CN106938455B - Nail shooting bullet for nail shooting fastener and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Nail shooting bullet for nail shooting fastener and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106938455B CN106938455B CN201710078999.5A CN201710078999A CN106938455B CN 106938455 B CN106938455 B CN 106938455B CN 201710078999 A CN201710078999 A CN 201710078999A CN 106938455 B CN106938455 B CN 106938455B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
- B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
- B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
- B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
- B25C1/16—Cartridges specially adapted for impact tools; Cartridge and bolts units
- B25C1/166—Pellets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
- C06B25/20—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with a non-explosive or a non-explosive or a non-thermic component
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a nail shooting pill for a nail shooting fastener and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the nail shooting pill comprises a pill main body of the nail shooting pill and an embedded film coating the pill main body, and the pill main body is prepared from the following raw materials: by weight, based on the energetic material, 100% of the energetic material, 30-120% of a solvent and 5-25% of supplementary water; the embedded film coating the tablet main body is prepared from the following raw materials: 0.01-4% of sealant based on the weight of the tablet main body. The preparation method of the nail shooting pill mainly comprises the process steps of wet plasticizing, drying, forming, blocking and the like. The nail shooting bullet of the invention has an embedded film formed by multifunctional sealant, and has good functions of water resistance, moisture resistance, lubrication, ablation resistance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nail shooting bullet for a nail shooting fastener and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of nail shooting bullets of nail shooting fasteners.
Background
The nail shooting bullets in the nail shooting fastener (nail shooting gun for short) industry at present are divided into steel shell nail shooting bullets and plastic shell nail shooting bullets. The former is that powder with particles such as fine sand is filled in a steel shell case, and the firing pin ignites the powder to do work after striking a primer at the bottom of the shell case; the latter is to put a granular tablet (as Western medicine tablet) into the gun chamber or put it into the plastic shell and then put it into the gun chamber, after the striking pin strikes the tablet, the tablet will produce the combustion work by the sensitivity of the tablet to the strike. There are several different ways of assembling the plastic shell nail shooting pill, and people are used to generally refer to them as shell nail shooting pills or plastic shell nail shooting pills. Explosive cartridges without a plastic shell are also referred to as caseless nailers, often also simply as tablets or pills.
The patent CN97117629.9 discloses a non-percussion shell-less nail shooting ball which is made of adhesive, energetic material and water, and the degree of percussion of the nail shooting ball is low; the non-percussion shell-less nail shooting pill disclosed in patent CN01113241.8 contains adhesive, stabilizer and chemical pigment, the identifiability of different tablets is improved due to the addition of the pigment, but the existence of the adhesive is easy to absorb moisture, and the dead-bullet rate is high; the patent CN200410016637.6 improves the defect of poor percussion performance on the basis of the former two patents, increases high-sensitivity materials and simultaneously increases a protective layer; patent CN201210188018.X selects adhesive, water, stabilizer, energetic material with specific fine-section and good solvent to manufacture tablets on the basis of the former three.
The addition of high-sensitivity materials in the tablets helps to increase the percussion performance of the tablets, but the tablets are extremely easy to explode due to collision and friction during transportation, so that safety problems exist.
The microstructure of the energetic material nitrocellulose is tubular, if the energetic material nitrocellulose is not damaged, the resilience of the shape size of the formed tablet is large, so that the size change of the tablet is not well controlled, and patent 201210188018.X granulates the nitrocellulose with fluffy appearance and then prepares the tablet, but the problem of granulation is solved by adopting a method of adding an adhesive, and the problems of easy moisture absorption and high dead elasticity of the adhesive cannot be avoided. Furthermore, the patent produces rectangular tablets, which are cumbersome to produce and use.
In order to enhance the moisture-proof effect, a protective film is generally formed on the outer surface of the nail-shooting pill. However, the existing protective films are hard films, such as those formed by good solvents in patent 201210188018.X and the like, and are poor in flexibility, and when tablets are assembled in a medicine chamber of a plastic shell, the protective films can be broken in manual assembly or automatic assembly, once the breakage occurs, the breakage is usually invisible to the naked eye, and if treatment measures are not taken in time, the broken tablets with the surface protective films can form dumb bullets due to moisture absorption in the air.
In addition, energetic materials can severely ablate the nail fastener during combustion, thereby reducing the useful life of the nail fastener, and several of the above patents are lacking in the art to address this problem.
Therefore, the field of the nail shooting fastener urgently needs a nail shooting bullet with good moisture-proof effect, low dead-bullet rate, high safety and ablation resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a nail shooting bullet for a nail shooting fastener, which is moisture-proof and ablation-proof.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the nail shooting pill for the nail shooting fastener.
The invention also aims to provide a moistureproof plastic shell nail shooting pill containing the nail shooting pill for the nail shooting fastener.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a nail shooting pill for a nail shooting fastener comprises a pill main body and an embedded film coating the pill main body.
Preferably, the nail cartridge for a nail-shooting fastener according to the present invention further comprises a moisture-proof layer formed of one or more moisture-proof agents selected from paraffin, ozokerite and refined tallow, the moisture-proof layer covering the outer surface of the embedded film. The outer surface of the invention may be the entire outer surface or a part of the outer surface. In some embodiments of the invention, the nail shooting pill is arranged in the plastic shell, only one surface of the nail shooting pill is exposed outside, and the moisture-proof layer can only cover the outer surface of the exposed nail shooting pill.
The tablet main body of the nail shooting bullet for the nail shooting fastener is prepared from the following raw materials: by weight, based on the energetic material as a reference, 100% of the energetic material, 30% -120% of a solvent and 5% -25% of supplementary water; the embedded film coating the tablet main body is prepared from the following raw materials: 0.01 to 4 percent of sealant based on the weight of the main tablet.
The raw materials of the invention are high water-containing energetic materials such as nitrocotton, i.e. the water brought by the purchased energetic materials is supplemented by 5-25 percent of water, which has a great difference compared with the plasticizing requirement of the nail shooting ball in the prior art that the water content is lower than 5 percent; the purpose is as follows: under the combined action of water and solvent, the material is only semi-plasticized and is in a loose granular state, so that the main body tablet is conveniently formed, and the wet plasticizing process in a high-water-content state is safer in production.
The multifunctional sealant which can effectively improve the using effect and the service life of the nail shooting fastener is added into the nail shooting bomb for the nail shooting fastener, so that a protective layer (namely an embedded film) which is embedded into the surface pores of the tablets to a certain depth is formed to plug the tablets, and the waterproof and moisture-proof performances of the product are improved. Moreover, for the nail shooting fastener, after gunpowder is burnt, residual multifunctional sealant is attached to the inside of the nail shooting fastener, so that the nail shooting fastener is lubricated and protected, meanwhile, the ablation and corrosion of the burnt gunpowder on the nail shooting fastener can be reduced, the service life of the nail shooting fastener is prolonged, and the like, therefore, the multifunctional sealant is not only a sealant, but also a corrosion inhibitor of the nail shooting fastener, and is a multifunctional material.
Preferably, the raw materials of the tablet body are: by weight, based on the energetic material, the solvent is 50-80%, and the supplementary water is 20%; the sealant was 3% based on the weight of the bulk tablet.
Preferably, the raw materials of the tablet body further include: based on the energetic material, 0 to 1.8 percent of stabilizer and/or 0.1 to 8 percent of plasticizer are/is calculated by weight. The stabilizer can be flexibly selected according to the actual condition of the tablet, namely a single-base tablet or a multi-base tablet.
Because the microstructure of the energetic material nitrocellulose is tubular, if the microstructure is not damaged, the shape size resilience of the formed tablet is larger, so that the size change of the tablet is difficult to control.
Preferably, the sealant of the present invention is grease.
Preferably, the energetic material of the present invention is nitrocotton, or a combination of nitrocotton and one or more selected from nitroglycerin, nitrotriethylene glycol, nitrodiethylene glycol, and dinitrotoluene.
When the energetic material is solely nitrocellulose, the tablet is also referred to as a single base tablet. The energetic material of the polybase tablet is an absorbent, namely, nitrocotton with different nitrogen contents is taken as a base, and other energetic materials, such as nitroglycerin, triethylene glycol nitrate, diethylene glycol nitrate and the like are added, wherein the latter is not only the energetic material, but also a solvent of the nitrocotton.
When the energetic material is nitrocotton, the stabilizer may be N-nitrosodiphenylamine, 2-nitrodiphenylamine, diphenylamine, resorcinol, or sodium bicarbonate.
When the energetic material is the combination of nitrocotton and one or more selected from nitroglycerin, triethylene glycol nitrate, diethylene glycol nitrate and dinitrotoluene, the stabilizer is one or more selected from 1 # middle stabilizer, 2 # middle stabilizer, vaseline, camphor, rosin, resorcinol or sodium bicarbonate.
When the energetic material is a composition of nitrocotton and other energetic materials (i.e., an absorbent), the content of nitrocotton in the energetic material is preferably not less than 60%.
Preferably, the solvent of the present invention is a mixed solvent composed of one or more of ethyl acetate, acetone, acetaldehyde, diethyl ether, ethanol, toluene, methylfuran, benzene, dinitrotoluene and xylene, but is not a single toluene or xylene solvent.
Preferably, the finished product of the nail shooting bullet has the water content of not more than 0.8%, the residual solvent content of not more than 1.3%, the sealant content of 0.01-4%, the plasticizer content of 0.1-8%, the density of 1.34 +/-0.02, the detonation heat of 3000-5450J/g, the specific volume of 600-1200L/kg, the impact sensitivity of less than 1.80 kg/m, the diameter of 4.0-9.5 mm and the thickness of 2.5-7.5 mm.
Preferably, the plasticizer of the present invention is selected from one or more of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, tribenzoate phosphate and grease-like grease.
The nail shooting pill can be directly used as a tablet in the prior art, namely a shell-free nail shooting pill in the prior art, and the nail shooting pill can be further assembled with a plastic shell and other components to obtain a shell-containing nail shooting pill or a plastic shell nail shooting pill in the prior art, so that the nail shooting pill in the patent comprises the two concepts and further extension concepts.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nail shooting bullet for the nail shooting fastener, which comprises the following steps:
A. wet plasticizing: fully stirring and uniformly mixing the energetic material, the solvent and the supplementing water, and performing wet plasticization;
B. drying: drying the solvent and the water to obtain loose granular materials;
C. molding: putting the dried material in a mould, and pressing into a required cylindrical shape to obtain a tablet main body;
D. plugging: heating and melting the sealant to a liquid state; heating the nail shooting pill main body, controlling the temperature to be 5-55 ℃ higher than the ambient temperature, and continuing for a period of time; and then spraying the liquid sealant to the tablet main body, and naturally cooling to normal temperature after spraying to obtain the nail shooting bullet for the nail shooting fastener with the embedded film.
The materials were weighed. And starting the kneader, adding the energy-containing material, water and the solvent in sequence, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, performing wet plasticization, and finally enabling the energy-containing material to be in loose granules. And then drying by hot air to drive out volatile components such as moisture in the material, and obtaining the material with loose appearance and a particle state. And putting the dried material in a mold, and pressing and molding by using a machine to obtain the tablet. The tablet formed by pressing can be screened by a manual or tablet sorting machine, and the qualified tablet enters the blocking process. The principle of plugging is that the pressure inside the tablet is smaller than the pressure on the outer surface of the tablet to form a pressure difference, and the sealant is pressed into the pores inside the tablet to a certain depth by utilizing the pressure difference, so that communication channels inside and outside the tablet are plugged, the aim of preventing water and moisture is fulfilled, and the effect is better than that of only forming a layer of hardened film on the surface of the tablet in the prior art.
Preferably, the plasticizer is added in the wet plasticization in the step A of the preparation method of the nail-shooting pill for wet plasticization, the wet plasticization can be carried out in a kneader, the wet plasticization temperature is not higher than 35 ℃ in some embodiments of the invention, and the rotation speed of the kneader is 20 r/min-70 r/min.
Adding a plasticizer into a solvent, uniformly stirring to prepare a plasticizing solution, then adding a kneader which is added with an energetic material and is started, continuously stirring, and finally enabling the energetic material to be in a loose granular state, wherein the nitrocotton in the energetic material is dissolved into an incomplete plasticizing state by the solvent, and finishing wet plasticizing.
Preferably, a stabilizer is added in the step A of the preparation method of the nail shooting pill and the plastic shell nail shooting pill. If the plasticizer is added at the same time, the stabilizer is dissolved in the solvent or water and stirred uniformly to prepare the stabilizing liquid, then the plasticizer is added in the solvent and stirred uniformly to prepare the plasticizing solution, and the plasticizing solution and the energetic material are stirred uniformly continuously to carry out wet plasticizing.
Preferably, a safety protective agent is added in the step A of the preparation method of the nail shooting pill and the plastic shell nail shooting pill, the safety protective agent is carbon tetrachloride or nitrogen, preferably carbon tetrachloride, and the safety protective agent is a reagent for isolating materials from oxygen.
Preferably, the step B of the preparation method of the nail shooting pill and the plastic shell nail shooting pill recovers the solvent while drying, the technical scheme of solvent recovery is multiple, and the drying tail gas condensation recovery method is better through comprehensive comparison. And cooling the solvent dried by the hot air into a liquid solvent through a condenser, and recycling the liquid solvent again, wherein in some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the hot air for drying is 35-120 ℃, and the discharge temperature of the condenser is not higher than 35 ℃.
The invention also provides a moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting pill containing the nail shooting pill for the nail shooting fastener. As known to those skilled in the art, the nail cartridge of the present invention can be assembled with components such as a housing according to a conventional method to obtain various types of nail cartridges. If the nail shooting bullet is assembled in the bowl-shaped plastic shell, the plastic shell nail shooting bullet is obtained; the plastic shell nail shooting pill can further assemble a fixing piece, a nail shooting and the like to form a nail shooting part, and the plastic shell nail shooting pill comprises the former concept and an extended nail shooting part concept.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting pill containing the nail shooting pill for the nail shooting fastener, the nail shooting pill is prepared according to the preparation method, and then the following steps are carried out:
E. moisture protection: and D, pressing the nail shooting pill obtained in the step D into a medicine chamber of the plastic shell, immediately putting the nail shooting pill into a moisture-proof agent (such as paraffin, ceresin, refined tallow and the like) with the temperature of less than 60 ℃ for soaking, and uniformly covering a moisture-proof layer on the exposed surface part of the nail shooting pill to obtain the plastic shell nail shooting pill.
And assembling the nail shooting bullet with the fixing piece, the clamping ring and the nail shooting to obtain the plastic shell bullet nail piece.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the nail shooting pill for the nail shooting fastener comprises a nail shooting pill main body and an embedded film coating the pill main body, wherein the embedded film is formed by a sealing agent through a plugging process, can be embedded and permeated into pores of the pill main body, seals and blocks the pills, is moisture-proof, reduces the dummy bullet rate, can reduce the ablation and corrosion of gunpowder to the nail shooting fastener after the pills are combusted, and has multiple effects of prolonging the service life of the nail shooting fastener and the like. The nail shooting bomb for the nail shooting fastener also well improves the fluffy structure of the nitrocotton by adding the supplementary water, the solvent and the plasticizer into the raw materials, so that the nitrocotton is in a semi-plasticized state, the safety of the production process is ensured, and the problems of moisture absorption and formation of dumb bombs caused by the improvement of the fluffy structure of the nitrocotton by using the adhesive are avoided. The invention also adopts the additional use of the safety protective agent for isolating oxygen, so that the production process is safer. In addition, the solvent used in production is recycled in the preparation process, so that the cost is reduced, and the environmental pollution and potential safety hazard are reduced.
Detailed Description
The above-described aspects of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. This should not be understood as limiting the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present invention to the following examples. All the technologies realized based on the above contents of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.
The nail cartridge for a nail fastener of the present invention includes a tablet main body and an embedded film covering the tablet main body.
The nail-shooting cartridge for nail-shooting fasteners of the present invention may further comprise a moisture-proof layer formed of one or more moisture-proof agents selected from paraffin, ozokerite and refined tallow, the moisture-proof layer covering the outer surface of the embedded film.
The tablet main body is prepared from the following raw materials: by weight, based on the energetic material as a reference, 100% of the energetic material, 30% -120% of a solvent and 5% -25% of supplementary water; the embedded film coating the tablet main body is prepared from the following raw materials: 0.01 to 4 percent of sealant based on the weight of the main tablet.
In some preferred embodiments, one or a combination of 0.1-8% of plasticizer, 0.0-1.8% of stabilizer and safety protective agent can be optionally added.
The energetic material is nitrocotton, or the combination of nitrocotton and one or more selected from nitroglycerin, triethylene glycol nitrate, diethylene glycol nitrate and dinitrotoluene.
The solvent is selected from a mixed solvent consisting of one or more of ethyl acetate, acetone, acetaldehyde, diethyl ether, ethanol, toluene, methyl furan, benzene, dinitrotoluene and xylene, but the solvent is not single toluene or xylene.
The sealant is selected from grease.
The plasticizer is selected from one or more of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, phosphoric acid tribenzoate and grease-shaped lubricating grease.
The moisture-proof agent is one or more selected from paraffin, ceresin and refined tallow.
The safety protective agent is a reagent for isolating materials from oxygen, preferably nitrogen or carbon tetrachloride, and more preferably carbon tetrachloride.
When the energetic material is nitrocotton, the stabilizer is N-nitrosodiphenylamine, 2-nitrodiphenylamine, diphenylamine, resorcinol or sodium bicarbonate; when the energetic material is the combination of nitrocotton and one or more selected from nitroglycerin, triethylene glycol nitrate, diethylene glycol nitrate and dinitrotoluene, the stabilizer is one or more selected from 1 # middle stabilizer, 2 # middle stabilizer, vaseline, camphor, rosin, resorcinol or sodium bicarbonate.
The nail shooting bomb for the nail shooting fastener can be a shell-free nail shooting bomb, and can also be further assembled into a shell-containing nail shooting bomb. The shell-contained nail shooting pill is assembled in the medicine chamber of the shell. As known by those skilled in the art, the nail shooting pill of the invention is prepared and assembled according to the conventional method to obtain various types of moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting pills.
The invention provides a preparation method of a nail shooting bullet for a nail shooting fastener, which comprises the following steps:
A. wet plasticizing: fully stirring and uniformly mixing the energetic material, the solvent and the supplementing water, and performing wet plasticization;
B. drying: drying the solvent and the water to obtain loose granular materials;
C. molding: putting the dried material in a mold, and pressing into a required cylindrical shape to obtain a tablet;
D. plugging: heating and melting the sealant to a liquid state; heating the tablet main body to 5-55 deg.C higher than ambient temperature, and maintaining for a period of time; and then spraying the liquid sealant to the tablet main body, and naturally cooling to normal temperature after spraying to obtain the nail shooting bullet for the nail shooting fastener with the embedded film.
Starting the kneader, firstly adding the energetic material, then adding water, uniformly stirring, and finally enabling the energetic material to be in loose granules. And then drying by hot air to drive out volatile components such as moisture in the energetic material, thereby obtaining the material with loose appearance and a granular state. And putting the dried material in a mould, and pressing and molding by using the pressure of a machine to obtain the tablet main body. The tablet formed by pressing can be screened by a manual or tablet sorting machine, and the qualified tablet enters the blocking process. Plugging means that: heating the sealant to melt to a liquid state; heating the tablet at a temperature 5-55 deg.C higher than ambient temperature for a period of time; and then spraying the liquid sealant to the tablets, and naturally cooling to normal temperature after spraying, thus discharging.
According to the preferable technical scheme of adding the plasticizer, in the wet plasticizing step, the plasticizer is added into the solvent and uniformly stirred to prepare a plasticizing solution, then the kneader which is added with the energy-containing material and is started is added, stirring is continued, finally the energy-containing material is in loose granules, the nitrocotton in the energy-containing material is dissolved into an incomplete plasticizing state by the solvent, and wet plasticizing is finished.
For the preferable technical scheme of adding the stabilizer, the stabilizer is dissolved in the solvent or water and uniformly stirred to prepare the stabilizing solution in the wet plasticizing step, if the plasticizer needs to be added, the plasticizer is added into the solvent and uniformly stirred to prepare the plasticizing solution, and finally, the plasticizing solution and the energetic material are continuously and uniformly stirred.
For the preferable technical scheme of adding the safety protective agent, in the wet plasticizing step, the safety protective agent is finally added and then is uniformly mixed with other materials, and the safety protective agent can be carbon tetrachloride or nitrogen; carbon tetrachloride is preferred.
In the drying step, preferably, the solvent dried by the hot air is cooled into a liquid solvent by a condenser and recycled, the temperature of the hot air for drying is 35-120 ℃, and the discharge temperature of the condenser is not higher than 35 ℃.
For the preferable compression molding technical scheme, the dried material is placed in a mold and is compressed into a required cylindrical shape to obtain a semi-finished tablet main body.
For the preferred plugging technical scheme, the sealant is heated and melted to be in a liquid state; heating the tablet body to about 5-55 deg.C above ambient temperature for a period of time; and then spraying the liquid sealant to the tablet main body, and naturally cooling to normal temperature after spraying to obtain the finished product nail shooting bullet for the nail shooting fastener with the embedded film. The invention further provides a preparation method of the moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting pill containing the nail shooting pill for the nail shooting fastener, the nail shooting pill is prepared according to the preparation method, and then the following steps are carried out:
E. moisture protection: and D, pressing the nail shooting pill obtained in the step D into a medicine chamber of the plastic shell, immediately putting the nail shooting pill into a moisture-proof agent (such as paraffin, ceresin or refined beef tallow) with the temperature of less than 60 ℃ for soaking, and uniformly covering a moisture-proof layer on the exposed surface part of the nail shooting pill to obtain the moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting pill.
Example 1 preparation of a nail-shooting bullet for a nail-shooting fastener and a moisture-proof plastic-shell nail-shooting bullet therefor
Based on the weight of the nitrocotton, 1 kg (100%) of B-grade nitrocotton (dry weight) with nitrogen content of more than or equal to 13.12%, 80% of ethyl acetate and 20% of make-up water are weighed according to respective weight percentages.
Starting the kneader, wherein the rotation speed of the kneader is less than 30 r/min, firstly adding nitrocotton and make-up water, then adding ethyl acetate, and uniformly stirring the materials for wet plasticization. And pouring the wet and plasticized material into a dryer, starting an air heater, heating the air to a temperature of less than 45 ℃, taking away the solvent and the moisture after the hot air passes through the material, stopping drying until the moisture content is lower than 0.8 percent and the residual solvent content is lower than 1.3 percent, and discharging. And pouring the dried material into a compression molding machine, pressing the material in a mold of the machine under the action of pressure to obtain a tablet main body, and picking and removing the defective tablets manually or by the machine.
The grease was weighed to be 3% by weight of the tablet body. Then heating the grease to be melted into liquid state; heating the tablet for a period of time to bring the temperature of the tablet above ambient temperature and to a temperature differential of about 15 ℃ for a period of time; and then quickly pouring the tablets into a machine, starting the machine to rotate, spraying the molten liquid paste lubricating grease to the tablets by using a spray gun, and naturally cooling to room temperature after spraying to obtain the nail shooting ball for the nail shooting fastener. Here, grease (paste-like) penetration depth: less than 0.8 mm.
The obtained nail shooting bullets are pressed into a medicine chamber of the plastic shell one by one, and are assembled manually or automatically, the flat loading is required to be carried out as far as possible, the exposed size of the tablets is not more than 0.3 mm, the operation process is careful, the sealing layer on the surfaces of the tablets is reduced as far as possible when the tablets are pressed, and the packed semi-finished products quickly enter a moisture-proof treatment process. Soaking in paraffin as moisture-proof agent at temperature less than 60 deg.C to make the exposed surface of the nail shooting ball uniformly cover a layer of moisture-proof layer, so as to obtain the moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting ball.
The solvent ethyl acetate can be replaced by acetone or ethyl acetate-acetaldehyde, and the moisture-proof agent paraffin can be replaced by ceresin and refined tallow.
Example 2
Based on the weight of the nitrocotton, 1 kg of B-grade nitrocotton (dry weight) with the nitrogen content of more than or equal to 13.12 percent, 80 percent of acetone, 20 percent of make-up water and 1.0 percent of dibutyl phthalate are weighed according to the respective weight percentage, and the sealant is used for weighing paste lubricating grease which is equivalent to 3 percent of the weight of the tablet main body.
Dibutyl phthalate is added into a proper amount of acetone and uniformly stirred to prepare a plasticizing solution. Starting the kneading machine, firstly adding nitrocotton, then adding acetone, uniformly stirring, then adding a plasticizing solution, continuously stirring for wet plasticizing, wherein the wet plasticizing temperature is as follows: the rotating speed of the kneader is less than 30 r/min and less than 35 ℃.
The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
Based on the weight of the nitrocotton, 1 kg of C-grade nitrocotton (dry weight) with the nitrogen content of 11.87-12.38%, 80% of ethanol-diethyl ether mixed solvent, 1.0% of dioctyl phthalate, 20% of make-up water and 0.2% of diphenylamine (or sodium bicarbonate) are weighed according to the respective weight percentages. The sealing agent was weighed to obtain a grease lubricant in an amount of 3% by weight of the tablet body.
Dissolving diphenylamine in alcohol, dissolving sodium bicarbonate in water, stirring to obtain stable solution, adding dioctyl phthalate in alcohol, and stirring to obtain plasticized solution. Mixing 1 volume of ethanol and 2 volumes of ether to prepare an ethanol-ether mixed solvent. The remaining steps from wet plasticization were the same as in example 1.
The mixed solvent of ethanol and ether can be replaced by mixed solvent of ethyl acetate, acetone, ethyl acetate-ethanol-toluene or mixed solvent of methyl furan-ethanol.
Example 4
The weight of the nitrocotton is taken as a reference, 1 kg of B, C-grade mixed nitrocotton (dry weight) with the nitrogen content of 12.75-13.00 percent, 80 percent of ethanol-ether mixed solvent, 1.0 percent of dibutyl phthalate (or lubricating grease), 0.2 percent of N-nitrosodiphenylamine (or sodium bicarbonate), 30 percent of carbon tetrachloride and 20 percent of supplementary water are weighed, and the sealing agent is used for weighing the grease which is 3 percent of the weight of the tablet main body, and the grease is weighed according to the weight percentage of each grease.
Dissolving N-nitrosodiphenylamine in proper amount of ethanol (or water if sodium bicarbonate is used), stirring uniformly to prepare a stable solution, adding dibutyl phthalate in proper amount of ethanol, and stirring uniformly to prepare a plasticizing solution. Mixing 1 volume of ethanol and 2 volumes of ether to prepare an ethanol-ether mixed solvent.
The remaining steps from wet plasticization were the same as in example 1.
The mixed solvent of ethanol and ether can be replaced by ethyl acetate, acetone, mixed solvent of ethyl acetate, ethanol and toluene, mixed solvent of methyl furan and ethanol, acetaldehyde, toluene, benzene, xylene, etc.
Example 5
The energetic material uses an absorbent with the water content of not less than 28 percent, the absorbent (dry weight) is 1 kg (100 percent), the absorbent is D-grade nitrocotton, the content of the absorbent is 88.8 percent, the content of nitroglycerin is 11 percent, a No. 2 medium agent (or sodium bicarbonate) is 0.2 percent, ethyl acetate is 50 percent, dibutyl phthalate is 1 percent, carbon tetrachloride is 30 percent, water is supplemented by 20 percent, and grease which is 3 percent of the weight of the tablet main body is weighed by the sealant and weighed according to the respective weight percent.
Starting the kneader, wherein the rotation speed of the kneader is less than 30 r/min, firstly adding the absorbent, then adding the supplementary water, then adding the ethyl acetate solvent and the dibutyl phthalate, finally adding the carbon tetrachloride, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, and performing wet plasticization, wherein the temperature in the plasticization process is less than 35 ℃, and finally the obtained material is in loose granules.
The other steps from the drying are the same as those in example 4.
The solvent ethyl acetate can be replaced by acetone and the like; the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate can be replaced by dioctyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate or phosphoric acid tribenzoate.
Example 6
The energetic material uses an absorbent with the water content of not less than 28 percent, the absorbent (dry weight) is taken as a reference for various materials, 1 kilogram of the absorbent (dry weight) (the components of the absorbent are 86.3 percent of D-grade nitrocotton, 10 percent of nitroglycerin, 3.5 percent of triethylene glycol, 0.2 percent of No. 2 medium stabilizer), 50 percent of ethyl acetate, 1.0 percent of dibutyl phthalate, 30 percent of carbon tetrachloride and 20 percent of supplementary water, and paste lubricating grease which is 3 percent of the weight of the tablet main body is weighed by the sealant and weighed according to the respective weight percentage.
The procedure for the preparation starting from wet plasticization is the same as in example 5.
Example 7
The energetic material uses an absorbent with the water content of not less than 28 percent, the absorbent (dry weight) is taken as a reference for various materials, 1 kg of the absorbent (dry weight) (the components of the absorbent are 86.3 percent of D-grade nitrocotton, 10 percent of nitroglycerin, 3.5 percent of triethylene glycol and 0.2 percent of No. 2 medium stabilizer), 50 percent of ethyl acetate-acetone (volume ratio is 7:3), 0.5 percent of lubricating grease and 18 percent of supplementary water, and the sealing agent is used for weighing paste lubricating grease which is 1 percent of the weight of the tablet main body, and the paste lubricating grease is weighed according to the respective weight percentage.
The wet plasticization step was filled with nitrogen as a safety protection agent, and the rest of the preparation steps from the wet plasticization were the same as in example 5.
Example 8
The energetic material uses an absorbent with the water content of not less than 28 percent, the absorbent (dry weight) is taken as a reference, 1 kilogram of the absorbent (dry weight) (the components of the absorbent are 81 percent of D-grade nitrocotton, 13.5 percent of nitroglycerin, 4 percent of triethylene glycol, 1.5 percent of vaseline (or rosin)), 100 percent of acetone-toluene (volume ratio is 2:1), 3.0 percent of lubricating grease, 25 percent of supplementary water and 0.5 percent of sealant which are weighed according to the weight percentage of the grease, and the grease is weighed according to the weight percentage of the grease.
The procedure was as in example 7.
Comparative example
Oven dried (kg): nitrocotton 69 with the nitration degree of 213g/mL and the fineness of 80 mL; diphenylamine (stabilizer) 1; 30 parts of water; HPMC (viscosity 200000cps, water content 5% or less) 1; and (4) water 70.
The adhesive is prepared into an aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 0.5 percent, and the stabilizer diphenylamine is prepared into a diphenylamine ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 10 percent by using ethanol with the volume concentration of 95 percent; taking cellulose nitrate and putting into a kneading machine; cellulose nitrate estersGradually adding a diphenylamine ethanol solution with a solute absolute dry weight of 0.8% and a 0.5% adhesive aqueous solution into a kneader according to a dry weight; mixing and granulating for 20 minutes at 20-35 ℃; drying the granulated mixture at 70 ℃ until the water content is 8%; sieving the dried materials to obtain 10-60 meshes of materials for later use; compressing in a tabletting machine to obtain tablets with a density of 1.36g/cm3(ii) a Drying at 70-90 deg.C to water content of 0.8%; and (3) comprehensively spraying ethyl acetate on the tablet subjected to compression molding, and drying at 50-70 ℃ after spraying to form a cellulose nitrate film, wherein the thickness of the cellulose nitrate film is 0.18mm, so as to obtain the product.
Example 9 Damp resistance and firing Performance test
The products obtained in the examples 1 and 3 and the products obtained in the comparative example are placed for 72 hours in an environment with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ and the humidity of 70-75%, and 100 samples are taken before and after placement to measure the percussion rate. The firing rate is (number of samples-number of dumps)/number of samples 100%.
As can be seen from the above table, the cartridge for a nail-shooting fastener of the present invention has a high firing rate (> 90%), and can maintain a high firing rate even when stored in a humid environment for a long time.
Claims (18)
1. A nail cartridge for a nail cartridge fastener, wherein the nail cartridge comprises a nail cartridge tablet body and an embedded film covering the tablet body, and does not contain a binder, the embedded film is made of a raw material including a sealant, the sealant is a grease, and the nail cartridge is prepared by a method comprising the steps of:
A. wet plasticizing: fully stirring and uniformly mixing the energetic material, the solvent and the supplementing water, and performing wet plasticization;
B. drying: drying the solvent and the water to obtain loose granular materials;
C. molding: putting the dried material in a mould, and pressing into a required cylindrical shape to obtain a tablet main body;
D. plugging: heating and melting the sealant to a liquid state; heating the tablet main body to 5-55 deg.C higher than ambient temperature, and maintaining for a period of time; and then spraying the liquid sealant to the tablet main body, and naturally cooling to normal temperature after spraying to obtain the nail shooting bullet for the nail shooting fastener with the embedded film.
2. The nail cartridge for a nail gun fastener according to claim 1, further comprising a moisture-proof layer formed of one or more moisture-proof agents selected from the group consisting of paraffin, ozokerite, and refined tallow, the moisture-proof layer covering an outer surface of the embedded film.
3. The cartridge of claim 1, wherein said tablet body is made from materials comprising the following composition: by weight, based on the energetic material as a reference, 100% of the energetic material, 30% -120% of a solvent and 5% -25% of supplementary water; the embedded film coating the tablet main body is prepared from the following raw materials: 0.01 to 4 percent of sealant based on the weight of the main tablet.
4. The cartridge for a nail gun fastener according to claim 3, wherein said tablet body material further comprises: based on the energetic material, 0 to 1.8 percent of stabilizer and/or 0.1 to 8 percent of plasticizer are/is calculated by weight.
5. The cartridge of claim 3, wherein the solvent is 50% to 80%, the make-up water is 20%, and the sealant is 3%.
6. The nail cartridge for a nail gun fastener according to claim 3, wherein the energetic material is nitrocellulose, or a combination of nitrocellulose and one or more selected from nitroglycerin, nitrotriethylene glycol, nitrodiethylene glycol, and dinitrotoluene.
7. The projectile for a nail gun fastener according to claim 4 wherein, when the energetic material is nitrocotton, the stabilizer is N-nitrosodiphenylamine, 2-nitrodiphenylamine, diphenylamine, resorcinol or sodium bicarbonate.
8. The nail cartridge for a nail-shooting fastener according to claim 4, wherein when the energetic material is nitrocotton in combination with one or more selected from nitroglycerin, nitrotriethylene glycol, nitrodiethylene glycol, and dinitrotoluene, the stabilizer is one or more selected from the group consisting of a number 1 stabilizer, a number 2 stabilizer, vaseline, camphor, rosin, resorcinol, and sodium bicarbonate.
9. The nail cartridge for a nail gun fastener according to claim 8, wherein when the energetic material is a combination of nitrocotton and one or more selected from nitroglycerin, nitrotriethylene glycol, nitrodiethylene glycol, and dinitrotoluene, the content of nitrocotton in the energetic material is not less than 60%.
10. The nail cartridge for nail-shooting fasteners according to claim 3, wherein said solvent is a mixed solvent composed of one or more of ethyl acetate, acetone, acetaldehyde, diethyl ether, ethanol, toluene, methylfuran, benzene, dinitrotoluene and xylene, and toluene or xylene is not used as a single solvent.
11. The nail cartridge for nail-shooting fastener according to claim 3, wherein the water content of the finished nail cartridge is not higher than 0.8%, the residual solvent content is not higher than 1.3%, the sealant content is 0.01-4%, the plasticizer content is 0.1-8%, and the density is 1.34 ± 0.02g/cm33000-5450J/g of explosion heat, 600-1200L/kg of specific volume, less than 1.80 kg/m of impact sensitivity, 4.0-9.5 mm of diameter and 2.5-7.5 mm of thickness.
12. The projectile for a nail gun fastener according to claim 4 wherein said plasticizer is selected from one or more of dibutyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, tribenzoate phosphate and grease.
13. A method of preparing a nail cartridge for a nail gun fastener according to any one of claims 1 to 12, comprising the steps of:
A. wet plasticizing: fully stirring and uniformly mixing the energetic material, the solvent and the supplementing water, and performing wet plasticization;
B. drying: drying the solvent and the water to obtain loose granular materials;
C. molding: putting the dried material in a mould, and pressing into a required cylindrical shape to obtain a tablet main body;
D. plugging: heating and melting the sealant to a liquid state; heating the tablet main body to 5-55 deg.C higher than ambient temperature, and maintaining for a period of time; and then spraying the liquid sealant to the tablet main body, and naturally cooling to normal temperature after spraying to obtain the nail shooting bullet for the nail shooting fastener with the embedded film.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein step a is wet plasticized with the addition of a plasticizer.
15. The method of claim 13, wherein step a comprises adding a stabilizer or/and a safener, wherein the safener is carbon tetrachloride or nitrogen.
16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the solvent is recovered in step B while drying, and the solvent dried by hot air is cooled to a liquid solvent by a condenser and recycled.
17. A moisture-proof plastic-casing nail projectile incorporating the nail-shooting cartridge for a nail-shooting fastener as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, said moisture-proof plastic-casing nail-shooting cartridge comprising a plastic casing and a nail-shooting cartridge disposed therein.
18. The method for preparing the moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting pill of claim 17, which comprises the following steps:
E. moisture protection: and pressing the nail shooting fastener with the embedded film into a medicine chamber of the plastic shell by using the nail shooting bomb, immediately putting the nail shooting fastener into a moisture-proof agent with the temperature of less than 60 ℃ for soaking, and uniformly covering a moisture-proof layer on the exposed surface part of the nail shooting bomb to obtain the moisture-proof plastic shell nail shooting bomb.
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| CN110194709B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2021-07-13 | 宜宾鼎天新材料科技有限公司 | Coating layer of moisture-proof nail-shooting tablet and coating process thereof |
| CN110861233A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-06 | 四川北方硝化棉股份有限公司 | Method for plasticizing nitrocellulose chip |
| CN110845914A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-28 | 四川北方硝化棉股份有限公司 | Nitrocellulose paint sheet plasticizing process |
| CN113912465A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-11 | 长沙士象消防科技有限公司 | Moisture-proof and waterproof thermosensitive wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN114437376B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-09-26 | 北方化学工业股份有限公司 | Preparation method of nitrocotton for nail shooting medicine |
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| DE19905548A1 (en) * | 1999-02-11 | 2000-08-17 | Hilti Ag | Cartridge magazine |
| US20110198383A1 (en) * | 2010-02-12 | 2011-08-18 | Fernando Masas | Apparatus for installing explosively driven fasteners and fasteners for use therewith |
| CN101844954B (en) * | 2010-05-21 | 2012-06-27 | 南京理工大学 | Microporous smokeless firework explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN102584505A (en) * | 2012-01-16 | 2012-07-18 | 南京理工大学 | Modular smokeless firework ammunition capable of improving dampproof performance and preparation method for modular smokeless firework ammunition |
| CN105330495A (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2016-02-17 | 泸州北方化学工业有限公司 | Coated priming composition-free nail-shooting ammunition pellet formula and preparation method thereof |
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