CN106940093B - Solar heating system and solar power generation system using same - Google Patents
Solar heating system and solar power generation system using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN106940093B CN106940093B CN201710242161.5A CN201710242161A CN106940093B CN 106940093 B CN106940093 B CN 106940093B CN 201710242161 A CN201710242161 A CN 201710242161A CN 106940093 B CN106940093 B CN 106940093B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/70—Solar heat collectors using working fluids the working fluids being conveyed through tubular absorbing conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/40—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors responsive to temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/10—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material
- F24S70/12—Details of absorbing elements characterised by the absorbing material made of metallic material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
- F24S80/20—Working fluids specially adapted for solar heat collectors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure relates to a solar heating system, which includes: the light condensing unit condenses external light rays to a light condensing point; the heat collection unit is arranged at the light collection point and used for collecting the heat energy of the light collected by the light collection unit so as to heat a first heat transfer working medium in the heat collection unit and enable the first heat transfer working medium to flow in a first heat transfer working medium pipeline through heat convection; and the first heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, and the first heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrates through the heat exchange cavity so that the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flowing in the first heat transfer working medium pipeline can transfer heat to the working medium or the second heat transfer working medium in the heat exchange cavity.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to a solar heating system, and more particularly, to a solar heating system with solar power generation.
Background
Solar energy is mainly utilized for power generation, heat storage and hot water supply, wherein the solar power generation mainly has two forms: solar photovoltaic power generation and solar thermal power generation. Solar photovoltaic power generation cannot realize continuous power generation due to high manufacturing cost and difficult grid connection of a solar cell; the impact on the power grid is large, and the efficiency is low. In addition, the battery production process consumes electricity and is seriously polluted, and particularly, the development of the battery is limited by the defects of great harm to the environment and the like caused by adding some rare metal substances. The solar thermal power generation technology avoids an expensive silicon crystal photoelectric conversion process, and can greatly reduce the cost of solar power generation. Moreover, the solar energy utilization in the form can carry out peak-shifting margin utilization, namely, redundant energy at the peak value of the solar energy is stored in a huge container, so that the turbine can still be driven to generate electricity within a period of time after the sun lands.
The existing solar thermal power generation system generally uses heat conduction oil, water and air as heat transfer working media. The heat storage working medium generally uses steam and fused salt materials to store heat or chemical energy to store heat. The heat conduction oil as the heat transfer working medium has the problems of low heat conduction coefficient, low working temperature (the highest temperature is 390 ℃) and the like, and the water or air as the heat transfer working medium is a high-pressure system, so that the safety requirement of the system is extremely high.
Therefore, there is a need for a solar heating system capable of improving solar energy utilization efficiency and system safety, and a power generation system using the same.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present disclosure to address one or more of the above-identified deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a solar heating system comprising: the light condensing unit condenses external light rays to a light condensing point; the heat collection unit is arranged at the light collection point and used for collecting the heat energy of the light collected by the light collection unit so as to heat a first heat transfer working medium in the heat collection unit and enable the first heat transfer working medium to flow in a first heat transfer working medium pipeline through heat convection; and the first heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, and the first heat transfer medium pipeline penetrates through the heat exchange cavity so that the high-temperature first heat transfer medium flowing in the first heat transfer medium pipeline can transfer heat to the working medium or the second heat transfer medium in the heat exchange cavity.
According to the solar heating system of this disclosure, it still includes: and the first heat transfer medium pump is arranged at the first heat transfer medium inlet of the heat collection unit and used for pumping the first heat transfer medium to flow in the first heat transfer medium pipeline so as to return to the heat collection unit. The heat collection unit comprises a heat collection core pipe and a glass pipe sleeved on the heat collection core pipe, and a first heat transfer medium serving as low-melting-point liquid metal is filled in the heat collection core pipe. The heat collecting core tube comprises a thin-wall metal tube and an insulating core rod inserted into the thin-wall metal tube, and the low-melting-point liquid metal flows along the thin-wall metal tube in a gap between the thin-wall metal tube and the insulating core rod. The heat collection core pipe and the glass pipe are sleeved in a vacuum mode. And the heat collection core pipe and the glass sleeve are welded by Kovar alloy. The outer surface of the heat collection core pipe is coated with a spectrum selective absorption coating for improving the absorption of solar radiation energy. The low-melting-point metal is gallium-based alloy with the melting point of-8-10 ℃, tin-bismuth alloy or lead-bismuth alloy with the melting point of 150-200 ℃. The first heat transfer working medium is a low-melting-point metal which is the same as or different from the third heat transfer working medium.
According to the solar heating system of this disclosure, it still includes: and the heat storage unit is used for storing heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity and enabling a second heat transfer working medium pipeline which is connected with the first heat transfer working medium pipeline in parallel to penetrate through the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity, so that when the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flows through the second heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrating through the accommodating cavity, the first high-temperature heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline transfers heat to the heat storage working medium, and the heat is stored in the storage working medium.
According to the solar heating system of this disclosure, it still includes: and the heat storage working medium pump pumps the heat storage working medium serving as the second heat transfer working medium to enable the heat storage working medium to flow in a heat storage working medium pipeline which is communicated with the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit, so that the heat storage working medium flowing through the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger is heated by the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flowing in the first heat transfer working medium pipeline in the first heat exchange unit.
According to the solar heating system of this disclosure, it still includes: the third heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, and a working medium is contained in the heat exchange cavity; the third heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrates through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit; and the third heat transfer working medium pump is arranged on the third heat transfer working medium pipeline so as to pump the third heat transfer working medium to flow, so that the high-temperature heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit transfers heat to the third heat transfer working medium flowing in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline, and the heated third heat transfer working medium transfers heat to the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit. The second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium pipeline are mutually staggered in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit, so that the first heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline indirectly exchange heat through the heat storage working medium.
According to the solar heating system of this disclosure, it still includes: and the fourth heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, contains a working medium, is arranged at the downstream of the first heat transfer medium pipeline in series relative to the first heat exchange unit, and is used for transferring the heat of the first heat transfer medium flowing out of the first heat exchange unit to the working medium to be fed into the first heat exchange unit so as to preheat the working medium.
According to the solar heating system disclosed by the invention, the heat storage working medium in the heat storage unit accommodating cavity is molten salt. The molten salt is one of sodium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate or any mixture thereof.
According to the solar heating system disclosed by the invention, the heat collecting unit is formed by connecting one or more sets of heat collecting core tubes and glass tubes in series or in parallel.
According to this disclosed solar heating system, it still includes the control unit and arranges the temperature sensor at the first heat transfer working medium pipe inlet and outlet department of thermal-arrest unit, the control unit controls the pumping flow of first heat transfer working medium pump based on the temperature that temperature sensor sensed.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a solar heating system, comprising: the light condensing unit condenses external light rays to a light condensing point; the heat collection unit is arranged at the light collection point and used for collecting the heat energy of the light collected by the light collection unit so as to heat a first heat transfer working medium in the heat collection unit and enable the first heat transfer working medium to flow in a second heat transfer working medium pipeline through heat convection; and the heat storage unit is used for storing heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity and enabling a second heat transfer working medium pipeline to penetrate through the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity, so that when the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flows through the second heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrating through the accommodating cavity, the first high-temperature heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline transfers heat to the heat storage working medium, and the heat is stored in the storage working medium.
According to this disclosed solar heating system, it still includes: and the first heat transfer working medium pump is arranged at the inlet of the first heat transfer working medium of the heat collection unit and used for pumping the first heat transfer working medium to flow in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline so as to return to the heat collection unit.
According to this disclosed solar heating system, it still includes: and the heat storage working medium pump pumps the heat storage working medium serving as the second heat transfer working medium to enable the heat storage working medium to flow in a heat storage working medium pipeline which is communicated with the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit, so that the heat storage working medium flowing through the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger is heated by the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flowing in the first heat transfer working medium pipeline in the first heat exchange unit.
According to the solar heating system of this disclosure, it still includes: the third heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, and a working medium is contained in the heat exchange cavity; the third heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrates through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit; and the third heat transfer working medium pump is arranged on the third heat transfer working medium pipeline so as to pump the third heat transfer working medium to flow, so that the high-temperature heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit transfers heat to the third heat transfer working medium flowing in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline, and the heated third heat transfer working medium transfers heat to the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit.
According to the solar heating system disclosed by the invention, the second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium pipeline are arranged in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit in a mutually staggered manner, so that the first heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline are subjected to indirect heat exchange through the heat storage working medium.
According to the solar heating system of this disclosure, it still includes: and the fourth heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, contains a working medium, is arranged at the downstream of the second heat transfer working medium pipeline in series relative to the heat storage unit and is used for transferring the heat of the first heat transfer working medium flowing out of the heat storage unit to the working medium which is about to enter the third heat exchange unit so as to preheat the working medium.
According to the solar heating system disclosed by the invention, the heat collecting unit comprises a heat collecting core pipe and a glass pipe sleeved on the heat collecting core pipe, and a first heat transfer working medium serving as a low-melting-point liquid metal is filled in the heat collecting core pipe.
The solar heating system according to the present disclosure, wherein the heat collecting core pipe includes a thin-walled metal pipe and an insulating core rod inserted into the thin-walled metal pipe, and the low melting point liquid metal flows along the thin-walled metal pipe in a gap between the thin-walled metal pipe and the insulating core rod.
According to another aspect of the disclosure, a tower type, trough type or butterfly type solar power generation system using the solar heat supply system as a heat source is further provided, the solar power generation system further comprises a steam turbine and a power generator connected with the steam turbine through a traditional system, and high-temperature gaseous working medium from the heat exchanger enters the steam turbine to push the steam turbine to rotate, so that the power generator is driven to rotate to generate power.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a principle of using a solar thermal power generation system according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
Shown in fig. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a heat collecting unit 110 of the solar heat transfer system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2B shows a longitudinal section of the heat collecting unit 110 of the solar heat transfer system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a principle of using a solar thermal power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of a heat storage unit of a solar heat transfer system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a principle of using a solar thermal power generation system according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a light concentrating unit for use in the solar thermal power generation system of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of another light concentrating unit for use in the solar thermal power generation system of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The following description refers to the accompanying drawings in which the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below do not represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the present disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure. As used in this disclosure and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It is to be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one type of information from another. Also, even if reference is made to "first", this does not mean that there must be "second" or that the next identical element must be defined as "second", but may be directly defined as "third". Likewise, even if reference is made to "second," it is not to be taken as necessarily referring to "first. For example, a first heat exchange unit may also be referred to as a second heat exchange unit, and similarly, a second heat exchange unit may also be referred to as a first heat exchange unit, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at" \8230; "or" when 8230; \8230; "or" in response to a determination ", depending on the context.
For a better understanding of the present disclosure by those of ordinary skill in the art, reference is made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a solar thermal power generation system using a first embodiment according to the present disclosure. The solar thermal power generation system 100 includes two sections, one being a heat collection section, i.e., a solar heat transfer system subsection in accordance with the present disclosure, and one being a thermal power generation subsection. As shown in fig. 1, a solar heat transfer system according to the present disclosure includes: a light condensing unit 116 that condenses external light to a light condensing point (which will be described in detail later); a heat collecting unit 110 disposed at the light collecting point to collect heat energy of the light collected by the light collecting unit, thereby heating a first heat transfer medium in the heat collecting unit and allowing the first heat transfer medium to flow in a first heat transfer medium pipeline by thermal convection; and a first heat exchange unit 120 having a heat exchange cavity through which the first heat transfer medium pipe 210 passes so that the high-temperature first heat transfer medium flowing in the first heat transfer medium pipe transfers heat to the working medium or the second heat transfer medium in the heat exchange cavity. When working medium (such as steam) is in the heat exchange cavity, the heated working medium enters the turbine along the working medium pipeline 230, so that the turbine is pushed to rotate, and the generator G is driven to generate power. The condensate water after pushing the steam turbine is pumped by the water pump 190 and returns to the working medium pipeline 230 and returns to the first heat exchange unit 120, so that the condensate water is output by the heat collection unit 110 to the high-temperature first heat transfer medium in the first heat transfer medium pipeline 210 penetrating through the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120 again and heated to a steam state.
In the first heat exchange unit, the contact time between the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120 and the first heat transfer medium pipeline 210 is short, so that the high-temperature first heat transfer medium in the first heat transfer medium pipeline 210 cannot perform sufficient heat exchange with the working medium in the heat exchange cavity, and therefore, the first heat transfer medium flowing out of the first heat transfer medium pipeline 210 in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120 contains high waste heat. Therefore, in order to fully utilize the waste heat, a fourth heat exchange unit 160 is disposed downstream of the first heat transfer medium pipe 210. The heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160 contains a working medium, and the downstream portion of the first heat transfer medium pipeline 210 passes through the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160. Therefore, when the first heat transfer medium with the waste heat which is not timely transferred to the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120 flows through the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160, the first heat transfer medium transfers the waste heat to the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160, so as to preheat the working medium which is about to enter the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120.
The first heat transfer medium in the heat collection unit 110 flows in the first heat transfer medium pipe 210 generally by means of heat convection. However, in order to accelerate or control the flow speed and flow rate of the first heat transfer medium in the first heat transfer medium pipe 210, as shown in fig. 1, a first heat transfer medium pump 130 is disposed at an inlet position before the first heat transfer medium pipe 210 enters the heat collecting unit 110. The first heat transfer medium pump 130 may control a flow rate and a flow rate of the first heat transfer medium under the control of a controller (not shown), so that a heat release amount of the first heat transfer medium while passing through the first heat exchange unit 120 and the fourth heat exchange unit 160 may be controlled.
Fig. 2A shows a cross-sectional view of a heat collecting unit 110 of the solar heat transfer system according to the present invention. Fig. 2B shows a longitudinal section of the heat collecting unit 110 of the solar heat transfer system according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the heat collecting unit 110 includes a heat collecting core tube 111 and a glass sleeve 112 fitted around the heat collecting core tube 111. An electrically and thermally insulating core rod 113 is inserted into the heat collection core tube 111, so that an annular accommodating cavity for accommodating the first heat transfer medium 114 is formed in the heat collection core tube 111. It should be noted, however, that the required power of the solar heat transfer system is low and the first heat transfer medium 114, e.g., a low melting point liquid metal, is not used in large quantities and may not require an electrically insulating and thermally insulating core rod 113. The low melting point liquid metal as the first heat transfer medium 114 flows along the thin-walled metal tube in the annular receiving cavity of the heat collecting core tube 111. The heat collecting core tube 111 and the glass sleeve 112 are welded by using kovar alloy 115. The melting point of the kovar alloy 115 is in the range of 320-450 ℃, and the kovar alloy has a linear expansion coefficient similar to that of hard glass and can be effectively sealed and matched with the hard glass.
The space between the heat collecting core tube 111 and the glass sleeve 112 may be vacuum, or the heat collecting core tube 111 and the glass sleeve 112 may be tightly attached to each other. Alternatively, the glass sleeve 112 and the kovar alloy 115 are not required, and the solar radiation can be received directly by the heat collecting core tube 111. The outer surface of the heat collection core tube 111 is coated with a spectrum selective absorption coating for improving the absorption of solar radiation energy. The low-melting-point metal is gallium-based alloy (melting point-8-10 ℃), tin-bismuth alloy (melting point 100-138 ℃) and lead-bismuth alloy (melting point 150-200 ℃).
As shown in fig. 2A and 2B, the heat collecting unit 110 employs the heat collecting core tube 111 and the heat insulating core rod 113 to form a casing pipe line of the first heat transfer working medium, so that the usage amount of the first heat transfer working medium as a low melting point metal is saved, and the use cost of the working medium is remarkably saved. In addition, the heat collecting core tube 111 uses a metal pipeline, a glass sleeve 112 is arranged outside the heat collecting core tube 111, the glass sleeve 112 and the heat collecting core tube 111 are welded by kovar alloy, and vacuum is formed between the glass sleeve and the metal tube, so that heat loss can be reduced, and more light and heat energy can be absorbed.
Although a solar heat transfer system using a low melting point metal as the first heat transfer medium 114 is described above in connection with fig. 1. But at the site of the heat transfer system, the light exposure time will not typically exceed 14 hours. In fact, the stronger light may not exceed 8 hours/day. Therefore, most of the time each day is not illuminated. During the time of strong light irradiation, excessive heat is generated. Therefore, the advantages of the solar heat transfer system can be fully exerted by storing the excess heat of the strong light irradiation time for heat transfer without the light irradiation time and generating electricity or supplying hot water. For this reason, the present disclosure proposes a solar thermal power generation system having an energy storage unit based on the solar power generation system of the first embodiment. Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing a principle of using a solar thermal power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 3, the solar thermal power generation system 100 also includes two sections, one being a heat collection section, i.e., a solar heat transfer system subsection according to the present disclosure, and one being a thermal power generation subsection. As shown in fig. 3, a solar heat transfer system according to the present disclosure includes: a light condensing unit 116 that condenses external light to a light condensing point (which will be described in detail later); a heat collecting unit 110 disposed at the light collecting point to collect heat energy of the light collected by the light collecting unit, thereby heating a first heat transfer medium in the heat collecting unit, and allowing the first heat transfer medium to flow in a first heat transfer medium pipeline by thermal convection; and a first heat exchange unit 120 having a heat exchange cavity through which the first heat transfer medium pipe 210 passes so that the high-temperature first heat transfer medium flowing in the first heat transfer medium pipe transfers heat to a second heat transfer medium in the heat exchange cavity. In addition, the solar heat transfer system further comprises a heat storage unit 140, and a heat storage working medium is stored in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit. The heat storage working medium pump 170 is arranged in the heat storage working medium pipeline 250. The heat storage medium pipeline 250 is communicated with the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger 120 and penetrates through the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140. The heat storage working medium pump 170 pumps the second heat transfer working medium in the heat storage working medium pipeline 250, so that the second heat transfer working medium receives heat transferred by the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flowing in the first heat transfer working medium pipeline in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120, and then transfers the absorbed heat to the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 outside the heat storage working medium pipeline 250 after entering the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140. Although the name of the heat storage working medium pipeline 250 includes "heat storage working medium", the working medium flowing inside is not the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, and may be the same working medium as the first heat transfer working medium, such as a low melting point liquid alloy or other low melting point liquid alloys.
Optionally, the working medium in the heat storage working medium pipeline 250 is not isolated from the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 through a pipeline, but the heat storage working medium pipeline 250 directly communicates the accommodating cavity of the heat exchange cavity heat storage unit 140 of the first heat exchanger 120, so that the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 is directly filled in the heat storage working medium pipeline 250.
As shown in fig. 3, the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 in the solar heat transfer system contains working medium. The third heat transfer medium pipeline 240 passes through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140. The third heat transfer working medium pump 180 is disposed on the third heat transfer working medium pipeline 240 so as to pump the third heat transfer working medium to flow, so that the high-temperature heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 transfers heat to the third heat transfer working medium flowing in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline 240, and the heated third heat transfer working medium transfers heat to the working medium, such as water, in the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150, so that the working medium is changed into high-temperature water or high-temperature steam for supplying hot water or for generating electricity. When the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 is steam, the heated working medium enters the steam turbine along the working medium pipeline 230, pushes the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator G to generate electricity. The condensate water after pushing the steam turbine is pumped back to the working medium pipeline 230 via the water delivery pump 190 and returns to the third heat exchange unit 150, so that the condensate water is heated by the high-temperature third heat transfer medium flowing from the third heat transfer medium pipeline 240 passing through the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 to the third heat transfer medium pipeline 240 passing through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 again.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of the heat storage unit 140 of the solar heat transfer system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 4, the heat storage working medium pipelines 250 and the third heat transfer working medium pipelines 240 are arranged in a staggered manner in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, so that the first heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 250 and the third heat transfer working medium in the third heat transfer working medium pipelines indirectly exchange heat through the heat storage working medium. This arrangement will accelerate the heat exchange between the heat storage working fluid line 250 and the third heat transfer working fluid line 240, helping to accelerate the rate at which the working fluid is heated by the third heat transfer working fluid line 240 at initial system start-up. Thus, as the heat storage unit 140 is provided with the heat transfer working medium pipeline, when the system is closed for a long time, the heat loss of the molten salt in the heat storage unit 140 becomes solid, when the system is started, the inlet valve 310 of the third heat exchange unit 150 can be closed, so that the heat transfer working medium cycle starts to be started first, the heat storage working medium in the heat storage tank is heated through the pipeline in the heat storage unit, and when the heat storage working medium melts and reaches a certain temperature, the power generation system is started to generate power.
Returning to fig. 3, similarly, in the first heat exchange unit 120, the contact time between the heat storage working medium or the second heat transfer working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120 and the first heat transfer working medium pipeline 210 is short, so the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium in the first heat transfer working medium pipeline 210 cannot perform sufficient heat exchange with the heat storage working medium or the second heat transfer working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120, and therefore, the first heat transfer working medium flowing out of the first heat transfer working medium pipeline 210 in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120 may contain a high amount of waste heat. Therefore, in order to fully utilize the waste heat, a fourth heat exchange unit 160 is disposed downstream of the first heat transfer medium pipe 210. The heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160 contains a working medium, and the downstream portion of the first heat transfer medium pipeline 210 passes through the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160. Therefore, when the first heat transfer medium with the waste heat which is not timely transferred to the heat storage medium or the second heat transfer medium in the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchange unit 120 flows through the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160, the first heat transfer medium transfers the waste heat to the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160, so as to preheat the working medium which is about to enter the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150. When the working medium is water, it can be preheated to low-temperature steam.
Also, as shown in fig. 3, at an inlet position before the first heat transfer medium pipe 210 enters the heat collecting unit 110, a first heat transfer medium pump 130 is disposed. The first heat transfer medium pump 130 may control the flow rate and flow rate of the first heat transfer medium under the control of a controller (not shown), so that the amount of heat released from the first heat transfer medium when flowing through the first heat exchange unit 120 and the fourth heat exchange unit 160 may be controlled.
Optionally, a second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 connected in parallel with the first heat transfer working medium pipeline 210 at the outlet of the heat collecting unit 110 passes through the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, so that when the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium 114 passes through the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, the first high-temperature heat transfer working medium 114 in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 transfers heat to the heat storage working medium, thereby storing the heat in the storage working medium. Therefore, when the requirement on the power generation power is not high or the illumination intensity provides heat exceeding the power generation power, each valve 310 can be controlled by the controller, so that the redundant heat can be stored in the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 more quickly in time.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a principle of using a solar thermal power generation system according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 5, the solar thermal power generation system 100 also includes two sections, one being a heat collection section, i.e., a solar heat transfer system subsection according to the present disclosure, and one being a thermal power generation subsection. As shown in fig. 5, a solar heat transfer system according to the present disclosure includes: a light condensing unit 116 that condenses external light to a light condensing point (which will be described in detail later); a heat collecting unit 110 disposed at the light collecting point to collect heat energy of the light collected by the light collecting unit, thereby heating a first heat transfer medium in the heat collecting unit and allowing the first heat transfer medium to flow in a first heat transfer medium pipeline by thermal convection; and a heat storage unit 140, wherein a heat storage working medium is stored in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, and the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 passes through the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, so that when the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium 114 passes through the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, the first high-temperature heat transfer working medium 114 in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 transfers heat to the heat storage working medium, thereby storing the heat in the storage working medium.
As shown in fig. 5, the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 in the solar heat transfer system 100 contains the working medium. And the third heat transfer medium pipeline 240 passes through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140. The third heat transfer working medium pump 180 is disposed on the third heat transfer working medium pipeline 240 so as to pump the third heat transfer working medium to flow, so that the high temperature heat storage working medium in the accommodating chamber of the heat storage unit 140 transfers heat to the third heat transfer working medium flowing in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline 240, and the heated third heat transfer working medium transfers heat to the working medium in the heat exchange chamber of the third heat exchange unit 150, such as water, so that it becomes high temperature water or high temperature steam for supplying hot water or for power generation. When the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 is steam, the heated working medium enters the steam turbine along the working medium pipeline 230, pushes the steam turbine to rotate, and drives the generator G to generate electricity. The condensate water after pushing the steam turbine is pumped back to the working medium pipeline 230 via the water delivery pump 190 and returns to the third heat exchange unit 150, so that the condensate water is heated by the high-temperature third heat transfer medium flowing from the third heat transfer medium pipeline 240 passing through the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 to the third heat transfer medium pipeline 240 passing through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150 again.
Similarly, since the contact time between the heat storage working medium and the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 is short in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 cannot perform sufficient heat exchange with the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, and therefore, the first heat transfer working medium flowing out of the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140 may contain a relatively high amount of residual heat. Therefore, in order to make full use of this waste heat, a fourth heat exchange unit 160 is provided downstream of the second heat transfer medium line 220. The heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160 contains the working medium, and the downstream portion of the second heat transfer medium pipeline 220 passes through the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160. Therefore, when the first heat transfer working medium, which is not timely transferred to the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit 140, is carried in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline 220 and flows through the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160, the first heat transfer working medium transfers the waste heat to the working medium accommodated in the heat exchange cavity of the fourth heat exchange unit 160, so as to preheat the working medium about to enter the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit 150. When the working medium is water, it can be preheated to low-temperature steam.
In this way, since the heat storage unit 140 is provided with the heat transfer working medium pipeline, when the system is closed for a long time, the heat loss of the molten salt in the heat storage unit 140 becomes solid, and when the system is started, the inlet valve 310 of the third heat exchange unit 150 can be closed, so that the heat transfer working medium cycle starts to be started first, the heat storage working medium in the heat storage tank is heated through the pipeline in the heat storage unit, and when the heat storage working medium melts and reaches a certain temperature, the power generation system is started to generate power.
Also, as shown in fig. 5, at an inlet position before the second heat transfer working medium pipe 220 enters the heat collecting unit 110, a first heat transfer working medium pump 130 is disposed. The first heat transfer medium pump 130 may control a flow rate and a flow rate of the first heat transfer medium under the control of a controller (not shown), so that a heat release amount of the first heat transfer medium when flowing through the heat storage unit 140 and the fourth heat exchange unit 160 may be controlled.
Likewise, the second heat transfer medium pipelines 220 may also be staggered with the third heat transfer medium pipelines in the heat storage unit 140 as the heat storage medium pipelines 250 shown in fig. 4.
The heat storage working medium in the heat storage unit is a molten salt material, such as sodium nitrate (melting point 308 ℃), potassium nitrate (melting point 333 ℃), potassium hydroxide (melting point 380 ℃), sodium chloride (melting point 802 ℃) and sodium carbonate (melting point 854 ℃).
The heat collection units in the solar thermal power generation system according to the disclosure may be solar tower, trough or butterfly heat collection units. The heat collecting units can be in one or more groups of series-parallel structures.
Fig. 6 and 7 are schematic views showing a solar light collecting unit used in the solar thermal power generation system of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 6, the trough-type curved mirror converges sunlight to converge the sunlight to the heat collecting unit 110. Also, as shown in fig. 7, the tower type solar thermal power generation system condenses light to the heat collecting unit 110 through a reflective mirror.
In addition, the solar heat transfer system according to the disclosure further comprises a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the heat transfer working medium at the inlet and the outlet of the heat collection unit, and the flow of the heat transfer working medium pump is adjusted through the controller, so that the temperature at the outlet of the heat absorber is stable under different illumination intensities.
In addition, when the solar heat transfer system works, the temperature of the heat storage working medium is maintained near the melting point, and the temperature of the heat storage working medium can be maintained to be stable under the condition that the solar energy absorbed by the heat collector is unstable due to the large latent heat value of the heat storage working medium, so that the output energy of the system is stable.
The heat absorption, heat transfer and heat storage system of the solar thermal power generation system improves the heat transfer efficiency of the system by utilizing the excellent physical properties of low-melting-point metal, and improves the power generation efficiency of the system by improving the temperature of the working medium, so that the commercial operation can be easily realized. Actual measurement shows heat collection and heat transfer effects, and the solar heat collecting and heat transfer system can be applied to small independent power supply in remote areas and large-scale integrated application of solar power generation, thereby bringing a new breakthrough for improving the overall performance of a solar heat power generation system.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided merely to facilitate an understanding of the inventive concepts of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the disclosure in any way to the specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the specific embodiments described above are but a few examples of various preferred embodiments. Any embodiments that embody the claims of the present disclosure are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the present disclosure. Modifications of the described embodiments or equivalent substitutions for some of the features may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present disclosure.
Claims (14)
1. A solar heating system, comprising:
the light condensing unit condenses external light rays to a light condensing point;
the heat collection unit is arranged at the light collection point and comprises a heat collection core pipe and a glass pipe sleeved on the heat collection core pipe, wherein a first heat transfer working medium which is low-melting-point liquid metal is filled in the heat collection core pipe, and the heat energy of the light collected by the light collection unit is collected so as to heat the first heat transfer working medium in the heat collection unit and enable the first heat transfer working medium to flow in a first heat transfer working medium pipeline through heat convection; and
a first heat exchange unit having a heat exchange cavity, the first heat transfer medium pipeline passing through the heat exchange cavity so that the high-temperature first heat transfer medium flowing in the first heat transfer medium pipeline transfers heat to the working medium or the second heat transfer medium in the heat exchange cavity
The first heat transfer medium pump is arranged at the first heat transfer medium inlet of the heat collection unit and used for pumping the first heat transfer medium to flow in the first heat transfer medium pipeline so as to return to the heat collection unit;
the heat storage unit is internally stored with a heat storage working medium, and a second heat transfer working medium pipeline which is connected with the first heat transfer working medium pipeline in parallel penetrates through the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity, so that when the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flows through the second heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrating through the accommodating cavity, the first high-temperature heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline transfers heat to the heat storage working medium, and the heat is stored in the storage working medium;
the heat storage working medium pump pumps the heat storage working medium serving as a second heat transfer working medium to enable the heat storage working medium to flow in a heat storage working medium pipeline communicated with the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit, so that the heat storage working medium flowing through the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger is heated by the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flowing in the first heat transfer working medium pipeline in the first heat exchange unit;
the third heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, and a working medium is contained in the heat exchange cavity;
the third heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrates through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit; and
the third heat transfer working medium pump is arranged on the third heat transfer working medium pipeline so as to pump the third heat transfer working medium to flow, so that the high-temperature heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit transfers heat to the third heat transfer working medium flowing in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline and the heated third heat transfer working medium transfers heat to the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit in a connected mode, and the second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium pipeline are arranged in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit in a mutually staggered mode so that the first heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline can indirectly exchange heat through the heat storage working medium;
and the fourth heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, contains a working medium, is arranged at the downstream of the first heat transfer medium pipeline in series relative to the first heat exchange unit, and is used for transferring the heat of the first heat transfer medium flowing out of the first heat exchange unit to the working medium to be fed into the first heat exchange unit so as to preheat the working medium.
2. A solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein said heat collecting core tube comprises a thin-walled metal tube and an insulating core rod inserted into the thin-walled metal tube, and said low-melting liquid metal flows along the thin-walled metal tube in a gap between said thin-walled metal tube and the insulating core rod.
3. A solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heat collecting core tube and the jacket between the glass tubes are evacuated.
4. A solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein the heat collecting core tube and the glass sleeve are welded together using kovar alloy.
5. A solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein said heat collecting core tube outer surface is coated with a spectrally selective absorbing coating that enhances absorption of solar radiant energy.
6. A solar heating system according to claim 1, wherein said low melting point liquid metal is a gallium-based alloy having a melting point of-8-10 ℃, a tin-bismuth alloy, or a lead-bismuth alloy having a melting point of 150-200 ℃.
7. A solar heating system according to claim 5, wherein the first heat transfer working fluid is a low melting point liquid metal that is the same as or different from the third heat transfer working fluid.
8. The solar heating system of claim 1, wherein the heat storage working medium in the heat storage unit accommodating cavity is molten salt.
9. A solar heating system according to claim 8, wherein the molten salt is one of sodium nitrate, potassium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate or any mixture thereof.
10. A solar heating system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heat collecting unit is formed by one or more sets of heat collecting core tubes and glass tubes connected in series or in parallel.
11. A solar heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit and temperature sensors arranged at the inlet and outlet of the first heat transferring working medium tube of the heat collecting unit, the control unit controlling the pumping flow of the first heat transferring working medium pump based on the temperature sensed by the temperature sensors.
12. A solar heating system, comprising:
the light condensing unit condenses external light rays to a light condensing point;
the heat collection unit is arranged at the light collection point and used for collecting the heat energy of the light collected by the light collection unit so as to heat a first heat transfer working medium in the heat collection unit and enable the first heat transfer working medium to flow in a second heat transfer working medium pipeline through heat convection; and
the heat storage unit is used for storing heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity and enabling a second heat transfer working medium pipeline to penetrate through the heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity, so that when the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flows through the second heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrating through the accommodating cavity, the first high-temperature heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline transfers heat to the heat storage working medium, and the heat is stored in the storage working medium;
the first heat transfer working medium pump is arranged at the inlet of the first heat transfer working medium of the heat collection unit and used for pumping the first heat transfer working medium to enable the first heat transfer working medium to flow in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline so as to return to the heat collection unit;
the heat storage working medium pump pumps the heat storage working medium serving as a second heat transfer working medium to enable the heat storage working medium to flow in a heat storage working medium pipeline communicated with the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit, so that the heat storage working medium flowing through the heat exchange cavity of the first heat exchanger is heated by the high-temperature first heat transfer working medium flowing in the first heat transfer working medium pipeline in the first heat exchange unit;
the third heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, and a working medium is contained in the heat exchange cavity;
the third heat transfer working medium pipeline penetrates through the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit and the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit; and
the third heat transfer working medium pump is arranged on the third heat transfer working medium pipeline so as to pump the third heat transfer working medium to flow, so that the high-temperature heat storage working medium in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit transfers heat to the third heat transfer working medium flowing in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline and the heated third heat transfer working medium transfers heat to the working medium in the heat exchange cavity of the third heat exchange unit, wherein the second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium pipeline are mutually staggered in the accommodating cavity of the heat storage unit, so that the first heat transfer working medium in the second heat transfer working medium pipeline and the third heat transfer working medium in the third heat transfer working medium pipeline carry out indirect heat exchange through the heat storage working medium;
and the fourth heat exchange unit is provided with a heat exchange cavity, contains working medium, is arranged at the downstream of the second heat transfer working medium pipeline in series relative to the heat storage unit and is used for transferring the heat of the first heat transfer working medium flowing out of the heat storage unit to the working medium which is about to enter the third heat exchange unit so as to preheat the working medium, wherein the heat collection unit comprises a heat collection core pipe and a glass pipe sleeved on the heat collection core pipe, and the heat collection core pipe is internally filled with the first heat transfer working medium serving as low-melting-point liquid metal.
13. A solar heat supply system according to claim 12, wherein said heat collecting core tube comprises a thin-walled metal tube and an insulating core rod inserted into the thin-walled metal tube, and said low melting point liquid metal flows along the thin-walled metal tube in a gap between said thin-walled metal tube and the insulating core rod.
14. A tower, trough or butterfly solar power system using a solar heating system as a heat source as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a turbine and a generator connected to the turbine via a transmission system, wherein high temperature gaseous working medium from the heat exchanger enters the turbine to drive the turbine to rotate, thereby driving the generator to rotate for generating electricity.
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