CN106932858A - A kind of double-cladding active optical fiber and its manufacture method - Google Patents
A kind of double-cladding active optical fiber and its manufacture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106932858A CN106932858A CN201710225014.7A CN201710225014A CN106932858A CN 106932858 A CN106932858 A CN 106932858A CN 201710225014 A CN201710225014 A CN 201710225014A CN 106932858 A CN106932858 A CN 106932858A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/01222—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of multiple core optical fibres
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double-cladding active optical fiber and its manufacture method, the double-cladding active optical fiber includes successively from inside to outside：Fibre core, inner cladding, surrounding layer and protective coating；Wherein, M filling region is provided with inner cladding, M is positive integer, and the filling region is made up of refractive index less than the filler of the refractive index of the inner cladding.The present invention solves double-cladding active optical fiber of the prior art, on the premise of keeping fibre core doping concentration constant, how to improve the technical problem of cladding pumping absorption.Additionally, this design can allow the preparation of circular Active Optical Fiber, matching and compatibility with passive fiber are greatly improved, and then improve the efficiency and reliability of optical fiber laser.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber, more particularly to a kind of double-cladding active optical fiber and its manufacture method.
Background technology
The technological break-through of high power fiber laser starts from the double clad pumping concept that Snitzer in 1988 et al. is proposed,
Different from common communications fiber design, in addition to around the inner cladding of fibre core, doubly clad optical fiber increased and be applied using low-refraction
The surrounding layer that layer is formed so that fibre core has refractive index higher relative to inner cladding, inner cladding relative to surrounding layer, forms fine
The dual waveguiding structure of core and covering, rare earth ion doped fibre core can be used as the gain media of laser, and clad waveguides are available
In transmission pump light source.Due to end face transmitting multiple die semiconductor laser long axis direction spot size it is general 100 μm with
On, and the diameter of optical fiber can be controlled neatly in tens to hundreds of micrometer ranges, therefore, doubly clad optical fiber can effectively utilize height
Power low-light level semiconductor laser is used as pump light source so that the great-power solid laser of all optical fibre structure is possibly realized.It is aobvious
And be clear to, the pump light transmitted in covering can just be absorbed only when by fibre core by rare earth ion, therefore cladding pumping is inhaled
Receive coefficient and be typically much less than fibre core pump absorption coefficient, both ratios ultimately depend on fibre core and covering sectional area it
Than.In addition, a part of cladding pumping is just transmitted in the form of spiral light, from without fibre core, therefore is to improve pump
Pu absorption efficiency, usual double-cladding active optical fiber all makes non-round cross section, such as octagon or " D " type.Current eight side
Shape double-cladding active optical fiber is the main flow fiber design for making high power fiber laser.
Double-cladding active optical fiber is the important component of optical fiber laser, and double-cladding active optical fiber is more than conventional optical fiber
One low-refraction surrounding layer, mainly by fibre core, inner cladding, low-refraction surrounding layer and protective coating, (high index of refraction is coated
Layer) four parts constitute.
, there is following shortcoming in current double-cladding active optical fiber：
(1) wish that reducing optical fiber uses length in optical fiber laser use, and then reduce nonlinear effect, this is accomplished by
The cladding pumping for improving double-cladding active optical fiber absorbs, and general method is to improve covering pump by increasing fibre core doping concentration
Pu absorbs, but this kind of method can cause optical fiber photodarkening phenomenon obvious.Therefore, before keeping fibre core doping concentration constant
Put, how to improve cladding pumping absorption, it has also become current problem demanding prompt solution.
(2) bag can suitably be reduced by improving the numerical aperture of covering under conditions of same coupled power requirement is met
Layer cross section is accumulated, and then improves the pump absorption of Yb dosed optical fiber, but is limited to the property of material, and existing low refractive index coating difficulty has
Larger change；Although taking airport covering can greatly improve covering numerical aperture, the presence of stomata makes
This type optical fiber be difficult to cut, welding, it is more difficult to be matched with existing optical device.
(3) conventional double-cladding active optical fiber improves cladding pumping and absorbs to reduce spiral light, is set using special-shaped covering
Meter, this design causes that Active Optical Fiber is more difficult with passive fiber welding, and machining is readily incorporated the additional degree of eccentricity, meeting
Increase splice loss, splice attenuation, reduce beam quality.Additionally, physical dimension control of the special-shaped optical fiber in drawing process is also more difficult.
The content of the invention
The application provides a kind of double-cladding active optical fiber and its manufacture method, solves double-cladding active of the prior art
Optical fiber improves the technical problem of pump absorption how on the premise of identical fibre core doping concentration is kept.
On the one hand, the application provides following technical scheme by an embodiment：
A kind of double-cladding active optical fiber, includes successively from inside to outside：Fibre core, inner cladding, surrounding layer and protective coating；Its
In, M filling region is provided with the inner cladding, M is positive integer, and the filling region is less than the interior bag by refractive index
The filler composition of the refractive index of layer.
Preferably, the M filling region is randomly dispersed in the inner cladding, or, during the M filling region is in
The heart is symmetrical.
Preferably, the size and shape in the M filling region is random, or, the size in the M filling region
With shape all same.
Preferably, the filling region is the silica glass of doping.
Preferably, the doped chemical in the silica glass of the doping includes any combination of F, B, P, Ge, Al.
Preferably, the inner cladding is silica glass.
Preferably, the surrounding layer is the silica glass of fluorine doped or the silica glass of boron-doping or low-refraction tree
Fat.
Preferably, the profile of the cross section of the double-cladding active optical fiber is circle.
Preferably, the profile of the cross section of the double-cladding active optical fiber is polygon.
On the other hand, the application passes through an embodiment, there is provided following technical scheme：
A kind of manufacture method of double-cladding active optical fiber, it is characterised in that including：
Active prefabricated rods are prepared, the active prefabricated rods include sandwich layer and inner cladding；
By active plug and sleeve combination and melted, obtained the first preform；
M filling region is bored on the cross section of first preform, the second preform is obtained, M is for just
Integer；
Filler rod is inserted in described each filling region, the 3rd preform, the refractive index of institute's filler rod is obtained
Less than the refractive index of the inner cladding；
By the 3rd preform wire drawing at high temperature, and coated successively on the 3rd preform surface outer
Covering and protective coating, obtain double-cladding active optical fiber.
One or more technical schemes provided in the embodiment of the present application, at least have the following technical effect that or advantage：
In embodiments of the present invention, a kind of fiber design for improving the absorption of double-cladding active optical fiber cladding pumping is disclosed,
Include successively from inside to outside：Fibre core, inner cladding, surrounding layer and protective coating；Wherein, M is provided with the inner cladding to fill out
Region is filled, M is positive integer.Due to being provided with M filling region in inner cladding, and the refractive index of filler is less than inner cladding
Refractive index, reduces effective waveguide surface product of covering, meanwhile, the presence in these filling regions greatly suppresses the shape of spiral light
Into and transmission, the cladding light of raising by fibre core speed, both of the above combination can increase cladding pumping absorption, so as to solve
Double-cladding active optical fiber of the prior art, how on the premise of keeping fibre core doping concentration constant, improves pump absorption
Technical problem.Further, because the suppression of spiral light no longer needs the optical fiber profile of not rounded so that circular Active Optical Fiber into
It is possible, substantially increases the matching and compatibility of Active Optical Fiber and passive fiber, and in Active Optical Fiber preparation process
Geometry control accuracy, so as to reduce splice loss, splice attenuation, increases the efficiency and reliability of laser.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be to that will make needed for embodiment description
Accompanying drawing is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also obtain other according to these accompanying drawings
Accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of double-cladding active optical fiber in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of manufacture method flow chart of double-cladding active optical fiber in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of active plug in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of embodiment of the present invention middle sleeve；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the first preform in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the second preform in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the filler rod in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the 3rd preform in the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference：101-fibre core, 102-active plug, 103-sleeve pipe, the 104-the first preform, 105-
Second preform, 106-filler rod, the 107-the three preform, 108-inner cladding, 109-surrounding layer, 110-
Protective coating, 111-filling region.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application by provide it is a kind of improve fiber design that double-cladding active optical fiber cladding pumping absorbs and its
Manufacture method, solves double-cladding active optical fiber of the prior art how on the premise of identical fibre core doping concentration is kept,
Improve the technical problem of pump absorption.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the present application is in order to solve the above technical problems, general thought is as follows：
A kind of double-cladding active optical fiber, includes successively from inside to outside：Fibre core, inner cladding, surrounding layer and protective coating；Its
In, M filling region is provided with the inner cladding, M is positive integer, and the filling region is less than the interior bag by refractive index
The filler composition of the refractive index of layer.
In order to be better understood from above-mentioned technical proposal, below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment to upper
Technical scheme is stated to be described in detail.
Embodiment one
As shown in figure 1, present embodiments providing a kind of double-cladding active optical fiber, include successively from inside to outside：Fibre core 101,
Inner cladding 108, surrounding layer 109 and protective coating 110；Wherein, M filling region 111 is provided with inner cladding 108, M is for just
Integer.
Further, the cross section of the double-cladding active optical fiber can be for polygon (for example：Square or regular hexagon,
Or octagon etc.).
Preferably, the cross section of the double-cladding active optical fiber is circle, so, it is to avoid usual special-shaped double-cladding active
Optical fiber is more difficult with passive fiber welding, and machining is easily introduced the additional degree of eccentricity, and splice loss, splice attenuation increases, beam quality reduction,
The problems such as physical dimension control in drawing process is more difficult.
Further, the M filling region 111 is randomly dispersed in inner cladding 108, or, the M filling region
111 are centrosymmetric distribution.The size and shape in the M filling region 111 is random, or, the M filling region
111 size and shape all same.
In specific implementation process, filler rod thing of the filling region 111 by refractive index less than the refractive index of inner cladding 108
(for example：Filler rod 106) it is filled, filler rod 106 is specifically as follows the silica glass of doping, and doping therein includes
F (fluorine), B (boron), P (phosphorus), Ge (germanium), any combination of Al (aluminium).
For example, M hole can be bored in inner cladding 108, filler rod 106 is inserted in each hole in the M hole,
Form the sub-assembly of prefabricated rods and filler rod；And, the Central Symmetry of M roots filler rod 106, M can (M be 4 for 4 or 8 or 16
Integral multiple).By taking 4 filler rods as an example, this 4 filler rods can be up and down arranged symmetrically.
In specific implementation process, inner cladding 108 is solid-state, and inner cladding 108 can be silica glass.
In specific implementation process, surrounding layer 109 can be the silica glass of fluorine doped or the silica glass of boron-doping
Glass or low refractive index resin.
In specific implementation process, protective coating 110 is also referred to as protective layer (or high index of refraction coat).
The principle that the absorption of double-cladding active optical fiber cladding pumping is improved in the present embodiment is as follows：
When double-cladding active optical fiber cladding pumping absorption coefficient is analyzed, a kind of approximate method is taken, pump light is double
Absorbed by fibre core in covering Active Optical Fiber inner cladding communication process, then consider the cladding pumping absorption coefficient of double-cladding active optical fiber
MeetWherein, AcoreIt is the area of fibre core, AcladIt is the area of inner cladding, AinclIt is interior bag
The gross area of filler, α in layercladIt is the cladding pumping absorption coefficient of double-cladding active optical fiber, αcoreIt is the pump absorption of fibre core
Coefficient.So, keeping the area A of fibre corecoreWith the pump absorption coefficient α of fibre corecoreIn the case of constant, can be by increasing
The gross area A of filler in big inner claddingincl, improve the cladding pumping absorption coefficient of double-cladding active optical fiberclad。
Double-cladding active optical fiber in the present embodiment compared to double-cladding active optical fiber of the prior art, inhale by cladding pumping
Receive coefficient to greatly improve, this is that after being drilled due to inner cladding 108, position is filled region substitution, reduces the effective of inner cladding
Waveguide area, improves cladding pumping absorption.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, to reduce polarization-maintaining performance, filler rod 106 is counteracted according to being centrosymmetrically arranged
Polarization-maintaining performance；Also, filler rod 106 is the quartz pushrod of doping fluorine, relative to the stress rods of boron-doping, polarization-maintaining effect declines.
Technical scheme in above-mentioned the embodiment of the present application, at least has the following technical effect that or advantage：
1st, in the embodiment of the present application, the double-cladding active optical fiber, in inner cladding region, filling refractive index is less than interior bag
The filler of the refractive index of layer is (i.e.：Filler rod), effective waveguide surface product of inner cladding is reduced, increase pumped fiber absorbs, institute
To realize on the premise of keeping fibre core doping concentration constant, improve double-cladding active optical fiber cladding pumping and absorb.
2nd, in the embodiment of the present application, the double-cladding active optical fiber is all solid state design, is solved with air cladding layer
Double-cladding active optical fiber because be difficult to cut caused by the presence of airport, welding, it is more difficult with existing optical device match ask
Topic.
3rd, in the embodiment of the present application, the double-cladding active optical fiber uses circular design, it is to avoid usual special-shaped double-contracting
Layer Active Optical Fiber is more difficult with passive fiber welding, and machining is easily introduced the additional degree of eccentricity, and splice loss, splice attenuation increases, beam quality
Reduce, the problems such as the control of physical dimension in drawing process is more difficult.
Embodiment two
Based on same inventive concept, a kind of system for improving the absorption of double-cladding active optical fiber cladding pumping is present embodiments provided
Method is made, as shown in Fig. 2 including：
Step S201：Active plug 102 is prepared, active plug 102 includes fibre core 101 and inner cladding 108.
In specific implementation process, as shown in figure 3, MCVD (Modified Chemical Vapor can be used
Deposition, modified chemical vapor deposition process (MCVD)) technique prepares active plug 102.Specifically, on quartzy base tube, according to
Secondary through over etching, inner cladding deposition, sandwich layer is deposited, rear-earth-doped etc., then carries out contracting rod, and the operation such as polishing is obtained active plug
102。
In specific implementation process, after step S201, active plug 102 should be cleaned.Specifically, can be with
Active plug 102 is put into HF solution and soaks 200min, to remove the impurity of mandrel surface.
Step S202：Active plug 102 is combined and melted with sleeve pipe 103, the first preform 104 is obtained.
In specific implementation process, as shown in figure 4, it is circular quartz socket tube that sleeve pipe 103 is external diameter.As shown in figure 5, will
Active plug 102 and sleeve pipe 103 are combined, and sleeve pipe 103 is enclosed within the outside of active plug 102, the internal diameter of sleeve pipe 103 and have source core
The diameter matches error of rod 102 is melted active plug 102 and sleeve pipe 103 in cannula system within 0.5mm, is obtained
To a first solid preform 104.
Step S203：M filling region 111 is bored on the cross section of the first preform 104, the second predispersed fiber is obtained
Rod processed 105；Wherein, M is positive integer.
In specific implementation process, the M filling Central Symmetry of region 111.For example：As shown in fig. 6, can be by first
Preform 104 is placed on 4 filling regions 111 of symmetrical brill in rig, and this 4 filling regions 111 are right up and down
Claim.
Step S204：Filler rod 106 is inserted in each filling region 111, the 3rd preform 107 is obtained.
In specific implementation process, filling of the filling region 111 by refractive index as shown in Figure 7 less than the refractive index of inner cladding
Rod 106 is filled, and is specifically as follows the quartz pushrod of doping fluorine.
In specific implementation process, before step S204, also include：Second preform 105 is cleaned；It is right
Filler rod is polished；Filler rod 106 after polishing is cleaned.Wherein, when being cleaned to the second preform 105,
Ultrasonic wave cleans more than 15min during alkaline cleaner can be placed on the second preform 105, then is placed on organic washing agent
Middle ultrasonic wave cleans more than 15min, immersion more than 15min in HF solution is then placed into, to remove the second preform 105
The impurity on surface.When polishing filler rod 106, it is necessary to ensure that the diameter of the filler rod 106 after polishing is less than fill area
The difference of the diameter in domain 111, the diameter of the filler rod 106 after polishing and the diameter in filling region 111 is controlled within preset value, should
The span of preset value is 0.3mm~0.5mm, for example：0.3mm、0.4mm、0.5mm.Filler rod 106 after to polishing is clear
When washing, ultrasonic wave cleans more than 15min in being placed on alkaline cleaner with filler rod 106, then is placed in organic washing agent
Ultrasonic wave cleans more than 15min, immersion more than 15min in HF solution is then placed into, to remove the miscellaneous of the surface of filler rod 106
Matter.
In specific implementation process, filler rod 106 is inserted into each filling region 111 of the second preform 105
In, the 3rd preform 107 is obtained, as shown in Figure 8.
Step S205：By the 3rd wire drawing at high temperature of preform 107, surface coats surrounding layer 109 and protection successively
Coating 110, obtains double-cladding active optical fiber.
In specific implementation process, the 3rd preform 107 is placed on fiber drawing tower, in the molten state will
The wire drawing of 3rd preform 107 is coated, and forms surrounding layer 109 and protective coating 110 on the 3rd preform surface, finally
The double-cladding active optical fiber shown in Fig. 1 is obtained, the cross section of the double-cladding active optical fiber is circle.
Technical scheme in above-mentioned the embodiment of the present application, at least has the following technical effect that or advantage：
1st, in the embodiment of the present application, the double-cladding active optical fiber, in inner cladding region, filling refractive index is less than interior bag
The filler of the refractive index of layer is (i.e.：Filler rod), effective waveguide surface product of inner cladding is reduced, increase pumped fiber absorbs, institute
To realize on the premise of keeping fibre core doping concentration constant, improve double-cladding active optical fiber cladding pumping and absorb.
2nd, in the embodiment of the present application, the double-cladding active optical fiber is all solid state design, is solved with air cladding layer
Double-cladding active optical fiber because be difficult to cut caused by the presence of airport, welding, it is more difficult with existing optical device match ask
Topic.
3rd, in the embodiment of the present application, the double-cladding active optical fiber uses circular design, it is to avoid usual special-shaped double-contracting
Layer Active Optical Fiber is more difficult with passive fiber welding, and machining is easily introduced the additional degree of eccentricity, and splice loss, splice attenuation increases, beam quality
Reduce, the problems such as the control of physical dimension in drawing process is more difficult.
, but those skilled in the art once know basic creation although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described
Property concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, appended claims are intended to be construed to include excellent
Select embodiment and fall into having altered and changing for the scope of the invention.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification without deviating from essence of the invention to the present invention
God and scope.So, if these modifications of the invention and modification belong to the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of double-cladding active optical fiber, it is characterised in that include successively from inside to outside：Fibre core, inner cladding, surrounding layer and protection
Coating；Wherein, M filling region is provided with the inner cladding, M is positive integer, and the filling region is less than by refractive index
The filler composition of the refractive index of the inner cladding.
2. double-cladding active optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the M filling region is randomly dispersed in institute
In stating inner cladding, or, the M filling region is centrosymmetric distribution.
3. double-cladding active optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the size and shape in the M filling region
It is random, or, the size and shape all same in the M filling region.
4. double-cladding active optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the filler is the silica glass of doping
Glass.
5. double-cladding active optical fiber as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that mixing in the silica glass of the doping
Miscellaneous element includes any combination of F, B, P, Ge, Al.
6. double-cladding active optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inner cladding is silica glass.
7. double-cladding active optical fiber as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the surrounding layer is the silica glass of fluorine doped
Glass or the silica glass or low refractive index resin of boron-doping.
8. the double-cladding active optical fiber as described in claim 1~7, it is characterised in that the double-cladding active optical fiber it is transversal
The profile in face is circle.
9. the double-cladding active optical fiber as described in claim 1~7, it is characterised in that the double-cladding active optical fiber it is transversal
The profile in face is polygon.
10. a kind of manufacture method of double-cladding active optical fiber, it is characterised in that including：
Active prefabricated rods are prepared, the active prefabricated rods include sandwich layer and inner cladding；
By active plug and sleeve combination and melted, obtained the first preform；
M filling region is bored on the cross section of first preform, the second preform is obtained, wherein, M is for just
Integer；
Filler rod is inserted in described each filling region, the 3rd preform is obtained, the refractive index of institute's filler rod is less than
The refractive index of the inner cladding；
By the 3rd preform wire drawing at high temperature, and surrounding layer is coated successively on the 3rd preform surface
And protective coating, obtain double-cladding active optical fiber.
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| CN112456788A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-09 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | Polarization maintaining optical fiber for high power and preparation method thereof |
| CN112596151A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-02 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | Erbium-doped polarization-maintaining active optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113835150A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-12-24 | 江苏法尔胜光电科技有限公司 | Double-clad active optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103246014A (en) * | 2007-09-26 | 2013-08-14 | Imra美国公司 | Glass large-core optical fibers |
| CN201877671U (en) * | 2010-11-08 | 2011-06-22 | 深圳大学 | Photonic bandgap fiber and photonic bandgap fiber laser |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112456788A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-09 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | Polarization maintaining optical fiber for high power and preparation method thereof |
| CN112596151A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-02 | 法尔胜泓昇集团有限公司 | Erbium-doped polarization-maintaining active optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN112596151B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-11-04 | 江苏法尔胜光电科技有限公司 | Erbium-doped polarization-maintaining active optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113835150A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-12-24 | 江苏法尔胜光电科技有限公司 | Double-clad active optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106932858B (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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