CN106937252B - RFID base station unit for indoor positioning - Google Patents
RFID base station unit for indoor positioning Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/77—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for interrogation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention relates to an RFID base station unit for indoor positioning, which comprises a plurality of RFID readers-writers and a control unit, wherein the control unit respectively controls the RFID readers-writers to respectively send data requests so that RFID electronic tags in an action range respond; after the RFID reader-writer receives a signal returned by the RFID electronic tag, acquiring data carried in the signal and transmitting the data to the control unit; and the control unit processes the data transmitted by the at least two RFID readers to obtain positioning information and uploads the positioning information to a server through a network. The RFID base station unit for indoor positioning has the following beneficial effects: the accurate position of the RFID electronic tag in the action range of the RFID base station unit can be accurately determined.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency identification, and more particularly, to an RFID base station unit for indoor positioning.
Background
For personnel or equipment positioning, if the positioning needs to be carried out in a large range or in the field, under most conditions, the GPS or Beidou system can well solve the problem, positioning terminals of the two systems are configured for the personnel or the equipment, almost all positioning capable of receiving satellite signal positions can be achieved, and the positioning positions are accurate. However, in a place where satellite signals cannot be received, where satellite signals are not good, or where positions overlap, for example, in a hall of a building or in a high-rise building (for example, in a space where a plurality of spaces overlap in height), the above positioning method cannot perform positioning or has a very poor effect even if positioning is difficult. In some cases, it is necessary to record the positioning or movement track in the space that cannot be positioned, and in the prior art, positioning is usually achieved by superimposing other technical means in the positioning technology, for example, GPS plus GPSONE of a mobile communication base station. However, since the range of the communication base station is relatively large and its directivity is poor, such a positioning is only an estimate of an approximate position. Therefore, in the prior art, for some specific occasions, such as a hall of a building or a closed-top yard, a more accurate positioning cannot be achieved due to the lack of satellite signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an RFID base station unit for indoor positioning, which can perform indoor positioning more accurately, in view of the above-mentioned defect of the prior art that cannot perform accurate positioning due to GPS signal loss during indoor positioning.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: constructing an RFID base station unit for indoor positioning, wherein the RFID base station unit comprises a plurality of RFID readers-writers and a control unit, and the control unit respectively controls the RFID readers-writers to respectively send data requests so that RFID electronic tags in an action range of the RFID base station unit respond; after the RFID reader-writer receives a signal returned by the RFID electronic tag, acquiring data carried in the signal and transmitting the data to the control unit; and the control unit processes the data transmitted by the at least two RFID readers to obtain positioning information and uploads the positioning information to a server through a network.
Further, the plurality of RFID readers comprise a master RFID reader and at least one slave RFID reader; the control unit enables the master RFID reader-writer to always send a data request when working, monitors whether the master RFID reader-writer receives a return signal returned by the RFID electronic tag, and outputs a control signal when the return signal is confirmed and the identification code of the master RFID reader-writer is carried in the return signal, so that at least one slave RFID reader-writer starts working.
Furthermore, the control unit also monitors a return signal of the RFID electronic tag received by the connected slave RFID reader-writer, acquires the data content in the return signal, and forms positioning information together with the data content returned by the RFID electronic tag to the master RFID reader-writer to be uploaded to the server.
Further, the control unit turns on the slave RFID readers one by one, and after information or data in a return signal received from an RFID reader is acquired, the remaining, unopened slave RFID readers in the RFID base station unit are not turned on any more.
Further, each RFID reader includes an independent antenna, and the antenna structures of the plurality of RFID readers in one RFID base station unit are the same or different.
Furthermore, a plurality of RFID readers in one RFID base station unit operate in different frequency bands, and use different communication protocols and have different identification codes known to the control unit of the RFID base station unit.
Furthermore, when the control unit obtains a signal sent by an RFID electronic tag to an RFID reader-writer, the control unit searches a signal intensity table which is stored in advance and corresponds to the RFID reader-writer according to the signal intensity of the signal, obtains a distance value corresponding to the signal intensity, and adds the distance value into positioning data.
Further, the control unit transmits data contents of an RFID tag transmitted to different RFID readers in the RFID base station unit as a positioning information to the server.
Furthermore, the control unit and the RFID reader-writers connected with the control unit and controlled by the control unit are connected through cables so that different RFID reader-writers can be arranged at different spatial positions when the RFID reader-writers are arranged in the positioning space.
Furthermore, the control unit and the plurality of RFID readers are arranged in the same shell, and each RFID reader and the antenna connected with the RFID reader are connected through a cable so that different RFID reader antennas can be arranged at different spatial positions when the RFID readers are arranged in the positioning space.
The RFID base station unit for indoor positioning has the following beneficial effects: because the RFID base station unit is provided with a plurality of RFID readers-writers and a control unit, after an RFID electronic tag enters the action range of the RFID base station unit, the RFID electronic tag sequentially returns signals to different RFID readers-writers in the base station unit (the actions of the RFID readers-writers in one RFID base station unit on the electronic tag are in a certain sequence, so the return signals are in a certain sequence), and the accurate position of the RFID electronic tag in the action range of the RFID base station unit can be accurately determined under the condition that the setting positions of the RFID readers-writers or the antennae of the RFID readers-writers in the RFID base station unit are known in advance through the identity identification codes and the signal strength of the RFID readers-writers carried in the return signals. Meanwhile, for an indoor space, the RFID base station units covering the space can realize more accurate positioning in the space.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an RFID base unit in an embodiment of the RFID base unit for indoor positioning of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of beam coverage of a plurality of RFID readers of the RFID base unit in one case in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment of an RFID base station unit for indoor positioning according to the present invention, the RFID base station unit includes a plurality of RFID readers and a control unit, where the control unit controls the plurality of RFID readers to send data requests respectively, so that RFID electronic tags in an action range respond; after the RFID reader-writer receives a signal returned by the RFID electronic tag, data carried in the returned signal is obtained and transmitted to the control unit; and the control unit processes the data transmitted by the at least two RFID readers to obtain positioning information and uploads the positioning information to a server through a network. In this embodiment, the control unit provides power or control signals for controlling the power to be turned on or off for the plurality of RFID readers (see the single arrow channel connecting the control unit and each RFID reader in fig. 1), so that each RFID reader works or does not work; meanwhile, the control unit is further connected to the RFID readers via one or more separate data channels for interaction of data and instructions between the control unit and the RFID readers, and fig. 1 shows a case where the control unit is connected to each RFID reader via a separate data channel.
In this embodiment, a plurality of RFID readers in one RFID base station unit are not identical, and these RFID readers have respective characteristics or functions. Specifically, the plurality of RFID readers includes one master RFID reader and at least one slave RFID reader; under the action of the control unit, the master RFID reader-writer always sends a data request when working, the control unit monitors whether the master RFID reader-writer receives a return signal returned by the RFID electronic tag, and when the master RFID reader-writer confirms that the return signal carries the identification code of the master RFID reader-writer, a control signal is output, so that at least one slave RFID reader-writer starts working and obtains the return signal sent by the RFID electronic tag to the slave RFID reader-writer. And the control unit also monitors a return signal of the RFID electronic tag received by the connected slave RFID reader-writer, acquires the data content in the return signal, and forms positioning data or positioning information together with the data content returned by the RFID electronic tag to the master RFID reader-writer to upload the positioning data or the positioning information to the server.
In other words, when the RFID base station unit is operating, the control unit first causes the main RFID to send a data request, and adds the identification code of the RFID tag to the return signal after the RFID tag within the range of action receives the request; after receiving the return signal of the electronic tag, the main RFID reader-writer acquires data therein and transmits the data to the control unit; after receiving the data, the control unit knows that an RFID electronic tag appears in the coverage area of the master RFID reader-writer, that is, a person enters the coverage area, and then outputs a control signal, so that one of the multiple slave RFID readers-writers starts to work, and sends a data request, if the RFID electronic tag (actually, the person carrying the electronic tag) is in the coverage area of the slave RFID reader-writer, the RFID electronic tag sends a return signal to the slave RFID reader-writer, and similarly, the return signal carries set data including an identification code of the RFID electronic tag; the slave RFID reader-writer also transmits the received data to the control unit, the transmission control unit processes the data obtained in the process, and if the positioning information can be formed, the positioning information is uploaded to a server; if the positioning information cannot be formed or the slave RFID reader does not receive the return data within the set time period, it indicates that the RFID tag found by the master RFID reader is not within the range of the slave RFID reader, and therefore, the next slave RFID reader needs to be started to perform the above determination to determine whether the RFID tag is within the coverage of the slave RFID reader. The above process is repeated until a slave RFID reader-writer receives the return signal sent by the RFID tag, that is, the slave RFID reader-writer covering the area where the RFID tag is located is found. The working process of the slave RFID reader-writer is that the control unit starts the slave RFID reader-writers one by one, and after information in at least one signal returned by the slave RFID reader-writer is obtained, the remaining slave RFID reader-writers which are not started in the RFID base station unit are not started.
In this embodiment, each RFID reader (including the master RFID reader and the slave RFID reader) includes an independent antenna, and the antenna structures of the plurality of RFID readers in one RFID base station unit are the same or different. In this way, the effect is achieved that the master RFID reader covers a wider range, while the other slave RFID readers divide the range covered by the master RFID reader into a plurality of areas, e.g., sectors, each slave RFID reader covering a sector, respectively. Therefore, after the RFID electronic tag is determined to enter the action range, the area where the RFID electronic tag is located can be further subdivided, and accurate positioning is carried out. The division of these areas or sectors is achieved by the structure of the antenna, the setting of the antenna position and the tuning. Although the overlap of the coverage sectors is almost inevitable for the slave RFID reader-writer, since the slave RFID reader-writer operates one by one, the situation of contradiction of the positioning information does not occur. Conversely, in some cases, the overlapping sectors may be utilized for further accurate positioning. Fig. 2 shows a sector division situation in a case of this embodiment, in fig. 2, antennas of the respective RFID readers are disposed at the same position, but coverage ranges thereof are different, a coverage range of the master RFID is denoted by 1, and coverage ranges of three slave RFID readers of the RFID base station unit are denoted by 2, 3, and 4, and when the three slave RFID readers operate one by one under the control of the control unit, a position of the RFID electronic tag entering the area 1 can be further narrowed to an area covered by the respective slave RFID readers.
In this embodiment, a plurality of RFID readers in one RFID base station unit operate in different frequency bands, and use different communication protocols and have different identification codes known to the control unit of the RFID base station unit. A more common arrangement is that in one RFID base unit, the master RFID reader and the slave RFID reader operate in different frequency bands, using different communication protocols, with different identification codes known to the control unit of the RFID base unit; and the plurality of slave RFID readers operate in the same frequency band, adopt the same communication protocol and have the same identification code. Corresponding to the RFID base station unit, the identified RFID electronic tag also has two RFID electronic tag chips, the two RFID electronic tag chips also work in different frequency bands, different communication protocols are adopted, different identification codes are provided, meanwhile, the frequency bands and the protocols of the two RFID electronic tag chips also respectively correspond to those adopted by the master RFID reader-writer and the slave RFID reader-writer, the chip corresponding to the slave RFID reader-writer does not work before the chip corresponding to the master RFID reader-writer sends a return signal, and when the chip corresponding to the slave RFID reader-writer sends the return signal, the return signal not only comprises the identification code of the chip, but also comprises the identification code of the chip corresponding to the master RFID reader-writer. Thus, when the control unit receives the return signal data transmitted by the chip, the control unit can judge whether the return signal data is transmitted by the same RFID electronic tag. The judgment not only enables the RFID base station unit to eliminate the interference of other electronic tags, so that the positioning is more accurate, but also enables the control unit to centralize the data sent by one RFID electronic tag, so that the control unit sends the data content sent by one RFID electronic tag to different RFID readers in the RFID base station unit as positioning information to the server, and a foundation is laid for the server to further process the positioning information.
In the process, the positions of the RFID electronic tags can be accurately distinguished through sector division. In actual use, however, such partitioning may not be sufficient. Since the linear distance of the coverage range of a reader-writer can be several meters to several tens of meters, it is not practical to distinguish such a distance in practical use. In order to realize more accurate positioning, when the control unit obtains a signal sent by an RFID electronic tag to an RFID reader-writer, the control unit searches a signal intensity table which is stored in advance and corresponds to the RFID reader-writer according to the signal intensity of the signal, obtains a distance value corresponding to the signal intensity, and adds the distance value into positioning data. Since the electronic tag of the RFID used is known in advance, and the strength of the transmitted signal is also known in advance, in this embodiment, the relationship between the transmission distance and the strength of the return signal received by the corresponding RFID reader/writer can be obtained for different RFID electronic tags (including different chips, antenna structures, and the like in the electronic tag), and although such relationship is not very accurate, for the division of the linear distance in this embodiment, the sector covered by the RFID reader/writer can be divided into a plurality of areas, for example, 10 areas, so that the positioning accuracy can reach about 1 meter. Therefore, in this embodiment, the control unit stores the relationship data between the signal strength and the distance, the reader/writer determines the signal strength when receiving the return signal, and sends the signal strength and the data content of the return signal to the control unit, and the control unit looks up the table to obtain the linear distance, adds the linear distance to the positioning information, and sends the linear distance to the server. In this embodiment, both the master RFID reader and the slave RFID reader can determine the signal strength and obtain data, so that the control unit can process the distance data, for example, calculate an average value, and thus can obtain the distance data more accurately.
In addition, in fig. 2, the RFID reader/writer antennas in the RFID base station units are all arranged at the same position, which is the most common arrangement in the regular positioning space, that is, a plurality of such RFID base station units are arranged at the center of the positioning space, each base station unit faces to a different direction, so that the plurality of RFID base station units cover the whole space to be positioned. However, due to the complexity of the positioning space, in the present embodiment, such an arrangement may not be sufficient, and antennas of a plurality of RFID readers and writers of the same RFID base station unit need to be arranged at different positions. For this reason, in the present embodiment, in some cases, the control unit and the RFID reader/writer connected to the control unit and controlled by the control unit are connected by a cable so that different RFID readers/writers can be disposed at different spatial positions when disposed to the positioning space. The control unit and the plurality of RFID readers may also be disposed in the same housing, and each RFID reader and an antenna connected thereto are connected by a cable so that different RFID reader antennas can be disposed at different spatial positions when disposed in a positioning space.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An RFID base station unit for indoor positioning is characterized by comprising a plurality of RFID readers and a control unit, wherein the control unit respectively controls the RFID readers to respectively send data requests so that RFID electronic tags in the action range of the RFID readers can respond; after the RFID reader-writer receives a signal returned by the RFID electronic tag, acquiring data carried in the signal and transmitting the data to the control unit; the control unit processes data transmitted by at least two RFID readers to obtain positioning information and uploads the positioning information to a server through a network;
the plurality of RFID readers comprise a master RFID reader and at least one slave RFID reader; the control unit enables the master RFID reader-writer to always send a data request when working, monitors whether the master RFID reader-writer receives a return signal returned by the RFID electronic tag, and outputs a control signal when the return signal is confirmed and carries the identification code of the master RFID reader-writer, so that at least one slave RFID reader-writer starts working;
each RFID reader-writer comprises an independent antenna, and the antenna structures of a plurality of RFID reader-writers in one RFID base station unit are the same or different; enabling a master RFID reader-writer to cover a range, dividing the range covered by the master RFID reader-writer into a plurality of areas by other slave RFID reader-writers, and respectively covering one area by each slave RFID reader-writer; a plurality of RFID readers in one RFID base station unit work in different frequency bands, adopt different communication protocols and have different identification codes known to a control unit of the RFID base station unit;
the control unit also monitors a return signal of the RFID electronic tag received by the connected slave RFID reader-writer, acquires data content in the return signal, and forms positioning information together with the data content returned by the RFID electronic tag to the master RFID reader-writer to be uploaded to the server;
the control unit starts the slave RFID readers one by one, and after information in a return signal received by one slave RFID reader is obtained, the control unit does not continue to start the rest slave RFID readers in the RFID base station unit.
2. The RFID base station unit of claim 1, wherein the control unit, when acquiring a signal sent from an RFID tag to an RFID reader, searches a signal strength table corresponding to the RFID reader stored in advance according to the signal strength of the signal, obtains a distance value corresponding to the signal strength, and adds the distance value to the positioning data.
3. The RFID base station unit for indoor positioning according to claim 2, wherein the control unit transmits data contents of one RFID tag transmitted to different RFID readers in the RFID base station unit as one positioning information to the server.
4. The RFID base station unit for indoor positioning according to claim 3, wherein the control unit and the RFID reader-writer connected with the control unit and controlled by the control unit are connected by a cable so that different RFID reader-writers can be arranged at different spatial positions when arranged in the positioning space.
5. The RFID base station unit for indoor positioning according to claim 3, wherein the control unit and the plurality of RFID readers are disposed in the same housing, and each RFID reader and its connected antenna are connected by a cable so that different RFID reader antennas can be disposed at different spatial positions when disposed to the positioning space.
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| CN109714821B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2020-09-29 | 深圳市优必选科技有限公司 | Method and device for selecting wireless positioning and ranging base station |
| CN109121077B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-09-29 | 刘丽 | Bluetooth work system of garage and work method thereof |
| CN110858952B (en) * | 2018-08-22 | 2021-07-30 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Positioning method, positioning base station, server and management system of electronic tag assembly |
| CN113299110B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2022-08-23 | 中国联合网络通信集团有限公司 | Parking lot vehicle query method and system |
| CN113596733B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-04-01 | 柒贰零（北京）健康科技有限公司 | System based on RFID base station location |
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Address after: 518000 Unit G, Block A, 13/F, Building 9, Baoneng Science Park, Qinghu Community, Longhua Street, Longhua District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Patentee after: SHENZHEN IRF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: ABCDE Unit, 17th Floor, Block A, Building 7, Baoneng Science and Technology Park, Qingxiang Road, Longhua Office, Longhua New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, 518000 Patentee before: SHENZHEN IRF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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