face optically focused quality is realized.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating to the way of realization of inventive concept, protection of the invention
Scope is not construed as being only limitted to the concrete form that embodiment is stated, protection scope of the present invention is also and in art technology
Personnel according to present inventive concept it is conceivable that equivalent technologies mean.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
1) camera pixel response is calibrated in the way of piecewise fitting
The equipment of calibration is one can be controlled the LCD display and camera of brightness, brightness and computer that lcd screen is shown by computer
Controlled quentity controlled variable between there is linear relationship, calibration process is：The brightness of screen is divided into 256 gradients by computer, and is shown respectively
Come, after operating personnel set camera parameter consistent with parameter when shooting light spot image, shoot each gradient screen intensity image；
Afterwards, brightness of image camera shot controls the brightness of screen display to be depicted as curve with computer, and by its point at flex point
For three sections, then it is fitted with the equation of higher order respectively, the fitting of camera response curve is so far completed；
2) light spot image that dish face convergence sunlight is produced is shot；
3) image is calibrated according to the camera response curve of fitting
After light spot image is obtained, according to step 1) in obtained camera response curve, the pixel value in image is mapped to pair
On the brightness value answered, that is, new hot spot intensity map is obtained, the picture after this calibration is used for the estimation of body surface illumination；
4) Illumination Distribution of hot spot is estimated
Hot spot picture obtains pixel value and hot spot surface irradiation in hot spot Luminance Distribution picture, luminance graph after camera response calibration
Degree is linear, if picture somewhere brightness value is i, and the irradiation level on its corresponding hot spot is I, then：
I=n × i
Wherein, n is proportionality coefficient；
5) energy density distribution of hot spot is estimated
From body surface radiation intensity and the transforming relationship of irradiation level, if radiation intensity isThen
Wherein, m is constant；
If the intensity of solar radiation reflected in the unit area of dish face is 1000kWm-2；And because the gross area that dish face is covered is
Know, so the total radiant power for calculating its reflection is M, then the power θ on hot spot in single pixel region is expressed as：
Wherein, i represents the picture pixels brightness after calibration；
So far, light spot image is converted into power distribution image；
6) quality of hot spot is judged according to the efficiency of optically focused, the shape of hot spot, size and distributing homogeneity
In radiant power distribution map, the radiation in heating head region is Net long wave radiation, and it accounts for the ratio of total radiation, is referred to as here
For the light gathering efficiency in dish face；The shape of radiant power distribution map should to engine heating head shapes it is similar, it is excessive or it is too small all
Light gathering efficiency will be influenceed；In heating head region, the difference of corresponding radiant power and mean power in region on each location of pixels
Value can not be excessive, when it is more than given threshold, then it is assumed that Energy distribution is uneven.
2. a kind of dish-style Stirling Salar light-gathering quality determining methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described
Step 2) in, the screen of light spot received needs to carry water-cooling system, and is erected in advance on engine location；Camera needs advance
Acquisition parameters are set, and plus neutral colour filter, are set up on the support being irradiated in front of hot spot receiving screen without sunlight；Image
Shoot using remote control by the way of, under conditions of fine, the sun tracking system in operating personnel's control dish face is run so that dish
Face just to the sun, projects on receiving screen after the convergence of dish face parallel to the sunlight of dish face optical axis, now controls camera pickup light
Spot image.
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| CN107356413A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-17 | 广东工业大学 | Fresnel mirror detection means |
| CN114326326A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳市先地图像科技有限公司 | Power control method and system for laser direct imaging equipment and related equipment |
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| CN107300261A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-10-27 | 大连鉴影光学科技有限公司 | Angle evaluation and optimization spotlight effect and hot spot approximating method are surveyed by minute surface |
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