CN106948875A - The method and vibration absorber in jet vibration damping regulation steam turbine sealing gland gap - Google Patents
The method and vibration absorber in jet vibration damping regulation steam turbine sealing gland gap Download PDFInfo
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- CN106948875A CN106948875A CN201710146916.1A CN201710146916A CN106948875A CN 106948875 A CN106948875 A CN 106948875A CN 201710146916 A CN201710146916 A CN 201710146916A CN 106948875 A CN106948875 A CN 106948875A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
- F01D11/20—Actively adjusting tip-clearance
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- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The method and vibration absorber in jet vibration damping regulation steam turbine sealing gland gap, it is related to the method and vibration absorber in sealing gland gap at the top of a kind of jet vibration damping regulation Steam Turbines.When solving air loss at reduction Steam Turbines top sealing gland now, only with passive reply rotor radial bounce, the problem of bringing other unfavorable factors.The scheme of method and apparatus is that steam turbine is reached after rated speed, and regulation is arranged on the righting device assembly at dividing plate endoporus, makes top bearing shell and lower bearing in righting device assembly progressively tend to close up and around turbine spindle, to reduce the circular runout of turbine spindle；Top bearing shell and lower bearing surface are provided with uniform micro- stomata, and the inlet end of micro- stomata is respectively communicated with plenum chamber formation air cushion.Finally air seal component at the top of regulation Steam Turbines, makes the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane gradually be drawn in turbine blade outer surface, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method in sealing gland gap at the top of a kind of jet vibration damping regulation Steam Turbines and vibration absorber.
Background technology
Steam turbine is that level is its most basic job note by a kind of dynamic power machine that the thermal energy of steam is mechanical energy
Member, each moving blades of level by nozzle and thereafter are constituted in structure, and it is kinetic energy that steam, which enters its thermal energy after nozzle, so
Enter movable vane afterwards, to movable vane piece with impulsive force, impeller is rotated and is exported mechanical work.
Large-size steam turbine is exactly to be made up of multiple levels, and each level is made up of dynamic and static two parts, therefore whole steam turbine
Just it is made up of dynamic and static two parts.There must be certain gap between the rotation of steam turbine and stationary part, to prevent phase mutual friction.
Because inside and outside cylinder, before and after dividing plate and movable vane both sides have pressure difference, and one must be kept between corresponding sound part everywhere
Fixed gap is so that they will not collide, it is therefore necessary to set sealing gland.
The packing of steam turbine is divided into according to the position difference of installation：Shaft end gland seal (abbreviation axle envelope), diaphragm gland and through-flow
Part packing, is respectively intended to prevent the leakage of the shaft end of steam turbine, dividing plate and movable vane overhead vapor, and it is to prevent outer respectively that it, which is acted on,
Boundary's air enters steam turbine, is mixed with the steam in steam turbine, reduces steam leakage, so as to reduce rate of water make-up and prevent a high position
The working media of energy can flow to low level.As the consumable accessory and essential element of steam turbine, the packing of steam turbine increasingly causes
It is engaged in the concern of the engineers and technicians of Design of Steam Turbine.
From the test result of steam turbine operation can be seen that stage between steam leak cause unit internal efficiency reduction,
Leakage losses accounts for the 29% of grade total losses, and wherein leakage losses then accounts for the 80% of total leakage losses at the top of movable vane, than stator blade or dynamic
The profile loss or secondary flow loss of leaf are also big, and the latter only accounts for and 15% is lost in level.In recent years with seal system for steam turbine not
Disconnected development, the security reliability and generatine set heat efficiency of steam turbine operation are all correspondingly improved.In order to reduce air loss, carry
High unit safety and economy, domestic and international relevant department are transformed and designed to traditional packing, have been occurred in that successively many new
Type packing.Current existing packing mainly has following several：
(1) tooth-like (labyrinth type) packing is dredged
It is widely used in traditional packing predominantly labyrinth gland of large, medium and small type steam turbine at present.Labyrinth gland
In, serrate-type steam seal is because of its packing low cost, simple in construction, safe and reliable and be widely used being easily installed.Its structure is such as
Fig. 3.
Because the packing product is a kind of contactless rigid seal, gap is too small, and gland sealing gear is just easy to touch with rotor
Mill, but also safety problem can be brought because two rigidity touch mill.Problem present in use has：
(1) due to opening the reasons such as machine excessively critical, abnormal vibrations are overproof, flow-induced vibration, gland sealing gear can all caused permanently
Abrasion, cause the increase of seal clearance at double, that is to say, that maintenance and have very much can the labyrinth clearance adjusted meticulously when installing
Just it can be ground big when first time starting critical, for old unit, such case is more obvious.Therefore in view of rotor
The vibration of critical speed is crossed, radial clearance is generally 0.60~0.80mm when traditional comb-tooth-type labyrinth gland is installed, according to rotor
Different situations, some gaps are bigger.The leakage flow of labyrinth seal steeply rises with the increase of pressure difference, and its leakage efficiency is anxious
Play declines, and is shown according to related statistics, and steam turbine clearance adjustment often increases 0.0254mm, mean power loss about 4~5kW.
(2) when gland sealing gear touches mill with axle, moment produces amount of heat, causes axle hot-spot, in some instances it may even be possible to cause
Permanent bending of rotor, so in unit maintenance, power plant can only tune up packing radial clearance, be ensured using sacrificing economy as cost
The security of unit.
(3) spring leaf due to gland blocks in actual motion is chronically in the steam of HTHP, and working environment is disliked
It is bad, the reason for along with spring leaf material itself, in overhaul of steam turbine it is often found that because spring leaf elasticity is bad, gland blocks because
Fouling, which is stuck, causes labyrinth clearance to change.
(4) inhomogeneities of labyrinth seal annular compartment, is the major reason for producing steam flow excitation, and turbine high-pressure turns
The steam flow excitation that son is produced jeopardizes the safe operation of unit once being difficult to solve.
(2) Honeycomb steam seal
When the Throttle Principle of honeycomb seal is airflow passes honeycomb, vortex is formed under certain flow velocity and gap, and is produced
Raw damping.But under actual motion condition, the condition that vortex is formed can not be met, good vortex is hardly formed and shows
As.Its structure is still a kind of rigid seal, once touching mill will result in permanent abrasion, and gap increases therewith.Gap
When too small, open machine and easily seize, cause machine difficult, the excessive then sealing effectiveness in gap is poor, therefore honeycomb is generally used for low pressure end
Level leaf top wet-steam region.
Honeycomb steam seal makes a concession structure still using the back plate spring structure of traditional packing, so installing gap typically takes tradition
The upper limit of packing radial clearance design load.Easy to wear, gap can not recover, if gap is too small or non-homogeneous expansion can cause cellular band
Contacted with rotor (or shroud) face, vibration the aggravation even situation of rotor locking may be caused.
(3) selfregulated glandpacking (brandon steam-glanding)
The operation principle of brandon steam-glanding is to change to overcome spring force by front and rear pressure differences at different levels, plays regulation gas
Seal the effect in gap.Vibrated when the unit existed which solves traditional sealing gland is opened, rotor present in stopping process is excessively critical
It is excessive and the problem of cause sealing gland to touch and rub, also solved critical vibrations and cause what is forever increased to ask in sealing gland gap greatly
Topic, adapts to the change adjust automatically seal clearance of unit load.The general sealing gland is used for high-pressure section dividing plate, because here
The front and rear pressure difference of stage can meet needs, and mesolow part and axle envelope are not applied to then, and diameter is excessive at leaf top, such as
Fruit uses the gaping of joints at Bu Laideng sealing glands, every adjacent two pieces of sealing glands to reserve will be very big, therefore leakage formed here
Amount may not necessarily compensate the income obtained after the adjustment of sealing gland gap.
In addition, in startup and initial load stage, sealing gland ring under the action of the spring, in fully open position, now between sealing gland
Gap is maximum, and air leakage is big, and rotor heating is fast, if cylinder heating is delayed, larger just swollen difference easily occurs.
In addition, such a sealing is higher to water quality requirement.Longtime running is likely to result in spring fouling, fatigue failure and can not grown
Phase keeps sensitive self-adjusting effect, and unit is again started up rubbing occur because gap is smaller, it is possible to create vibration.
(4) contact packing
" contact sealing gland " is the diaphragm seal that an embedded circle can directly be contacted with axle in the middle of traditional comb-tooth-type sealing gland block, and
And can automatically be made a concession under the effect of spring leaf elastic force, to ensure to contact with axle all the time, belong to flexible sealing, it adapts to rotor
Bounce.But contacted for a long time with axial plane, frictional heat, intensity and physical characteristic of material etc. are had higher requirements, and the heat produced
If amount can not drain in time, the serious problems such as overheating deforming may be caused.
(5) side tooth packing
It is to be transformed on a high tooth of broach packing, adds 1-2 roads edge again on the direction perpendicular to gland sealing gear
Axially extending tooth form.Its principle is to form vortex when air-flow runs into this stairstepping tooth, plays damping action.But
Such a packing is limited to axial gap, still can not solve the problem of abrasion post gap permanently increases, the effect of side tooth damping
As the increase in gap and have a greatly reduced quality.
(6) DAS packings
Also cry " canine tooth packing ".Its structure is similar with broach, but the tooth of gland blocks both sides increases thickening, and uses ferrite
High-abrasive material.If it happens touched and rubbed when starting shooting critical, just only with canine tooth grazing, other teeth are protected, but the packing with
Axle can cause unit vibration when rubbing.
(7) adjustable steam seal
When steam turbine crosses critical speed, vibration can be increased, if gap is too small, will result in sound friction, influence safety.
Adjustable sealing is packing segmental arc is maintained larger gap using spring force in start-up course.After by critical speed,
By steam pressure compression spring, reduce packing segmental arc gap.
Vibration increases the influence worn and torn to packing during adjustable steam seal address only start and stop, but in unit operation
The vibration caused by other factorses is increased, and adjustable steam seal can not avoid friction.In addition, the long-term rust of spring in high temperature environments
Erosion easilys lead to elastic failure, and effect is undesirable in actual applications.
(8) brush steam seal
Brush seal is applied in aero-engine earliest, and Hou You GE companies are used on industrial combustion gas formula steam turbine.Should
In sealing, dielectric leakage is occurred mainly in the micro gap formed between the fine wire of dense arrangement, these gap institute shapes
Into zigzag path ensure that the inhomogeneities that fluid flows wherein, fluid is produced from sealing effect, so as to reduce leakage.
The bristle of highdensity high temperature cobalt-base alloys fine wire composition, can be indeformable with resistance to more than 1200 degrees Celsius of high temperature.Operation
When brush wire bundle be similar to shelter-forest wind effects, play sealing effectiveness.The packing belongs to flexible sealing, is adapted to rotor wink
State is beated and keeps gap constant.Influence to unit safety is smaller.It has the disadvantage：Brush filament is expensive, and processing technology will
Ask higher, cost is higher.
In summary：(1) traditional thin tooth-like packing and Honeycomb steam seal be without the possibility for further reducing labyrinth clearance again,
The design of air loss can not be carried out reducing again.(2) although selfregulated glandpacking and adjustable steam seal can pass through automatic or manual
Mode changes the gap between stator and rotor, but circular runout when being merely capable of tackling critical speed increases suddenly；No
The unexpected increase of rotor radial bounce that other reasons are caused can be tackled.Use spring part in other two kinds of packings, and vapour
High temperature, high humidity environment inside turbine unavoidably reduce the service life of two kinds of packings.(3) contact packing, DAS
Although packing, brush steam seal reduce the gap even eliminated between stator and rotor, friction is added, steam turbine is reduced
Safety；Although taking the measure of influence when reducing stator and friction rotor, generate therewith in friction part material
Particular/special requirement, or even improve steam turbine cost.
In order to reduce air loss, although above-mentioned packing component all considers the circular runout of rotor to reducing in design
Labyrinth clearance adverse effect, but be all by the way of passively tackling, not have when tackling these adverse effects
Consider to reduce the active mode that rotor radial is beated, therefore while obtaining certain effect, other unfavorable factors can be brought.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve prior art when reducing air loss at sealing gland at the top of Steam Turbines, only
Only with passive reply rotor radial bounce, while certain effect is obtained, the problem of other unfavorable factors being brought.In addition
The present invention eliminates spring part at the top of the movable vane in the structure of sealing gland, it is to avoid the infringement that high temperature, high humidity are caused to spring.
The present invention is realized by following step：
First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and turbine blade of air seal component at the top of the movable vane of steam turbine
Gap between outer surface is between 1.5 to 10 millimeters；
2nd, steam turbine is reached after rated speed, and regulation is arranged on the righting device assembly at dividing plate endoporus, makes righting device assembly
On top bearing shell and lower bearing progressively tend to close up and around turbine spindle, to reduce the circular runout of turbine spindle；
The righting device assembly includes the Inner arc of top bearing shell, lower bearing and radial direction propulsion plant, top bearing shell and lower bearing
Surface is provided with uniform micro- stomata, and the inlet end of micro- stomata is respectively communicated with what is set on the external arc surface of top bearing shell and lower bearing
Plenum chamber, micro- stomata and plenum chamber constitute air-channel system, and plenum chamber is communicated with micro- stomata makes top bearing shell and lower bearing
Inner surface formation air cushion, the outer surface of plenum chamber and the front end surface of radial direction propulsion plant are fixed, and radial direction propulsion plant is set
In the mounting hole opened on the bore area of dividing plate；
3rd, air seal component at the top of regulation Steam Turbines, makes the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane to steam turbine leaf
Piece outer surface is gradually drawn in, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter；Sealing gland at the top of the movable vane
Component includes air seal component at the top of screw-nut body, air sealing, decelerator and motor, movable vane and is embedded in steam turbine gas chamber shell
Inwall in, motor drives air sealing to be moved along the radial direction of turbine spindle by decelerator and screw-nut body.
The solution have the advantages that：The circular runout of turbine spindle by centralizer component constraint, so that adjusting
Gap becomes easy at sealing gland at the top of section Steam Turbines, therefore, it is possible to finally make at the top of movable vane the bore area of air seal component with
When it is lower limit, compare labyrinth sealing between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter in the gap of blade outer surface therebetween
Gap value it is small 3 times, it is also smaller than contact seal gap.When the dynamic balancing of turbine spindle is deteriorated, regulation can gradually become
In higher limit.But it is due to that this constraint exists always, while the effect that steam leakage amount reduces is obtained, moreover it is possible in steam
During pressure oscillation, reduce steam turbine shaft run-out, maintain the stabilization of steam turbine operation.Furthermore it is also possible at any time according to vapour
Turbine running status, dynamic regulation righting device assembly is between at sealing gland at the top of the degree of restraint and Steam Turbines of turbine spindle
Gap.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram in the impulsive style steam turbine sealing gland gap of prior art；Wherein reference 1-1 be dividing plate (or
Fixed blade ring) sealing gland radial clearance, 1-2 is sealing gland radial clearance at the top of movable vane, and 1-3 is at sealing gland axial gap or movable vane root
Axial sealing gland gap；Fig. 2 is the packing use state schematic diagram of prior art；Reference 2-1 is partition body in figure, and 2-2 is
Rotor blade, 2-3 is sealing gland ring, and sealing gland ring is in the packing groove of dividing plate inner circle；Fig. 3 is interdigitated electrode structure labyrinth seal schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of side tooth sealing gland；Reference 4-1 is spring in figure, and reference 4-2 is sealing gland circle；Fig. 5 is brush
The principle schematic of packing；Reference 5-1 is the pivot angle of bristle in figure, and 5-2 is rotor；Arrow in figure is the motion of rotor
Direction；Fig. 6 is air seal component structural representation at the top of the movable vane of the present invention；Fig. 7 be in Fig. 6 A to schematic diagram；Fig. 8 is centralizer
The attachment structure schematic diagram of component and dividing plate；Fig. 9 is the structural representation of righting device assembly；Figure 10 is righting device assembly and dividing plate
Sealing gland, the attachment structure schematic diagram of turbine spindle.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6 to Fig. 9.The jet vibration damping adjusts vapour
The method in turbine sealing gland gap is achieved by the steps of：
Step one：Steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area and steam turbine of air seal component at the top of the movable vane of steam turbine
Clearance t between blade outer surface is between 1.5 to 10 millimeters；
Step 2: steam turbine is reached after rated speed, regulation is arranged on the righting device assembly at dividing plate endoporus, makes centralizer
Top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 on component progressively tend to close up and around turbine spindle 9-3, to reduce turbine spindle
9-3 circular runout；When original state, the inner surface and steamer of top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 in righting device assembly
The distance on owner axle 9-3 surfaces can be 5 to 10 millimeters.
The righting device assembly includes top bearing shell 9-1, lower bearing 9-2 and radial direction propulsion plant I, top bearing shell 9-1 and lower axle
Watt 9-2 Inner arc surface is provided with uniform micro- stomata 9-4, and micro- stomata 9-4 inlet end is respectively communicated with top bearing shell 9-1 and lower axle
Plenum chamber 9-5, micro- stomata 9-4 and plenum chamber 9-5 the composition air-channel system set on watt 9-2 external arc surface, high pressure
Air chamber 9-5 is communicated with micro- stomata 9-4 makes top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 inner surface formation air cushion, and plenum chamber 9-5's is outer
Surface and radial direction propulsion plant I front end surface are fixed, and radial direction propulsion plant I is arranged on what is opened on dividing plate 9-6 bore area
In mounting hole；Air pressure in the plenum chamber 9-5 can be built by drawing a pneumatic circuit from steam turbine air distribution system
Vertical and holding.
Step 3: air seal component at the top of regulation Steam Turbines, make the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane to steamer
Machine blade 6-12 is gradually drawn in outer surface, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter；The movable vane
Top air seal component includes air seal component at the top of screw-nut body, air sealing, decelerator and motor, movable vane and is embedded in steam turbine
On gas chamber shell 6-1 inwall, motor drives radial direction side of the air sealing along turbine spindle by decelerator, screw-nut body
To motion；The selection of Motor stepper motor, stepper motor is controlled by stepper motor impulse generator and host computer
Action, motor, decelerator and screw-nut body formation driving-chain so that the bore area of air sealing is to turbine blade 6-12
The average speed that outer surface is gradually drawn in is controlled below 0.06 mm/second.In order to obtain than larger gear ratio, decelerator can
To select planetary reducer.
Air seal component is by two semitight circle 6-11 of structure identical and at least four groups transmission mechanism groups at the top of the movable vane
Into the two ends for curving the semitight circle 6-11 of semi-annular shape respectively set one group of transmission mechanism；Every group of transmission mechanism includes driven tooth
Wheel 6-2, driving gear 6-3, the first positioning bearing 6-4, driving gear shaft 6-5, second position bearing 6-6, motor and subtracted
Fast device 6-7, the 3rd positioning bearing 6-8, drive screw 6-9 and swivel nut 6-10, semitight circle 6-11 are inlaid in steam turbine air chamber shell
In the groove 6-13 of body 6-1 medial surfaces, motor and decelerator 6-7 are inlaid in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1, swivel nut 6-10
One end be connected with semitight circle 6-11 lateral surface, its connect can using ball pivot by the way of and consideration four drive screw 6-
9 are parallel to each other, and drive screw 6-9 one end is screwed in the swivel nut 6-10 other end, the drive screw 6-9 other end with it is driven
Gear 6-2 is coaxially fixed, and driven gear 6-2 is engaged with driving gear 6-3, driving gear 6-3 and driving gear shaft 6-5 one end
Connection, the driving gear shaft 6-5 other end is connected with the rotary shaft of motor and decelerator 6-7, and driving gear shaft 6-5 passes through
First positioning bearing 6-4 and the second positioning bearing 6-6 are arranged in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1, and drive screw 6-9 passes through the 3rd
Bearing 6-8 is positioned to be arranged in steam turbine gas chamber shell 6-1.Two semitight circle 6-11 form whole circle after being interlocked.
Present embodiment is used for impulsive style steam turbine, and its turbine spindle is setting a diameter of 620 at righting device assembly
Millimeter.Turbine spindle two ends set diameter at the diameter of axle of bearing about at 300 to 400 millimeters, to be typically chosen turbine spindle
Middle part set righting device assembly.Present embodiment is provided with centralizer group in the about centre position of turbine spindle
Part, equivalent to an intermediate supports are added, significantly improves the stressing conditions of shafting structure.
Embodiment two：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 8.Present embodiment and embodiment party
Formula one is compared：This method also includes two groups of range sensor 6-14 and one group of vibrating sensor 8-1, one group of range sensor
6-14 is arranged on air sealing 6-11 to measure gaps and steamer of the air sealing 6-11 with turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces in real time
The circular runout of machine blade 6-12 outer surfaces；Another group of range sensor 6-14 is arranged on top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2
On, jumped with measuring top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 and turbine spindle 9-3 gap and turbine spindle 9-3 radial direction in real time
It is dynamic；One group of vibrating sensor 8-1 is arranged on top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing the 9-2 back side to gather vibration data.
In second step also include following technological means, make top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 in righting device assembly by
During step tends to close up and surround turbine spindle 9-3, top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 and steamer owner are gathered in real time
The change and turbine spindle 9-3 circular runout of pressure in axle 9-3 gap, plenum chamber 9-5, if the reduction in gap,
The rising of pressure continuity synchronous with the reduction of bounce in plenum chamber 9-5, then continue to make top bearing shell 9-1 in righting device assembly with
Lower bearing 9-2 progressively tends to the action closed up；When detect in the reduction for gap occur and plenum chamber 9-5 the rising of pressure with
During the situation that the reduction of bounce can not synchronously continue, stopping makes what top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 in righting device assembly closed up
Action.Regulation terminates rear top bearing shell and lower bearing and the gap T of turbine spindle commonly reaches 0.10 to 0.30 millimeter, steam turbine
Main shaft run-out is between 0.08 to 0.12 millimeter.Pressure in plenum chamber is typically chosen 15 to 20MPa.In the early stage,
Due to bearing shell from turbine spindle farther out, with the reduction plenum chamber 9-5 in gap pressure do not rise, turbine spindle
Circular runout will not synchronously reduce, and this period keeps what top bearing shell 9-1 and lower bearing 9-2 was moved to turbine spindle 9-3
Action, until pressure rises in plenum chamber 9-5.In order that the cushion stiffness set up in plenum chamber is more preferably, can be by
The top bearing shell position corresponding with lower bearing and turbine spindle is designed to the shape for being conducive to air cushion to keep, such as on axle
Set annular rib band to reduce the gas leakage of bearing shell end, set at micro- stomata of inner surface of bearing bush and deposit gas recessed channel etc..
Other technological means are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three：Present embodiment is illustrated with reference to Fig. 8.Third step also includes following technology hands
Section, during the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane is drawn in turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces, collection in real time
Air sealing and gap, the circular runout of turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces and the vibrating sensor of turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces
The vibration data of 8-1 collections, it is abnormal if there is vibration data to ensure that the numerical value in gap is consistently greater than the numerical value of circular runout
Increase, then at the top of the movable vane of counteragent increase immediately bore area and the turbine blade 6-12 outer surfaces of air seal component away from
From, when before vibration data returning to abnormal increase, then recovery operation.Vibration data increase extremely refers to gas at the top of movable vane
Sealing assembly amplifies 1 times or so in the amplitude of 0.5 second internal vibration ripple.
Other technological means are identical with embodiment two.It is arranged such, it is to avoid because steam pressure becomes in steam turbine
The dynamic fluctuation of service caused makes the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane occur grazing to turbine blade outer surface suddenly.
In the event of small grazing, after vibrating sensor 8-1 collects signal, make a concession immediately, after stable, then carry out gap tune
Section.
Embodiment four：The difference of present embodiment and embodiment two is, further that range sensor is excellent
First selection is eddy current displacement sensor, and vibrating sensor prioritizing selection is moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors.Current vortex is sensed
Device can statically and dynamically noncontact, high linearity, measure to high-resolution metal conductor measured away from detecting head surface distance.In height
In fast rotating machinery and the analysis of reciprocating machine performance, vibration research and analysis measurement, to non-contacting high accuracy vibration, position
Shifting signal, many kinds of parameters of rotor oscillation state can be continuously collected exactly.Such as the radial vibration of axle, amplitude and axial position
Put.Moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors are structurally characterized in that：Steel circular housing, the inside aluminum frame is by cylindrical permanent magnet
It is integrally fixed with shell, there is an aperture in the middle of permanent magnet, coil and damping ring, core is erected in the mandrel two ends through aperture
Axle two ends support built on stilts and are connected with shell by circular film.During work, sensor is rigidly connected with testee, works as object
During vibration, sensor outer housing and permanent magnet vibrate therewith, and overhead mandrel, coil and damping ring are because inertia without shaking therewith
It is dynamic.Thus, in magnetic circuit space coil cutting magnetic line and produce the induced electromotive force for being proportional to vibration velocity, the output of coil
Measuring circuit is output to by lead., can be with design protection housing and guarantor due to the environment of steam turbine internal high temperature and high humility
Sheath, is protected to sensor and wire.
Other technological means are identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment five：Present embodiment, present embodiment and embodiment one are illustrated with reference to Figure 10
Difference be that the radial direction propulsion plant I of the righting device assembly includes tooth bar 10-1, gear 10-2 and motor and decelerator
Cavity 10-6 is provided with 10-3, partition board of steam turbine 9-6, tooth bar 10-1, gear 10-2 and motor and decelerator 10-3 are arranged on chamber
In body 10-6, radial arrangements of the tooth bar 10-1 along turbine spindle 9-3, tooth bar 10-1 one end pass cavity 10-6 and with it is upper
Bearing shell 9-1 or lower bearing the 9-2 back side are mutually fixed, and the cross section of the tooth bar 10-1 is rectangle, and cavity 10-6 is in tooth bar 10-1
The position passed forms to set in the guide slide 10-7 that cross section is rectangle, the cavity 10-6 of the tooth bar 10-1 other end and is oriented to
Set 10-8, guide slide 10-7 and fairlead 10-8 ensure that tooth bar 10-1 motion and positioning precision, gear 10-2 and tooth bar
10-1 is meshed, and gear 10-2 gear shaft is connected on motor and decelerator 10-3 output shaft, the top bearing shell 9-1 or under
Bearing shell 9-2 is adjacent with dividing plate air sealing 10-5.The selection of Motor stepper motor of motor and the decelerator 10-3, passes through stepping electricity
Machine impulse generator and host computer control the action of stepper motor, and motor, decelerator and gear, rack gear are formed
Driving-chain so that the average speed control that top bearing shell 9-1 or lower bearing 9-2 is gradually drawn in turbine spindle 9-3 outer surfaces exists
Below 0.06 mm/second.In order to obtain than larger gear ratio, decelerator can select planetary reducer.Dividing plate sealing gland
Body 10-5 is played a part of, dividing plate sealing gland 1-1 in such as Fig. 1 identical with the dividing plate sealing gland of prior art, retains dividing plate sealing gland
Body 10-5 purpose is to prevent gas leakage herein.
Claims (10)
1. the method in jet vibration damping regulation steam turbine sealing gland gap, it is characterised in that：What methods described was achieved by the steps of：
First, steam turbine starts；Before startup, the bore area of air seal component and turbine blade appearance at the top of the movable vane of steam turbine
Gap between face is between 1.5 to 10 millimeters；
2nd, steam turbine is reached after rated speed, and regulation is arranged on the righting device assembly at dividing plate endoporus, makes in righting device assembly
Top bearing shell and lower bearing progressively tend to close up and around turbine spindle, to reduce the circular runout of turbine spindle；
The righting device assembly includes the Inner arc surface of top bearing shell, lower bearing and radial direction propulsion plant, top bearing shell and lower bearing
Uniform micro- stomata is provided with, the inlet end of micro- stomata is respectively communicated with the high pressure set on the external arc surface of top bearing shell and lower bearing
Air chamber, micro- stomata constitutes air-channel system with plenum chamber, and plenum chamber is communicated with micro- stomata makes the interior table of top bearing shell and lower bearing
Face forms air cushion, and the outer surface of plenum chamber and the front end surface of radial direction propulsion plant fix, radial direction propulsion plant be arranged on every
In the mounting hole opened on the bore area of plate；
3rd, air seal component at the top of regulation Steam Turbines, makes the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane to outside turbine blade
Surface is gradually drawn in, ultimately forms gap therebetween between 0.15 to 0.45 millimeter；Air seal component at the top of the movable vane
Including screw-nut body, air sealing, decelerator and motor, air seal component is embedded in the interior of steam turbine gas chamber shell at the top of movable vane
In wall, motor drives air sealing to be moved along the radial direction of turbine spindle by decelerator and screw-nut body.
2. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts steam turbine sealing gland gap according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The movable vane top
Portion's air seal component is made up of two semitight circles (6-11) of structure identical and at least four groups transmission mechanisms, curves semi-annular shape
The two ends of semitight circle (6-11) respectively set one group of transmission mechanism；Every group of transmission mechanism includes driven gear (6-2), driving gear
(6-3), the first positioning bearing (6-4), driving gear shaft (6-5), the second positioning bearing (6-6), motor and decelerator (6-
7), the 3rd positioning bearing (6-8), drive screw (6-9) and swivel nut (6-10), semitight circle (6-11) are inlaid in steam turbine air chamber
In the groove (6-13) of housing (6-1) medial surface, motor and decelerator (6-7) are inlaid in steam turbine gas chamber shell (6-1)
Interior, one end of swivel nut (6-10) is connected with the lateral surface of semitight circle (6-11), and one end of drive screw (6-9) is screwed in swivel nut
In the other end of (6-10), the other end of drive screw (6-9) and driven gear (6-2) are coaxial fixed, driven gear (6-2) with
Driving gear (6-3) is engaged, and driving gear (6-3) is connected with one end of driving gear shaft (6-5), driving gear shaft (6-5)
The other end is connected with the rotary shaft of motor and decelerator (6-7), and driving gear shaft (6-5) passes through the first positioning bearing (6-
4) it is arranged on the second positioning bearing (6-6) in steam turbine gas chamber shell (6-1), drive screw (6-9) passes through the 3rd locating shaft
(6-8) is held in steam turbine gas chamber shell (6-1), two semitight circles (6-11) form whole circle after being interlocked.
3. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts steam turbine sealing gland gap according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Methods described is also
Including two groups of range sensors and one group of vibrating sensor, one group of range sensor is arranged on air sealing to measure in real time
Air sealing and the circular runout in the gap and turbine blade outer surface of turbine blade outer surface；Another group of Distance-sensing
Device is arranged on top bearing shell and lower bearing, to measure gap and the steamer owner of top bearing shell and lower bearing and turbine spindle in real time
Shaft run-out；One group of vibrating sensor is arranged on the back side of top bearing shell and lower bearing to gather vibration data.
4. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts steam turbine sealing gland gap according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：In second step
Also include following technological means, make top bearing shell and lower bearing in righting device assembly progressively tend to close up and surrounding steamer owner
During axle, gap, the change of high pressure gas room pressure and the vapour of top bearing shell and lower bearing and turbine spindle are gathered in real time
The main shaft run-out of turbine, if the reduction in gap, the rising of high pressure gas room pressure continuity synchronous with the reduction beated,
Continuing to make top bearing shell and lower bearing in righting device assembly progressively tends to the action closed up；When detect reduction that gap occur and
High pressure gas room pressure rising with bounce reduce can not synchronously continue situation when, stop make the upper axle in righting device assembly
Watt and the action closed up of lower bearing.
5. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts steam turbine sealing gland gap according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In plenum chamber
Pressure be 15 to 20MPa.
6. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts steam turbine sealing gland gap according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：Third step is also
Including following technological means, in the process for making the bore area of air seal component at the top of movable vane be drawn in turbine blade outer surface
In, collection air sealing is passed with the gap of turbine blade outer surface, the circular runout of turbine blade outer surface and vibration in real time
The vibration data of sensor collection, it is different if there is vibration data to ensure that the numerical value in gap is consistently greater than the numerical value of circular runout
The bore area and the distance of turbine blade outer surface of often increase, the then movable vane of counteragent increase immediately top air seal component,
When before vibration data returning to abnormal increase, then recovery operation.
7. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts sealing gland gap at the top of Steam Turbines according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute
State range sensor selection eddy current displacement sensor.
8. the method that jet vibration damping adjusts sealing gland gap at the top of Steam Turbines according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Institute
Vibrating sensor is stated for moving-coil type vibrating speed sensors.
9. the vibration absorber in jet vibration damping regulation steam turbine sealing gland gap, it is characterised in that：The jet vibration damping adjusts steam turbine
The vibration absorber in sealing gland gap include righting device assembly, the righting device assembly include top bearing shell (9-1), lower bearing (9-2) and
The Inner arc surface of radial direction propulsion plant (I), top bearing shell (9-1) and lower bearing (9-2) is provided with uniform micro- stomata (9-4), micro-
The inlet end of stomata (9-4) is respectively communicated with the plenum chamber set on the external arc surface of top bearing shell (9-1) and lower bearing (9-2)
(9-5), micro- stomata (9-4) constitutes air-channel system with plenum chamber (9-5), and plenum chamber (9-5) is communicated with micro- stomata (9-4) to be made
The inner surface formation air cushion of top bearing shell (9-1) and lower bearing (9-2), outer surface and the radial direction propulsion plant of plenum chamber (9-5)
(I) front end surface is fixed, and radial direction propulsion plant (I) is arranged in the mounting hole opened on dividing plate (9-6) bore area.
10. jet vibration damping adjusts the vibration absorber in steam turbine sealing gland gap according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：It is described
The radial direction propulsion plant (I) of righting device assembly includes tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3), steamer
Cavity (10-6) is provided with machine dividing plate (9-6), tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2) and motor and decelerator (10-3) are arranged on chamber
In body (10-6), radial arrangement of the tooth bar (10-1) along turbine spindle (9-3), one end of tooth bar (10-1) passes cavity
(10-6) and mutually fixed with the back side of top bearing shell (9-1) or lower bearing (9-2), the cross section of the tooth bar (10-1) is rectangle,
Cavity (10-6) forms the guide slide (10-7) that cross section is rectangle in the position that tooth bar (10-1) is passed, tooth bar (10-1)
Fairlead (10-8) is set in the cavity (10-6) of the other end, and gear (10-2) is meshed with tooth bar (10-1), gear (10-2)
Gear shaft be connected on the output shaft of motor and decelerator (10-3), the top bearing shell (9-1) or lower bearing (9-2) and dividing plate
Air sealing (10-5) is adjacent.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710146916.1A CN106948875B (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2017-03-13 | The method and vibration absorber in jet vibration damping adjusting steam turbine sealing gland gap |
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| CN201710146916.1A CN106948875B (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2017-03-13 | The method and vibration absorber in jet vibration damping adjusting steam turbine sealing gland gap |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4378197A (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1983-03-29 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation, "S.N.E.C.M.A." | Inter-shaft bearing for multibody turbojet engines with damping by a film of oil |
| JPH03163216A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-07-15 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Fluid bearing device |
| JP2000145781A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Bearing device |
| RU2265742C1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-12-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Сатурн" (ОАО "НПО "Сатурн") | Gas-turbine engine inter-rotor support |
-
2017
- 2017-03-13 CN CN201710146916.1A patent/CN106948875B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4378197A (en) * | 1980-06-13 | 1983-03-29 | Societe Nationale D'etude Et De Construction De Moteurs D'aviation, "S.N.E.C.M.A." | Inter-shaft bearing for multibody turbojet engines with damping by a film of oil |
| JPH03163216A (en) * | 1989-11-20 | 1991-07-15 | Nippon Seiko Kk | Fluid bearing device |
| JP2000145781A (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 2000-05-26 | Hitachi Ltd | Bearing device |
| RU2265742C1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-12-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Сатурн" (ОАО "НПО "Сатурн") | Gas-turbine engine inter-rotor support |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106948875B (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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