CN106947883A - A kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106947883A CN106947883A CN201710299175.0A CN201710299175A CN106947883A CN 106947883 A CN106947883 A CN 106947883A CN 201710299175 A CN201710299175 A CN 201710299175A CN 106947883 A CN106947883 A CN 106947883A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy, it is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Zinc 30~38%, bismuth 0.2~3.5%, manganese 1.5~2.5%, silicon 1.5~3.5%, rare earth element 0.1~0.4%, impurity≤0.1%, surplus are entirely copper；Selection of its preparation method including raw material, dispensing, melting, continuous casting are even squeezed or continuous casting and rolling.The hardness of the made brass alloys of the present invention is higher (microhardness is 150~155HV), and the hardness of common ledrite is 110~150HV；The tensile strength of made brass alloys is more than 500MPa, and elongation percentage is more than 20%.The chip shape of the made brass alloys of the present invention, size are similar to traditional ledrite, and cutting ability is excellent.The made brass alloys of the present invention, the de- zinc coating thickness of institute's alloyage is 100~160 μm, 350~400 μm far below ledrite of de- zinc coating thickness in Dezincification corrosion experiment.
Description
Technical field
Field is made the invention belongs to metal material, and in particular to a kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy and its system
Make method.
Background technology
Ledrite possesses good corrosion resisting property, and extremely excellent free cutting property and processing characteristics, even more important
Be a little that its price is cheaply more many than general copper alloy, and cost is relatively low, and production process is simple.Therefore ledrite is long
All it has been that electronic apparatus, household electrical appliances, drinking water device, space flight boat are widely used in as most economical practical alloy since phase
The field such as sky, machinery, automobile, instrument, hardware.Lead is hardly solid-solution in brass alloys, is mainly mutually present in Cu-Zn with independent
The grain boundaries of solid solution.Largely free lead particle dispersion is distributed in brass base, and lead matter is soft, produces in process
Melt phenomenon, serve lubrication, make chip frangible, workpiece product surface is bright and clean.Therefore ledrite has Cutting free, Yi Jia
The good characteristics such as work.
But, lead is harmful.Not only pollution of the discarded lead and yellow-collation copper member to soil and water resource causes people's
Extensive concern, it is in melting, process, and the harm of lead steam and dust to environment and human body also increasingly causes people's
Note.Therefore, some non-leaded easily-cutting brass have been developed, and it is progressively commercially available in.But these lead-free reflows
Some scarce resources may be confined to or the factor such as complex process, cost be higher, and fail large-scale production.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：A kind of Huang with excellent mechanical performance, decay resistance and cutting ability is provided
Copper alloy and preparation method thereof, to replace traditional ledrite.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy, is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Zinc 30~38%, bismuth
0.2~3.5%, manganese 1.5~2.5%, silicon 1.5~3.5%, rare earth element 0.1~0.4%, impurity≤0.1%, copper surplus.
Further, a kind of preparation method of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy, is comprised the following steps that：
(1) selection of raw material
With fine copper, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-RE
Intermediate alloy is raw material；Wherein, Zn mass fractions are Si mass fractions in 50%, Cu-Si intermediate alloys in Cu-Zn intermediate alloys
It is that Bi mass fractions are 20%, Cu-RE in 20%, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys for Mn mass fractions in 20%, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys
RE mass fractions are 10% in intermediate alloy；
(2) dispensing
With Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-RE centres are closed
Golden and fine copper is raw material, the vapour pressure of inquiry various elements in melting maximum temperature in dispensing, and thereby determines that each
The burn out rate of element, then determines the relationship between quality between above-mentioned raw materials；
(3) melting
After the completion of dispensing, the melting of alloy is carried out, founding uses high-frequency induction furnace, first in the middle of Cu-Mn
Alloy, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, fine copper, which are put into stove, to be heated to 1200 DEG C and melts it, is then placed in the scale stone of 0.5cm thickness
Then ink adds Cu-RE intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, while slowly dropping successively as coverture
Low temperature, is reduced to 1100 DEG C；After all fusing after temperature be maintained at 900~950 DEG C between and continue 15~20 minutes, during which
It is stirred, skims；
(4) continuous casting is even squeezed or continuous casting and rolling
Casting cycle industrially carries out continuous casting and even squeezed or continuous casting and rolling, i.e., when ingot casting just solidifies, now ingot casting temperature
Spend for 800~850 DEG C, with having been preheated with 450~550 DEG C of mould, carry out hot extrusion while being put under continuous extruder, most
Material surface oxide skin is removed afterwards, that is, obtains final finished.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
It is of the invention main using the multicomponent microalloying raising various performances of brass, such as decay resistance, mechanical performance, cutting
Performance etc..Specially：The corrosion resisting property of alloy is improved by element silicon；Bismuth element improves cutting ability；The addition of manganese can be carried
High-mechanical property and decay resistance；The effect of rare earth element is more, can play degasification, removal of impurities, crystal grain thinning, purification crystal boundary
Deng effect.If independent above-mentioned various elements are strengthened, it is weaker that it strengthens ability, it is impossible to obtains the brass of excellent combination property
Alloy, and when adding together, 1+1 ＞ 2 performance boost effect can be played, specific advantage embodies as follows：
1. the hardness of made brass alloys of the invention is higher (microhardness is 150~155HV), and common ledrite is hard
Spend for 110~150HV；The tensile strength of made brass alloys is more than 500MPa, and elongation percentage is more than 20%.
2. the chip shape of made brass alloys of the invention, size are similar to traditional ledrite, cutting ability is excellent, is cutting
Ledrite can be replaced by cutting in performance.
3. the corrosion resisting property of made brass alloys of the invention is better than traditional ledrite, institute's alloyage in Dezincification corrosion experiment
De- zinc coating thickness be 100~160 μm (de- zinc coating thickness test is using ISO6509-1981 standards), far below ledrite 350
~400 μm of de- zinc coating thickness.
Specific implementation method
Embodiment 1：
The selection of raw material：With fine copper, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, in the middle of Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi
Alloy, Cu-RE intermediate alloys are raw material, and these raw materials are directly commercially；Wherein, Zn mass in Cu-Zn intermediate alloys
Fraction be in 50%, Cu-Si intermediate alloys Si mass fractions be in 20%, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys Mn mass fractions be 20%,
Bi mass fractions are that RE mass fractions are 10% in 20%, Cu-RE intermediate alloys in Cu-Bi intermediate alloys；
Dispensing：In the middle of 50g Cu-Si intermediate alloys, 56gCu-Mn intermediate alloys, 25g Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, 5gCu-RE
Alloy, 600gCu-Zn intermediate alloys, 420g fine copper；
Founding, hot procedure are：First Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, fine copper is put into heating in stove
It is melted to 1200 DEG C, the crystalline flake graphite of 0.5cm thickness is then placed in as coverture, then successively in the middle of addition Cu-RE
Alloy, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys (Zn can seethe with excitement during addition, there is degasification,
Preferably need to add coverture with ensure Zn will not scaling loss it is excessive, that is, also to add the covering more than 0.5cm thick-layers when adding Zn
Agent), while slowly reducing temperature, it is reduced to 1100 DEG C or so.Between temperature after all fusings is maintained at 900~950 DEG C simultaneously
Continue for some time and continue insulation 15~20 minutes, be during which stirred, skim.Then cast, treat that ingot casting just coagulates
Gu when (now temperature is about 800~850 DEG C), (ingot casting temperature is not dropped with the mould that has been preheated with 450~550 DEG C
It is low too fast) while hot extrusion is carried out under being put into continuous extruder, carry out continuous casting and even squeeze.Material surface oxide skin is finally removed, i.e.,
Obtain final finished.
The brass finished product composition finally given is：Zinc (Zn) 29.1%, silicon (Si) 1.5%, bismuth (Bi) 0.4%, manganese (Mn)
1.6%, Rare Earth Lanthanum (La) 0.1%, copper (Cu) surplus.
Finally brass end properties is：Hardness 151HV, tensile strength 510MPa, elongation percentage 20%, cutting ability is lead
The 95% of brass HPb59-1, takes off 110 μm of zinc coating thickness (wherein taking off zinc coating thickness test using ISO6509-1981 standards).
Embodiment 2：
The selection of raw material：With fine copper, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, in the middle of Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi
Alloy, Cu-RE intermediate alloys are raw material, and these raw materials are directly commercially；Wherein, Zn mass in Cu-Zn intermediate alloys
Fraction be in 50%, Cu-Si intermediate alloys Si mass fractions be in 20%, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys Mn mass fractions be 20%,
Bi mass fractions are that RE mass fractions are 10% in 20%, Cu-RE intermediate alloys in Cu-Bi intermediate alloys；
Dispensing：In 80g Cu-Si intermediate alloys, 66gCu-Mn intermediate alloys, 50g Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, 10gCu-RE
Between alloy, 650gCu-Zn intermediate alloys, 265g fine copper；
Founding, hot procedure are：First Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, fine copper is put into heating in stove
It is melted to 1200 DEG C, the crystalline flake graphite of 0.5cm thickness is then placed in as coverture, then successively in the middle of addition Cu-RE
Alloy, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys (Zn can seethe with excitement during addition, there is degasification,
Preferably need to add coverture with ensure Zn will not scaling loss it is excessive, that is, also to add the covering more than 0.5cm thick-layers when adding Zn
Agent), while slowly reducing temperature, it is reduced to 1100 DEG C or so.Between temperature after all fusings is maintained at 900~950 DEG C simultaneously
Continue for some time and continue insulation 15~20 minutes, be during which stirred, skim.Then cast, treat that ingot casting just coagulates
Gu when (now temperature is about 800~850 DEG C), (ingot casting temperature is not dropped with the mould that has been preheated with 450~550 DEG C
It is low too fast) while hot extrusion is carried out under being put into continuous extruder, carry out continuous casting and even squeeze.Material surface oxide skin is finally removed, i.e.,
Obtain final finished.
The brass finished product composition finally given is：Zinc (Zn) 32.3%, bismuth (Bi) 1.1%, silicon (Si) 2.4%, manganese (Mn)
1.9%, Rare Earth Lanthanum (La) 0.2%, copper (Cu) surplus.
Finally brass end properties is：Hardness 153HV, tensile strength 532MPa, elongation percentage 23%, cutting ability is lead
The 105% of brass HPb59-1, takes off 128 μm of zinc coating thickness.
Embodiment 3：
The selection of raw material：With fine copper, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, in the middle of Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi
Alloy, Cu-RE intermediate alloys are raw material, and these raw materials are directly commercially；Wherein, Zn mass in Cu-Zn intermediate alloys
Fraction be in 50%, Cu-Si intermediate alloys Si mass fractions be in 20%, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys Mn mass fractions be 20%,
Bi mass fractions are that RE mass fractions are 10% in 20%, Cu-RE intermediate alloys in Cu-Bi intermediate alloys；
Dispensing：In 150g Cu-Si intermediate alloys, 96gCu-Mn intermediate alloys, 85g Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, 15gCu-RE
Between alloy, 700gCu-Zn intermediate alloys, 110g fine copper；
Founding, hot procedure are：First Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, fine copper is put into heating in stove
It is melted to 1200 DEG C, the crystalline flake graphite of 0.5cm thickness is then placed in as coverture, then successively in the middle of addition Cu-RE
Alloy, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys (Zn can seethe with excitement during addition, there is degasification,
Preferably need to add coverture with ensure Zn will not scaling loss it is excessive, that is, also to add the covering more than 0.5cm thick-layers when adding Zn
Agent), while slowly reducing temperature, it is reduced to 1100 DEG C or so.Between temperature after all fusings is maintained at 900~950 DEG C simultaneously
Continue for some time and continue insulation 15~20 minutes, be during which stirred, skim.Then cast, treat that ingot casting just coagulates
Gu when (now temperature is about 800~850 DEG C), (ingot casting temperature is not dropped with the mould that has been preheated with 450~550 DEG C
It is low too fast) while hot extrusion is carried out under being put into continuous extruder, carry out continuous casting and even squeeze.Material surface oxide skin is finally removed, i.e.,
Obtain final finished.
The brass finished product composition finally given is：Zinc (Zn) 35.2%, bismuth (Bi) 1.5%, manganese (Mn) 2.2%, silicon (Si)
3.5%, Rare Earth Lanthanum (La) 0.3%, copper (Cu) surplus.
Finally brass end properties is：Hardness 153HV, tensile strength 445MPa, elongation percentage 21%, cutting ability is lead
The 100% of brass HPb59-1, takes off 125 μm of zinc coating thickness.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy, it is characterised in that：It is made up of the raw material of following percentage by weight：Zinc 30
~38%, bismuth 0.2~3.5%, manganese 1.5~2.5%, silicon 1.5~3.5%, rare earth element 0.1~0.4%, impurity≤0.1%,
Copper surplus.
2. a kind of preparation method of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps that：
(1) selection of raw material
With fine copper, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, in the middle of Cu-RE
Alloy is raw material；Wherein, Zn mass fractions are that Si mass fractions are in 50%, Cu-Si intermediate alloys in Cu-Zn intermediate alloys
20%th, Mn mass fractions are during Bi mass fractions are 20%, Cu-RE in 20%, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys in Cu-Mn intermediate alloys
Between in alloy RE mass fractions be 10%；
(2) dispensing
With Cu-Zn intermediate alloys, Cu-Si intermediate alloys, Cu-Mn intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-RE intermediate alloys with
And fine copper is raw material, the vapour pressure of inquiry various elements in melting maximum temperature in dispensing, and thereby determine that each element
Burn out rate, then determine above-mentioned raw materials between relationship between quality；
(3) melting
After the completion of dispensing, carry out the melting of alloy, founding uses high-frequency induction furnace, first Cu-Mn intermediate alloys,
Cu-Si intermediate alloys, fine copper, which are put into stove, to be heated to 1200 DEG C and melts it, and the crystalline flake graphite for being then placed in 0.5cm thickness is made
For coverture, Cu-RE intermediate alloys, Cu-Bi intermediate alloys, Cu-Zn intermediate alloys are then added successively, while slowly reducing temperature
Degree, is reduced to 1100 DEG C；After all fusing after temperature be maintained at 900~950 DEG C between and continue 15~20 minutes, during which carry out
Stir, skim；
(4) continuous casting is even squeezed or continuous casting and rolling
Casting cycle industrially carries out continuous casting and even squeezed or continuous casting and rolling, i.e., when ingot casting just solidifies, now ingot casting temperature is
800~850 DEG C, with having been preheated with 450~550 DEG C of mould, hot extrusion is carried out while being put under continuous extruder, is finally gone
Except material surface oxide skin, that is, obtain final finished.
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| CN201710299175.0A CN106947883A (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | A kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201710299175.0A CN106947883A (en) | 2017-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | A kind of lead-free corrosion resistant cutting brass alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109266900A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-01-25 | 宁波艾维洁具有限公司 | A kind of Anti-dezincificationyellow yellow brass alloy of lead-free corrosion resistant and preparation method thereof |
| CN114196844A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-18 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Preparation method of high-strength piston pin hole bushing |
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| CN102828064A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Lead-free free-cutting brass alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN103930576A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-07-16 | 株式会社豊山 | Leadless free-cutting copper alloy and method for producing same |
| CN105039777A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-11-11 | 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 | Machinable brass alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106148757A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-11-23 | 沈阳万龙源冶金新材料科技有限公司 | One Albatra metal |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1693502A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2005-11-09 | 宁波博威集团有限公司 | Environmental protection, healthy new type leadless easy cutting corrosion resistant low boron calcium brass alloy |
| CN103930576A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-07-16 | 株式会社豊山 | Leadless free-cutting copper alloy and method for producing same |
| CN102828064A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2012-12-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Lead-free free-cutting brass alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106148757A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-11-23 | 沈阳万龙源冶金新材料科技有限公司 | One Albatra metal |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109266900A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-01-25 | 宁波艾维洁具有限公司 | A kind of Anti-dezincificationyellow yellow brass alloy of lead-free corrosion resistant and preparation method thereof |
| CN114196844A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-18 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Preparation method of high-strength piston pin hole bushing |
| CN114196844B (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-05-24 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | Preparation method of high-strength piston pin hole bushing |
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