CN106930232B - Floating breakwater - Google Patents
Floating breakwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN106930232B CN106930232B CN201710122591.3A CN201710122591A CN106930232B CN 106930232 B CN106930232 B CN 106930232B CN 201710122591 A CN201710122591 A CN 201710122591A CN 106930232 B CN106930232 B CN 106930232B
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/062—Constructions floating in operational condition, e.g. breakwaters or wave dissipating walls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a floating breakwater, which comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, wherein each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system for fixing the wave-absorbing floating body in a sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices with the same structure, each anchoring device comprises an anchor chain, a metal rope, an elastic body and an anchor connecting mechanism, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism is connected with one end of each anchor chain, the other end of each anchor chain is connected with one end of each elastic body, the other end of each elastic body is connected with one end of each metal rope, and the other end of each metal rope is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body; the advantages are low cost, not easy to move, high stability and good wave eliminating effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a breakwater, in particular to a floating breakwater.
Background
A breakwater is an underwater building constructed to block the impact force of waves, to secure a harbor basin and a water surface stably to protect harbors from severe weather, and to allow safe berthing and operation of ships. The breakwater provides safe wave conditions for a target sea area or a coastal zone, and plays an important role in the field of sea area safety. With the gradual deep hydration of ocean engineering activities, the floating breakwater has the advantages of low cost, benefit for seawater exchange, short construction period and the like, and becomes the preferred choice of the breakwater in the deep sea area.
The existing floating breakwater mainly comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, wherein each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system, and the wave-absorbing floating body is fixed in a set sea area by the anchoring system. The mooring system usually comprises a plurality of mooring devices with the same structure, each mooring device comprises a mooring line and a mooring connecting mechanism, each mooring connecting mechanism is fixedly arranged on the sea bottom, one end of each mooring line is connected with each mooring connecting mechanism, and the other end of each mooring line is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body, so that the wave-absorbing floating bodies float in corresponding sea areas.
However, the conventional floating breakwater has the following problems: the mooring line is realized by a metal anchor chain, on one hand, the cost is high, on the other hand, the mooring line inevitably has the length of the mopping ground, the sea area environment is variable, after the wave-absorbing floating body is initially fixed by the mooring line, the wave-absorbing floating body can be kept in a standing state, once the storm and tide difference is large, the length of the mopping ground of the mooring line is changed, the stress balance of the wave-absorbing floating body is broken, the wave-absorbing floating body is difficult to continuously keep at the initial position, the wave-absorbing floating body moves, the motion response is large, the stability is poor, and the wave-absorbing effect of the breakwater is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the floating breakwater which has the advantages of low cost, difficult movement, high stability and good wave dissipation effect.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a floating breakwater comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system which is used for fixing the wave-absorbing floating body in the sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices with the same structure, each anchoring device comprises an anchor chain, a metal rope, an elastic body and an anchor connecting mechanism, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism is connected with one end of each anchor chain, the other end of each anchor chain is connected with one end of each elastic body, the other end of each elastic body is connected with one end of each metal rope, and the other end of each metal rope is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body.
The elastic body is a spring, a synthetic fiber rope is arranged between the anchor chain and the metal rope, one end of the synthetic fiber rope is fixedly connected with the anchor chain, the other end of the synthetic fiber rope is fixedly connected with the metal rope, and the length of the synthetic fiber rope is 5cm-10cm smaller than the maximum extension length of the spring. In the structure, the elastomer is realized through the spring, so that the cost can be saved, the requirement of keeping the mopping length to be zero can be met, the economic benefit of the breakwater is greatly improved, the synthetic fiber rope is used as a spring protection device to protect the spring, the spring is prevented from being broken due to the fact that the tidal range is unexpectedly too large, and the safety of the floating breakwater is improved.
The synthetic fiber rope is made of a mixture of nylon, polypropylene and polyethylene.
The metal rope be by many steel wires twist into the wire rope of strand formation, the anchor chain include a plurality of chain links that connect gradually, the chain link connect gradually by a plurality of chain links that have a shelves and form. The structure increases the tensile strength of the anchoring device on the basis of ensuring low cost, so that the anchoring device has small elongation and bending deformation when stressed, and the safety of the floating breakwater is improved.
The wave absorbing floating body comprises a floating base and a wave blocking assembly, the wave blocking assembly comprises two round pipes, the outer diameter of each round pipe is 0.6-0.9 m, the thickness of the side wall of each round pipe is 0.2-0.25 m, the two round pipes are arranged in the middle of the floating base in parallel, two ends of each round pipe are respectively positioned at the outer side of the floating base, a plurality of round table-shaped through holes are arranged on the front side wall of each round pipe from top to bottom at intervals, the through holes are obliquely arranged from bottom to top and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of each through hole is larger than or equal to 10cm and smaller than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of each through hole is larger than or equal to 5cm and smaller than 10cm, and the height of the part, below the floating base, of each round pipe is larger than the height of the part, above the floating base, of each round pipe is positioned. In this structure, the fender ripples subassembly that constitutes through two root circles pipes, the pipe is located to float the below part of base and is equivalent to a damping structure, the inside sea water and the unrestrained passageway of pipe conduct, the pipe is located and floats the above part of base and has a height of being equivalent, the wave is the arcwall face with the contact surface that keeps off the ripples subassembly, the structure stress condition is better, the durability is higher, can also effectively increase the energy dissipation effect of breakwater to nearly sea surface sea breeze when the defense wave peak part strikes, and the through-hole of a plurality of round platform shapes of interval setting down from the last on the preceding lateral wall of pipe can reduce the impact velocity that sea water or sea breeze got into the inside the pipe, can effectively increase the breakwater and to the energy dissipation effect of the shield effect of long wave and water body top layer lower part oscillatory wave, protect the structure in the breakwater, pier and the ship of berthing.
The height of the part of the circular tube below the floating base is 3-3.5 m, the height of the part of the circular tube above the floating base is 2.5-3 m, the included angle between the axis of the through hole and the axis of the circular tube is 30-45 degrees, and the side wall of the through hole is an uneven rough surface. In this structure, the through-hole slope sets up and the lateral wall is unevenness's rough surface, and sea water or sea wind carry out abundant friction between the lateral wall of water particle or wind particle and through-hole and consume the energy when getting into the through-hole, greatly increased the energy dissipation effect of breakwater.
The front side face and the rear side face of the floating base are arc-shaped faces with the same size, a plurality of circular truncated cone-shaped first through holes are arranged on the front side face of the floating base at intervals, the first through holes extend obliquely upwards to the upper end face of the floating base and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the first through holes is larger than or equal to 10cm and smaller than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the first through holes is larger than or equal to 5cm and smaller than 10cm, a plurality of circular truncated cone-shaped second through holes are arranged on the rear side face of the floating base at intervals, the second through holes extend obliquely upwards to the upper end face of the floating base and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the second through holes is larger than or equal to 10cm and smaller than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the second through holes is larger than or equal to 5cm and smaller than 10cm, the first through holes are located on the front side of the wave blocking component, and the second through holes are located on the rear side of the wave blocking component. In this structure, the wave is the arcwall face with the contact surface that floats the base, and the structure stress state is better, and the durability is higher, and sea wind and wave pass through the first thru hole and the second thru hole that set up in floating the base, and the internal diameter of first thru hole and second thru hole increases gradually, and sea wind and wave are advanced by the aperture, and after the macropore goes out, speed reduction, and first thru hole and second thru hole tilt up simultaneously set up, and sea wind and wave collide each other and utilize its self gravity energy dissipation with the lateral wall of first thru hole and second thru hole, greatly increased the energy dissipation effect of breakwater.
The floating base comprises a first base, a second base and a third base which are sequentially arranged from front to back, the cross section of the first base and the cross section of the third base are both semicircular, the cross section of the second base is rectangular, the first base and the third base are symmetrically arranged relative to the second base, the first through hole is positioned on the first base, the second through hole is positioned on the third base, the two round tubes are arranged on the second base, and the two round tubes, the first base, the second base and the third base are integrally connected. In this structure, wave absorption body simple structure, the wholeness is strong, and floats the base around and the equal symmetry of left and right sides direction, improves the equilibrium of breakwater.
The inclination angle of the first through hole is 30-45 degrees, the inclination angle of the second through hole is 30-45 degrees, and the side walls of the first through hole and the second through hole are respectively rugged rough surfaces. The structure can ensure that sea wind and waves completely collide with the side wall of the first through hole and completely rub against the side wall of the first through hole, and the energy dissipation effect of the breakwater is greatly improved.
The floating base is made of a light material with the material density of 0.3g-0.6g/cm < 3 >, the two round pipes are made of a light material with the material density of 1.1g-1.3g/cm < 3 >, the surface of the floating base is covered with a protective layer, the thickness of the protective layer is 0.5mm-0.8mm, and the protective layer is made of light stainless steel. This simple structure, prefabricated simple to operate, wholeness are good, and the material that floats the base and the cooperation of the material that the pipe used, can improve holistic antidumping stability, and it is big to float base rigidity, and the durability is strong.
Compared with the prior art, the floating breakwater has the advantages that the mooring system is constructed by a plurality of mooring devices with the same structure, each mooring device comprises a mooring chain, a metal rope, an elastic body and a mooring connecting mechanism, one end of each mooring connecting mechanism is connected with one end of each mooring chain, the other end of each mooring chain is connected with one end of each elastic body, the other end of each elastic body is connected with one end of each metal rope, and the other end of each metal rope is connected with the corresponding wave dissipation floating body.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a breakwater unit of the floating breakwater of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural view of an anchoring device of a breakwater unit of the floating breakwater of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a plan view of a wave-breaking floater of a breakwater unit of the floating breakwater according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural view of a through-hole of a breakwater unit of the floating breakwater of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a structural view of the first through hole of the breakwater unit of the floating breakwater of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following examples of the drawings.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in the figure, the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system which is used for fixing the wave-absorbing floating body in the sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices 1 with the same structure, each anchoring device 1 comprises an anchor chain 2, a metal rope 3, an elastic body 4 and an anchor connecting mechanism 5, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism 5 is connected with one end of the anchor chain 2, the other end of each anchor chain 2 is connected with one end of the corresponding elastic body 4, the other end of each elastic body 4 is connected with one end of the corresponding metal rope 3, and the other end of each metal rope 3 is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body.
In this embodiment, the elastic body 4 is a spring, a synthetic fiber rope 6 is further disposed between the anchor chain 2 and the metal rope 3, one end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the anchor chain 2, the other end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the metal rope 3, and the length of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is 5cm smaller than the maximum extension length of the spring.
In this embodiment, the synthetic fiber rope 6 is made of nylon, or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene.
In this embodiment, the metal rope 3 is a steel wire rope formed by twisting a plurality of steel wires into strands, and the anchor chain 2 includes a plurality of chain links connected in sequence, and the chain links are formed by connecting a plurality of chain rings with stoppers in sequence.
Example two: as shown in the figure, the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system which is used for fixing the wave-absorbing floating body in the sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices 1 with the same structure, each anchoring device 1 comprises an anchor chain 2, a metal rope 3, an elastic body 4 and an anchor connecting mechanism 5, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism 5 is connected with one end of the anchor chain 2, the other end of each anchor chain 2 is connected with one end of the corresponding elastic body 4, the other end of each elastic body 4 is connected with one end of the corresponding metal rope 3, and the other end of each metal rope 3 is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body.
In this embodiment, the elastic body 4 is a spring, a synthetic fiber rope 6 is further disposed between the anchor chain 2 and the metal rope 3, one end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the anchor chain 2, the other end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the metal rope 3, and the length of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is 5cm smaller than the maximum extension length of the spring.
In this embodiment, the synthetic fiber rope 6 is made of nylon, or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene.
In this embodiment, the metal rope 3 is a steel wire rope formed by twisting a plurality of steel wires into a strand, and the anchor chain 2 includes a plurality of chain links connected in sequence, and the chain links are formed by connecting a plurality of chain links with stoppers in sequence.
In this embodiment, the wave absorption body is including floating base 7 and fender ripples subassembly, the fender ripples subassembly includes two pipe 8, 8 external diameters of pipe are 0.6 meters, the lateral wall thickness of pipe 8 is 0.2 meters, two pipe 8 parallel settings are at the middle part of floating base 7, the both ends of pipe 8 are located the outside of floating base 7 respectively, from last through-hole 81 that down the interval was provided with a plurality of round platform shapes of follow on the preceding lateral wall of every pipe 8, through-hole 81 sets up and its inner diameter crescent from the tilt up down, the maximum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than and equals 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than or equal to 5cm and is less than 10cm, the height that pipe 8 lies in the part above the floating base 7 that the part of pipe 8 lies in below the floating base 7.
In this embodiment, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 below the floating base 7 is 3 meters, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 above the floating base 7 is 2.5 meters, the included angle between the axis of the through hole 81 and the axis of the circular tube 8 is 30 degrees, and the side wall of the through hole 81 is an uneven rough surface.
Example three: as shown in the figure, the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system which is used for fixing the wave-absorbing floating body in the sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices 1 with the same structure, each anchoring device 1 comprises an anchor chain 2, a metal rope 3, an elastic body 4 and an anchor connecting mechanism 5, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism 5 is connected with one end of each anchor chain 2, the other end of each anchor chain 2 is connected with one end of each elastic body 4, the other end of each elastic body 4 is connected with one end of each metal rope 3, and the other end of each metal rope 3 is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body.
In this embodiment, the elastic body 4 is a spring, a synthetic fiber rope 6 is further disposed between the anchor chain 2 and the metal rope 3, one end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the anchor chain 2, the other end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the metal rope 3, and the length of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is greater than or equal to 5cm smaller than the maximum extension length of the spring.
In this embodiment, the synthetic fiber rope 6 is made of nylon, or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene.
In this embodiment, the metal rope 3 is a steel wire rope formed by twisting a plurality of steel wires into a strand, and the anchor chain 2 includes a plurality of chain links connected in sequence, and the chain links are formed by connecting a plurality of chain links with stoppers in sequence.
In this embodiment, the wave absorption body is including floating base 7 and fender ripples subassembly, the fender ripples subassembly includes two pipe 8, 8 external diameters of pipe are 0.9 meters, the lateral wall thickness of pipe 8 is 0.25 meters, two pipe 8 parallel settings are at the middle part of floating base 7, the both ends of pipe 8 are located the outside of floating base 7 respectively, from last through-hole 81 that down the interval was provided with a plurality of round platform shapes of follow on the preceding lateral wall of every pipe 8, through-hole 81 sets up and its inner diameter crescent from the tilt up down, the maximum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than and equals 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than or equal to 5cm and is less than 10cm, the height that pipe 8 lies in the part above the floating base 7 that the part of pipe 8 lies in below the floating base 7, connect through baffle 9 between two pipe 8.
In this embodiment, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 below the floating base 7 is 3.5 meters, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 above the floating base 7 is 3 meters, the included angle between the axis of the through hole 81 and the axis of the circular tube 8 is 45 degrees, and the side wall of the through hole 81 is an uneven rough surface.
Example four: as shown in the figure, the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system which is used for fixing the wave-absorbing floating body in the sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices 1 with the same structure, each anchoring device 1 comprises an anchor chain 2, a metal rope 3, an elastic body 4 and an anchor connecting mechanism 5, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism 5 is connected with one end of each anchor chain 2, the other end of each anchor chain 2 is connected with one end of each elastic body 4, the other end of each elastic body 4 is connected with one end of each metal rope 3, and the other end of each metal rope 3 is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body.
In this embodiment, the elastic body 4 is a spring, a synthetic fiber rope 6 is further disposed between the anchor chain 2 and the metal rope 3, one end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the anchor chain 2, the other end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the metal rope 3, and the length of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is 5cm smaller than the maximum extension length of the spring.
In this embodiment, the synthetic fiber rope 6 is made of nylon, or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene.
In this embodiment, the metal rope 3 is a steel wire rope formed by twisting a plurality of steel wires into a strand, and the anchor chain 2 includes a plurality of chain links connected in sequence, and the chain links are formed by connecting a plurality of chain links with stoppers in sequence.
In this embodiment, wave absorption body is including floating base 7 and fender ripples subassembly, it includes two pipe 8 to keep off ripples subassembly, 8 external diameters of pipe are 0.6 meters, the lateral wall thickness of pipe 8 is 0.2 meters, two parallel settings of pipe 8 are at the middle part of floating base 7, the both ends of pipe 8 are located the outside of floating base 7 respectively, from last through-hole 81 that down the interval was provided with a plurality of round platform shapes of follow on the preceding lateral wall of every pipe 8, through-hole 81 sets up and its internal diameter is crescent from the tilt up down, the maximum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than or equal to 5cm and is less than 10cm, the height that pipe 8 is located the part more than floating base 7 that the part of pipe 8 is located below the floating base 7.
In this embodiment, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 below the floating base 7 is 3 meters, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 above the floating base 7 is 2.5 meters, the included angle between the axis of the through hole 81 and the axis of the circular tube 8 is 30 degrees, and the side wall of the through hole 81 is an uneven rough surface.
In this embodiment, both the front side face 71 and the rear side face 72 of the floating base 7 are arc-shaped faces with the same size, a plurality of truncated cone-shaped first through holes 73 are arranged on the front side face 71 of the floating base 7 at intervals, the first through holes 73 extend obliquely upward to the upper end face of the floating base 7 and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the first through holes 73 is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the first through holes 73 is greater than or equal to 5cm and less than 10cm, a plurality of truncated cone-shaped second through holes 74 are arranged on the rear side face 72 of the floating base 7 at intervals, the second through holes 74 extend obliquely upward to the upper end face of the floating base 7 and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the second through holes 74 is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the second through holes 74 is greater than or equal to 5cm and less than 10cm, the first through holes 73 are located on the front side of the wave blocking assembly, and the second through holes 74 are located on the rear side of the wave blocking assembly.
In this embodiment, the floating base 7 includes a first base 75, a second base 76, and a third base 77 that are sequentially arranged from front to back, the cross section of the first base 75 and the cross section of the third base 77 are both semicircular, the cross section of the second base 76 is rectangular, the first base 75 and the third base 77 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the second base 76, the first through hole 73 is located on the first base 75, the second through hole 74 is located on the third base 77, the two circular tubes 8 are disposed on the second base 76, and the two circular tubes 8, the first base 75, the second base 76, and the third base 77 are integrally connected.
In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the first through hole 73 is 30 degrees to 45 degrees, the inclination angle of the second through hole 74 is 30 degrees, and the side walls of the first through hole 73 and the second through hole 74 are respectively rugged rough surfaces.
In this embodiment, the two circular tubes 8 are made of a light material with a material density of 1.1g/cm3, the floating base 7 is made of a light material with a material density of 0.3g/cm3, the surface of the floating base 7 is covered with a protective layer, the thickness of the protective layer is 0.5mm, and the protective layer is made of light stainless steel.
Example five: as shown in the figure, the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, each breakwater unit comprises a wave-absorbing floating body and an anchoring system which is used for fixing the wave-absorbing floating body in the sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices 1 with the same structure, each anchoring device 1 comprises an anchor chain 2, a metal rope 3, an elastic body 4 and an anchor connecting mechanism 5, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism 5 is connected with one end of each anchor chain 2, the other end of each anchor chain 2 is connected with one end of each elastic body 4, the other end of each elastic body 4 is connected with one end of each metal rope 3, and the other end of each metal rope 3 is connected with the wave-absorbing floating body.
In this embodiment, the elastic body 4 is a spring, a synthetic fiber rope 6 is further disposed between the anchor chain 2 and the metal rope 3, one end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the anchor chain 2, the other end of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is fixedly connected with the metal rope 3, and the length of the synthetic fiber rope 6 is 5cm smaller than the maximum extension length of the spring.
In this embodiment, the synthetic fiber rope 6 is made of nylon, or a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene.
In this embodiment, the metal rope 3 is a steel wire rope formed by twisting a plurality of steel wires into a strand, and the anchor chain 2 includes a plurality of chain links connected in sequence, and the chain links are formed by connecting a plurality of chain links with stoppers in sequence.
In this embodiment, wave absorption body is including floating base 7 and fender ripples subassembly, it includes two pipe 8 to keep off ripples subassembly, 8 external diameters of pipe are 0.9 meters, the lateral wall thickness of pipe 8 is 0.25 meters, two parallel settings of pipe 8 are at the middle part of floating base 7, the both ends of pipe 8 are located the outside of floating base 7 respectively, from last through-hole 81 that down the interval was provided with a plurality of round platform shapes of follow on the preceding lateral wall of every pipe 8, through-hole 81 sets up and its internal diameter is crescent from the tilt up down, the maximum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of through-hole 81 is greater than or equal to 5cm and is less than 10cm, the height that pipe 8 is located the part more than floating base 7 that the part of pipe 8 is located below the floating base 7.
In this embodiment, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 below the floating base 7 is 3.5 meters, the height of the part of the circular tube 8 above the floating base 7 is 3 meters, the included angle between the axis of the through hole 81 and the axis of the circular tube 8 is 45 degrees, and the side wall of the through hole 81 is an uneven rough surface.
In this embodiment, both the front side face 71 and the rear side face 72 of the floating base 7 are arc-shaped faces with the same size, a plurality of truncated cone-shaped first through holes 73 are arranged on the front side face 71 of the floating base 7 at intervals, the first through holes 73 extend obliquely upward to the upper end face of the floating base 7 and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the first through holes 73 is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the first through holes 73 is greater than or equal to 5cm and less than 10cm, a plurality of truncated cone-shaped second through holes 74 are arranged on the rear side face 72 of the floating base 7 at intervals, the second through holes 74 extend obliquely upward to the upper end face of the floating base 7 and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the second through holes 74 is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the second through holes 74 is greater than or equal to 5cm and less than 10cm, the first through holes 73 are located on the front side of the wave blocking assembly, and the second through holes 74 are located on the rear side of the wave blocking assembly.
In this embodiment, the floating base 7 includes a first base 75, a second base 76, and a third base 77 that are sequentially arranged from front to back, the cross section of the first base 75 and the cross section of the third base 77 are both semicircular, the cross section of the second base 76 is rectangular, the first base 75 and the third base 77 are symmetrically disposed with respect to the second base 76, the first through hole 73 is located on the first base 75, the second through hole 74 is located on the third base 77, the two round tubes 8 are disposed on the second base 76, and the two round tubes 8, the first base 75, the second base 76, and the third base 77 are integrally connected.
In this embodiment, the inclination angle of the first through hole 73 is 30 degrees to 45 degrees, the inclination angle of the second through hole 74 is 45 degrees, and the side walls of the first through hole 73 and the second through hole 74 are respectively rugged rough surfaces.
In this embodiment, the two circular tubes 8 are made of a light material with a material density of 1.3g/cm3, the floating base 7 is made of a light material with a material density of 0.6g/cm3, the surface of the floating base 7 is covered with a protective layer, the thickness of the protective layer is 0.8mm, and the protective layer is made of light stainless steel.
Claims (9)
1. A floating breakwater comprises a plurality of breakwater units which are connected in sequence, wherein each breakwater unit comprises a wave absorbing floating body and an anchoring system for fixing the wave absorbing floating body in the sea area, each anchoring system comprises a plurality of anchoring devices with the same structure, and the floating breakwater is characterized in that each anchoring device comprises an anchor chain, a metal rope, an elastic body and an anchor connecting mechanism, one end of each anchor connecting mechanism is connected with one end of the anchor chain, the other end of each anchor chain is connected with one end of the elastic body, the other end of each elastic body is connected with one end of the metal rope, and the other end of each metal rope is connected with the wave absorbing floating body;
the elastic body is a spring, a synthetic fiber rope is arranged between the anchor chain and the metal rope, one end of the synthetic fiber rope is fixedly connected with the anchor chain, the other end of the synthetic fiber rope is fixedly connected with the metal rope, and the length of the synthetic fiber rope is 5cm-10cm smaller than the maximum extension length of the spring;
the wave-absorbing floating body comprises a floating base and a wave-blocking assembly, the wave-blocking assembly comprises two round pipes and two round pipes which are arranged in parallel in the middle of the floating base, the two ends of each round pipe are respectively located in the outer side of the floating base, each round pipe is provided with a plurality of through holes in a truncated cone shape from top to bottom on the front side wall of each round pipe, the through holes are formed in a mode that the through holes are inclined upwards from bottom to top and the inner diameter of each through hole is gradually increased, and the round pipes are located below the floating base, the height of the parts below the floating base is larger than that of the parts above the floating base.
2. The floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein the synthetic fiber rope is made of a mixture of nylon, polypropylene and polyethylene.
3. The floating breakwater of claim 1, wherein the metal rope is a steel wire rope formed by twisting a plurality of steel wires into strands, and the anchor chain comprises a plurality of links connected in sequence, the links being formed by connecting a plurality of chain rings in sequence.
4. The floating breakwater according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter of the circular pipe is 0.6 to 0.9 m, the thickness of the sidewall of the circular pipe is 0.2 to 0.25 m, the maximum diameter of the through hole is 10cm or more and 15cm or less, and the minimum diameter of the through hole is 5cm or more and 10cm or less.
5. The floating breakwater according to claim 4, wherein the height of the circular pipe below the floating base is 3 m to 3.5 m, the height of the circular pipe above the floating base is 2.5 m to 3 m, the included angle between the axis of the through hole and the axis of the circular pipe is 30 degrees to 45 degrees, and the side wall of the through hole is an uneven rough surface.
6. The floating breakwater according to claim 4, wherein the front side and the rear side of the floating base are arc-shaped surfaces with the same size, the front side of the floating base is provided with a plurality of truncated cone-shaped first through holes at intervals, the first through holes extend obliquely upward to the upper end surface of the floating base and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the first through holes is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the first through holes is greater than or equal to 5cm and less than 10cm, the rear side of the floating base is provided with a plurality of truncated cone-shaped second through holes at intervals, the second through holes extend obliquely upward to the upper end surface of the floating base and gradually increase in inner diameter, the maximum aperture of the second through holes is greater than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15cm, the minimum aperture of the second through holes is greater than or equal to 5cm and less than 10cm, the first through holes are located at the front side of the wave blocking assembly, and the second through holes are located at the rear side of the wave blocking assembly.
7. The floating breakwater of claim 6, wherein the floating foundation comprises a first foundation, a second foundation and a third foundation arranged in sequence from front to back, the cross section of the first foundation and the cross section of the third foundation are both semicircular, the cross section of the second foundation is rectangular, the first foundation and the third foundation are symmetrically arranged with respect to the second foundation, the first through hole is formed on the first foundation, the second through hole is formed on the third foundation, two round tubes are formed on the second foundation, and the two round tubes, the first foundation, the second foundation and the third foundation are integrally connected.
8. The floating breakwater according to claim 6, wherein the first through hole has an inclination angle of 30 to 45 degrees, the second through hole has an inclination angle of 30 to 45 degrees, and the side walls of the first through hole and the second through hole are respectively rugged rough surfaces.
9. The floating breakwater of claim 6, wherein the floating base is made of a lightweight material with a material density of 0.3g to 0.6g/cm3, the two round pipes are made of a lightweight material with a material density of 1.1g to 1.3g/cm3, the surface of the floating base is covered with a protective layer, the thickness of the protective layer is 0.5mm to 0.8mm, and the protective layer is made of lightweight stainless steel.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710122591.3A CN106930232B (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2017-03-03 | Floating breakwater |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710122591.3A CN106930232B (en) | 2017-03-03 | 2017-03-03 | Floating breakwater |
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| CN108397339A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-08-14 | 浙江大学 | A kind of breakwater being applicable in Muddy Bottoms marine site and floating type oscillating water column power generator |
| CN117702795B (en) * | 2023-12-14 | 2024-06-21 | 江苏科技大学 | Pile foundation capable of preventing anchor chain from being stretched and seabed groove from being formed and implementation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202194110U (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2012-04-18 | 郑钢钢 | Lifting controllable type water break |
| CN102535391B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-10-15 | 中山大学 | Anti-wave ocean platform |
| KR101296381B1 (en) * | 2012-01-26 | 2013-08-14 | 김임만 | floating breakwater |
| CN204399443U (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of compound type mooring system |
| CN104532786B (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2017-02-22 | 郑先斌 | Floating type wave dissipating device |
| CN105714734B (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2018-09-11 | 中交第四航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of floating breakwater |
| CN205776071U (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2016-12-07 | 重庆交通大学 | A kind of Multihole floating breakwater with wave energy weakened in multiple stages |
| CN106417133A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥学院 | Net cage mooring anchor chain with power buffering function |
| CN206599759U (en) * | 2017-03-03 | 2017-10-31 | 宁波大学 | A kind of floating breakwater |
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