CN106944583A - Carbon steel piping Forging Technology - Google Patents
Carbon steel piping Forging Technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106944583A CN106944583A CN201710194341.0A CN201710194341A CN106944583A CN 106944583 A CN106944583 A CN 106944583A CN 201710194341 A CN201710194341 A CN 201710194341A CN 106944583 A CN106944583 A CN 106944583A
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- China
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- carbon steel
- steel piping
- steel wire
- forging technology
- heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/06—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires
- C21D8/065—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of rods or wires of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/38—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/06—Wires; Strips; Foils
- C25D7/0607—Wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
- C25F1/02—Pickling; Descaling
- C25F1/04—Pickling; Descaling in solution
- C25F1/06—Iron or steel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of carbon steel piping Forging Technology, the carbon steel piping Forging Technology comprises the following steps：1) theory analysis, draws carbon steel piping heating curves figure, abscissa is the heat time, and ordinate is heating-up temperature；2) according to step 1) obtained by carbon steel piping heating curves figure carbon steel piping is heated；3) carbon steel piping after heating is carried out into upset and pulling to handle.The invention provides a kind of craft precision height, the carbon steel piping Forging Technology that surface quality is good and casting technique is simple and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal forging field, it is related to a kind of carbon steel piping Forging Technology.
Background technology
In forging process, forging and stamping can be with the shrinkage cavity and porosity in densification or soldering as cast metal tissue, space, gas
The defect such as bubble and crackle, and energy crystal grain thinning and broken field trash, so as to obtain certain forging flow lines tissue.In actual production
In, often according to Production requirement, various forging, such as mainly for the production of various machine parts that are important, bearing heavy load or
It is required for pulling out its jumping-up in the main shaft and gear of blank, such as lathe, the connecting rod of internal combustion engine, the suspension hook process of crane
Length, reaming, bending, drawing etc. are deformed, in forging process, due to each side such as the oxidation of metal surface and cooling meat under high temperature
The reason for face, forging precision is not high, surface quality is bad, in addition the restriction of forging processability of product structure, and forging is generally only as machine
The blank of device part.Hot forging pressure is the forging and stamping carried out more than metal recrystallization temperature, and the plasticity of metal can be improved by improving temperature,
Be conducive to improving the inherent quality of workpiece, be allowed to not easy to crack.High-temperature is forged needed for can also reducing the resistance of deformation of metal, reduction
The tonnage of press mechanical pressing.But hot forging pressure process is more, and workpiece accuracy is poor, and surface is not bright and clean, and forging easily produces oxidation, decarburization and burning
Damage.
The content of the invention
It is open it is an object of the invention to overcome the problem of soft state copper covered steel wire elongation percentage produced in traditional handicraft is not enough
A kind of production is simple, the production technology of the soft state copper covered steel wire of elongation percentage and high yield rate.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention uses following technical schemes：
The production technology of soft state copper covered steel wire, comprises the following steps successively：
(1) drawing, steel wire mother metal is carried out to peel off descale, then the steel wire after descale is electrolysed through peracid, water
Wash, boronation, high-frequency heating drying, the steel wire after drying is finally drawn to diameter 1.8-2.4mm；
(2) high tempering, the steel wire after drawing is put into vacuum tempering furnace and carries out high-temperature heat treatment, temperature 780-
Between 830 DEG C, the heat time was controlled between 5-6 hours, was then incubated 5-6 hours, was then cooled to 560-600 DEG C, cooling
Time control is between 12-13 hours, then opens air-cooler and be cooled to 300 DEG C or so and come out of the stove, and cool time was controlled in 2-3 hours
Between；
(3) electro-deposition pre-treatment, pickling is carried out with hydrochloric acid solution by a diameter of 1.8-2.4mm steel wire, removes steel wire table
The oxide skin in face, is then washed again, removes the pickle remained in steel wire surface acid-washing process, and the steel wire after washing is used
Sodium carbonate carries out alkali neutralization, removes upper track washing step and does not wash down clean pickle completely；
(4) acid electrolysis, carries out sour electrolysis with sulfuric acid solution to the steel wire after electrodeposited pre-treatment, further removes steel wire
The oxide skin on surface, and activate steel wire surface；
(5) wash, remove the pickle remained in last process；
(6) electro-deposition is pre-processed, the steel wire after washing is subjected to pretreatment electricity by potassium hydroxide and copper sulphate mixed liquor
Deposition, generates copper covered steel wire；
(7) wash, remove the solution of last process residual；
(8) thick processing electro-deposition, further sulfate thickness processing electro-deposition is carried out by the copper covered steel wire after washing；
(9) wash, remove the electrodeposit liquid of remained on surface in last process；
(10) it is anti-oxidation, the copper covered steel wire after washing is subjected to anti-oxidation processing with antioxidant；
(11) dry, processing is dried in the copper covered steel wire after anti-oxidation processing；
(12) drawing, diameter is drawn between 0.50-0.70mm by dried copper covered steel wire；
(13) wash, the copper covered steel wire after drawing is washed, remove the grease on copper covered steel wire surface；
(14) anti-oxidation processing, anti-oxidation processing is carried out with antioxidant by the copper covered steel wire after washing；
(15) ammonolysis craft high tempering：1. in the ammonolysis craft stage, ammonia destruction furnace is first warming up to 500 DEG C or so, insulation makes whole
Individual body of heater is heated evenly, and is then proceeded to be warming up to 650-670 DEG C and is sent ammonia, and water is put into by valve outlet is vented while opening air bleeding valve
In, when temperature reaches 800-820 DEG C, flame is in crocus substantially, has no and drips, and is now N2 and H2 mixing in ammonia destruction furnace
Thing；2. in the high tempering stage, N2 the and H2 mixtures decomposited in ammonia destruction furnace are filled with the vacuum tempering furnace equipped with copper covered steel
In, allow and N2 and H2 is full of in whole tempering furnace, temperature is between 780-830 DEG C, and soaking time 5-6 hours；Close true
Backlash stove, furnace cooling 7.5-8 hours, then air cooling make in-furnace temperature close to room temperature, and stove is evacuated, N2 is poured, made
Stove pressure valve shows 0MPa, and copper covered steel finished product is taken out in blow-on.
It is further preferred that step (3) the electro-deposition pre-treatment is carried out using hydrochloric acid solution of the volume ratio between 40%-60%
Sour electrolysis is carried out to steel wire in 15%-25% sulfuric acid solution with volume ratio in pickling, step (4).
Preferably, the copper layer thickness in the step (8) after thick processing electro-deposition is between 0.002-0.024mm.
Preferably, ammonia destruction furnace first is heated up into 1-1.5 hours to 500 DEG C or so of temperature in the step (15), then
Insulation 1.5-2 hours, when temperature rises to 750 DEG C or so, in the igniting of air bleeding valve exit, observation flame color and outlet whether there is
Water droplet goes out；Stove air cooling time is between 25-30 hours.
Preferably, the steel wire mother metal is H08 steel wires, is produced by above-mentioned skill, eliminate polishing process, it is to avoid be certain
The processing hardening of degree, compared with mild steel M6, H08 steel wire prices are low, therefore production cost is low.
Preferably, the steel wire mother metal is mild steel M6, mild steel M6 stable material qualities, impurity is few, good-extensibility.As
It is preferred that, the boronation is to immerse steel wire in borax soln, and borax soln temperature forms steel wire surface between 75-85 DEG C
Boronation film, borax soln temperature is less than 75 DEG C, and the boronation film quality of formation is bad, in follow-up drawing process, and wire drawing oil is easily embedded
In boronation film, make Steel Wire Surface nigrescence or black splotch occur, borax soln temperature is higher than 85 DEG C, then high energy consumption, is specifically
Energy consumption of the borax soln temperature needed for higher than 85 DEG C is more than 1.5 times of normal level.
Preferably, the whole high tempering stage, ammonolysis craft is persistently carried out, until body of heater is cooled to room temperature, simultaneously
The explosion protection system being connected at tempering furnace steam vent is opened, is lighted a fire at steam vent, the hydrogen and air contact for preventing discharge are produced
Raw blast.
Preferably, the diameter of the steel wire mother metal is 6.5mm or 5.5mm.
Using the production technology of the soft state copper covered steel wire of above-mentioned technical proposal, its advantage is：1st, by descale in step 1
The drawing again after sour electrolysis, washing, boronation, high-frequency heating drying of steel wire afterwards, compared with former technique, reduces drawing number of times, drop
Low production cost, by producing boronation film on steel wire surface after boronation, it is possible to reduce the direct contact of metal steel wire and mould, prolongs
Long die life, can improve drawing speed, reduce the loss of material, uniform and smooth finished surface is obtained, while boron
Change film soluble in water, be easy to the cleaning on follow-up steel wire surface；2nd, high tempering can eliminate the processing hardening of steel wire, and refinement is brilliant
Grain, reduces fragility, toughness is improved, while can make wire drawing oil of steel wire remained on surface etc. all because high temperature carbonization forms loose oxygen
Change skin, it is easy to which follow-up pickling washes away oxide skin, the problem of solving the steel wire layer often occurred and bad layers of copper adhesion, finished product
Rate is high；During high tempering, after soaking time, furnace cooling 12-13 hours is first powered off to 560-600 DEG C of temperature, so
Thermal stress can be reduced, prevents from cracking inside steel wire, air-cooler cooling is then opened and is quickly cooled within 2-3 hours 300 DEG C of left sides
The right side is come out of the stove, and so can save the time, while opening the secondary oxidation that air-cooler cooling avoids steel wire, it also avoid the oxygen of flue
Change；3rd, using ammonolysis craft tempering process, substantial amounts of hydrogen is contained in vacuum tempering furnace, and hydrogen has reduction, light is also
The function of original annealing, therefore can make copper covered steel surface-brightening after tempering, so without being polished to the copper covered steel after tempering, therefore
Can by copper covered steel wire direct drawing to 0.50-0.70mm, by ammonolysis craft tempering process be produced into the copper covered steel of surface-brightening into
Product, elongation percentage >=10% eliminates follow-up polishing process, it is to avoid influence of the processing hardening to elongation percentage again, prolongs finished product
The rate of stretching is improved.In summary, elongation percentage >=10% of the copper covered steel wire come out by above-mentioned technique productions, than tradition tempering
The elongation percentage for the copper covered steel wire that technique productions come out can at least be enhanced about more than once.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of carbon steel piping Forging Technology, the carbon steel piping Forging Technology comprises the following steps：
1) carbon steel piping heating curves figure is prepared, the abscissa of the carbon steel piping heating curves figure is the heat time, indulged
Coordinate is heating-up temperature：
1.1) different steel grades are chosen and its own heat characteristic is obtained；
1.2) according to step 1.1) obtained by different steel grades heat characteristic determine different steel grades enter furnace temperature, begin forging
Temperature and tapping temperature；
1.3) different steel grades heat time in forging and stamping is determined；
1.4) using abscissa as the heat time, ordinate is the heating curves figure that heating-up temperature draws different steel grades.
2) according to step 1) obtained by carbon steel piping heating curves figure carbon steel piping is heated：
2.1) 55 degree of charging temperature；
2.2) be rapidly heated to 950 ° ± 5 °, the amplitude that is rapidly heated be per hour 50 °~100 ° it
Between；The present invention in specific application, can have been finely tuned, example according to the difference of steel grade to the amplitude being rapidly heated
Such as per hour 55 °, 75 ° or 98 ° can；
2.3) 1350 ° ± 20 ° are warming up at a slow speed, and the amplitude heated up at a slow speed is to be not higher than 50 ° per hour；
2.4) 45~60 minutes are incubated；
2.5) come out of the stove.
3) carbon steel piping after heating is carried out into upset and pulling to handle, the carbon steel piping for having completed to heat is entered
Row is upset and pulls out number of processing at least twice.
Steel ingot concentric reducer when in use, is amputated, arrives Heating Steel Ingots according to above-mentioned heat treatment step by the present invention first
Proper temperature, first carries out small deformation amount pulling, can be loose with soldering material internal, then carries out upset, pulling, can improve forging
Ultrasound examination percent of pass.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of carbon steel piping Forging Technology, it is characterised in that：The carbon steel piping Forging Technology comprises the following steps：
1) theory analysis, draws carbon steel piping heating curves figure, abscissa is the heat time, and ordinate is heating-up temperature；
2) according to step 1) obtained by carbon steel piping heating curves figure carbon steel piping is heated；
3) carbon steel piping after heating is carried out into upset and pulling to handle.
2. carbon steel piping Forging Technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 2) specific implementation
It is：
2.1) 55 degree of charging temperature；
2.2) it is rapidly heated to 950 ° ± 5 °, the amplitude that is rapidly heated is per hour between 50 °~100 °；
2.3) 1350 ° ± 20 ° are warming up at a slow speed, and the amplitude heated up at a slow speed is to be not higher than 50 ° per hour；
2.4) 45~60 minutes are incubated；
2.5) come out of the stove.
3. carbon steel piping Forging Technology according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 3) in having completed plus
The carbon steel piping of heat treatment carries out upset and pulling number of processing at least twice.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710194341.0A CN106944583A (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Carbon steel piping Forging Technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710194341.0A CN106944583A (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Carbon steel piping Forging Technology |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106944583A true CN106944583A (en) | 2017-07-14 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710194341.0A Pending CN106944583A (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2017-03-28 | Carbon steel piping Forging Technology |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106944583A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111979568A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-24 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | One-step method electroplating brass steel wire plating post-treatment method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102218493A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-19 | 无锡市乾丰锻造有限公司 | Square steel forging process |
| CN105251922A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-20 | 刘振宇 | Square steel forging and pressing process |
| CN106270334A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-04 | 姜蕾 | Square steel forging process |
-
2017
- 2017-03-28 CN CN201710194341.0A patent/CN106944583A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102218493A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2011-10-19 | 无锡市乾丰锻造有限公司 | Square steel forging process |
| CN105251922A (en) * | 2014-07-17 | 2016-01-20 | 刘振宇 | Square steel forging and pressing process |
| CN106270334A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-01-04 | 姜蕾 | Square steel forging process |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111979568A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-11-24 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | One-step method electroplating brass steel wire plating post-treatment method |
| WO2022007534A1 (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-01-13 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | One-step post-plating treatment method for electroplating brass steel wire |
| CN111979568B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-08-12 | 江苏兴达钢帘线股份有限公司 | One-step method electroplating brass steel wire plating post-treatment method |
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