CN115124231A - Air-clad anti-bending multi-core optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
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- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 9
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/0122—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of photonic crystal, microstructured or holey optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01205—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments
- C03B37/01211—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube
- C03B37/01222—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments starting from tubes, rods, fibres or filaments by inserting one or more rods or tubes into a tube for making preforms of multiple core optical fibres
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
Abstract
The invention discloses an air-clad anti-bending multi-core fiber, which comprises a central fiber core, a plurality of peripheral fiber cores and a common outer cladding, wherein the peripheral fiber cores are arranged around the central fiber core in a polygonal mode, the common outer cladding is used for wrapping the fiber cores, the fiber cores comprise a core layer, an inner cladding, a sunken cladding and an air cladding positioned on the outermost layer, and the prepared air-clad multi-core fiber has excellent low-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-core fiber manufacturing, in particular to an air-clad anti-bending multi-core fiber and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of services such as cloud computing, high-definition video, internet of things, 5G communication systems and the like, the global network traffic is rapidly increased, and the capacity expansion of an optical communication network system faces a bottleneck. The communication capacity of the traditional single-mode optical fiber system is close to the limit value due to the limitation of Shannon limit, and the medium capacity of the traditional single-mode optical fiber system is difficult to break through within a short time. It is acknowledged that the technical scheme for improving the single-fiber capacity focuses on the space division multiplexing technology, and the multi-core optical fiber designed based on the space division multiplexing technology concept is applied in advance at present, so that great progress is made. Compared with a single-core optical fiber, the multi-core optical fiber has the advantages of space saving and the like due to a high-density and multi-channel structure, and brings about multiple-level transmission capacity increase, so that a simple and effective capacity amplification method is provided for relieving the existing optical communication network system, and the method is widely concerned.
At present, the existing multi-core optical fiber has more design and preparation methods. In terms of manufacturing methods, it is often mentioned that a grinding device is used to prepare a base component, and finally, the base component is assembled and drawn to obtain the multi-core optical fiber, for example, patent CN112239325A discloses a method for manufacturing a multi-core optical fiber, which uses a grinding method to prepare different structural layers first, and the steps are complicated, and the requirements on the grinding device are high. Patent CN101625438A has designed a big bending insensitive single mode fiber of effective area who takes hole structure, and its core lies in utilizing the hole structure to further optimize its bending loss, and the hole structure adopts the machining method to realize, and is inefficient, and the defective percentage is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides an air-clad bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber and a manufacturing method thereof, which are suitable for manufacturing multi-core optical fibers with a large number of cores, and the manufactured air-clad multi-core optical fiber has excellent low-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance; the method for manufacturing the multi-core optical fiber is simple, practical and low in cost, and solves the problem that large-scale production is difficult to realize due to a large number of cores.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
an air-clad bend-resistant multicore optical fiber comprises a central fiber core, a plurality of layers of peripheral fiber cores arranged in a polygonal mode around the central fiber core and a common outer cladding used for wrapping the fiber cores, wherein each fiber core comprises a core layer, an inner cladding, a sunken cladding and an air cladding positioned on the outermost layer.
Furthermore, the core layer, the inner cladding layer and the depressed cladding layer of the fiber core are all in graded-index distribution and form step-index distribution with the air cladding layer, and the inner cladding layer, the common outer cladding layer and the air cladding layer are made of the same material.
Further, the common outer cladding is a pure quartz material.
Further, a method for manufacturing the air-clad bend-resistant multi-core optical fiber comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing a core rod with graded refractive index distribution, wherein the core rod comprises a core layer, an inner cladding and a sunken cladding;
step two, preparing an air cladding;
thirdly, assembling a fiber core prefabricated part;
fourthly, preparing an outer-wrapped quartz prefabricated part;
and fifthly, manufacturing a prefabricated rod assembly part and drawing wires.
Furthermore, the relative refractive index difference n1-n2/n1 of the core rod is controlled within 1 percent, n1 is the refractive index of the core layer, n2 is the refractive index of the depressed cladding layer n2, the bow per meter is less than 15 filaments, the number of cores is different according to the design, and the outer diameter d1 of the core rod is about 8-15 mm.
Furthermore, the air cladding is drawn by a quartz liner tube, the bow curve per meter of the drawn capillary quartz tube is less than 15 filaments, the outer diameter d2 of the capillary quartz tube is 1-3mm, the inner aperture is 0.8-1.5mm according to the design requirement, and the inner diameter wall thickness is 0.2-1.5 mm.
Further, when the fiber core prefabricated part is assembled, the thin-wall quartz tubes are arranged around the core rod at equal intervals along the axial direction, and two ends of each thin-wall quartz tube are heated and fixed around the core rod.
Furthermore, the overcladding quartz preform is manufactured by adopting a punching method, one end of a cylindrical pure quartz rod is tapered, holes are punched from the other end, the size of the hole diameter of each hole corresponds to the size of the fiber core, the number of the holes corresponds to the number of the fiber cores one by one, the size of the hole diameter d3 meets the tolerance ratio of d3 to d1+ N + d2+, d1 refers to the outer diameter of the core rod, N refers to the number of layers of the required air cladding, d2 refers to the outer diameter of the capillary quartz tube, and the tolerance ratio is that the fiber core preform needs to be inserted into the holes of the overcladding quartz preform, so the size of the hole punched in the overcladding quartz preform is necessarily larger than the value of d1+ N + d2, and the size of the cylindrical pure quartz rod is 140 and 180 mm.
And further, the fiber core prefabricated member is inserted into the quartz-cladded prefabricated member to form a complete prefabricated member assembly, a tetrafluoroethylene machined part is used for assisting when the fiber core prefabricated member is inserted, a thin-wall quartz tube is inserted into a gap between the assembled core rod prefabricated member and the quartz-cladded prefabricated member again during assembly to form a multilayer air cladding, and finally the complete prefabricated member assembly is subjected to wire drawing to obtain the bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber containing the air cladding.
Further, after the assembly of the core preform is completed, hydrofluoric acid with a mass concentration of 45% is required for surface treatment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method is suitable for manufacturing the multi-core optical fiber with a large number of cores, and the prepared air cladding multi-core optical fiber has excellent low-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance. The method for manufacturing the multi-core optical fiber is simple, practical and low in cost, and solves the problem that large-scale production is difficult to realize due to a large number of cores.
2. When the fiber core prefabricated member is assembled, the thin-wall quartz tube is inserted into the gap between the assembled core rod prefabricated member and the outer-coated quartz prefabricated member again to form a multilayer air cladding, and finally, the complete prefabricated member assembly is subjected to wire drawing to obtain the bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber containing the air cladding. Based on the air cladding structure, the bending loss of the multi-core optical fiber during transmission is reduced. In other words, the light is more easily confined in the core layer when propagating, which is equivalent to adding a layer of protection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions in the prior art of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an 8-core double air-clad fiber;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an assembled core preform structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an overcladding quartz preform.
In the figure: the core 1, the core layer 101, the air cladding 102, and the common outer cladding 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, an air-clad bend-resistant multicore fiber includes a central core 1, a plurality of peripheral cores 1 arranged in a polygonal manner around the central core 1, and a common outer cladding 2 for wrapping the cores 1, where the cores 1 include a core layer 101, an inner cladding, a depressed cladding, and an air cladding 102 located at the outermost layer. The fiber core 1 can be arranged in multiple layers from inside to outside when meeting the parameter requirements of attenuation, crosstalk between cores and the like, and comprises a core layer, an inner cladding layer, a sunken cladding layer and an air cladding layer. The prepared air-clad multi-core optical fiber has excellent low-core crosstalk performance and bending resistance.
The core layer 101, the inner cladding and the depressed cladding of the fiber core 1 are all in graded-index distribution and form step-index distribution with the air cladding 102, the inner cladding, the common outer cladding and the air cladding 102 are made of the same material, the refractive indexes of the inner cladding, the common outer cladding and the air cladding 102 are kept consistent, the transmission of light in the optical fiber is guaranteed, if the refractive indexes are inconsistent, the loss of the optical fiber is increased, the inner cladding is positioned in the core rod, and the air cladding is formed after the thin-wall quartz tube is drawn.
The common outer cladding 2 is a pure quartz material.
A method for making said air-clad, bend-resistant multicore optical fiber, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing a core rod with graded refractive index distribution, wherein the core rod comprises a core layer 101, an inner cladding and a sunken cladding;
secondly, preparing an air cladding 102; the air cladding 102 is a thin-walled quartz tube of the outer ring of the single-mode core rod, if the single-mode core rod only surrounds one circle, a subsequent first air cladding is formed after wire drawing, if the single-mode core rod only surrounds two circles, a first air cladding and a second air cladding are formed after wire drawing, and the like.
Thirdly, assembling a fiber core prefabricated part;
fourthly, preparing an outer wrapping quartz prefabricated part, and punching holes one by one at the positions corresponding to the fiber cores 1 on the common outer wrapping layer 2;
and fifthly, manufacturing a prefabricated rod assembly part and drawing a wire, wherein the prefabricated rod assembly part comprises the fiber core prefabricated part and the quartz cladding prefabricated part, and the thin-wall quartz tube is inserted into the gap between the fiber core prefabricated part and the quartz cladding prefabricated part if a plurality of air claddings are needed.
The core rod with the gradient refractive index distribution of the multi-core fiber can be manufactured by a conventional method, namely a VAD axial chemical vapor deposition method, which is the prior art and is not described in more detail herein. The core rod after drawing can form a core layer, an inner cladding and a sunken cladding, and is a part of a fiber core, the relative refractive index difference n1-n2/n1 of the core rod is controlled within 1%, n1 is the refractive index of the core layer 101, n2 is the refractive index n2 of the sunken cladding, the bow per meter is less than 15 filaments, the number of the fiber cores is different according to the design, and the outer diameter d1 of the core rod is about 8-15 mm. Because the inner periphery and the outer ring of the core rod are doped with different elements, a core layer with the refractive index difference higher than that of pure quartz and a sunken cladding layer lower than that of the pure quartz are formed inside the core rod. The relative refractive index is a concept for expressing the magnitude of the difference between the high refractive index and the low refractive index inside the core rod, and is expressed by the formula n1-n2/n 1. The curvature per meter is a concept for expressing the straightness of the core rod, because the core rod is inserted into the perforated overclad quartz preform, the core rod cannot be inserted if the core rod is not straight enough, and the outer ring is not good for fixing the thin-wall quartz tube.
The air cladding 102 is formed by drawing a thin-wall capillary quartz tube by using a quartz liner tube and performing high-temperature precision drawing by using the quartz liner tube with the outer diameter of 60mm, the air cladding is formed after the wall capillary quartz tube is drawn, the drawing process is the prior art and is not described herein, the bow curve per meter of the drawn capillary quartz tube is less than 15 filaments, the outer diameter d2 of the capillary quartz tube is about 1-3mm according to the design requirements of the number and the performance of fiber cores of the multi-core optical fiber, the inner aperture is about 0.8-1.5mm according to the design requirements, and the inner diameter wall thickness is about 0.2-1.5 mm. According to the number of fiber cores of the designed multi-core optical fiber and the requirements of optical parameters, thin-wall quartz tubes with different outer diameters are selected, the thickness of the air cladding can be controlled, and the thickness of the air cladding and the amount of air bubbles are determined according to the optical performance and the mechanical performance of subsequent optical fibers.
When the fiber core prefabricated part is assembled, the thin-wall quartz tubes are arranged around the core rod at equal intervals along the axial direction, and two ends of each thin-wall quartz tube are heated and fixed around the core rod to form the assembled fiber core prefabricated part. 26 thin-wall quartz tubes are uniformly arranged around a single-mode core rod along the axial direction, and two ends of each thin-wall quartz tube are heated and fixed around the core rod to form an assembled fiber core prefabricated member. The center distance between the adjacent thin-wall quartz tubes is 1.3 mm.
The outer-wrapping quartz prefabricated member is prepared by adopting a punching method, one end of a cylindrical pure quartz rod is pulled to be tapered, the tapered quartz rod is heated, the end part of the cylindrical pure quartz rod is pulled to be tapered from the plane, holes are punched from the other end of the cylindrical pure quartz rod, the hole diameter of each hole corresponds to the size of a fiber core, the hole number corresponds to the fiber core number one by one, the hole diameter d3 of each hole meets the fault tolerance rate of d 3-d 1+ N-d 2+, d1 refers to the outer diameter of the core rod, N refers to the number of layers of required air cladding layers, d2 refers to the outer diameter of a capillary quartz tube, the fault tolerance rate is that the fiber core prefabricated member needs to be inserted into the outer-wrapping quartz prefabricated member holes, so that the hole size of the outer-wrapping quartz prefabricated member is inevitably larger than the value of d1+ N-d 2, otherwise, the hole cannot be inserted into the outer-wrapping quartz tube, but is too large and cannot be performed, the outer-wrapping quartz rod prefabricated member is determined according to the performance after assembly and wire drawing, and a certain fault tolerance rate is convenient for prefabricated member, the size of the quartz rod can be determined according to the bow curve per meter of the core rod and the thin-wall capillary, and the size of the cylindrical pure quartz rod is about 140-180 mm.
The fiber core prefabricated member is inserted into the outsourcing quartz prefabricated member to form a complete prefabricated member assembly part, tetrafluoroethylene machined parts are utilized to assist when the fiber core prefabricated member is inserted, the machined parts are sleeved on the outsourcing quartz prefabricated member to ensure that the fiber core prefabricated member can stably enter when being inserted, excessive friction is not generated between the fiber core prefabricated member and the inner wall of the outsourcing quartz prefabricated member during punching, the thin-wall quartz tube is inserted into the gap between the assembly core rod prefabricated member and the outsourcing quartz prefabricated member again according to design requirements, a second layer of thin-wall capillary tube can form a second air cladding layer in the figure 1 after wire drawing, a multilayer air cladding layer 102 is formed, the thickness of the air cladding layer can be controlled at the same time, finally, the complete prefabricated member is subjected to wire drawing, and the bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber containing the air cladding layer assembly part is obtained. Based on the air cladding structure, the bending loss of the multi-core optical fiber during transmission is reduced. The light is more easily confined in the core layer when propagating, which is equivalent to adding a layer of protection. And (3) arranging 26 thin-wall quartz tubes prepared in the second step at equal intervals outside the assembled core rod prefabricated member, wherein the center distance between the adjacent thin-wall quartz tubes is 1.7mm, and finally forming a complete prefabricated rod assembly member. And finally, carrying out normal wire drawing and coating on the complete prefabricated rod assembly to obtain the double-air-clad bending-resistant 8-core optical fiber.
After the fiber core prefabricated part is assembled, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 45% is needed for surface treatment, and the fiber core prefabricated part is soaked in the hydrofluoric acid.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be mechanically or electrically connected, directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The bending-resistant multi-core optical fiber with the air cladding is characterized by comprising a central fiber core (1), a plurality of layers of peripheral fiber cores (1) which are arranged around the central fiber core (1) in a polygonal mode and a common outer cladding (2) used for wrapping the fiber cores (1), wherein the fiber cores (1) comprise a core layer (101), an inner cladding, a sunken cladding and the air cladding (102) located on the outermost layer.
2. The bend-resistant multi-core optical fiber including an air-clad according to claim 1, wherein the core (101), the inner cladding, and the depressed cladding of the core (1) are all graded-index profiles and form a step-index profile with the air-clad (102), and the inner cladding, the common outer cladding, and the air-clad (102) are made of the same material.
3. The air-clad bend-resistant multicore optical fiber of claim 1, wherein the common outer cladding (2) is a pure silica material.
4. A method for making an air-clad bend-resistant multi-core optical fiber as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, preparing a core rod with graded refractive index distribution, wherein the core rod comprises a core layer (101), an inner cladding and a sunken cladding;
a second step of preparing an air envelope (102);
thirdly, assembling a fiber core prefabricated part;
fourthly, preparing an outer-wrapped quartz prefabricated part;
and fifthly, manufacturing a prefabricated rod assembly part and drawing wires.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the relative refractive index difference (n1-n2)/n1 of the core rod is controlled to be within 1%, n1 is the refractive index of the core layer (101), n2 is the depressed cladding refractive index (n2), bow per meter is less than 15 filaments, the number of cores varies according to design, and the outer diameter d1 of the core rod is about 8-15 mm.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the air cladding (102) is drawn using a quartz liner tube, the bow per meter of the capillary quartz tube is less than 15 filaments after drawing, the capillary quartz tube has an outer diameter d2 of 1-3mm, an inner diameter of 0.8-1.5mm according to design requirements, and an inner diameter of 0.2-1.5 mm.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the core preform is assembled by arranging thin-walled quartz tubes around the core rod at equal intervals in the axial direction, and heating and fixing both ends of the thin-walled quartz tubes around the core rod.
8. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the overcladding silica preform is fabricated by a drilling method, one end of a cylindrical pure silica rod is tapered, holes are drilled from the other end, the size of the drilled hole corresponds to the size of the fiber core, the number of the drilled holes corresponds to the number of the fiber cores one by one, the size of the drilled hole d3 satisfies d3 ═ d1+ N × d2+ fault tolerance, d1 is the outer diameter of the core rod, N is the number of required air cladding layers, d2 is the outer diameter of the capillary silica tube, and the fault tolerance is that the fiber core preform needs to be inserted into the drilled hole of the overcladding silica preform, so the size of the drilled hole of the overcladding silica preform is inevitably larger than the value of d1+ N × d2, and the size of the cylindrical pure silica rod is 180 mm.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the core preform is inserted into the overcladding silica preform to form a complete preform assembly, wherein the core preform is inserted with the assistance of a tetrafluoroethylene workpiece, wherein the thin-walled silica tube is inserted again into a gap between the assembled core preform and the overcladding silica preform to form the multi-layer overcladding (102), and wherein the complete preform assembly is drawn to obtain the overcladding-resistant multicore fiber.
10. The method of claim 4, wherein the core preform is assembled and then surface treated with 45% hydrofluoric acid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116594100A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-08-15 | 江苏永鼎股份有限公司 | Bending insensitive optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN116594100B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏永鼎股份有限公司 | Bending insensitive optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN115124231B (en) | 2023-11-24 |
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